CN1303208C - 一种从玉米中提取sod复合酶粗粉的制造方法 - Google Patents
一种从玉米中提取sod复合酶粗粉的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种从玉米中提取SOD复合酶粗粉的制造方法,其技术方案是:将玉米前处理完毕后,在粉碎打浆同时,加入天然抗氧化剂,制得匀浆,板框过滤后,滤液热变除蛋白,纳滤浓缩得超浓缩液速冻,上冷干机冷冻干燥,得SOD复合酶粗粉。本发明优点:在对玉米粉碎制浆同时,加入天然抗氧化剂,使玉米中SOD活性最大限度得到保护;本发明是一种纯物理方法,对浸出液采用纳滤浓缩,将超浓缩液冷冻干燥,这样制得SOD复合酶粗粉,活力单位较高;这种固体酶便于包装、贮存、运输和容易加工各种产品;本发明工艺流程简单,成本低,无污染,不矢为玉米深加工产品升级换代和高附加值项目最佳选择。
Description
本发明是从玉米中提取超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)复合酶粗粉的一种工业化生产方法。
超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)是二十世纪医学上伟大发现。自1969年Muord首次从牛血细胞中发现SOD以来,引起国际生化学界和医学界极大重视。SOD成为二十世纪国际医药学界最热门的课题。经过大量医学研究证明,SOD是一种重要人体超氧防离子自由基O2.-清除剂,临床上可以治疗由人体代谢产生的超氧防离子自由基引起的各种疾病,如各种炎症、风湿、类风湿引起自身免疫性疾病、酒精肝中毒、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、急性心肌炎、肺水肿、肺气肿、帕金森氏病、急慢性肾衰及尿毒症、糖尿病,尤其发现对防止癌细胞扩散、转移、抗辐射,增强免疫及在抗衰老和美容方面具有特殊的功效。
SOD做为药用,在美国、德国、日本、加拿大、澳大利亚、法国等发达国家已广泛应用。在国内外已有不少含SOD食品、饮料、化妆品、护肤品等具有增白、恢复青春,延缓衰老作用保健品上市。可见SOD在医药、食品及化妆保健品领域,具有广大市场前景。
人们最早是从动物血中提取SOD制成产品的,由于国际上动物血中含有疯牛病因子、口啼疫因子,人们应用后极不安全。国际血防组织已明令禁止从动物血中提取SOD生产各种产品。要求从含SOD植物和微生物中提取SOD生产各种产品。
植物界含SOD植物较多,如刺梨、沙棘、大豆、辣根、芦荟等。但最具有开发前途是从玉米中提取SOD。我国是世界盛产玉米第二大基地,年产量上亿吨。如此高产量的玉米,一部分食用,一部分生产饲料外,相当一部分是进行玉米深加工。深加工产品有淀粉,变性淀粉,果葡糖浆,用玉米粉发酵生产赖氨酸、柠檬酸、核酸等产品。但在玉米深加工中最具前途的、经济价值最高的就是从玉米中提取SOD。
此前,从玉米中提取SOD方面,已有人申报过专利,最后制得产品为液体;但由于SOD极不稳定,在提取过程中,SOD极易氧化、降解、变性失活,最后所得到产品测得SOD活力单位很低,甚至测得活力单位为0。这种SOD液体不好贮存、运输和加工。因此,工业化实施方案很难进行。
针对从玉米中提取SOD存在以上问题,本发明提出一种从玉米中提取SOD复合酶粗粉的制造方法,对以往从玉米中提取SOD方法中存在的问题,得以很好的解决。
本发明通过如下工艺路线实现的。
玉米分级筛选、消毒、冲洗、温水浸泡、粉碎磨浆同时加抗氧化剂保护、搅拌、板框压滤、取滤液热变除蛋白、无机膜微滤、纳滤浓缩、超浓缩液装盘速冻、冷冻干燥、SOD复合酶干块、粉碎、SOD复合酶粗粉、真空包装。
1、对投料玉米进行分级筛选,对粒小、不成熟、褐变玉米粒挑除。
2、配制1%次氯酸钠对玉米粒进行消毒,杀死玉米粒表面细菌。
3、消毒后玉米粒用清水冲洗至无消毒液残留。
4、清洗后,玉米粒在18°~32℃水中浸泡18~60hr。
5、玉米粒膨胀后,粉碎并加天然抗氧化剂保护,用磷酸缓冲液使PH值保持在5.0~7.8,上胶体磨匀浆。
6、匀浆液搅拌1-2hr,用板框压滤机过滤,收集滤液。
7、将滤液加热至40℃~60℃,搅拌10~60分钟,冷却降温,至-4°~4℃,过滤分离沉淀蛋白,收集滤液。
8、滤液用无机膜微滤。
9、将滤液进行纳滤浓缩,截留分子量在15000道尔顿以上,得原体积1/10~1/20的超浓缩液。
10、将超浓缩液装进托盘速冻后,进泠干机冷冻干燥,干燥后得SOD复合酶干块。
11、将SOD复合酶干块,超微粉碎即得SOD复合酶粗粉。
12、SOD复合酶粗粉按一定重量规格,用无毒塑料容器真空密封包装。
本发明具有以下特点:
1、以上方法制得SOD复合酶粗粉,是以SOD为主酶,含有辅助酶过氧化氢酶CAT和过氧化物酶POD的一种复合酶,SOD体内清除超氧阴离子自由基过程如下:
SOD酶使体内超氧阴离子自由基O2.经过歧化反应后生成过氧化氢H2O2,如果过氧化氢不及时清除,对人体细胞仍然有毒。由于从玉米中提取SOD酶是含有过氧化氢酶CAT和过氧化物酶POD的复合酶,由于这种复合酶催化作用,才能彻底清除体内自由基,保护人体细胞不受超氧阴离子自由基的侵害。
2、本发明方法,由于在提取加工中采取对SOD酶先期保护措施,对纳滤浓缩后母液,经冷冻干燥,这种加工工艺能够使SOD酶在加工中不被氧化、降解、变性、失活,最大限度保留了SOD活性。
3、SOD复合酶粗粉,用做食品、保健食品、日化护肤品的添加剂和药用原料,这种固体干粉便于贮存、运输和加工。
4、本发明制得的SOD复合酶粗粉,由于采用工艺流程完全是物理方法,节省了大量有机溶剂的提取过程,因此,本发明在工业化实施中,工装设备易选,工艺流程合理,生产控制点易控,收得率高,工业化实施方案容易制定和实施。
我国是世界盛产玉米大国,年产量上亿吨,如何消化如此高产量玉米,成为各级政府关心的大事,它关系到广大农民脱贫致富,调整农业产品结构问题。国内一些省份都在进行玉米深加工的生产和项目招商,本发明在工业化实施后,将对我国玉米深加工产品升级换代和提高深加工产品附加值,将发挥一定作用。
Claims (2)
1、一种从玉米中提取SOD复合酶粗粉的制造方法,其技术特征在于其工艺过程为:
1)在将玉米进行打浆前处理完毕后,将膨胀玉米粉碎磨浆同时,加天然抗氧化剂对玉米中SOD酶先期加以保护,并用磷酸缓冲液使PH值达到5.0~7.8;
2)在制得匀浆后,搅拌1~2hr,板框过滤收集滤液;
3)将滤液加热40~65℃,搅拌10-60分钟;
4)将滤液降温至-4~4℃,离心分离沉淀蛋白,收集滤液;
5)将滤液用无机膜微滤,收集滤液;
6)滤液采用纳滤浓缩,截留分子量在15000道尔顿以上,得原体系1/10~1/20的超浓缩液;
7)将超浓缩液装进托盘速冻后,进冷干机冷冻干燥,干燥后即得SOD复合酶粗品干块;
8)将SOD复合酶干块,超微粉碎即得SOD复合酶粗粉;
9)SOD复合酶粗粉按一定重量规格,用无毒塑料容器真空密封包装。
2、根据权利要求1所述制造方法,制得SOD复合酶粗粉中含有超氧化物歧化酶SOD主酶,还含有辅助酶过氧化氢酶CAT和过氧化物酶POD,这种复合酶能够使体内超氧阴离子自由基O2 -彻底清除,达到从根本上清除超氧阴离子自由基对细胞的毒性。
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CN1087947A (zh) * | 1992-12-10 | 1994-06-15 | 赵慎志 | 从玉米籽粒制取超氧化物歧化酶的方法 |
CN1040657C (zh) * | 1993-11-12 | 1998-11-11 | 沈阳农业大学 | 一种从玉米中提取超氧化物歧化酶(sod)的方法 |
CN1060213C (zh) * | 1999-01-07 | 2001-01-03 | 王元志 | 玉米超氧化物歧化酶(sod)复合酶制造方法 |
-
2003
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1087947A (zh) * | 1992-12-10 | 1994-06-15 | 赵慎志 | 从玉米籽粒制取超氧化物歧化酶的方法 |
CN1040657C (zh) * | 1993-11-12 | 1998-11-11 | 沈阳农业大学 | 一种从玉米中提取超氧化物歧化酶(sod)的方法 |
CN1060213C (zh) * | 1999-01-07 | 2001-01-03 | 王元志 | 玉米超氧化物歧化酶(sod)复合酶制造方法 |
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