CN1299844C - Method and plant for the hot rolling of rails - Google Patents

Method and plant for the hot rolling of rails Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1299844C
CN1299844C CNB038167786A CN03816778A CN1299844C CN 1299844 C CN1299844 C CN 1299844C CN B038167786 A CNB038167786 A CN B038167786A CN 03816778 A CN03816778 A CN 03816778A CN 1299844 C CN1299844 C CN 1299844C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
universal stand
rolling
rolling pass
vertical roll
high vertical
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB038167786A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1668394A (en
Inventor
佛朗哥·布尔科
洛里斯·马埃斯特鲁提
约尔格·施罗德
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Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
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Danieli and C Officine Meccaniche SpA
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
    • B21B1/085Rail sections
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B31/00Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
    • B21B31/02Rolling stand frames or housings; Roll mountings ; Roll chocks
    • B21B2031/026Transverse shifting the stand
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2265/00Forming parameters
    • B21B2265/14Reduction rate

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

A rolling mill for the production of rails comprising a reversible intermediate working section ( 3 ) which receives broken down bars from an appropriate upstream break down rolling station ( 2 ) and passes them to a downstream finishing station ( 4 ). The intermediate working section ( 3 ) comprises a first ( 30 ) and a second universal stand ( 32 ), a high edging stand ( 31 ) placed between the first and the second universal stands ( 30, 32 ). The three stands ( 30, 31, 32 ) are placed at such a distance between each other that the bar can be simultaneously held in all three said stands ( 30, 31, 32 ) during rolling. A method for the rolling of rails with such a plant comprises the following operations in order: a rolling passage ( U1 ) in the second universal stand ( 32 ); a rolling passage ( E1 ) in the high edging stand ( 31 ); a rolling passage ( U2 ) in the first universal stand ( 30 ).

Description

The method and apparatus that is used for hot rolled rail
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of production hot rolling article, such as beams of metal, but the method and apparatus of rail and similar rolled material particularly.
Background technology
The hot rolling manufacturing of carrying out rail in suitable rolling is known.
The rolling operation of rail generally includes steel ingot or the fracture operation of steel billet on one or more fracture platforms, the passage of workshop section in the middle of can selecting, and carry out the finishing operation subsequently at a finishing station.
Its rail of the demand for development of High Speed Railway is than under common railway line rail situation stricter machining tolerance being arranged.
Root problem of the present invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of roll out steel rail, and it can produce the higher rail of quality aspect size and surperficial tolerance, and the quantity of restriction rolling.
According to first aspect present invention, this problem is to solve by the method for making rail or similar products by rolling equipment, this equipment comprises a reversible middle workshop section, this workshop section receives the pre-roughing steel bar from roughing station, suitable upstream, after to its processing it is delivered to finishing station, a downstream, wherein worker station, this centre comprises:
First and second universal stand;
One high vertical roll unit, it is arranged between first and second universal stand.
Above-mentioned three supports are provided with such distance to each other, make described steel bar be contained in simultaneously in rolling in all three supports.
This method is characterized in that comprising in the indicated order following operation:
First rolling pass in second universal stand;
First rolling pass in high vertical roll unit;
First rolling pass in first rolling.
According to second aspect present invention, the solution of above-mentioned problem in greater detail is by using a rolling equipment to realize said method, this equipment comprises a reversible middle workshop section, it is used to receive the pre-roughing steel bar from roughing station, suitable upstream, after to its processing, it is delivered to finishing station, a downstream, wherein worker station, this centre comprises, first universal stand and the high vertical roll unit that set gradually along at least one rolling axis.Equipment according to the present invention is characterized in that also comprising second universal stand that is provided with along at least one rolling axis, so this high vertical roll unit is arranged between first and second universal stand, described three supports are located at a distance from each other, thereby steel bar is contained in rolling in three supports simultaneously.
The advantage of aforesaid method and apparatus has been except having taken into account good size and surperficial tolerance preferably, and defines outside the quantity of rolling, also has very high productivity ratio.
The low cost that causes a lower initial outlay cost and product to change to the restriction of support quantity.In fact, be higher than under the omnidistance temperature of the support of rolling identical steel bar not with two or three supports simultaneously rolling identical steel bars just can finish rollingly, so might reduce the quantity of rolling pass.
In addition, about the control of roller rotary speed and other processing parameter, simple relatively in the control of the intermediate rolling workshop section of three supports.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, described method by Rolling Production rail or similar products comprises that being configured as half finishing of handling the steel bar of rail operates, it is characterized in that this finishing operation comprises the rolling pass on the universal stand, this universal stand is equipped with first edger roll that can process rail foot, second edger roll that can machined steel tread portion (T), and this first and second edger roll rolling this top (T) and bottom (B) simultaneously.
At present, in rail rolling, the finishing passage is to be equipped with on the half omnipotent rolling of single vertical rolls or to finish in high vertical roll unit sometimes.
This finely finishing method allows height and the shape of rail with the rail top of better dimensional accuracy manufacturing, particularly finishing.
The most preferred embodiment that is provided allows to realize good finish, and has further improved the dimensional accuracy of institute's roll out steel rail.
Finely finishing method according to a further aspect of the present invention can be used in combination with the intermediate rolling method according to the aforementioned aspect of the present invention mentioned above, also can be used in combination with the middle processing method according to the rail of prior art.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Other advantage of the present invention is by for the detailed description of embodiment hereinafter and be conspicuous to those of ordinary skill in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and described embodiment is non-limiting example, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the embodiment of enforcement according to the rolling equipment of this bright method;
Fig. 2 has schematically shown the embodiment according to the inventive method, implements the order of rolling operation in the equipment of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 has schematically shown according to the inventive method first embodiment, the profile of the finishing support of equipment shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 has schematically shown according to the inventive method second embodiment, the profile of the finishing support of equipment shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 5 has schematically shown according to the inventive method the 3rd embodiment, the profile of the finishing support of equipment shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 6 has schematically shown according to the inventive method the 4th embodiment, the profile of the finishing support of equipment shown in Figure 1.
Detailed description of the invention
In this manual, expression formula " drawdown ratio (minification) " ρ refer to be (being typically expressed as percentage) each steel bar area of section S of standing each rolling pass reduce be worth with rolling pass before the ratio of the steel bar area of section, ρ=(S Prior-S After)/S Prior
Fig. 1 has schematically shown the preferred embodiment that is used for the equipment of hot rolling of rail according to of the present invention.
For example the steel bar of producing from a continuous Casting Equipment (not shown) at first carry out roughing system at first group of fracture platform 1, selectively carry out roughing system at second group of fracture platform 2; Arrive the whole middle workshop section that represents with label 3 then.After coming out from this centre workshop section 3, steel bar is admitted to a finishing station that comprises finishing support 4, and arrives in succession work station (anode cooling, heat treatment etc.) from this.
In present patent application, word " finishing support " or " finishing station " refer to finishes final rolling pass, finishes the support on the roll line that the rail final size adjusts.
According to an aspect of the present invention, middle workshop section 3 comprises first universal stand, 30, the second universal stand 32 along the steel bar roll line from the upstream to downstream direction, is arranged on two high vertical roll units 31 between first and second universal stand 30 and 32.
First and second universal stand 30 and 32 and high vertical roll unit 31 be reversible and along single rolling axis setting, its distance to each other is arranged to make its three can mesh same steel bar simultaneously (except this situation in the operation of rolling, promptly a support is just carrying out " shallow pass " passage, and the support that meshes a steel bar simultaneously is two at the most).
First and second universal stand 30,32 and the horizontal roller of vertical roll unit 31 between distance preferably approaching as far as possible: this makes finishes various rolling passes under higher mean temperature, reduce the wearing and tearing of roller or analog, permission higher minification (in described specific embodiment, passage might be reduced to three) on each passage and/or minority passage.
According to a first aspect of the invention, rolling workshop section 3 has outline in the drawings and has finished the rolling of half processing steel bar according to following method.
Partly handle steel bar and stand the first rolling pass U1 in second universal stand 32, wherein the first empty passage D1 is opened also thereby finished to the roller of first universal stand 30 originally; The direction of advance of steel bar counter-rotating then, and the steel bar that will process stands the first rolling pass E1 once more in intermediate rolling workshop section 3 processes in first working groove of high vertical roll unit 31, stand the first passage U2 subsequently in first universal stand 30.
High vertical roll unit 31 can be in moved between positions, thereby allows different slots or rolling groove to be configured along the rolling axis of two universal stand 30,32, to produce different high upset passes.
The first rolling pass U1 in second universal stand 32 preferably carries out minification ρ 1, and it suppose that preferably ρ 1 is approximately equal to 20%, and ρ 2 is approximately equal to 16% greater than the minification ρ 2 of the first rolling pass U2 in first universal stand 30; Yet this value also can be according to specific needs and modifications (such as the shape and size of wanting rolling rail, temperature etc.).ρ 1 preferably is chosen between about 10% and about 30%, and ρ 2 is chosen between about 3% and about 25%.
Before the first rolling pass U1 in standing universal stand 32, preferably further in the second rolling groove of high vertical roll unit 31, use rolling pass E2 fracture from the steel bar of two fracture machines 1 and 2; If possible, middle workshop section 3 is apart from a kind of like this distance of fracture machine 1,2, make the steel bar of in middle workshop section 3, handling no longer by fracture machine 1,2 roller is controlled, the operation of E2 can the cancellation one processing passage and reduce whole rolling time fracture machine 1,2 other the operation near finish.
When steel bar once more from the downstream to the upstream through the time, middle workshop section 3, return motion along with the first rolling pass U1 in relative second universal stand 32 of steel bar, and before the first rolling pass E1 in high vertical roll unit 31, the second rolling pass U3 that steel bar stands in second universal stand 32 (carries out passage U3, after passage U1, the roller of support 32 is more approaching): as mentioned above, the first rolling pass U2 in first universal stand 30, the second rolling pass U3 in the first rolling pass E1 in the high vertical roll unit 31 and second universal stand 32 can hold three supports 30 of steel bar at the same time, realize in 31,32 that (rail has from 60m usually to surpassing the final lengths that 100m changes; Be used for standby crop or other additional element also has shorter length).
The described working cycles of Fig. 2 according to the present invention, after the first rolling pass U2 in first universal stand, the direction of advance of steel bar is reversed once more, steel bar stands the second rolling pass U4 in first universal stand 30 (in the Rolling roller identical with passage U2, but that carry out is passage U4, this moment, the roller of support 30 drew closer together), in being subjected to high vertical roll unit 31 the 3rd groove, stand the 3rd rolling pass E3 in turn; The roller of second support 32 is opened now and steel bar is not carried out any rolling (the second shallow pass D2), and steel bar is sent to finishing station 4.
Rolling pass U3 preferably carries out minification ρ 3, and ρ 3 particularly is approximately equal to 16% between about 10% to 30%, and rolling pass U4 carries out minification ρ 4, and ρ 4 particularly is approximately equal to 8% between about 3% to about 20%.
According to above-mentioned preferred working cycles, fracture with maximum minification is only carried out in second universal stand 32 with the rolling pass U1 (can select U3) that hardens most, simultaneously, passage U2 (can select U4) with less minification carries out in first universal stand 30: like this, the maximum abrasion of fracture operation and initial distortion U1, U3 only is included in second universal stand 32, and the rolling pass U2 that is considered to pre-finishing passage in succession, U4 carries out in first universal stand 30 specially, thereby they only stand less wearing and tearing and the steel bar guaranteeing to come out from workshop section 3 on the shape and the tolerance of surface finish enough accurate, relatively the equipment all finished in the intermediate rolling workshop section on same universal stand of fracture and roughing passage and final pre-finishing passage has longer working life: in fact, in the working cycles of Fig. 2, first universal stand 30 has compensated the form variations of the faster deterioration that steel bar obtains from second universal stand 32.
Use the method according to this invention, the surface finish meeting of roll out steel rail is better: in fact, the rolling equipment of the relative known type of wearing and tearing that reduces in 30 processing of support roller can obtain the smooth surface of roll out steel rail longer time section.
Basically only there is the structure of the interlude 3 of three supports not need undue complicated roller speed control system system; Again Zhuan Bei time also can reduce, and the management of small lot batch manufacture has also been simplified.
With other device relatively, with the manufacturing of a small amount of support combination in people can obtain identical quality and tolerance, thereby people have saved initial outlay.
For example relative technique for continuous rolling, the operation with reversible support has guaranteed that more uniform temperature distributes on the steel bar.
Preferably, finishing station 4 and the middle workshop section such segment distance in 3 intervals, steel bar can not be contained in three support sections 3 and the finishing station 4 simultaneously; Except allowing to carry out simultaneously, and have still less dead time and intermediate rolling and finishing, described method has also been eliminated the distortion of steel bar, if and steel bar is contained in workshop section 3 and the station 4 simultaneously, described distortion will take place: in fact in the case, promptly use suitable operating system control, support 30,31,32 still can produce the more or less important relative changing of the relative positions with the speed at finishing station 4, and steel bar can produce expansion, distortion and change in size usually thus.
In present ordinary production, finishing station 4 comprises that half omnipotent roll off platform (promptly has two horizontal roller 40,41 and an edger roll 42, Fig. 3; The rail foot lower surface that edger roll 42 is rolling and finishing is placed) or a high vertical roll unit (Fig. 4).
Preferred embodiment (Fig. 5) according to the inventive method, finishing station 4 preferably includes one and has the universal stand of two horizontal roller 400,401 and two edger rolls 402,403, edger roll 402 is handled the also bottom of finishing rail B, and second edger roll is handled also the top T zone that rail is partly handled in finishing more simultaneously; Two edger rolls 402,403 are the bottom and the top of the simultaneously treated rail of finishing again.
Use with universal stand of two edger rolls (Fig. 5,6) is to obtain on the whole height of rail the more another factor of precision tolerance.Still referring to Fig. 5, but the top T of rail comprises the central surface T1 of a roll off usually, and the wheel of rolling stock rests on this surface, two lateral flanks T2, T3, their relative vertical lines linear directional or vertical or with the slight draft orientation substantially when rail is installed; The wheel of rolling stock laterally rests lateral flanks T2, on the T3.
Central rollable surfaces T1 and two lateral flanks T2, T3 are by two arch section T4, and T5 connects.
Distortion and the more vertical calendering roller 403 of finishing rail top T comprise a groove 404, it can plastic deformation and finishing top T again; Groove 404 comprises a middle section, and this zone can plastic deformation and the central authorities at finishing top can the section of rolling T1 again, is arranged on two side surfaces of these middle section both sides, and they can keep and mould the lateral flanks T4 of rail top T, T5.
Another roller 402 has a conventional flat spreading face, below finishing rail foot B.
The shape of groove 404 allows not only to keep and mould the calendering district T1 of central authorities of rail top T with high accuracy more, and also has top side wing T4, T5.
Get back to the roller of half omnipotent finishing support of the routine of Fig. 3, the difference between the different rotation rates of groove in difference P1-P10 can be on rolling steel bar surface usually, produces the changing of the relative positions effect of not expecting in some metallic region of steel bar; The degree of depth of groove can not be excessive for this reason.
Each section of the groove of the roller by comparison diagram 3 and 5 it should be noted that the roller of Fig. 5 type with groove 404 can not cause too much changing of the relative positions effect on the rail surface; Because changing of the relative positions effect increases along with the minimizing of groove average diameter, preferably select major diameter for edger roll 402,403.
Fig. 6 shows another embodiment by the omnipotent finishing support with two edger rolls 422,423 of applicant's exploitation.
In such example, the groove 424 of moulding the rail top T has the less degree of depth, and it does not have to mould and to keep rail top cross flank T2, the lateral flanks of T3; Groove 424 is only in the rolling and finishing of rail center of top zone T1; Like this, be overcome owing to changing the changing of the relative positions problem that causes along groove 404 surperficial rotary speeies.
The finishing support of Fig. 6 itself also is equipped with second roller 422 to mould and the downside of accurately finishing rail foot B.
Two above-mentioned edger roll finishing supports can not only be used for the finishing station of the equipment of elaboration according to the present invention, and can be used for dissimilar equipment, for example have the equipment of the middle workshop section of known type.With the support type that is used for finishing irrelevant (half omnipotent, omnipotent or edger roll), support 4 (Fig. 1,2) Nei finishing passage UF is preferably with between the minification ρ F about 1% to 15%, particularly minification ρ F equals 2% and realizes: such minification, especially little, selectively combine with the optional passage U2 of aforementioned execution and the pre-finishing operation of U4, the finely finishing method of known technology can be realized suitable accurate dimensions and surface finish tolerance and more stable concluding time relatively.
Described embodiment can carry out many variations and can not depart from scope of the present invention: for example can change by increasing or deleting the roller mill of carrying out each passage.If the ground space in the building that equipment held has requirement, steel bar also can be that even number needs not to be odd number mentioned above by the road sub-quantity of middle workshop section 3, thereby the terminal rail of rolling circulation is discharged from the workshop section 3 with its approaching side same side, and crosses workshop section 3 and continue to be sent to the downstream.
Drop on to revise with changing and all be contemplated as falling with in it with each of same domain such as claim.

Claims (12)

1, a kind of method of utilizing rolling equipment to make rail or similar products, wherein this equipment comprises reversible middle workshop section (3), this centre workshop section (3) comprises first universal stand (30), second universal stand (32), with high vertical roll unit (31), described high vertical roll unit is arranged between first universal stand (30) and second universal stand (32), and finishing station (4), wherein this centre workshop section (3) receives the pre-roughing steel bar from roughing station, suitable upstream (2), after to its processing it is delivered to finishing station, a downstream (4), this method comprises following operation in the indicated order:
First rolling pass (U1) in second universal stand (32);
First rolling pass (E1) in high vertical roll unit (31);
First rolling pass (U2) in first universal stand (30);
Rolling pass (UF) in finishing station (4);
It is characterized in that, high vertical roll unit (31) is two high vertical roll units, described first universal stand (30), high vertical roll unit (31) and second universal stand (32) are provided with such distance to each other, make described steel bar in rolling operation, only be contained in all three supports (30 simultaneously, 31,32) in;
First minification (ρ 1) that first rolling pass (U1) in second universal stand (32) is carried out is between about 10% and 30%; With
Second minification (ρ 2) that first rolling pass (U2) in first universal stand (30) is carried out is between about 3% and 25%; Wherein, first minification (ρ 1) is greater than second minification (ρ 2);
Be provided with such distance between described finishing station (4) and the middle workshop section (3), make that steel bar can not be contained in arbitrary support of first universal stand (30), high vertical roll unit (31) and second universal stand (32) when the finishing support carries out finishing passage (UF) to steel bar.
2, the method for claim 1, wherein, the minification (ρ 1) that first rolling pass (U1) in second universal stand (32) is carried out approximate 20% and the minification (ρ 2) of the execution of first rolling pass (U2) first universal stand (30) in approximate 10%.
3, method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein, first rolling pass (U1) that second rolling pass (E2) in high vertical roll unit (31) is positioned at second universal stand (32) before.
4, method as claimed in claim 3, wherein, first rolling pass (U1) of described steel bar in second universal stand (32) afterwards, and first rolling pass (E1) in high vertical roll unit (31) before, carries out the rolling of interior second rolling pass (U3) of second universal stand (32).
5, method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, the minification (ρ 3) that second rolling pass (U3) in second universal stand (32) is carried out is between about 10% and 30%.
6, method as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the 3rd rolling pass (E3) in the high vertical roll unit (31) is carried out in first rolling pass (U2) back in first universal stand (30).
7, method as claimed in claim 6 wherein, after first rolling pass (U2) in first universal stand (30), is carried out second rolling pass (U4) immediately in first universal stand (30).
8, method as claimed in claim 7, wherein, the minification (ρ 4) that second rolling pass (U4) of carrying out in first universal stand (30) is carried out is between about 3% and 20%.
9, method as claimed in claim 8, wherein, the 3rd rolling pass (E3) in high vertical roll unit (31) links to each other with second rolling pass (U4) of carrying out in first universal stand (30) in turn.
10, method as claimed in claim 9, it comprises the operation that a series of cardinal principles are made of following rolling pass in the indicated order:
Second rolling pass (E2) in high vertical roll unit (31) of coming out from pre-roughing station (2),
First rolling pass (U1) in second universal stand (32),
Second rolling pass (U3) in second universal stand (32),
First rolling pass (E1) in the high vertical roll unit (31),
First rolling pass (U2) in first universal stand (30),
Second rolling pass (U4) in first universal stand (30),
The 3rd rolling pass (E3) in the high vertical roll unit (31),
Rolling pass (UF) in the finishing station (4).
11, a kind ofly be used for the rolling equipment that enforcement of rights requires 1 described method, this equipment comprises reversible middle workshop section (3), it can receive from the pre-roughing steel bar at roughing station, suitable upstream (2) and supply with this steel bar, after to its processing, it is delivered to finishing station, a downstream (4), wherein this centre workshop section (3) comprises, first universal stand (30) and the high vertical roll unit (31) that set gradually along at least one rolling axis, also comprise second universal stand (32) that is provided with along at least one rolling axis, so this high vertical roll unit (31) is arranged on first and second universal stand (30,32) between, it is characterized in that, described three supports (30,31,32) be located at a distance from each other, thereby steel bar is contained in all three supports (30 simultaneously in rolling operation, 31,32) in, and, this finishing station (4) in turn comprises the finishing support with the at interval such segment distance setting of middle workshop section (3), make when the finishing support carries out finishing passage (UF) to steel bar, steel bar can not be contained in arbitrary support (30,31,32) of described middle workshop section (3).
12, as equipment as described in the claim 11, wherein, three supports (30,31,32) of this centre workshop section (3) one after the other are provided with, and can not insert other rolling support.
CNB038167786A 2002-07-19 2003-07-18 Method and plant for the hot rolling of rails Expired - Fee Related CN1299844C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2002MI001594A ITMI20021594A1 (en) 2002-07-19 2002-07-19 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HOT ROLLING OF RAILS
ITMI2002A001594 2002-07-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1668394A CN1668394A (en) 2005-09-14
CN1299844C true CN1299844C (en) 2007-02-14

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US (1) US20060016236A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1534441B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1299844C (en)
AT (1) ATE363952T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003250119A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60314256T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2288623T3 (en)
IT (1) ITMI20021594A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004009259A1 (en)

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AU2003250119A1 (en) 2004-02-09
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DE60314256T2 (en) 2008-02-07
EP1534441B1 (en) 2007-06-06

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