CN1292049A - 双组分玻璃纤维的可梳理混合纤维 - Google Patents

双组分玻璃纤维的可梳理混合纤维 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1292049A
CN1292049A CN99803281A CN99803281A CN1292049A CN 1292049 A CN1292049 A CN 1292049A CN 99803281 A CN99803281 A CN 99803281A CN 99803281 A CN99803281 A CN 99803281A CN 1292049 A CN1292049 A CN 1292049A
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fibre
fiber
glass fibre
crimped
felt
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CN99803281A
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CN1105201C (zh
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R·T·克鲁斯泽维斯基
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Toray Industries Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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Abstract

通过首先将双组分玻璃纤维与等量的或更大量的未卷曲纤维混合,能够将双组分玻璃纤维加工成粘结纤维网和毡。任选,加入其它卷曲纤维,而不会对加工性能产生显著影响。

Description

双组分玻璃纤维的可梳理混合纤维
本发明涉及一种均匀的混合纤维，其中一种纤维是双组分玻璃纤维(dual glass fiber)，另一种纤维是未卷曲纤维。这两种类型的纤维的这种组合使双组分玻璃纤维的纺织加工成为现实。
发明背景
合成纤维毡作为过滤材料是有用的，这在本领域中众所周知。Forsten等的美国专利No．4，361，619公开了一种由聚四氟乙烯纤维和玻璃纤维构成的过滤材料，其制法包括：将1～35wt％玻璃纤维和65～99wt％聚四氟乙烯纤维混合，制得梳理纤维网，再经交叉铺网制成毛层，然后经针刺制成毡。也可以将该交叉铺网毛层针刺到机织聚四氟乙烯纤维的稀松基布上，形成一种毡或毡状稀松布。
美国专利No 4，361，619还在实例2中公开了含有直形玻璃纤维和卷曲PTFE纤维的混合纤维的梳理方法。该专利指出，即使加入卷曲纤维，含有50wt％以上玻璃纤维的混合纤维也极难梳理。本领域技术人员的经验表明，本文中的术语“极难”意指：混合纤维不能用梳理机进行加工，梳理纤维网的质量难以制造有用的产品，或者，为了制得类似网状排列的纤维，必须大大降低梳理速度。当玻璃纤维含量大于混合纤维的50wt％时，能够达到的最大梳理速度为1m／min。其综合结果是，玻璃纤维含量大于50wt％的混合纤维是不能用梳理的方法加工的。
难以制造玻璃纤维含量大于50wt％的毡被认为是玻璃纤维缺乏卷曲造成的。所以，涉及制造玻璃纤维领域的技术人员提出，卷曲玻璃纤维比直形纤维应当更易加工成形为毡。但是，尚未得以证实。
两种玻璃复合纺丝可以制造卷曲或不规则形状的纤维。Stalego的美国专利No 2，998，620公开了双组分玻璃的卷曲玻璃纤维。Stagelo叙述了使具有不同热膨胀系数的两种玻璃组合物通过纺丝机的喷丝孔制造卷曲纤维。两种玻璃挤出时排列整齐，这样所得纤维在冷却时自然形成卷曲。
Tiede的美国专利No 3，073，005公开了一种改进的快速制造Stalego的双组分卷曲玻璃纤维的方法。
Stalego和Tiede两者都公开了，当将卷曲可溶纤维与玻璃纤维混合时，改进了这些双组分玻璃纤维的梳理方法。
其他人进行了另外的工作，已发表的有，最新国际专利申请WO95／12554公开了制造有用双组分玻璃纤维的玻璃组合物，还有WO95／29880，公开了具有特殊粘合性的双组分玻璃纤维。
卷曲玻璃纤维的主要生产者，俄亥俄州Toledo的Owenings-Corning Fiberglas公司在所发表的文章中(如机械工程第117卷，第2期，第38页，1995年2月)公开了其以MIRAFLEX商品名出售的双组分玻璃纤维具有高的回弹性，并推荐用于绝缘材料。此外，该论文还指出，这种双组分玻璃纤维能够以传统的纺织加工方法进行梳理和针刺。但是，迄今，本发明人和其他人对如MIRAFLEX这种双组分玻璃纤维尚未真正成功地实现工业化生产速度下的梳理。卷曲玻璃纤维的高回弹性妨碍正常梳理。适用于低模量纤维的技术，例如英国专利No1，030，570公开的一种改善的尼龙梳理方法，不适用于很高模量的脆性玻璃纤维。
发明概述
本发明提供了一种均匀的可梳理混合纤维，它包括一种双组分玻璃纤维和一种未卷曲纤维，其中未卷曲纤维的存在量等于或大于双组分玻璃纤维的存在量。该混合纤维还可以包括为卷曲纤维的第三种纤维。
本发明的纤维混合物易以工业化梳理速度进行梳理，形成均匀的粘结纤维网由此可形成毛层和毡。
本发明优选的纤维混合物包括均匀的混合纤维，它含有约1～30wt％双组分玻璃纤维、约1～60wt％未卷曲纤维、约10～98wt％卷曲纤维，其中，未卷曲纤维的存在量等于或大于双组分玻璃纤维的存在量。
一种优选的未卷曲纤维是“DE”型玻璃纤维，而优选的卷曲纤维是一种含氟聚合物纤维。特别有价值的卷曲纤维是PTFE纤维。最优选的混合纤维含有约20wt％双组分玻璃纤维、30～50wt％“DE”型未卷曲玻璃纤维和50～30wt％卷曲含氟聚合物纤维。
本发明还提供了由自这些混合纤维形成的层状毛层和稀松布组成的过滤用毡，其中纤维的层状毛层由均匀的混合纤维组成，后者含有约1～30wt％双组分玻璃纤维、约1～60wt％未卷曲纤维、约10～98wt％卷曲纤维，其中未卷曲纤维存在量等于或大于双组分玻璃纤维的量。本发明的过滤用毡(毡或毡状稀松布)可以与一种膜或其它适宜的基材层合。
本发明还提供一种能够制造毛层和毡的方法。
发明详述
本发明涉及一种均匀的可梳理混合纤维，其中一种纤维是双组分玻璃纤维而另一种是未卷曲纤维。这两种类型的纤维的这种组合使双组分玻璃纤维的纺织加工成为现实。
在本文中使用的术语双组分玻璃纤维意指由具有不同膨胀系数的两种或多种玻璃组合物制造的玻璃纤维。双组分玻璃纤维也可以称作不规则形状玻璃纤维或双玻璃纤维。这种玻璃纤维不是直的，而是在纺丝之后产生自然的、无规捻度的卷曲。理想的纤维横截面是，纤维的一半由第一种玻璃组分形成，而纤维的另一半由第二种玻璃组分形成。
双组分玻璃纤维的一种优选类型是由Owens-Corning Fiberglas股份有限公司出售的商品名为MIRAFLEX的纤维。已有报导，MIRAFLEX是由两种不同类型的硼硅酸钠玻璃熔化在一起成为一种单丝生产的。与传统的直形玻璃纤维不同，MIRAFLEX纤维具有无规捻度，并宣称为一种柔软、可挠曲、丝状手感和无任何剌痒感的产品。纤维的这种高回弹性使它特别适用于卷状绝缘材料；其中该纤维及由此形成的绝缘材料可以被紧密轧制成一种致密的卷材，而该卷材在开卷时又能恢复大部分的膨松性和弹性。
本发明的未卷曲纤维基本上是一种没有明显的弯曲、捻度、卷曲或者不规则形状的直形纤维。所优选的未卷曲纤维是“DE”型玻璃纤维或者其它直形的适宜的玻璃纤维。但是尚未完全明白的是，未卷曲纤维的加入会降低双组分玻璃纤维的回弹性。从而降低混合纤维的弹性和膨松度，并提供切实可行的纺织操作速度。可以在本发明中使用的其它未卷曲纤维是未卷曲的芳香族聚酰胺纤维，如对位芳族聚酰胺，未卷曲的含氟聚合物纤维，如PTFE和PFA纤维，未卷曲的聚乙烯或聚丙烯纤维、未卷曲的聚酰胺纤维、未卷曲的聚酯、聚酰亚胺或聚苯硫醚纤维。
在本发明中使用的术语含氟聚合物意指聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和一般称为氟代烯烃聚合物的聚合物，例如，四氟乙烯和六氟丙烯的共聚物(FEP)，四氟乙烯和全氟烷基-乙烯基醚的共聚物，后者例如全氟丙基-乙烯基醚(PFA)和全氟乙基-乙烯基醚，包含上列单体的氟代烯烃的三元共聚物和其它以四氟乙烯为基础的共聚物。
所谓工业化梳理速度的界限是指梳理速度至少为4m／min。
使这一均匀的混合纤维成功的重要参数是未卷曲纤维存在量必须等于或大于双组分玻璃纤维的量。如果加入的未卷曲纤维过少，那末双组分玻璃纤维的回弹性太大，混合纤维将不能以切实可行的速度进行加工。
第三种纤维，即卷曲的纤维，可以加入到双组分玻璃纤维和未卷曲纤维的混合纤维中，以便增加功能性或在随后的混合纤维制毡过程中起粘结材料的作用。优选第三种纤维是卷曲的含氟聚合物纤维，选自PTFE、PFA等，以杜邦公司商品名为TEFLON纤维出售。可以应用于本发明的其它卷曲纤维包括卷曲的芳族聚酰胺纤维如对位芳族聚酰胺，卷曲的聚乙烯或聚丙烯纤维，卷曲的聚酰胺纤维，卷曲的聚酯，聚酰亚胺或聚苯硫醚纤维。
本发明的纤维混合物易于梳理形成均匀的、粘结纤维网，由此可形成毛层和毡。按照本发明的毡能够是针刺毛层或者针刺到一种稀松布上的毛层。优选的稀松布的组成含有PTFE纤维、长丝或者短纤维，多孔或者非多孔的均可。稀松布也可以含有玻璃纤维。所优选的稀松布是一种机织布，尽管稀松布可以是机织布也可以是非织造布。
按照本发明制造的毡能够组合成用于过滤的层状织物。可以与本发明的毡或毡状稀松布一起使用形成过滤织物的其它组分。包括：过滤领域使用的材料，如多孔PTFE膜，PTFE膜或者层合的或以其它方式固定到毡上的其它基材，还有PTFE织物或纤维网或者形成织物或纤维网的诸如PTFE和其它含氟聚合物、玻璃、碳或聚酰亚胺等各种纤维的混合纤维，以及满足温度和化学环境使用要求的其它材料。
本发明的纤维混合物，采用制毡用典型纺织设备进行混合和加工。在典型方法中，将大量双组分玻璃纤维和未卷曲纤维(及任选第三种纤维组分)相组合并在锯齿粉碎机中混合。然后将所得混合纤维经梳理机加工成形为均匀的粘结纤维网，纤维网经交叉铺网可制成纤维毛层。交叉铺网而成的毛层可直接针刺成毡、或者先将其铺在稀松布上，然后再与稀松布一起针刺而成。
虽然认为双组分玻璃纤维更易加工，但是这不是本发明的发明人的经验。当用纯的双组分玻璃纤维进行梳理时，纤维的弹性和膨松性使纤维堆积在梳理机入口处，从而造成堵塞。另外，纤维的膨松性妨碍梳理机齿从足以制造粘结纤维网的大量纤维中按量取出纤维。加入至少等量的未卷曲纤维降低纤维的膨松性，并防止形成堵塞。这样使梳理机齿能够取出大量纤维，制成粘结纤维网。因此，本文所用术语“可梳理的”是指纤维混合物能够以大于4m／min的速度进行梳理形成粘结纤维网。在该纤维混合物中加入第三种组分的卷曲纤维对加工没有显著影响。
众所周知，未卷曲纤维一般不能经纺织设备进行梳理或加工，令人惊异的是，弯曲的或弧形的纤维的加工能够通过加入未卷曲纤维得到改进。
本发明所使用的纤维，卷曲的或者未卷曲的或者双组分玻璃纤维可以具有各种切断长度。一般说，本发明使用的纤维切断长度约为1～4英寸，优选约1～3英寸。对于本发明的三种纤维混合物的卷曲纤维组分来说，每英寸卷曲数应当至少为7。
这些纤维混合物用于制造过滤用毡，本发明人发现，特别有用的纤维混合物是下述的均匀混合纤维，即由约1～30wt％双组分玻璃纤维，约1～60wt％未卷曲纤维和约10～98wt％含氟聚合物制造的卷曲纤维组成的纤维，其中未卷曲纤维存在量等于或大于双组分玻璃纤维的量。特别优选的未卷曲纤维是“DE”型玻璃纤维，特别优选的含氟聚合物纤维是聚四氟乙烯纤维(PTFE)。这种纤维混合物是合适的，因为其能够制造含有高达70wt％玻璃纤维的含氟聚合物过滤用毡。
在这些重量范围中，已经发现，特别有用的是含有约20～25wt％双组分玻璃纤维、约30～50wt％“DE”型玻璃纤维和25～50wt％PTFE卷曲纤维的毡。在下述实例中列举了在这个优选范围内的两种特别组合物。
对于这些三组分混合纤维来说，已经发现，双组分玻璃纤维的切实可行的上限为稍大于约30wt％。大于约25wt％的纤维混合物开始变得膨松，含有约30wt％双组分玻璃纤维的混合纤维梳理成均匀的粘合纤维网变得较为困难。还认为，当使用或制造三组分混合纤维时，玻璃纤维的切实可行的上限为约70wt％。因为当玻璃纤维(双组分玻璃纤维或“DE”型玻璃纤维或其它类型直形玻璃纤维)含量大于约70wt％时，将难以形成粘结纤维网。
如前所述，该三种纤维的混合物可以采用典型的制毡纺织设备加工。在典型方法中，使大量双组分玻璃纤维、未卷曲“DE”型玻璃纤维和PTFE纤维组合并在锯齿粉碎机上混合，然后经梳理机将所得纤维混合物加工梳理成纤维网，经交叉铺网制成纤维毛层。该交叉铺网而成的毛层可以直接针刺成毡，或者，优选为先将其铺在机织或非织造稀松布上，再与稀松布一起针刺形成毡状稀松布。稀松布一般含有PTFE纤维或PTFE纤维和玻璃纤维的混合物。然后毡或毡状稀松布，象本领域已知的那样，采用典型设备和加工条件进行热定型。可以采用拉幅机，以减少在烘箱中发生过量收缩。与现有技术的具有高含量PTFE纤维的毡或毡状稀松布比较，本发明的高含量玻璃纤维过滤用毡或毡状稀松布具有相当的或较好的过滤效果。
如上所述的毡或毡状稀松布可以层合到含氟聚合物膜上，通常为PTFE。本领域已知的膜，包括多孔的和发泡的PTFE膜，适于层合到本发明的毡上。通常采用含氟聚合物粘合剂将毡或毡状稀松布粘合到膜上完成层合，所述粘合剂诸如氟化乙烯丙烯共聚物(FEP)、四氟乙烯全氟丙烯共聚物、聚偏二氟乙烯等。粘合剂可以以分散体的形式采用诸如涂布或喷涂等本领域已知的各种方法涂布到毡的一侧。接着，通常使毡或毡状稀松布干燥，然后再附上膜。将膜置于粘合剂上，在稍施压力的同时，使粘合剂固化。所得组合体可用于过滤袋。关于用来制造发泡PTFE和PTFE层合过滤材料的方法可见述于下列美国专利4，983，434，4，110，392，3，953，566和4，187，930。
在上述叙述和以下实例中，“DE”型玻璃纤维引为参考，但是其它类型的玻璃纤维在本发明中应用。应用于玻璃纤维的术语“DE”，按照ASTM D578所规定的限定直径范围。所以“DE”型玻璃纤维的直径范围为5．84～6．85μm。它还可以含有各种整理剂并可得自许多供应商。在形成过滤用毡时，通常优选最小直径玻璃纤维，因为这些小直径纤维生产的过滤器更有效。通常，将在制造这类过滤用毡所使用的玻璃纤维直径的下限，限制在尚未发现危害健康的直径尺寸。实际上，诸如“DE”或“H”型玻璃纤维对制造本发明的过滤用毡是有价值的。但是对于人们关心的应用本发明的纤维混合物的其它应用来说，可以选择任何尺寸范围的并经过任何所要求的表面处理的玻璃纤维，这种表面处理对最终用途来说应是耐用和安全的。
以下实例意欲叙述本发明，但并不想限制本发明。
实例
实例1
将3．2dpf和切断长度3″的TEFLON牌PTFE纤维与MIRAFLEX牌双组分玻璃纤维用锯齿粉碎机和空气输送设备混合。采用相同的设备和加工方法将“DE”型玻璃短纤维和PTFE混合，作为对比用。该对比纤维混合物由75wt％的3．2dpf、切断长度3″的PTFE纤维和25wt％的切断长度2″的“DE”型玻璃纤维组成。
制成双组分玻璃纤维、卷曲PTFE纤维和“DE”型玻璃纤维的几种实验用混合纤维，并使混合纤维梳理加工成纤维网。所制纤维混合物如下。所示百分数是占整个纤维混合物的重量百分数。
1．33％／20％／47％ PTFE纤维／双组分玻璃纤维／“DE”型玻璃纤维
2．40％／30％／30％ PTFE纤维／双组分玻璃纤维／“DE”型玻璃纤维
3．40％／20％／40％ PTFE纤维／双组分玻璃纤维／“DE”型玻璃纤维
4．50％／20％／30％ PTFE纤维／双组分玻璃纤维／“DE”型玻璃纤维
对比用纤维混合物是75％ PTFE纤维／25％“DE”型玻璃纤维的混合物。
对比用纤维混合物先通过梳理机梳理以确保梳理系统正常运转。1号纤维混合物可很好地通过梳理机并不需对梳理机进行调整。这三种组分纤维混合物在梳理时微粒散落极低，玻璃纤维断裂量低于对比例。制造了几码毡用来测试。
2号纤维混合物也可进行梳理加工，但是属于加工界限。从这一加工过程显而易见，高含量双组分玻璃纤维的纤维混合物较难以梳理。
3号、4号纤维混合物加工良好，其特性非常类似于1号纤维混合物。用4号纤维混合物生产了几码毡用来测试。
对从1号和4号样品生产的两块毡进行毡的性能和过滤性能测试。两者均提供了优良的过滤性能，并且两者均具有改善的耐磨性。
表样品                                            样品纤维混合物                  对比                  4                     1wt％                       75／25              50／20／30           33／20／47毡性质：未热定型样品毡(g／m2)        475                  547                     486织物单位重量毡面(g／m2)      345                  417                     356稀松布(g／m／2)     130                  130                     130热定型样品毡(g／m／2)      518                  549                      480毡面(g／m／2)      388                  419                      350厚度        mm               1．36                1．66                   2．32密度        g／cm3           0．35                0．33                   0．21耐磨试验：在5N压力下500次240℃热定型2min重量损失％         24．5                13．9                   8．8厚度损失％         100                  50．9                   46．2可见稀松布(次数)         200                  300                     500300／290℃热定型2min，第一系列重量损失％          15．6                14．2                   4．2厚度损失％          52．9                46．7                   26．2可见稀松布(次数)            200                  300                      无300／290℃热定型2min，第二系列重量损失％          15．7                12．3                   6．4厚度损失％          38．5                37．6                   28．4可见稀松布(次数)            200                  200                     500自由收缩率：300℃下1hr未热定型样品M-D／X-D(％)          5／13．5             2／9                    1／4240℃热定型2minM-D／X-D(％)          4／9．5              1／6                    1／2300／290℃热定型2minM-D／X-D(％)          1／2                 0．5／2                 0．5／1
表1(续)样品对比           4            1过滤织物性能：重量g／m2              546           549          486厚度mm                 1．25         1．45        2．00密度／cm2              0．437        0．379       0．243孔径(平均)μm              20．9         20．7        25．8透气性1／dm2／min            210           188          312次数        对比       4       1过滤性能：灰尘         25℃       20         1．14    1．56     5．6渗漏         25℃       60         2．14    2．29     11．4(mg／m3)                100        3．22    3．00     28．1250℃      100+20      5．03     4．42     132灰尘         25℃       20         199      152       440保留         25℃       60         229      192       521(在过滤介质上／中)25℃  100        238      205       561(g／m2)      250℃      100+20     257      273       578试验         25℃       20         4．93    5．7      5．13持续时间     25℃       60 8．     8．89    11．2     8．83(hr)         25℃       100        11．4    14．4     11．5250℃      100+20      19       24．9     16．3
在上表中，下述测试方法用来测定过滤材料的性能：灰尘渗漏按(Verein Deutscher Ingenieure)方法No 3926测定；耐磨按照DIN方法53528，在15N压力下采用500次测定；透气性按照与ISO方法9237相当的DIN方法53887测定。
比较例
将3．2dpf和切断长度3″的TEFLON牌PTFE纤维与MIRAFLEX牌双组分玻璃纤维用锯齿粉碎机和空气输送设备混合。采用相同的设备和加工方法将“DE”型玻璃短纤维和PTFE混合，作为对比用。该对比纤维混合物由75wt％的3．2dpf、切断长度3″的PTFE纤维和25wt％的切断长度2／的“DE”型玻璃纤维组成。制备三种重量比不同的实验用纤维混合物：
5．75％／25％ PTFE纤维／双组分玻璃纤维
6．40％／60％ PTFE纤维／双组分玻璃纤维
7．25％／75％ PTFE纤维／双组分玻璃纤维
对比纤维混合物是75％ PTFE纤维／25％“DE”型玻璃纤维的混合物。
力图对所有四种实验用纤维混合物样品进行梳理并制造毡。这些对比纤维混合物成功地梳理为纤维网。该试验证明所用设备可以正常加工。
这些实验用纤维混合物没有一个能在切实可行的条件下成功地进行梳理。5号纤维混合物需要很低的梳理速度(低于1m／min)才能形成纤维网。6号纤维混合物很膨松，即使用手帮助纤维喂入梳理速度小于1m／min的梳理机，也出现过多双组分玻璃纤维“散落的微粒”。双组分玻璃纤维在梳理期间出现断裂，落到梳理机之外，堆积在设备下面。7号纤维混合物没有喂入梳理机之中。
力图改进梳理系统，以便适于6号纤维混合物的膨松性。虽然对喂料系统和辊速进行了改进，纤维仍难以喂入梳理机中，双组分玻璃纤维“微粒散落”得如此之多，以致于所生产的纤维网所含有的玻璃纤维仅仅为纤维混合物进料中的玻璃纤维的初始重量百分数的一半仅30％。对比例的玻璃纤维／PTFE纤维网中的双组分玻璃纤维的这种唯一可见的改进实际上是不可行的，该对比例制成一种25％“DE”型玻璃纤维网和毡。

Claims (20)

1．一种均匀的可梳理混合纤维，它包括一种双组分玻璃纤维和一种未卷曲纤维，其中未卷曲纤维存在量等于或大于双组分玻璃纤维的存在量。
2．权利要求1的混合纤维，还包括第三种纤维，其中所述纤维是一种卷曲纤维。
3．权利要求1或2的混合纤维，其中未卷曲纤维是玻璃纤维。
4．权利要求2的混合纤维，其中第三种纤维是一种含氟聚合物纤维。
5．权利要求4的混合纤维，其中含氟聚合物纤维选自聚四氟乙烯和聚氟代烷基-乙烯基醚纤维。
6．由权利要求1、2或4的均匀的混合纤维制造的一种均匀的粘结纤维网。
7．由权利要求1、2或4的混合纤维形成的一种毡。
8．权利要求2或4的均匀的混合纤维，其中该混合纤维由约1～30wt％双组分玻璃纤维、约1～60wt％未卷曲纤维、约10～98wt％含氟聚合物纤维组成。
9．权利要求8的混合纤维，其中未卷曲纤维是“DE”型玻璃纤维。
10．形成含有双组分玻璃纤维毡的一种方法，该方法包括：
a)制成包括双组分玻璃纤维和未卷曲纤维的均匀混合纤维，其中未卷曲纤维存在量等于或大于双组分玻璃纤维的存在量；
b)经梳理机加工该纤维形成粘结纤维网；
c)将粘结纤维网交叉铺网，制成交叉铺网纤维毛层；和
d)使该交叉铺网毛层针刺成毡。
11．权利要求10的方法，其中在步骤(d)中，该交叉铺网的毛层针刺到稀松布上制成毡状稀松布。
12．权利要求10的方法，其中在步骤(a)中的混合纤维还包括第三种纤维，其中所述第三种纤维是一种卷曲纤维。
13．权利要求12的方法，其中步骤(a)中的混合纤维包括约1～30wt％双组分玻璃纤维、约1～60wt％未卷曲纤维和约10～98wt％卷曲含氟聚合物纤维。
14．权利要求13的方法，其中在步骤(d)中，该交叉铺网毛层针刺到稀松布上制成毡状稀松布。
15．权利要求14的方法，其中该稀松布含有聚四氟乙烯纤维或聚四氟乙烯纤维和玻璃纤维的混合物。
16．一种包括层状纤维毛层和稀松布的过滤用毡，该层状纤维毛层包括由约1～30wt％双组分玻璃纤维、约1～60wt％未卷曲纤维和约10～98wt％卷曲纤维组成的均匀混合纤维，其中未卷曲纤维的存在量等于或大于双组分玻璃纤维的存在量。
17．权利要求16的过滤用毡，其中未卷曲纤维是一种玻璃纤维，该卷曲纤维选自芳族聚酰胺纤维和含氟聚合物纤维。
18．权利要求17的过滤用毡，其中毛层含有约20wt％双组分玻璃纤维、30～50wt％“DE”型未卷曲玻璃纤维和50～30wt％卷曲的聚四氟乙烯纤维。
19．权利要求16或18的过滤织物，其上面层合多孔的或发泡的含氟聚合物膜。
20．权利要求10、11或14的方法，其中所制成的毡被层合到多孔的或发泡的含氟聚合物膜上。
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US6010785A (en) 2000-01-04
RU2213819C2 (ru) 2003-10-10
US20030003298A1 (en) 2003-01-02
US6468930B2 (en) 2002-10-22
EP1060303B1 (en) 2002-07-03
DE69902010D1 (de) 2002-08-08
CA2319541C (en) 2007-03-20
US6559080B2 (en) 2003-05-06
DE69902010T2 (de) 2003-03-06
CA2319541A1 (en) 1999-09-02
EP1060303A1 (en) 2000-12-20
KR20010041258A (ko) 2001-05-15
AU2760899A (en) 1999-09-15
JP4240811B2 (ja) 2009-03-18
US20020106958A1 (en) 2002-08-08
AU749386B2 (en) 2002-06-27
CN1105201C (zh) 2003-04-09
JP2002505384A (ja) 2002-02-19
ATE220136T1 (de) 2002-07-15
US6151763A (en) 2000-11-28
KR100523312B1 (ko) 2005-10-24
US6365532B1 (en) 2002-04-02
TW473572B (en) 2002-01-21

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