CN1289430C - 混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料 - Google Patents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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Abstract
本发明属建筑材料技术领域，具体涉及一种混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料。由普通硅酸盐水泥、纤维素、聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂、硫铝酸钙、石膏、石灰石粉组成，使用本发明能非常高效率地对混凝土表面由于各种原因引起的微裂缝进行有效修补，从而大幅度改善混凝土的抗渗性、抗化学物质侵蚀性、抗碳化性，延长混凝土建筑物(构筑物)使用寿命。本发明适用于钢筋混凝土、轻集料混凝土、桥梁、建筑、水工和路面等结构物(构筑物)。
Description
技术领域
本发明属建筑材料技术领域，具体涉及一种混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料。
背景技术
水泥混凝土浇注施工后，如果不注意养护，极易产生开裂现象。开裂的原因很多，如塑性收缩、温度收缩、自收缩、干燥收缩、不均匀沉降等。混凝土是一种准脆性材料，其抗拉强度低，韧性差，所以施工和养护不好的混凝土结构中裂缝普遍存在。尽管大多数情况下，混凝土都是带裂承载的，表面上看，似乎裂缝对混凝土性能没有不利影响，但是，如果从混凝土性能劣化的各种原因进行分析，则无一不与裂缝有关。由于裂缝的存在，不仅雨水、冷凝水容易渗入，而且更可怕的是，外界侵蚀性介质，如酸、碱、盐都会随着液、汽渗入混凝土内部，导致产生化学侵蚀，水泥石强度降低，体积稳定性变差。有时充水的混凝土受到冻融循环破坏后，会引起裂缝进一步扩大，甚至导致结构整体胀裂。裂缝对混凝土性能的影响还在于使混凝土内部的钢筋锈蚀破坏加速。钢筋位置离表面只有2-3cm，裂缝往往扩展到钢筋表面，Cl-等接触钢筋表面后，则钢筋会加速锈蚀，这对混凝土的承载力的影响是非常大的。据统计，85％以上建筑物的损坏，不是因为承载超过许用荷载，而是因为开裂和混凝土性能劣化所致。
目前，大量的市政基础工程建设正如火如荼地进行，设计者对其所设定的服役期为100年；老的建筑和构筑物由于表面裂缝的影响正进入需要大力修复的阶段。由于市场上尚没有专门的裂缝修补材料，传统的对裂缝的处理方法只是用普通砂浆抹面或用环氧树脂填缝。众所周知，普通的水泥砂浆不仅自身易开裂，而且保水性差，与基层粘结强度低，抹面施工后很易脱落，导致修补失败；而环氧树脂尽管填缝能力强，但与裂缝壁的粘结能力差，其本身耐老化性也不好，修补效果依然较差。另外，普通水泥砂浆流动性差，也不可能渗入细微裂缝中。因此，开发一种使用方便，保水性、流动性极佳，与裂缝壁粘结强度高，耐高温、耐冻融循环性都很好，且具有一定微膨胀性、抗冲击性的裂缝灌浆修补材料十分重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能有效对混凝土裂缝进行灌浆修补的混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料。
本发明提出的混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料，由普通硅酸盐水泥、纤维素、聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂、硫铝酸钙、石膏、石灰石粉组成，各组份的重量比为：
普通硅酸盐水泥 100
纤维素 0.05-0.53
聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉 0.8-5.2
萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂 0.5-1.0
硫铝酸钙 3.2-6.3
石膏 1.0-2.4
石灰石粉 5-25。
各组份较佳的重量比为：
普通硅酸盐水泥 100
纤维素 0.10-0.45
聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉 1.2-4.2
萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂 0.6-0.9
硫铝酸钙 3.5-4.5
石膏 1.5-2.0
石灰石粉 10-22。
本发明的制备方法是：按前述各重量比例称量各组份，将原料通过物理机械混合并采用球磨机粉磨5-15min，即得到所需产品。
本发明中，普通硅酸盐水泥作为无机胶凝材料，能渗入混凝土细微裂缝中，发生水化反应，产生水化产物，硬化后产生强度，并能与裂缝壁粘结起来，形成整体。纤维素作为保水增稠组份，其作用在于能在水泥浆体中溶胀，产生桥连作用，并通过分子吸附作用将水泥颗粒和石灰石粉颗粒连接在一起，避免颗粒沉降；在浆体流动时，保证浆体成为整体，且不产生泌水现象；纤维素的作用还在于防止浆体中水分被裂缝壁和基层吸收或过度蒸发，从而起到良好的自养护作用。聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉遇水后成为乳液，不仅能增加浆体的稳定性，而且浆体硬化过程中，乳液逐渐干燥失水，聚醋酸乙烯酯分子相互连接，形成一层高分子膜层，增强硬化浆体的韧性和抗冲击性。萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂对水泥浆体具有分散作用，可以增强浆体的流动性，使浆体较顺利地渗入细微裂缝，达到有效的灌浆修补目的。硫铝酸钙为硬化浆体中膨胀产物的形成提供了一定量的铝相。石膏为硬化浆体中膨胀产物的形成提供充足的SO4 2-。石灰石粉的作用在于：一方面成为水泥浆体的骨架；另一方面细小的颗粒能填充在水泥堆积的孔隙内，填充密实了孔隙，有助于增强浆体的强度和密实性，并减小浆体的收缩。
本发明为灰色干细粉状物质，使用时，适宜的加水量为灌浆修补材料重量的15％-45％，具体加水量根据使浆体达到的所需流动性通过试验确定。
本发明作为混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料使用，可有效渗入混凝土裂缝内部，具有优异的流动性和保水性，硬化后与裂纹两壁的粘结强度高，且本身具有一定的韧性和补偿收缩性，耐高温和耐冻融循环能力强，耐久性优异。
本发明对混凝土内部钢筋无锈蚀作用，广泛适用于钢筋混凝土、轻集料混凝土、桥梁、建筑、水工和路面等混凝土结构物(构筑物)裂缝的灌浆修补。
具体实施方式
实施例1，混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料按普通硅酸盐水泥77.46％(重量百分比，下同)，纤维素0.15％，聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉1.94％，萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂0.54％，硫铝酸钙3.10％，石膏1.72％，石灰石粉(250目)15.09％配制而成。当加入占干粉材料25％的水进行搅拌后，产品流动度可达300mm，硬化后28d粘结抗拉强度达3.5MPa，压剪胶结强度达5.2MPa，经7次冻融循环后压剪胶结强度降低率为0％。
实施例2，混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料按普通硅酸盐水泥78.70％，纤维素0.30％，聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉3.15％，萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂0.55％，硫铝酸钙3.30％，石膏1.42％，石灰石粉(250目)12.58％配制而成。当加入占干粉材料30％的水进行搅拌后，产品流动度可达335mm，硬化后28d粘结抗拉强度达4.8MPa，压剪胶结强度达6.7MPa，经10次冻融循环后压剪胶结强度降低率为0％。
Claims (3)
1、一种混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料，其特征在于由普通硅酸盐水泥、纤维素、聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂、硫铝酸钙、石膏、石灰石粉组成，各组份的重量比为：
普通硅酸盐水泥 100
纤维素 0.05-0.53
聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉 0.8-5.2
萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂 0.5-1.0
硫铝酸钙 3.2-6.3
石膏 1.0-2.4
石灰石粉 5-25。
2、根据权利要求1所述的混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料，其特征在于各组份重量比为：
普通硅酸盐水泥 100
纤维素 0.10-0.45
聚醋酸乙烯酯乳胶粉 1.2-4.2
萘磺酸甲醛缩合物减水剂 0.6-0.9
硫铝酸钙 3.5-4.5
石膏 1.5-2.0
石灰石粉 10-22。
3、一种如权利要求1所述混凝土裂缝灌浆修补材料的使用方法，其特征在于加入该材料重量15％-45％的水，搅拌均匀。
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| CN100381389C (zh) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-04-16 | 内蒙古科技大学 | 一种性能可调节的无收缩灌浆料 |
| CN101172833B (zh) * | 2007-10-25 | 2010-10-13 | 王力强 | 一种水泥混凝土表面修复材料 |
| CN101386508B (zh) * | 2008-10-24 | 2011-08-17 | 王可良 | 混凝土裂缝自修复材料的配方及制备工艺 |
| CN101844899B (zh) * | 2010-04-28 | 2012-09-05 | 中国文化遗产研究院 | 填补粘结材料组合物 |
| CN102173708A (zh) * | 2011-02-10 | 2011-09-07 | 乌鲁木齐市建筑建材科学研究院有限责任公司 | 一种无骨料水泥基灌浆材料 |
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| CN107056187B (zh) * | 2017-04-07 | 2019-10-11 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | 一种地下污染环境施工用混凝土 |
| CN109734351A (zh) * | 2019-03-02 | 2019-05-10 | 上海禹夷新材料科技有限公司 | 一种新型丙烯酸盐灌浆料及其制备方法 |
| CN117383882A (zh) * | 2023-09-23 | 2024-01-12 | 中铁二十五局集团第二工程有限公司 | 一种用于抗浮锚杆施工的耐腐蚀锚固体及其施工方法 |
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