CN1288974A - 含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金及其训练方法 - Google Patents

含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金及其训练方法 Download PDF

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CN1288974A
CN1288974A CN00125769A CN00125769A CN1288974A CN 1288974 A CN1288974 A CN 1288974A CN 00125769 A CN00125769 A CN 00125769A CN 00125769 A CN00125769 A CN 00125769A CN 1288974 A CN1288974 A CN 1288974A
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training
shape memory
alloy
base marmem
training method
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CN1128244C (zh
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徐祖耀
陈世朴
万见峰
郭正洪
张骥华
戎咏华
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Emerson Electric China Holdings Co Ltd
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Priority to US10/066,312 priority patent/US20020119069A1/en
Priority to PCT/IB2001/002009 priority patent/WO2002034958A1/en
Priority to AU2002212572A priority patent/AU2002212572A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
    • C21D2201/01—Shape memory effect

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)

Abstract

含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金及其训练方法,配比成分为20—30%Mn,5—6%Si,2—5%Cr,0.10－0.16%N和余量为Fe。训练是在室温下以预应变3.0%或3.5%对试样进行拉伸变形,然后加热各试样至大约600℃并在此温度下保温约10分钟后冷却,其特征是仅需一次至二次训练,就可达到100%形状恢复率。

Description

含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金及其训练方法
本发明涉及的一种形状记忆合金，特别是一种含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金及其训练方法。属于冶金类领域。
发现铁基单晶Fe-30Mn-1Si具有形状记忆效应的20多年以来，多种成分的铁基形状记忆合金，正在逐步进入实际应用阶段。CN1064507A专利是一种低镍铬的Fe-Mn-Si系形状记忆合金，虽然通过训练提高形状记忆合金的恢复率，但需进行三次训练，才能获得100％形状恢复率。经文献检索，未见到与本发明材料有相同或相似的组成成分，亦未有只需一次到二次训练，就可达到100％的形状恢复率的优良性能有关报道。
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金及其训练方法。
本发明的技术方案和实施例介绍如下：铁基形状记忆合金的形状记忆机制是由于不全位错滑移产生的γ(fcc)→ε(hcp)的应力诱发马氏体相变及其逆相变。根据这里所公开的材料形状记忆效应机制的背景，Fe-Mn-Si合金有很低的层错能(几mJ/m2数量级)，所以1/2<110>全位错在{111}fcc面内分解为二个1/6<112>不全位错，其间是层错。在这类合金中，ε(hcp)马氏体可以通过每隔一层的{111}面上这些Shockley不全位错的滑移及层错扩展并堆垛而成。这一相变可以在合金从奥氏体状态淬火到低于Ms(例如0℃左右)的温度时发生，即所谓热诱发马氏体(TIM)相变，或者当它在高于Ms但低于Md的温度被变形时发生，既所谓应力诱发马氏体(SIM)相变。这种材料的形状记忆效应是采用第二种方式实现的，在室温下的奥氏体状态下应变(或变形)以产生SIM，然后加热到高于Af的温度(例如大约600℃)，通过Shockley不全位错的逆向运动(或滑移)或者以前形成的层错收缩，而发生向奥氏体状态的逆转变。与此同时，样品的形状回复到变形以前(奥氏体状态)的形状。其形变过程可分成三个阶段：第一阶段为弹性形变，第二阶段发生ε马氏体相变，第三阶段将产生塑性变形。训练可使母相奥氏体的强度提高，扩大马氏体相变阶段的可恢复形变量，从而提高合金记忆效应。合金化同样可使基体强度提高，以达到扩大马氏体相变阶段的作用。本发明只需要最少次数的反复训练强化母相奥氏体基体来增加第二阶段的可恢复应变量从而改善其形状记忆效应。同时，适当的基体强化元素合金化是从根本上提高所得合金的形状记忆效应的另一途径。所得合金具有优异的形状记忆特性，仅用一次(或者由于成分不同，也许二次)予应变量为3.0～3.5％的热机械训练后就显示了100％的记忆恢复率。本发明在原30％Mn,6％Si，余量为Fe的铁基形状记忆合金基础上，加入适量的Cr和N，配比成分为20-30％Mn,5-6％Si,2-5％Cr,0.10-0.16％N和余量为Fe组成的新型铁基形状记忆合金，既可提高原合金的耐蚀性能，又获得了仅需一次或二次训练，就可达100％的形状恢复率。训练是在室温下以予应变3.0％或3.5％对试样进行拉伸变形，然后加热各试样至大约600℃并在此温度下保温约10分钟后冷却。如果必要，上述过程可反复进行。
实施例：
本合金系列对以下三种合金含量配置，均可达到所提供的技术指标。
1．20％Mn,5.5％Si,5％Cr,0.16％N，余量为Fe。其效应为：3％预应变，一次训练，100％恢复率。
2．25％Mn,5％Si,5％Cr,0.13％N，余量为Fe。其效应为：3％预应变，一次训练，100％恢复率。
3．30％Mn,6％Si,2％Cr,0.10％N，余量为Fe。其效应为：3％预应变，二次训练，100％恢复率。
本发明具有实质性特点和显著进步，该合金成本低，强度高，加工性能好，并具有良好的耐蚀性能。其最主要的特征是仅需一至二次训练，就可达到100％的形状恢复率，适合于制作水管和油管接头，紧固件，连接件等部件，可在各种工业和民用领域中广泛应用。本合金制成的水管接头至少耐静水压至5Mpa无渗漏，通过改进设计，可耐压达50Mpa，并承受0-30Mpa交变水压50万次以上无渗漏。在酸性或碱性介质中的耐腐蚀性能和耐晶间腐蚀性能均优于不锈钢。

Claims (2)

1、一种含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金，主要包括Fe、Mn和Si，其特征在于该合金配比成分为20-30％Mn,5-6％Si,2-5％Cr,0.10-0.16％N和余量为Fe。
2、一种含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金的训练方法，其特征在于训练是在室温下以予应变3.0％或3.5％对试样进行拉伸变形，然后加热各试样至大约600℃并在此温度下保温约10分钟后冷却，仅需一至二次训练，就可达到100％形状恢复率。
CN00125769A 2000-10-26 2000-10-26 含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金及其训练方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1128244C (zh)

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CN00125769A CN1128244C (zh) 2000-10-26 2000-10-26 含Cr和N铁锰硅基形状记忆合金及其训练方法
US10/066,312 US20020119069A1 (en) 2000-10-26 2001-10-25 Iron-manganese-silicon-based shape memory alloys containing chromium and nitrogen
PCT/IB2001/002009 WO2002034958A1 (en) 2000-10-26 2001-10-26 Iron-manganese-silicon-based shape memory alloys containing chromium and nitrogen
AU2002212572A AU2002212572A1 (en) 2000-10-26 2001-10-26 Iron-manganese-silicon-based shape memory alloys containing chromium and nitrogen
US10/873,936 US20040231761A1 (en) 2000-10-26 2004-06-21 Iron-manganese-silicon based shape memory alloys containing chromium and nitrogen

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101215678B (zh) * 2008-01-17 2010-06-09 四川大学 含高温铁素体的免训练铸造铁基形状记忆合金
CN104561918A (zh) * 2014-12-22 2015-04-29 上海交通大学 一种MnFeCu三元反铁磁形状记忆合金薄膜的制备方法
CN114836654A (zh) * 2022-04-08 2022-08-02 华南理工大学 一种等原子比镍钛合金单程形状记忆效应的高效训练方法

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CN100535148C (zh) * 2006-03-10 2009-09-02 江阴职业技术学院 高强度高塑性高阻尼锰基记忆合金及其制备方法
US8409372B1 (en) 2010-09-02 2013-04-02 The United States of America as Represented by the Administraton of National Aeronautics and Space Administration Thermomechanical methodology for stabilizing shape memory alloy (SMA) response

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101215678B (zh) * 2008-01-17 2010-06-09 四川大学 含高温铁素体的免训练铸造铁基形状记忆合金
CN104561918A (zh) * 2014-12-22 2015-04-29 上海交通大学 一种MnFeCu三元反铁磁形状记忆合金薄膜的制备方法
CN104561918B (zh) * 2014-12-22 2017-01-11 上海交通大学 一种MnFeCu三元反铁磁形状记忆合金薄膜的制备方法
CN114836654A (zh) * 2022-04-08 2022-08-02 华南理工大学 一种等原子比镍钛合金单程形状记忆效应的高效训练方法

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US20040231761A1 (en) 2004-11-25
CN1128244C (zh) 2003-11-19

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