CN1273572A - Flares having lighters formed from extrudable igniter compositions - Google Patents
Flares having lighters formed from extrudable igniter compositions Download PDFInfo
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- CN1273572A CN1273572A CN98809886A CN98809886A CN1273572A CN 1273572 A CN1273572 A CN 1273572A CN 98809886 A CN98809886 A CN 98809886A CN 98809886 A CN98809886 A CN 98809886A CN 1273572 A CN1273572 A CN 1273572A
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- fiber
- shell
- star
- star shell
- extruding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C5/00—Fuses, e.g. fuse cords
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C9/00—Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C15/00—Pyrophoric compositions; Flints
Abstract
The present invention relates to flares and other solid propellant devices, rockets or the like, equipped with an igniter or igniter system which is based in whole in part on an extruded igniter stick. The extruded igniter stick is formed from constituents comprising a water-soluble or water-swellable binder, at least one oxidizing agent, at least one fuel, and optionally, fibers.
Description
The present invention relates to extrudable igniter compositions and with star shell or such as rocket the combination of other solid propellant devices extrude priming bar by what said composition obtained.
Igniter compositions should satisfy many standards.But igniter compositions should be enough firm so that kept being operation format before exploitation is treated portfire as star shell or other devices and so on when making.
A kind of igniting system of common proposition is used by B/KNO
3The solid particulate of forming, they cause the composition burn that produces specific gas during igniting.
On the commercial market, development other igniter compositions with low cost or than the igniter compositions that is easier to make are all concentrated in other work recently.These work comprise heat-molten thermoplastic resin matrix with as KNO
3And so on the suggestion of particular ignition agent composition coupling.This work is attempted commercially available hotmelt, for example is the hotmelt of so-called " binder spray " design, combines with common alkali metal oxidising agent.The work of this improvement performance does not reach gratifying degree as yet.Plasticating capacity and ignition characteristic proof are difficult to control, also do not show the desired ballisticperformances that repeats.
Therefore, although done these work and other work, relevant purpose does not reach yet.Still wish to have a kind of simpler, igniter compositions that is used for star shell and phantom target or other devices that cost is cheaper.Particularly, people still make great efforts to provide a kind of do not need so-called hotmelt, therefore exempted easy manufacturing and sufficiently solid igniter compositions with the danger of at high temperature processing the association of fireworks material.
Therefore, provide that can be used as the igniter compositions that can solve the portfire of these problems in this industry satisfactorily should be a very big progress.
The invention provides star shell that one or more disclosed priming bares in this article are set, solid propellant rocket, decoy device etc.
Can extrude portfire is easy to obtain physically very firm product with the low cost manufacturing.Do not use thermoplastic melt or heat-melt-mixing equipment just can make portfire, therefore avoided and the relevant potentially dangerous of processing under heating up.The igniter compositions extruded that can make priming bar is at room temperature suitable to be processed to have fully relatively selectable firing characteristic.Priming bar can have other configurations, and condition is that this configuration is consistent with the disclosed purpose of this specification sheets.Can make solid or hollow igniting " rod " with extruding igniter compositions, this rod can be lighted star shell composition or the propellant compositions in star shell or other fireworks devices.
Fig. 1 illustrates a kind of illustrative longitudinal section star shell (XM212 type star shell), and it comprises with extruding the priming bar that igniter compositions is made.
Fig. 2,3,4 and 5 is the longitudinal section view of star shell, and it is furnished with the priming bar of extruding the igniter compositions manufacturing with disclosed.
Extrude fire rod and be characterised in that to have the configuration that designs for quick deflagration when lighting a fire high temperature. During igniting, fire rod can be lighted another kind of fireworks composition. In flare, such as the XM212 flare, with the size of fire rod be decided to be can as less than 10 milliseconds short time in finish continuously igniting, for example finish flame and change.
The igniter compositions that can be extruded is characterised in that useful binders, water miscible or dispersible oxidant, water miscible or dispersible fuel and the combination of a selected amount of water obtain. Preferably, extrudable composition is substantially even on forming.
Tackiness agent is water-soluble binder preferably, but does not get rid of the water-swellable adhesive material, and condition is that the remaining solid ingredient of portfire enough is distributed in wherein at least basically equably.The representational tackiness agent that uses in this igniter compositions comprises for example water-soluble binder, is based copolymers, natural gum and gelatin as poly--N-V-Pyrol RC, polyvinyl alcohol and their multipolymer, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, with acrylamide or sodium acrylate.These water miscible tackiness agents comprise existing natural gum, for example Mierocrystalline cellulose of guar gum, Sudan Gum-arabic, modification and starch naturally.C.L.Mantell has gone through natural gum at water-soluble gum (The Water-Soluble Gums) in (ReinholdPublishing Corp., nineteen forty-seven), and this article is incorporated herein by reference.Think that now water-soluble binder has improved mechanical properties or the enhanced shatter strength is provided.Although can use in the present invention and the immiscible tackiness agent of water, preferably use usually and fuel that is applicable to the preparation priming mixture and/or the water-soluble binder that oxygenant cooperates.Suitable fuel and oxygenant can be water miscible or water-insoluble.Suitable fuel and oxygenant can be inorganic or organic.
Extrude in the prescription of priming bar in manufacturing, binder concn causes obtaining possessing the extrudate of sufficient mechanical strength.Extrudate as priming bar and so on should be able to keep its shape before igniting, for example keep its integrity.The priming bar of extruding preferably can be accommodated in (insertion) fireworks composition, for example in the hole (for example centre hole) that suitably disposes in propellant compositions, can also pulverize during burning or fragmentation.Usually, tackiness agent can be for example about 2-10% of benchmark (weight) in the dried component in this prescription, more preferably is about 3-7% (weight).Tackiness agent can be by forming more than a kind of adhesive material.
Igniter compositions comprises at least a oxygenant, its preferably water miscible or water dispersible at least.Therefore, oxygenant can be organic or inorganic, although at present preferred inorganic oxidizer.Organic oxidizing agent is dispersible in tackiness agent, therefore can obtain enough uniform igniter compositions, organic oxidizing agent comprises nitric acid amine salt, nitro-compound, nitramine, nitric ether and amine perchlorate, and wherein nitric acid ammonium methyl, perchloric acid methyl amine are illustrative.Other alternative materials comprise RDX and HMX, CL-20 and PETN.Inorganic oxidizer comprises oxidisability ionic species such as nitrate radical, nitrite anions, chlorate anions, perchlorate, Peroxides and Superoxides.These representational inorganic oxidizer are metal nitrate such as saltpetre or strontium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, metal perchlorate such as potassium perchlorate, and metal peroxides, for example strontium peroxide.Usually, the amount of oxygenant guarantees at least a fuel in the oxidation and ignition agent usually effectively, for example can be to be the about 40-90% of benchmark (weight) to do component in this prescription, more preferably is about 70-85% (weight).
If tackiness agent can play a part to make second kind of fuel rather than first kind of fuel in the igniter compositions, igniter compositions can be prepared with additional fuel.These additional fuels comprise powdery metal such as powdered aluminum, zirconium, magnesium and/or titanium; Metal hydride such as zircoium hydride or titanium hydride; So-called metalloid is as dispersive silicon and boron fully in tackiness agent.Water-soluble or water dispersible fuel comprises, for example Guanidinium nitrate, cyano compound, nitramine (RDX and/or HMX), CL-20, tetranitrocarbazol, organic nitro-compound, and if required, can be " multimodal attitude " aspect size-grade distribution.Can add the water-dispersible material that basic average particle size distribution or multimodal attitude distribute, this depends on desired lighting characteristic.
The preferred water-dispersion fuel that uses fine particulate such as Powdered or be ground to enough thin particle, abundant to guarantee to distribute in process of production.The preferred basic at least uniform distribution of extruding in the igniter compositions that is obtaining.Usually, it is Powdered that fuel is, for example 100 microns or the littler micron of 1-30 according to appointment.If necessary, the size range of powdery metal can be less, for example about 1-20 micron, or even littler, for example 1-is about 5 microns.The amount of fuel (except that tackiness agent) for example can be to be the about 5-30% of benchmark (weight) to do component in the prescription, more preferably is about 10-20% (weight).
If necessary, can add reinforce in this priming bar in the past.Use can be strengthened fiber such as the combustible fibre extruding priming bar and can also improve ignition characteristic when suitably selecting reinforce can reach suitable reinforced effects.If necessary, this priming bar and relevant solid propellant thereof can comprise reinforce.Use can be strengthened fiber such as the combustible fibre extruding priming bar and can also improve ignition characteristic when suitably selecting reinforce can reach suitable reinforced effects.The length of fiber is generally short (low aspect ratio) preferably.Adding can extrude fiber in the igniting prescription for example comprise polyolein fiber, tynex, trevira and poly-(2,2 '-(m-phenylene)-5,5-bisbenzimidazole (" PBI ") fiber.Polyolein fiber comprises polyethylene (" PE ") fiber, about 0.005 millimeter or bigger as external diameter, and 0.8 millimeter according to appointment, and the about 3.2 millimeters PE fiber of long 0.1-, the example is the Spectra 900 board polyethylene fibres that Allied-Signal produces.Suitable tynex, nylon 6 fiber for example can have the diameter of suitable selection, as 19 microns, and 1.5 millimeters-Yue 6.4 millimeters of length.Suitable trevira comprises high tenacity polyester fiber, the about 1.5-6.4 millimeter of its length, about 25 microns of suitable diameter.The PBI fiber comprises that length is the fiber of about 0.8-3.2 millimeter.Representational enhancing priming bar and prescription thereof are listed among the embodiment.
For example in whole tackiness agent, reach basic at least uniform distribution, can be easy to obtain the composition of the form of can extruding by tackiness agent, fuel, oxygenant and a selected amount of water being mixed for some time so that fuel (if use) and oxygenant.A kind of method relates to water-soluble binder mixed with selected water gaging and obtains pre-composition, again with pre-composition and (a) fuel before this, after be oxygenant, or (b) oxygenant before this, after be fuel, or (c) oxygenant and fuel merge mixing.It is extrudable that the water yield generally makes the product that obtains have, but the denseness of preferably not trickling.In principle, can use relatively large water, but some production problems may occur, increase comprising the waste water that contains different amount fireworks materials (fuel, oxygenant etc.).
So the igniter compositions of producing can be extruded and obtain desired physical geometry.
Priming bar can be used in combination with solid propellant rocket or other devices that need light solid propellant.Other device comprises star shell without limitation.In suitable star shell, pusher star shell is well known to those skilled in the art, and wherein the MJU-10 star shell is an illustration.Other star shells, as M-206 star shell (they can or cannot Spectral matching), or the near infrared star shell, as M-278 type star shell, also all be fit to be used in combination with one or more priming bares.Suitable star shell is not limited to above-mentioned MJU-10, M-206 or M-278 star shell.For example, 2.75 inches (diameter of section) star shells of so-called standard comprising the visible illumination bullet, are fit at least one priming bar of configuration.Non--commercial star shell remodeling the kind of standard illuminants bullet as M-257 type star shell, also is fit to the one or more priming bares of configuration.Advantageously, this priming bar has reduced cost, has reduced the production time, has also simplified the design of star shell, comprising the drive-in star shell ignition system as MJU-10 star shell and so on.Can use priming bar in many decoy device, decoy device comprises that configuration is used for defending invasion and threatens, and particularly defends the phantom target star shell of heat-seeking missile.One or more priming bares can also can improve the security of producing star shell by avoiding using combustible solvent commonly used when using conventional detonators by reducing the reliability that unsuitable detonating primer improves the star shell igniting.Chemical technology encyclopaedia (Encylopedia of ChemicalTechnology) 20:680-697 (the 4th edition, 1996) in described and be used for the suitable star shell and/or the star shell composition that cooperate with at least a priming bar, comprising listed reference in the literary composition, this article full content is introduced in this specification sheets for reference.
Priming bar can with the solid propellant launch vehicle of large-size, for example solid propellant rocket uses together.In these big complicated systems, the part of priming bar as ignition system for example can be used as conduction starter or starting ignition conduction in the fireworks burning train.Can dispose at least one priming bar and be included in " solid-rocket propelling technology " (Solid Rocket Propulsion Technology) (Pergamon press as the solid propellant rocket of at least a portion in the ignition system, first version, 1993) and " rocket propulsion element " (Rocket PropulsionElements) (Wiley Interscience, the 4th edition, 1976) middle those rockets of describing, its whole disclosures are listed in this specification sheets as a reference.The Jane handbook of knowing has been described suitable star shell and other solid puopulsion units that are used with priming bar.
Usually at " polymer science and engineering encyclopedia " (Encyclopedia of PolymerScience and Engineering) 16,570-631 (second edition, 1996) described and extruded and extrudate, comprising listed reference in the literary composition, this article full content is listed in this specification sheets as a reference.
Fig. 1 is denoted as the known star shell of XM212 star shell with the formal specification of sectional view.From the longitudinal cross-section, shell is the suitable pressurized vessel made from steel or other materials that can be used in the star shell application.Cartridge 18 can have ventilating hood 17.Limit a blind end with front shroud 19.The end opposite of XM212 star shell comprises bonnet 12, space bar 13, ignition system 15, protective guard 10 and the piston 11 of band portfire.In preferred embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, it can be solid or hollow solidifying (extruding) priming bar 16, and this priming bar vertically passes through propellant charge along stretching (all or part of).By the above-mentioned igniter compositions of extruding is extruded, allow this extrudate solidify, again it is inserted propellant charge (preferably before it solidifies) and can produce priming bar.Selected propellant compositions 14 is around priming bar.If necessary, can be in the hollow dots lighted torch, so-called quick detonation rope vertically is being installed, for example as the detonation rope of loose tubing.Although undeclared, if desired, can use more than one priming bar.
Fig. 2-5 shows star shell shell cross section " diameter " view of band propelling agent and priming bar.In Fig. 2 section of diameter view, before the propelling agent 24 of packing into, if necessary, the sponge layer 22 (for example foam nitrocotton back boxing) that can have one deck to spray on star shell shell 28 is surperficial within it.Centre hole 26 with pre-selected geometrical shape entangle hollow dots lighted torch 20 (on end view, sandstone natural gum (quargum) tackiness agent/B/KNO for example
3).
In Fig. 3 section of diameter view, star shell shell 38 propelling agent 34 of having packed into also is furnished with the hollow dots lighted torch 36 of positioned centrally.Be determined on a case-by-case basis, can dispose additional solid or hollow dots lighted torch 32.
In Fig. 4 section of diameter view, packed into the moulding hole with pre-selected geometrical shape of propelling agent 44 and positioned centrally of star shell shell 48.Center positioning hole can have a priming bar 42 and several priming bar 46 (being banded) that is arranged radially in the slit that leaves the hole.These priming bares are installed in the slit, and preferably non-loosely is installed in the slit.
In Fig. 5 section of diameter view, star shell shell 58 has been adorned propelling agent 54, has a plurality of axial openings in the priming bar of positioned centrally.
If desired, priming bar can be installed strippable overcoat/sleeve pipe before being inserted into propellant charge.Like this can be in process of production or the protection of the memory period before using priming bar.
Before propellant charge solidifies, preferably priming bar is inserted wherein.
Disclose igniter compositions in the common unsettled US complete application No.____ that submitted on July 21st, 1998, whole disclosure is listed in this specification sheets as a reference.
Following non-limiting example further describes the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Add (78%) 35 micron saltpetre of 1170 grams and 105 gram (7%) Cytec Cyanamer toward one gallon of Baker-Perkins star mixing tank
N-300 board polyacrylamide (15,000,000MW).Then, these components mixed 1 minute a little with drying regime.In this mixture, add 217.5 grams (per hundred portions of priming mixtures are filled a prescription 14.5 parts) water, remix 5 minutes.Scrape mixing oar and tempering tank inwall with Velostat (conductive plastics) spatula, then remix is 15 minutes.In the white thick paste that obtains, add 225 gram (15%) amorphous boron powders (purity 90-92%), mixed a little 5 minutes.After putting on the protective clothing of approval, " strickling " blade and groove once more by hand, this prescription remix 10 minutes.The brown dough material that obtains is made-4 order particles, and is sent in the Haake25 millimeter single screw extrusion machine.The igniting prescription is extruded by 12 star die heads its maximum diameter 0.33 ", minimum diameter 0.30 ".Die head comprises that central diameter is 0.08 " die-pin, therefore obtain hollow bar-shaped configuration.It is " long that the igniting prescription of extruding is cut into 7.Before the drying, diameter is 0.07 ", length is 7.5 ".Teledyne RDC (fast detonation rope) is inserted diameter 0.08 " the hole in.Priming bar spends the night in dry at 165 °F.Detected priming bar, to estimate the priming bar performance in inflator, this inflator is passenger's automatic safe bag design at one's side.The priming bar working condition is satisfactory.
Embodiment 2
Prepare one group of priming bar prescription of extruding, this prescription contains boron, saltpetre, water-soluble binder and looks particular case and the fortifying fibre that exists.These prescriptions are listed in table 1.At first with 10 grams, then with 30 gram amount mixing formulas, so that measure their sensitivity (Table II) to the stimulation that comprises collision, friction, static discharge and heat.Usually, with the hydrocarbon polymer be the tackiness agent sensitivity that friction has maximum for ABL of main component.The prescription that contains methylcellulose gum as tackiness agent, guar gum, Viscogum BE also can be used for preparing priming bar.
In product holder Baker-Perkins star mixing tank, mix remaining prescription with 325 gram amounts.Dried a little mixed 1 minute of saltpetre and corresponding water-soluble binder.In this blend, add the water (Table III) of respective amount, allow this slurry mix again 5 minutes.As embodiment 1, " strickling " groove and blade.At this moment, add fiber toward fibrous prescription, this dough remix 5 minutes.Before adding boron, all remix 10 minutes of filling a prescription all.At this moment the boron that adds half then mixed 5 minutes again.Add remaining boron then, then remix is 5 minutes.In the end " strickling " afterwards, prescription remix 10 minutes.The brown dough material that obtains is made-4 order particles, and deliver in the Haake25 millimeter single screw extrusion machine.The priming bar prescription is extruded by 12 star die heads, its maximum diameter 0.33 ", minimum diameter 0.305 ".Die head comprises that the positioned centrally diameter is 0.08 " die-pin.It is " long that the igniting prescription of extruding is cut into 7.Before the drying, diameter is 0.07 ", length is 7.5 ".Insert Teledyne RDC (detonation rope fast)." 10 of the length of extruding 2 again.Priming bar is 165 dried overnight.
The important factor of measuring useful when prescription comprises the quality of dry back propellant charge, as the actual performance and the rate of drying of priming mixture.Some prescriptions KNO may occur when drying
3Ooze out grain surface with the mixture of tackiness agent.Do not wish to infiltrate in the hole.Containing tragacanth gum, Cyanamer
A-370 and Cyanamer
The leaching degree is minimum in the prescription of P-21 (Table III).By containing Cyanamer
A-370 and Cyanamer
The evaluation result of the priming bar that the prescription of P-21 is made satisfies the requirement of inflator device.Calculate respectively and contain Cyanamer
N-300, Cyanamer
P-21 and Cyanamer
The corresponding drying rate of A-370 prescription is 10: 1.7: 1.Therefore, show and contain Cyanamer
The prescription of A-370 is dry soon, KNO
3Ooze out minimumly, obtain to light with the minimum degree ignition delay propellant charge of gas resultant.
Importantly development is used for the priming bar of extruding of star shell and other solid puopulsion units, and in the military service process before disposing, they should be able to bear many decades and shake and vibrate.Therefore, developed the durability test method of extruding priming bar.Use is applied to span intermediary load and has carried out endurance test with 3-point bend mode.Because tension force, compression and shear-stress all exist, so will select bending.In addition, sample structure is suitable for this type load.Use 1.5 inches spans, use 1/8 to 1/4 inch diameter blind nail applying load.Apply 0.7 pound of specified preload.Then, make sample bear 1000 duty cycle under the following conditions: 0.003 inch of cycle amplitude, 10 hertz of frequencies.After circulating load, with per minute be 0.2 inch the rate travel test sample to the fracture.Under load-moving curve, report the weather resistance of every kind of sample with area.For simplicity, gauged unit of unit (load pound-Li, displacement mil).Therefore, the weather resistance unit of report is mil-pound.All tests are all carried out under laboratory environment temperature (75 ° ± 5).The endurance test result shows the prescription of lighting a fire of extruding that contains fiber, and for example prescription # 13 and #15 have high-durability in the Table III.
Table I
For water is extruded designed igniting formulation Example
1Cyanamer is the registered trademark of Cytec Industries Inc. polyacrylamide particular polymers, sodium polyacrylate or its multipolymer.
| Prescription # | ???％KNO 3 | % boron | Tackiness agent | The % tackiness agent | Fiber | The % fiber |
| ????1 | ???78.00 | ????15.00 | ????Cyanamer N-300 1 | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????2 | ???77.50 | ????15.50 | Methylcellulose gum | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????3 | ???76.30 | ????16.70 | ????Cyanamer A-370 | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????4 | ???77.80 | ????15.20 | ????Cyanamer P-21 | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????5 | ???78.00 | ????15.00 | ????Cyanamer N-300LMW | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????6 | ???76.50 | ????16.50 | Tragacanth gum | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????7 | ???76.50 | ????16.50 | Viscogum BE | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????8 | ???76.50 | ????16.50 | Kuteera gum | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????9 | ???78.00 | ????15.00 | ??????PAM?10000MW | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????10 | ???76.50 | ????16.50 | Guar gum, FG-1, H.V | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????11 | ???77.00 | ????16.00 | Gelatin, ox-hide | ????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????12 | ???78.50 | ????12.50 | ?????Cyanamer N-300 | ?????7 | The C fiber | ????2.00 |
| ????13 | ???78.50 | ????12.50 | ?????Cyanamer N-300 | ????7.00 | The C fiber | ????2.00 |
| ????14 | ???78.50 | ????12.50 | ?????Cyanamer N-300 | ????7.00 | ????SiC | ????2.00 |
| ????15 | ???75.70 | ????14.50 | ?????Cyanamer N-300 | ????6.80 | ?saffil Type | ????2.00 |
Table II
Extrude the security feature of igniting prescription
1-unit is centimetre.2-unit is a pound.
| Prescription # | Tackiness agent | Fiber | ????ABL | ????ABL?Sliding |
| ????1 | ???Cyanamer N-300 | Do not have | ????80GL | ???800@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????2 | Methylcellulose gum | Do not have | ????6.9GL | ???240@6?ft/s?YL |
| ????3 | ???Cyanamer A-370 | Do not have | ????21GL | ???800@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????4 | ???Cyanamer P-21 | Do not have | ????21GL | ???800@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????6 | Tragacanth gum | Do not have | ????21GL | ???320@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????7 | Viscogum BE | Do not have | ????13GL | ???180@6?ft/s?YL |
| ????8 | Kuteera gum | Do not have | ????21GL | ???240@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????9 | ????PAM?10000MW | Do not have | ????41GL | ???800@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????10 | Guar gum, FG-1 | Do not have | ????11GL | ???100@6?ft/s?YL |
| ????11 | Gelatin, ox-hide | Do not have | ????33GL | ???800@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????12 | ???Cyanamer N-300 | The C fiber, Fortafil F5C | ????33GL | ???800@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????13 | ???Cyanamer N-300 | The C fiber, Pyrograph TMIII | ????41GL | ???800@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????14 | ???Cyanamer -300 | SiC must be brilliant, Silar | ????41GL | ???800@8?ft/s?GL |
| ????15 | ???Cyanamer -300 | ?????Saffil Type590 | ????51GL | ???420@8?ft/s?GL |
Table III
Extrude the test-results of priming bar
1 to be added to umber 2 units that list-screw rod extruded effectively finish required water with respect to 100 parts are mil-pounds.3 by six or more 0.33 " OD, 0.88 " ID, 2 " the L priming bar determines the percentage ratio of plugging hole.4 No. 9 the prescription extrusion performance is not fine.Embodiment 3
| Prescription # | Adhesives I D | Compound ID | Water 1 | Weather resistance 2 | Hole plug % 3 |
| ????1 | ????Cyanamer N-300 | Do not have | ????14.5 | ????55 | ????100 |
| ????3 | ????Cyanamer A-370 | Do not have | ????12.5 | ????40 | ????9 |
| ????4 | ????Cyanamer P-21 | Do not have | ????11.5 | ????34 | ????45 |
| ????5 | ????Cyanamer N-300LMW | Do not have | ????14.5 | ????69 | ????100 |
| ????6 | Tragacanth gum | Do not have | ????19 | ????32 | ????33 |
| ????8 | Kuteera gum | Do not have | ????14.5 | ????25 | ????100 |
| ????9 | ??????PAM?10000MW 4 | Do not have | ????14 | ????NA | ????NA |
| ????11 | Gelatin, ox-hide | Do not have | ????10.5 | ????44 | ????100 |
| ????12 | ?????Cyanamer N-300 | The C fiber | ????16.5 | ????69 | ????100 |
| ????13 | ?????Cyanamer N-300 | The C fiber | ????16.5 | ????97 | ????83 |
| ????14 | ?????Cyanamer N-300 | SiC must be brilliant | ????17.5 | ????51 | ????100 |
| ????15 | ?????Cyanamer -300 | ?Saffil Type | ????15.5 | ????94 | ????100 |
As being seen by Table IV, prepare one group of priming mixture that contains fiber, purpose is to improve the weather resistance of extruding priming bar.All prescriptions have favourable security feature.Each prescription sample (325 gram) mixes in Baker-Perkins product holder mixing tank for 13.5 parts with per 100 parts of water.Doing mixed KNO
3And Cyanamer
Behind the A-370 1 minute, add water, then mixed 5 minutes.Add fiber then at twice and divide three times and add boron, mixed 3 minutes after reinforced each.In the end " strickling " afterwards, prescription remix 10 minutes.The doughy material of the brown that obtains is made-4 order particles, is sent in Haake25 millimeter list-screw extrusion press again.The priming mixture prescription is extruded by 12 star die heads, and its maximum diameter is 0.33 " and minimum diameter 0.305 ".This die head comprises that the diameter of positioned centrally is 0.15 " die-pin.It is " long that the igniting prescription of extruding is cut into 7.It is " long to extrude other 10 2.Priming bar is 165 dried overnight.
Priming mixture powder column outside is without any KNO after drying
3The sign that/tackiness agent oozes out.Employing is in powder column 0.15, and " cigarette of the ES013 fuse primer in ID hole is annotated and is lighted powder column.The priming mixture powder column is placed in the cylinder anchor clamps of 0.4 " ID, 0.49 " wall, and these anchor clamps have about 95 0.109 " ID holes that are evenly distributed along its length and diametric(al) Drilling.With fuse primer light after flame list in the Table V to powder column opposite end required time from front end.With 1000 frames/second TV minute.Usually, only need several milliseconds.As described in embodiment 2, " the weather resistance of long powder column of having measured 2.The results are shown in Table V.Up to the present, the prescription that contains 2% polyethylene fibre has maximum weather resistance." RDC's #3 and #19 igniting powder column in hole lights a fire with inserting 0.15 with filling a prescription.The prescription # 19 of band polyethylene fibre caused the minimum delay before lighting the fireworks composition.
Table IV
Contain Cyanamer
The igniting prescription of A-370 and selection fiber
| Prescription | ??％KNO 3 | % boron | ?％Cyanamer A-370 | Fiber ID | The % fiber |
| ????3 | ??76.30 | ???16.70 | ???????7.00 | Do not have | ????0.00 |
| ????16 | ??76.70 | ???14.30 | ???????7.00 | ??Pyrograph TMIII，Micro | ????2.00 |
| ????17 | ??74.80 | ???16.20 | ???????7.00 | ??Saffil Type590，Micro | ????2.00 |
| ????18 | ??74.80 | ???16.20 | ???????7.00 | ????Nextel 1/8″Ceramic | ????2.00 |
| ????19 | ??77.20 | ???13.80 | ???????7.00 | ??Allied，Spectra?900，1/8″ | ????2.00 |
| ????20 | ??76.50 | ???14.50 | ???????7.00 | ????Celanese?1/8″PBI | ????2.00 |
Table V
The test-results that may extrude priming mixture that contains fiber is compiled
1Prescription 3 with powder column of 0.125 " ID rather than specified 0.15 " ID.
27 " the flame front arrival end opposite required times of at one end lighting on the powder column.This time is several milliseconds.As these data of acquisition as described in the embodiment 3.
3Identical as footnote 1, but in the end opposite cured epoxy resin that begins to light a fire " the ID hole of sealing 0.15.
4Unit is mil-pound.
| Prescription | Fiber ID | Igniting | Igniting | Weather resistance 3 | Coefficient |
| ????3 | Do not have | ????2 | ????2 | ????96 | ????39 |
| ????3 1 | There is not 0.125 " ID | ????9 | ????8 | ????101 | ????25 |
| ????16 | ??????Pyrograph TMIII，Micro | ????5 | ????65 | ????39 | |
| ????17 | ??????Saffil Type590，Micro | ????1 | ????107 | ????4 | |
| ????18 | ????????Nextel 1/8″Ceramic | ????3 | ????76 | ????69 | |
| ????19 | ??????Allied，Spectra?900，1/8″ | ????17 | ????1 | ????357 | ????17 |
| ????20 | ????????Celanese?1/8″PBI | ????13 | ????126 | ????22 |
In prescription 16,17,18,19 or 20, " fiber ID " available carbon fiber, sapphire whisker, aluminosilicate, polyethylene and polybenzimidazole respectively characterizes.
Embodiment 4
By with guar gum (5.0% (weight), 0.25 gram) and water (deionized water, 15.0% (weight), 1.75 gram) make pre-composition, with premixture and saltpetre (about 26 microns of mean particle size, 75% (weight), 3.75 gram) merge, and add fuel inward, boron is (amorphous; 20.0% (weight), 1.00 grams), can obtain extruding igniter compositions.
Embodiment 5
As embodiment 4, obtain to extrude igniter compositions, but be to use 20.0% (weight) water.
Embodiment 6
Obtain extruding igniter compositions as embodiment 4, but the amount of fuel, boron is increased to 22.0% (weight) (1.10 gram), the amount of tackiness agent, guar gum is reduced to 3.0% (weight) (0.15 gram).
Embodiment 7
Make according to the program of embodiment 4 and can extrude igniter compositions, but tackiness agent is polyacrylamide (cyanamer " N-300 " that U.S. Cyanamid company produces, 5.0% (weight), 0.25 gram).
By (14 restrain saltpetre (210 gram) and polyacrylamide, the cyanamer " N-300 " that U.S. Cyanamid company produces) is added in the groove, past this groove adds water (44.8 gram) and mixed 1 minute, it is (amorphous to add boron more inward, 56.0 gram), then mixed about 4 minutes, preparation can be extruded the priming mixture mixture.
Embodiment 9
Preparation can be extruded igniter compositions as embodiment 8, but the water yield is 50.4 grams, at first with saltpetre with tackiness agent is dried mixes, add water mixing 1 minute again.Add powdery boron then, continue to mix 4 minutes.
Embodiment 10
Igniter compositions according to embodiment 8 preparations is granulated, and drying is pressed into 1/2 inch of diameter again, grows 1 inch ball.Then, seal all faces of this ball, but except face, at 1000,2000 and 3000 pounds/inch
2Airtight pressurizing vessel in, burn by lighting untight face.Observe combustionvelocity and be respectively 4.16 inch per seconds, 4.32 inch per seconds, 4.42 inch per seconds.
The igniter compositions that will wet as the part of preparation as described in the embodiment 9 is placed in the 2 inches diameter plunger type extruder and forces it to pass through suitable die head, with the about 0.3 inch cylinder extrudate of the diameter that obtains center drilling, and about 0.06 inch of the diameter in hole.This extrudate carries out the part drying, be cut into 7 inches long after, carry out final drying again.Then, the priming bar that obtains is tested in the device that produces gas, and this device is made of the tubular metal cylinder, 8 inches of its body lengths, about 2 inches of diameter, closed at both ends, configuration radial port.A blind end also is furnished with the startup fuse primer.Priming bar is retained in the center of pipe, and 7 inches long quick detonation rope (RDC) is placed in the centre hole of rod.Then the material of the ball that produces gas is put into the device that produces gas, and in airtight groove, test.Obtain the result similar to adopting conventional burning train with priming bar, the open-porous metal pipe in the conventional burning train is equipped with the priming charge of same quantity, and RDC replaces priming bar/RDC combination.In all cases, observe the ball that produces gas and igniting in 8 milliseconds, occurs.
With 20% boron, 75% saltpetre, 5%Cytec Cyanamer
N-300 board polyacrylamide (15,000,000 molecular weight) and 17.5% (weight) water make 2 part of 50 gram mixture.Mixture reinstalls 2.0 inches plunger type extruders of diameter after merging.Plunger type extruder is pressurized to 300 pounds/inch
2, extrude priming bar.Originally igniter compositions extrudes 0.100 inch solid bar of diameter, also extrudes 0.100 inch of diameter and has the priming bar of 0.030 inch centre hole of diameter.Priming bar is cut into 6 inches long, uses preceding 135 dried overnight.The priming bar of center drilling successfully is verified in XM-212 phantom target star shell.Produce two kinds of XM 212 powder columns.A kind ofly have traditional slurry detonating primer, another kind has the priming bar of three center drillings.Fig. 1 represents to have the star shell structure of priming bar.
The primary ignition system that equally priming bar is added MJU-10 phantom target star shell.The MJU-10 star shell need be bigger than XM-212 star shell ignition system.Therefore, the igniting prescription is extruded by 12 star die heads, and the maximum diameter of this die head is 0.33 inch, and minimum diameter is 0.30 inch.Extrusion die also comprises and is used for 0.80 inch diameter die-pin of production center perforate powder column.Extrude priming bar and be cut into 5.0 inches long, then 135 dryings 24 hours.Again priming bar is inserted in the MJU-10 star shell propellant charge centre hole.The MJU-10 star shell is successfully lighted a fire with priming bar.
Consider afore-mentioned, priming bar can reduce cost, reduces the production time, simplify pusher MJU-10 star shell design of ignition system.
Consider the situation of embodiment, priming bar can be used for a large amount of phantom target star shell devices.They help by reducing the reliability that unsuitable detonating primer improves the star shell igniting, simultaneously by avoiding combustible solvent commonly used when using conventional detonators to improve the security of producing star shell.
Claims (9)
1, a kind ofly comprises shell, is contained in propelling agent in the described shell, is used to light the star shell of the ignition system of described propelling agent, described ignition system comprises the seed element of extruding that is installed in the described propelling agent, and the described seed element of extruding is by containing water-soluble or water-dispersible adhesive, at least a oxygenant, at least a fuel and looking particular case and the component of the fiber that exists is made.
2, according to the star shell of claim 1, wherein tackiness agent comprises at least a in poly--N-V-Pyrol RC, polyvinyl alcohol or its multipolymer, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate or the natural gum.
3, according to the star shell of claim 1 or 2, wherein tackiness agent comprises at least a polyacrylamide or at least a natural gum.
4, according to each star shell among the claim 1-3, wherein said oxygenant is to exist with respect to being used to prepare described this quantity of the about 40-90% of dried component (weight) of extruding igniter compositions.
5, according to each star shell among the claim 1-4, wherein said oxygenant comprises organic oxidizing agent.
6, according to each star shell among the claim 1-5, wherein said oxygenant contains at least a ionic species that is selected from nitrate, nitrite, oxymuriate, perchlorate, superoxide and surpasses oxide compound.
7, according to each star shell among the claim 1-6, the wherein said seed element of extruding contains fiber.
8, according to each star shell among the claim 1-7, wherein said fiber comprises polyolein fiber, tynex, trevira or poly-(2,2 ' (m-phenylene)-5, at least a fiber in the 5-bisbenzimidazole fiber.
9, according to the star shell of claim 1, wherein (a) tackiness agent comprises at least a in poly--N-V-Pyrol RC, polyvinyl alcohol or its multipolymer, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate or the natural gum; (b) described oxygenant to be existing with respect to this quantity of the about 40-90% of dried component (weight) that is used to prepare described seed element, and described oxygenant contains at least a nitrate, nitrite, oxymuriate, perchlorate, superoxide and the ionic species above oxide compound of being selected from; (c) the described seed element of extruding contains by polyolein fiber, tynex, trevira or poly-(2,2 ' (m-phenylene)-5, the low aspect ratio fiber of at least a composition in the 5-bisbenzimidazole fiber.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US5750197P | 1997-09-04 | 1997-09-04 | |
| US60/057,501 | 1997-09-04 | ||
| US09/119,518 US6170399B1 (en) | 1997-08-30 | 1998-07-21 | Flares having igniters formed from extrudable igniter compositions |
| US09/119,518 | 1998-07-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1273572A true CN1273572A (en) | 2000-11-15 |
| CN100537492C CN100537492C (en) | 2009-09-09 |
Family
ID=26736572
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB988098865A Expired - Fee Related CN100537492C (en) | 1997-09-04 | 1998-07-22 | Flares having lighters formed from extrudable igniter compositions |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1015401B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4057779B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100545187B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100537492C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU750304B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9812622A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2302359C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69828068T2 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL134859A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999011587A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102320906A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-01-18 | 湖北三江航天江河化工科技有限公司 | A kind of amides auxiliary agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110325814A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2019-10-11 | 巴泰勒纪念研究所 | Self-luminescent material, tracer ammunition and lighting device |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7469640B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2008-12-30 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Flares including reactive foil for igniting a combustible grain thereof and methods of fabricating and igniting such flares |
| EP2305624B1 (en) * | 2009-10-01 | 2017-09-27 | Maxamcorp Holding, S.L. | Self-degradable explosive device |
| US10557696B2 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2020-02-11 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Self-glowing materials and tracer ammunition |
| JP7379142B2 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2023-11-14 | 株式会社トクヤマ | Metal nitride manufacturing method, igniter and igniter molded body |
| JP7312690B2 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2023-07-21 | 株式会社トクヤマ | Method for producing metal nitride, and ignition agent compact |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB566786A (en) * | 1941-06-13 | 1945-01-15 | Hugh Charles Hebard | Improvements in or relating to fuzes for bombs, projectiles and the like |
| CH240427A (en) * | 1943-05-28 | 1945-12-31 | Siefvert & Fornander Ab | Ignition means. |
| US2416639A (en) * | 1944-07-08 | 1947-02-25 | Ensign Bickford Co | Slow-burning powder composition |
| US3257801A (en) * | 1962-07-09 | 1966-06-28 | North American Aviation Inc | Pyrotechnic composition comprising solid oxidizer, boron and aluminum additive and binder |
| US3338764A (en) * | 1965-08-19 | 1967-08-29 | Du Pont | Flexible detonating compositions containing high explosives and polymeric metallocarboxylates |
| GB1231181A (en) * | 1967-05-05 | 1971-05-12 | ||
| US3644602A (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1972-02-22 | Fmc Corp | Process for producing trialkyl phosphates |
| DE1771943C2 (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1975-03-27 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Ignition kit for propellants and rocket propellants |
| ZA734400B (en) * | 1973-06-28 | 1975-02-26 | African Explosives & Chem | Improvements in the manufacture of safety fuse |
| US4220087A (en) * | 1978-11-20 | 1980-09-02 | Explosive Technology, Inc. | Linear ignition fuse |
| DE3243425A1 (en) * | 1982-11-24 | 1984-05-24 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München | Igniter for propellant charges |
| SE460848B (en) * | 1987-09-29 | 1989-11-27 | Bofors Ab | SET TO MAKE PYROTECHNICAL PRE-DRAWING AND RUNNING KITS |
| DE9416123U1 (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1994-12-08 | Buck Chem Tech Werke | Pyrotechnic pest control device |
| US5540154A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-07-30 | Oea Aerospace, Inc. | Non-pyrolizing linear ignition fuse |
| US5610364A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-03-11 | Thiokol Corporation | Nozzle plug for plume enhancement in a kinematic flare |
-
1998
- 1998-07-22 BR BR9812622-9A patent/BR9812622A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-07-22 WO PCT/US1998/015064 patent/WO1999011587A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-07-22 EP EP98936941A patent/EP1015401B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-22 CN CNB988098865A patent/CN100537492C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-22 DE DE69828068T patent/DE69828068T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-22 IL IL13485998A patent/IL134859A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-22 CA CA002302359A patent/CA2302359C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-22 KR KR1020007002312A patent/KR100545187B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-22 JP JP2000508631A patent/JP4057779B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-22 AU AU85775/98A patent/AU750304B2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102320906A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-01-18 | 湖北三江航天江河化工科技有限公司 | A kind of amides auxiliary agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN110325814A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2019-10-11 | 巴泰勒纪念研究所 | Self-luminescent material, tracer ammunition and lighting device |
| CN110325814B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2022-07-22 | 巴泰勒纪念研究所 | Self-luminous material, tracer ammunition and lighting device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2003524743A (en) | 2003-08-19 |
| DE69828068T2 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
| JP4057779B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
| CN100537492C (en) | 2009-09-09 |
| IL134859A0 (en) | 2001-05-20 |
| DE69828068D1 (en) | 2005-01-13 |
| CA2302359A1 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
| KR100545187B1 (en) | 2006-01-24 |
| EP1015401A1 (en) | 2000-07-05 |
| EP1015401B1 (en) | 2004-12-08 |
| AU8577598A (en) | 1999-03-22 |
| AU750304B2 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
| KR20010023660A (en) | 2001-03-26 |
| IL134859A (en) | 2004-02-08 |
| BR9812622A (en) | 2000-08-22 |
| WO1999011587A1 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
| CA2302359C (en) | 2006-10-24 |
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