CN1272300A - Nutrient injection for apple tree and its preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

A composition of nutrient injection for apple tree is formed from (wt%) 1-5% of gelatin, 6-10% of cane sugar, 10-14% of urea, 5-9% of ferrous sulfate, 7-11% of zinc sulfate, 1-3% of borax and 57-61% of water, and its preparation method includes the following steps: adding water into gelatin to make hydrolysis, adding ferrous sulfate to implement chelation reaction, then adding cane sugar, urea, zinc sulfate and borax, fully dissolving them, regulating pH value to about 2.2 so as to obtain the invented product integrating underground application and foliage fertilization into one whole with obvious effects of preventing and controlling fruit tree diseases, strengthening tree body and raising fruit yield by adopting trunk injection method.

Description

Nutrient injection for apple tree and method for making thereof

The present invention relates to a kind of control that is used for the non-infectious disease that apple tree causes because of nutritional deficiency, and reach and improve fruit quality, nutrient injection of increasing both production and income purpose and preparation method thereof belongs to injection-type liquid nutritional chemical fertilizer manufacturing technology field.

At present China much produces fruit district, particularly apple orchard, because soil lacks iron, zinc and other trace element, causes the fruit tree non-infectious disease, causes fruit tree yellows, little leaf to take place and withered even dead, causes orchard worker's heavy economic losses.For addressing the above problem, modes such as prior art adopts underground fertilising, spray leaf fertilizer at present, the plug fertilizer of getting into the cave are that fruit tree benefit element is cured the disease, and all receive certain effect in various degree.But above-mentioned three kinds of fertilization modes are because fertilizer itself reaches the restriction of application process, make them because of there being such-and-such defective, and can not fundamentally solve the problem of preventing and curing diseases.Low as underground fertilising and spray leaf fertilizer utilization rate of fertilizer, the cost height, time-consuming, environment also there is pollution; Particularly also there is the defect slow, that nutritive element is single that takes effect in spray leaf fertilizer; And fertile some the single nutritional deficiency symptoms that also can only solve of the plug of getting into the cave, fertilizer efficiency is short, and can not reach the purpose that comprehensively supplements the nutrients to fruit tree, and disease also easily takes place simultaneously.Cure disease to the orchard worker and increased the investment and the amount of labour.

Goal of the invention of the present invention is to release at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art full nutrition that a kind of employing uses to tree body strong injection and titration injection way, high-load, low cost, instant effect, free of contamination nutrient injection for apple tree and preparation method thereof just.It can effect a radical cure the non-infectious diseases such as yellow, leaflet of apple tree, again can strong maintenance tree body, improve fruit quality, increasing both production and income.

Goal of the invention of the present invention can reach measure by the following technical programs and be achieved:

This nutrient injection for apple tree is made up of gelatin, sucrose, urea, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulphate and water, and the percentage by weight of various raw materials is: gelatin 1～5%, sucrose 6～10%, urea 10～14%, ferrous sulfate 5～9%, zinc sulphate 7～11%, borax 1～3%, water 57～61%.The raw material gelatin that is adopted is an edible gelatin.

The method of making nutrient injection for apple tree is:

A, at first give and to inject water in the reactor, add the gelatin generation amino acid that is hydrolyzed again, promptly

B, give in the above-mentioned a liquid and add ferrous sulfate (FeSO again ₄7H ₂O) carry out chelatropic reaction, generate complexing iron, promptly

(NH ₂CH ₂COO) ₂Fe+2H ⁺

C, give in the above-mentioned b solution and add sucrose, urea, zinc sulphate, borax again, it is fully dissolved;

The pH value of d, the above-mentioned c solution of adjusting is about 2.2, gets product.Packing is put in storage after the assay was approved.

The invention has the advantages that: the first, it contains the trace element and the growth regulator of plant needs, can satisfy fruit tree particularly apple tree to the needs of various nutritions, fertilizer utilization ratio is high, has fundamentally solved the non-difficult problem of preventing and treating that infects disease such as yellow, leaflet of apple tree.Owing to select high-quality compound fertilizer, trace element and effective auxiliary agent etc. for use, under the particular medium condition, through repeatedly physical-chemical reaction and complexing process, state finally reaches capacity, excite and kept the chemism of each element to greatest extent, the bulk absorption of being set that it can be very fast after entering fruit tree tree body is also efficiently utilized, after having overcome the fruit tree indispensable element effectively and being manured into soil with the formation of fertilizer, the chemism of its ion reduces rapidly, rate travel is slowed down significantly, thereby is difficult to the shortcoming that absorbed by root system.Experiment shows adopts the present invention that the availability of each element is reached more than 98%.The second, cost is low, the input-output ratio height.Experiment shows and every mu ground drops into the about 80-100 of nutrient solution unit (about average every tree 0.7-0.8 unit), under the situation that the chemical fertilizer amplitude that has high input reduces, and the apple tree bud satiation, the flower amount increases, the output raising.By 500 yuan/mu, be to use 1/5th of chemical fertilizer input cost.Three, effect is fast, fertilizer efficiency is long.Fruit tree is after this nutrient solution of a shot, can make fruit tree bud early, leafing is fast, and the bud rate is neat, the blade hypertrophy, photosynthesis is strong, high and full the enriching of bud potted flower rate can be effected a radical cure the physiological disease that all cause because of nutritional deficiency in 4 years, the good quality and high output of normal fruit tree is had extremely significant facilitation, can disposable rejuvenation to disease tree, weak tree, veteran, enter normal result.Four, do not pollute, safe and reliable, laborsaving saving time.It is all pollution-free no matter the present invention produces with use, without any side effects and bad reaction behind the injection tree body, and a shot, normal produce effects for a long time can be removed the repeatedly trouble of fertilising from.Simultaneously owing to played the contradiction in season of adjusting recruitment in the agricultural production season in winter slack before the rudiment behind defoliation of fruit trees on opportunity of using.Above-mentioned advantage can be confirmed by the investigation of following experimental result:

The one, Shaanxi Province protects the Pucheng County apple orchard (per 30 is a group) of the difficult four groups of villager Zhang Baoren in village, sees Table 1.Table 1 Qiaoization Qin Guan trunk is injected the influence 1999.9.20 of nutrient solution to setting and preharvest drop the period of dormancy

Handle	Do week (cm)	Fruit bearing rate (%)	Percentage of fertile fruit ± %	Preharvest drop rate (%)	±％
						Not injection	??34.2	????45.8	??/	????14.3	/
Injection	??34.0	????62.5	??+36.5	????9.7	-32.2

As can be seen from Table 1, can significantly improve fruit bearing rate after the Qiao Huaqin hat tree resting stage trunk injection nutrient solution, the percentage of fertile fruit that the percentage of fertile fruit after the injection is not more injected improves 36.5%.Analyzing its reason, is because bloom to the setting phase, and the apple tree growth is main by the supply that reserves nutrient, and after the trunk injection nutrient solution, makes the tree body stock the nutrition increase, and nutrient supply abundance in earlier stage is so percentage of fertile fruit significantly improves.

Qin Guan preharvest drop phenomenon was more and more serious in recent years, as seen from Table 1, after the injection nutrient solution, prevented the preharvest drop phenomenon of Qin Guan effectively, and the injection nutrient solution is not injected nutrient solution, and preharvest drop has reduced 32.2%.After this mainly is the injection nutrient solution, tree body nutrition supply balance, blade function improves, and has suppressed the generation of abscisin class material, so reduced the preharvest drop phenomenon.

The 2nd, Shaanxi Province protects the Pucheng County one group of dwarfing interstock Fuji orchard of difficult tree, and per 30 is one group, sees Table 2 (the 8th pages).

As can be seen from Table 2, under the identical condition of fertilizer management, downgrade Fuji's garden resting stage trunk injection nutrient solution and compare with injection not, single fruit weight, heavy, the sugar content of blinds, every indexs such as colour index, germination rate, one-tenth flower rate and all be higher than not injection, exceed 10.7%, 4.7% of not injection respectively, 4.5%, 1.3%, 4.1%, 16.3%, and amount of growth, one-tenth branch rate are than low 3.1%, 10.4% of injection not.

Owing to injected nutrient solution, changed tree body nutrition condition and nutrient allocation situation, blinds heavily increases, and amount of growth reduces, and has reduced consumption, has promoted nutrient accumulation, and institute is so that single fruit weight increases, and sugar content improves, and the flower bud differentiation rate improves.On economic benefit, single fruit weight increases by 10.7%, and in 6000 jin of per mu yields, every mu can increase income 642 jin, per jin in 0.8 yuan of lowest price, can overcharge 513.6 yuan for every mu.Actual per mu yield can reach 6642 jin, because single fruit weight increases, the fruit grade improves, and commodity rate is improved, and price per jin can improve more than 0.1 yuan, like this, can overcharge again into 600 yuan for every mu, and two totals, every mu can rise in value 1113.6 yuan.And every mu of injection nutrient solution overabsorbed cost is 100 yuan, and every mu of net income can increase by 1013.6 yuan, and the input and output ratio is 1: 11.Owing to injected nutrient solution the flower bud differentiation rate is improved, overcome the biennial bearing phenomenon, can make annual production steadily increasing, so the effect of increasing both production and income is very remarkable.

Accompanying drawing and explanation: Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

Embodiment 1: adopt percentage by weight, selecting for use of various raw materials is edible gelatin 3%, sucrose 8%, urea 12%, ferrous sulfate 7%, zinc sulphate 9%, boron 2%, water 59%.Its manufacturing process is at first to give to inject 59% water in the reactor, adds 3% edible gelatin again and is hydrolyzed, and generates amino acid; Give the ferrous sulfate FeSO of adding 7% in the above-mentioned solution again ₄7H ₂O carries out chelatropic reaction, generates complexing iron; Last 8% the sucrose of adding again, 12% urea, 9% zinc sulphate, 2% borax fully dissolves it.The pH value of regulating above-mentioned solution is about 2.2, gets product, after the assay was approved the packing warehouse-in.More than whole content 100%, can add a spot of other trace element as required on this basis.Entire making process can according to circumstances heat, and stirs.

Embodiment 2: according to percentage by weight, selecting for use of various raw materials is edible gelatin 2%, sucrose 6%, urea 9%, ferrous sulfate 9%, zinc sulphate 11%, borax 3%, water 60%.Its preparation method is with embodiment 1.

Operation instruction:

1, before the use, a nutrient solution in bottle or the bucket fully should be shaken.After treating that nutrient solution evenly, dilution is used.

2, thinned water should be pure water or soft water, as rainwater, river etc., can use the boiled cool back of drying in the air of running water during no soft water.

3, diluted concentration is 1: 30, and promptly 1 portion of nutrient solution is blent 30 parts of pure water, and the back injection stirs.

4, this nutrient solution is to adopt the way of strong injection to be injected into the tree body.Instrument used for injection is to adopt the 99234977.X patent application design except that injection needle, and all the other are the orchard common tool.As valve, connection sebific duct, pressure device, Sheng liquid utensil etc.

5, injection orifice is selected in tree overhead about 10cm place, bar bottom, uses the drill bit horizontal drilling (hand sowing brill, electric drill all can) of 5mm, hole depth to be about to set 2/3rds of shank diameter along the diametric(al) of tree bar and is advisable.The tree bar surpasses the big tree of 10cm, and available two or three syringe needles are injected simultaneously, but the distance between injection orifice and the injection orifice must surpass 10cm, and boring direction is the angle of 90 ° or 120 °.

6, will inject special-purpose syringe needle and be screwed in the injection orifice, be screwed into the degree of depth be about needle length 2/3rds (look tree bar thickness not run-bake-needle fault and do not leak parenteral solution and be advisable), connect valve, parenteral solution conveyance conduit (must interior pipe clean up), get final product start injection.Injection pressure should weigh and fix under 5-6 the atmospheric pressure.

7, will constantly check the tightness of injection pipeline in the injection process, the factor of effect and injection efficiency is injected in influences such as stopping leakage, see plug, pressure is not enough.After having injected, that aperture is dead with the mud plug.

8, how much relevant with the size of fruit tree the nutrient solution injection volume is, and it is big more to set big more injection volume.Ordinary circumstance can be determined according to the thickness of tree body mobile jib: set shank diameter at 5-7cm, about 0.5 kilogram of injection volume; Set shank diameter when 7-10cm, about 0.7 kilogram of injection volume; The tree shank diameter is more than 10cm, and injection volume is about 1.0 kilograms.

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Claims (4)

1, a kind of nutrient injection for apple tree is characterized in that: be made up of gelatin, sucrose, urea, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulphate, borax, water, and the percentage by weight of each raw material is:

Gelatin 1-5% sucrose 6-10% urea 10-14%

Ferrous sulfate 5-9% zinc sulphate 7-11% borax 1-3%

Water 57-61%.

2, nutrient injection for apple tree according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the percentage by weight of various raw materials is in the composition:

Gelatin 3% sucrose 8% urea 12% ferrous sulfate 7%

Zinc sulphate 9% borax 2% water 59%.

3, nutrient injection for apple tree according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the raw material gelatin that is adopted is an edible gelatin.

4, a kind of preparation method of making the described nutrient injection for apple tree of claim 1 is characterized in that:

A, give and to inject suitable quantity of water in the reactor, and add gelatin and be hydrolyzed, generate amino acid;

B, give and to add ferrous sulfate in the above-mentioned a solution and carry out chelatropic reaction, generate complexing iron;

C, give in the above-mentioned b solution and add sucrose, urea, zinc sulphate, borax again, it is fully dissolved;

The pH value of d, the above-mentioned solution of adjusting is about 2.2, gets product, after the assay was approved packing.