CN1266987A - 测定熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法 - Google Patents

测定熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法 Download PDF

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CN1266987A
CN1266987A CN00107028A CN00107028A CN1266987A CN 1266987 A CN1266987 A CN 1266987A CN 00107028 A CN00107028 A CN 00107028A CN 00107028 A CN00107028 A CN 00107028A CN 1266987 A CN1266987 A CN 1266987A
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aluminium alloy
magnesium
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CN1159577C (zh
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森中真行
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METAL SICENCES CO Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
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    • G01N33/2028—Metallic constituents
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种通过热分析熔融铝合金得到冷却曲线,再由冷却曲线测定共熔温度,并将上述共熔温度代入等式Mg=｛(577－TE)/4.4｝×Si/12.5中,从而确定熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法。

Description

测定熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法
本发明涉及一种测定熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法，特别是涉及一种测定Al-Si熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法。
熔融铝、特别是熔融Al-Si铝合金中镁含量对铝合金制品的强度有较大影响。
通常用于制作铝箔薄板的Al-7％ Si-0.3％铝合金含有大约0.3重量％的熔融态镁。上述铝合金的抗拉强度大约为28kg/mm2，但如果镁含量减少至大约0.1重量％，该铝合金的抗拉强度将降低至15kg/mm2。
常规铝合金的化学组成是用JIS、ASTEM、AISI、SAE、BC、DIN、VDEh、NF、EN和ISO进行标定的，并且要随合金一同附上组成分析。如果合金融化，除镁(Mg)之外的化学成分含量不会变化，但熔融的镁浮在熔融的铝合金表面上，并最终被氧化，以致于合金中的镁数量降低。
通常，为了防止铝合金中镁含量的降低，向熔融的铝合金中加入镁。
然而，为了该目的，必须测量熔融铝合金在浇注前的镁含量。为了测量铝合金中的镁含量，而使用发射分光化学分析是非常昂贵的，并且需要复杂的操作。
因此，从以上缺点来看，本发明的主要目的是提供一种测量熔融铝合金中镁含量的简单方法。
本发明的其它目的是提供一种测量浇注前熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法，以防止铝合金制品在浇注前性能恶化。
为了达到上述目的，本发明测定熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法由下述步骤组成：
对熔融铝合金进行热分析从而获得冷却曲线；由所获得的冷却曲线测量熔融合金的共熔温度；用预先求出的等式算出熔融铝合金中的镁含量。
根据本发明，将熔融的铝合金浇注到取样容器中，该样品通常用于测量热分析中的冷却曲线。
可向容器中加入少量、例如大约0.2重量％的磷(P)和/或硫(S)作为添加剂。
熔融铝合金中的Al-P或Al-S数量不足以冻结平衡固化。
下面参照技术方案和附图描述本发明方法，其中：
图1是Al-Si合金的平衡图；
图2是说明用本发明方法进行试验的各试样Si和Mg含量和共熔温度的曲线。
在现有技术中已知Al-Si合金的共熔温度是577℃，其如图1所示。然而，在非平衡态时，共熔温度取决于熔融铝合金中的共熔晶体的数量。
熔融铝合金中的共熔晶体是Al-P或Al-S，其数量与在共熔温度下固化的硅酸盐(Si)相近。
在平衡条件下，熔融铝合金中的Al-P或Al-S数量不足以固化。因此，即使这些铝合金处于过冷状态，Al-P或Al-S的平衡温度要低于在平衡曲线中所示的温度，因为尽管这些合金的共熔温度与共熔晶体有关，但却与化学成分的数量无关。因此，由其共熔曲线测定上述铝合金中镁含量是很困难的。
在上述情况的启发下，本发明将足量的磷(P)或硫(S)加入到熔融的铝合金中，从而使熔融合金的共熔温度与其中的镁含量有关。
磷的原子量(P＝30.9736)与硫的原子量(S＝32.06)非常相似，因此，加入到熔融铝合金中的P或S的数量可以等量取代。
参照实施例，其中，将磷(P)加入到熔融的铝合金中。
按照通常的规律，在浇注铝合金时，向熔融的铝合金中加入少量、例如30-100ppm钠(Na)，以便在固化时使结构细化。如果将钠加入到形成Al-P的熔融铝合金中，开始，磷与钠(Na)反应并且Al-P分解，以致于其中的共熔晶体材料可能消失。
按照本发明，考虑到磷(P)和钠(Na)各自的原子量，向熔融的铝合金中加入的磷量至少是钠量的三倍，即在熔融铝合金中加入300ppm磷。
当在熔融铝合金中存在的共熔晶体数量非常充足时，熔融合金的共熔温度与镁的数量有关。并且其可以由以下经验等式中计算出来：
              Mg＝{(577-TE)/4.4}×Si/12.5
其中，577指577℃，其是在镁含量为0时Al-Si合金的共熔温度(TE)；
(577-TE)表示共熔温度与实测共熔温度之间的温差。
Al-Si合金组合物在共熔点时的系数是12.5。
试验
复合由99.9％Al-Si和镁组成的铝合金试样，其中将Si含量变至2-12.5％、将镁含量变至0.1-1％，测定各复合试样的Si和Mg含量及共熔温度。以上结果表示在图2中。
如图2所示，如果共熔温度(TE)是577℃，镁(Mg)含量为0％，而如果是572.6℃，Mg含量则为1％。

Claims (4)

1.一种测定熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
将熔融的铝合金注入到热分析用取样容器中，从而获得所说合金的冷却曲线；
由冷却曲线确定所说熔融合金的共熔温度；
将所说共熔温度代入等式Mg＝{(577-TE)/4.4}×Si/12.5中，求出熔融合金中的镁含量。
2.根据权利要求1中的方法，其中，向所说取样容器中加入磷。
3.根据权利要求1中的方法，其中，向所说取样容器中加入硫。
4.根据权利要求1中的方法，其中，向所说取样容器中加入磷和硫的混合物。
CNB001070282A 1999-02-24 2000-02-24 测定熔融铝合金中镁含量的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1159577C (zh)

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CN105044151B (zh) * 2015-08-26 2017-06-16 中南大学 一种测量铝合金连续冷却转变曲线的方法
CN106053520B (zh) * 2016-05-16 2019-08-06 佛山科睿探测仪器科技有限公司 一种热分析法测定铁水锰含量的方法及装置

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BR0000903A (pt) 2000-10-17
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US6345910B1 (en) 2002-02-12
DE10007589A1 (de) 2000-09-21
DE10007589C2 (de) 2003-10-02
FR2790090A1 (fr) 2000-08-25
CN1159577C (zh) 2004-07-28
JP2000241374A (ja) 2000-09-08
BE1014517A3 (fr) 2003-12-02

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