CN1258838A - 工业气体的单回路低温液化 - Google Patents

工业气体的单回路低温液化 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1258838A
CN1258838A CN99127473A CN99127473A CN1258838A CN 1258838 A CN1258838 A CN 1258838A CN 99127473 A CN99127473 A CN 99127473A CN 99127473 A CN99127473 A CN 99127473A CN 1258838 A CN1258838 A CN 1258838A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
component
refrigrant fluid
fluorocarbon
industrial gasses
component refrigrant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN99127473A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1153038C (zh
Inventor
W·J·奥尔斯泽斯基
B·阿曼
J·A·韦伯
A·阿查里亚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Praxair Technology Inc
Original Assignee
Praxair Technology Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=22833805&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN1258838(A) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Praxair Technology Inc filed Critical Praxair Technology Inc
Publication of CN1258838A publication Critical patent/CN1258838A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1153038C publication Critical patent/CN1153038C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/0017—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F25J1/002—Argon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0027—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/0097—Others, e.g. F-, Cl-, HF-, HClF-, HCl-hydrocarbons etc. or mixtures thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0212—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a single flow MCR cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0219—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. using a deep flash recycle loop
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/11—Ethers
    • C09K2205/112—Halogenated ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/13—Inert gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/132—Components containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于更加有效地液化工业气体的方法,其中采用所定义的多组分制冷剂流体来产生液化所需的制冷作用并通过一种在包括从环境温度至低温的宽的温度范围内的单流回路来提供这种制冷作用。

Description

工业气体的单回路低温液化
本发明一般涉及工业气体的液化，其中使气体从环境温度降至低温以实现所述的液化。
工业气体的液化是用于加工几乎所有工业气体的分离及提纯操作中的一个重要步骤。通常工业气体是通过与制冷剂进行间接热交换而得以液化的。这样的系统虽然在从环境温度开始的较小温度范围内提供制冷方面能运作良好，但当需要在较大的温度范围内，如从环境温度至低温实现制冷时却效率不高。人们提出一种改进这种低效的方法是使用一种具有多流回路的液化方法，其中每一个回路起着将工业气体的温度降低一定范围的作用直至达到所需的低温冷凝温度为止。然而这种多回路工业气体液化器操作起来可能较为复杂。
因此，本发明的目标之一是提供一种单回路液化装置，籍此可将工业气体从环境温度降至低温液化温度，该装置操作起来比以往的各种单回路系统要有效得多。
本领域技术人员在阅读该公开的内容后将显而易见以上以及其他目标可通过以下的本发明来得以实现：
一种用于液化工业气体的方法，它包括：
(A)压缩包含至少一种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物(hydrofluorocarbon)和氟代醚的组分以及至少一种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物、氟代醚和大气气体的组分的多组分制冷剂流体；
(B)冷却压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体以便至少部分冷凝该多组分制冷剂流体；
(C)膨胀冷却后的压缩多组分制冷剂流体以产生制冷作用；
(D)通过与压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体进行间接热交换加热膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体以实现所述压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体的冷却；和
(E)使膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体与工业气体之间建立热交换关系，并通过与所述工业气体进行间接热交换来加热膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体以便液化该工业气体。
此处所用的术语“无毒的”意指当根据可接受的暴露极限进行处理时不会发生急性或慢性中毒的危险。
此处所用的术语“不易燃的”意指没有闪点或至少600°K的很高闪点。
此处所用的术语“无臭氧消耗的”意指具有零臭氧消耗的可能性，即没有氯或溴原子。
此处所用的术语“标准沸点”意指在1个标准大气压即14.696磅/英寸2(绝对)下的沸点温度。
此处所用的术语“间接热交换”意指各种流体之间在没有任何物理接触或混合的情况下将各种流体带入热交换关系。
此处所用的术语“膨胀”意指进行减压。
此处所用的术语“涡轮膨胀”和“涡轮膨胀机”分别意指高压流体流经涡轮机以降低流体的压力和温度籍此产生制冷作用的方法与装置。
此处所用的术语“可变载荷制冷剂”意指两种或两种以上成比例的组分的混合物，这些组分的液相经历在混合物的始沸点和露点之间连续和递增的温度变化。混合物的始沸点是在给定压力下的温度，此时混合物全部处于液相，但如加入热量将开始形成与该液相平衡的汽相。混合物的露点是在给定压力下的温度，此时混合物全部处于汽相，但如从中取出热量将开始形成与该汽相平衡的液相。因此，混合物在始沸点和露点之间的温度区即为液相与汽相共存平衡的区域。在本发明的实施中，对于可变载荷制冷剂而言其始沸点和露点之间的温度差至少为10°K、优选至少为20°K、最优选至少为50°K。
此处所用的术语“碳氟化合物”意指以下化合物中的一种：四氟甲烷(CF4)、全氟乙烷(C2F6)、全氟丙烷(C3F8)、全氟丁烷(C4F10)、全氟戊烷(C5F12)、全氟乙烯(C2F4)、全氟丙烯(C3F6)、全氟丁烯(C4F8)、全氟戊烯(C5F10)、六氟环丙烷(环-C3F6)和八氟环丁烷(环-C4F8)。
此处所用的术语“氢碳氟化合物”意指以下化合物中的一种：氟仿(CHF3)、五氟乙烷(C2HF5)、四氟乙烷(C2H2F4)、七氟丙烷(C3HF7)、六氟丙烷(C3H2F6)、五氟丙烷(C3H3F5)、四氟丙烷(C3H4F4)、九氟丁烷(C4HF9)、八氟丁烷(C4H2F8)、十一氟戊烷(C5HF11)、氟代甲烷(CH3F)、二氟甲烷(CH2F2)、氟代乙烷(C2H5F)、二氟乙烷(C2H4F2)、三氟乙烷(C2H3F3)、二氟乙烯(C2H2F2)、三氟乙烯(C2HF3)、氟代乙烯(C2H3F)、五氟丙烯(C3HF5)、四氟丙烯(C3H2F4)、三氟丙烯(C3H3F3)、二氟丙烯(C3H4F2)、七氟丁烯(C4HF7)、六氟丁烯(C4H2F6)和九氟戊烯(C5HF9)。
此处所用的术语“氟代醚”意指以下化合物中的一种：三氟甲氧基-全氟甲烷(CF3-O-CF3)、二氟甲氧基-全氟甲烷(CHF2-O-CF3)、一氟甲氧基-全氟甲烷(CH2F-O-CF3)、二氟甲氧基-二氟甲烷(CHF2-O-CHF2)、二氟甲氧基-全氟乙烷(CHF2-O-C2F5)、二氟甲氧基-1，2，2，2-四氟乙烷(CHF2-O-C2HF4)、二氟甲氧基-1，1，2，2-四氟乙烷(CHF2-O-C2HF4)、全氟乙氧基-一氟甲烷(C2F5-O-CH2F)、全氟甲氧基-1，1，2-三氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2H2F3)、全氟甲氧基-1，2，2-三氟乙烷(CF3O-C2H2F3)、环-1，1，2，2-四氟丙基醚(环-C3H2F4-O-)、环-1，1，3，3-四氟丙基醚(环-C3H2F4-O-)、全氟甲氧基-1，1，2，2-四氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2HF4)、环-1，1，2，3，3-五氟丙基醚(环-C3H5-O-)、全氟甲氧基-全氟丙酮(CF3-O-CF2-O-CF3)、全氟甲氧基-全氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2F5)、全氟甲氧基-1，2，2，2-四氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2HF4)、全氟甲氧基-2，2，2-三氟乙烷(CF3-O-C2H2F3)、环-全氟甲氧基-全氟丙酮(环-CF2-O-CF2-O-CF2-)和环-全氟丙基醚(环-C3F6-O)。
此处所用的术语“大气气体”意指以下化合物中的一种：氮(N2)、氩(Ar)、氪(Kr)、氙(Xe)、氖(Ne)、二氧化碳(CO2)、氧(O2)和氦(He)。
此处所用的术语“低臭氧消耗的”意指臭氧消耗的可能性小于0.15(由Montreal Protocol大会所定义，其中二氯氟甲烷(CCl2F2)的臭氧消耗可能性为1.0)。
此处所用的术语“工业气体”意指氮气、氧气、氢气、氦气、二氧化碳、氩气、甲烷、一氧化碳以及含有两种或两种以上上述气体的流体混合物。
此处所用的术语“低温”意指不高于150°K的温度。
此处所用的术语“制冷作用”意指排斥热从低温系统到周围大气的能力。
图1是本发明单回路工业气体液化系统的一个优选实施方案的示意流程图。
图2是本发明单回路工业气体液化系统的另一个优选实施方案的示意流程图。
总的来说，本发明包括使用一种定义的混合制冷剂以在很大的温度范围内，如从环境温度至低温的范围内有效地提供制冷作用。这种制冷作用可有效地用来液化温度范围需求较广的各种工业气体，而无须采用复杂的多制冷回路。本发明的单回路系统包括一个包含单级或多级压缩机的单一压缩系列，它将整个多组分制冷剂混合物作为一个单一的混合物来处理，此混合物随后经J/T阀或液体涡轮机进行膨胀以产生制冷作用。
本发明将参照附图进行更详细的描述。现参照图1，多组分制冷剂流体60通过压缩机30而被压缩至绝对压力通常为100-800磅/英寸2(psia)的范围内。该压缩机可以有单级，或也可以有多级。优选压缩比(即压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体61与流体60的压力比)为2-15、最优选超过5。在特别优选的实施方案中，压缩机30包括三个压缩级，每一级的压缩比为2.5-3.0。在压缩机30为油润滑的压缩机的情况中，如虚线68所示，可将来自该压缩机的流出物送往分离器10，在其中流出物中的任何油被分离并经管线70再循环到压缩机中，而干净的制冷剂流体则经管线69送回制冷剂回路中。
管线62中的压缩后多组分制冷剂流体在后冷却器2中其压缩热被冷却(优选在其中被部分冷凝)，所得的多组分制冷剂流体63流经换热器1，在其中被进一步冷却(优选完全被冷凝)。所得多组分制冷剂液体64经阀65进行节流，在其中被膨胀至压力通常为15-100psia，因而产生制冷作用。该流体经阀65发生的压力膨胀，通过Joule-Thomson效应提供了制冷作用，即由于压力以恒定焓减少而降低了流体的温度。通常膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体66的温度将在70-200°K、优选在80-120°K的范围内。多组分制冷剂流体经阀65进行膨胀也会引起一部分该流体蒸发。
然后，在流66中具有制冷作用的多组分两相制冷剂流体流经换热器1，在其中被加热并完全蒸发，因而通过间接热交换用来冷却压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体63。如将在下面更加详细加以描述的那样，流体66的加热也起着液化工业气体的作用。将蒸汽流67中所得的加热后的多组分制冷剂流体(温度范围通常为260-330°K)再循环至压缩机30中，又重新开始制冷循环。
流80中的工业气体，如氮气通过流经压缩机32被压缩至压力通常为30-800psia，所得工业气体流81通过后冷却器4其压缩热被冷却。然后压缩后的工业气体流82流经换热器1，在其中通过与上述加热的具有制冷作用的多组分制冷剂流体进行间接热交换被冷却和冷凝、优选被低温冷却。然后，流83中的所得液化后的工业气体流经阀84，并作为流85流往使用点和/或储罐。
应注意的是，虽然本发明描述的是在环境温度下的各种工业气体的液化，但本发明也可用来液化各种预冷却的工业气体。在一些情况下工业气体可通过另一种制冷方法先进行预冷却，然后采用本发明的多组分制冷系统进行进一步的冷却和液化。
在本发明的实施中，所述多组分制冷剂流体相当高效地提供了所需的制冷作用以将工业气体液化至所需的程度，结果使冷却曲线和加热曲线靠近并尽可能地彼此平行以将液化操作的不可逆性减少至实际最低的程度。正在冷凝的多组分制冷剂流体恒定改变其组成，因而使得其冷凝温度可用来改进工业气体液化的效率。这种改进来自使用制冷剂流体中所定义的多种组分，每一种皆具有其自己的标准沸点及相关的蒸发潜热。适当选择各种制冷剂组分、其在混合物中的各种最佳浓度以及操作压力、制冷剂循环等，使得在所需的温度范围内可以产生可变量的制冷作用。以温度作为函数提供可变的制冷作用使得我们可以实现对液化系统内的热交换温度差进行最佳控制，籍此降低系统对能量的需求。
图2说明了本发明工业气体液化方法的另一个优选实施方案。图2中表示各公共单元的数字与图1中所示的那些数字相同，因此这些公共单元在下面将不再加以详述。
现参照图2，液化后的工业气体83流经阀84引起一部分工业气体蒸发。然后所得的两相流95进入相分离器96，在其中工业气体被分离成以流86中从分离器96流出并进入使用点和/或储罐的液体以及以流87中从相分离器96流出进入换热器1的蒸汽。或者如虚线所示，液化后的工业气体83可经涡轮膨胀器97进行涡轮膨胀，产生两相流95以及额外的制冷作用。将在流87中的工业气体蒸汽送入换热器1，在其中通过与冷凝的工业气体82进行间接热交换而被加热，因而进一步增强了液化作用。所得加热后的工业气体蒸汽88与流80组合，形成流89，然后进入压缩机32。
为了在每一个温度下能提供所需的制冷作用，可用于实施本发明的多组分制冷剂流体含有至少一种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物和氟代醚的组分以及至少一种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物、氟代醚和大气气体的组分。各种制冷剂组分的选择将取决于具体应用过程中制冷载荷与温度的关系。各种适宜的组分将根据其标准沸点、潜热、易燃性、毒性和臭氧消耗可能性进行选择。
可用于实施本发明的多组分制冷剂流体的一个优选实施方案包含至少两种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物和氟代醚的组分以及至少一种大气气体。
可用于实施本发明的多组分制冷剂流体的另一个优选实施方案包含至少两种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物和氟代醚的组分以及至少两种大气气体。
可用于实施本发明的多组分制冷剂流体的再一个优选实施方案包含至少一种氟代醚和至少一种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物、氟代醚以及大气气体的组分。
在一个优选的实施方案中，多组分制冷剂流体仅由碳氟化合物所组成。在另一个优选的实施方案中，多组分制冷剂流体仅由碳氟化合物和氢碳氟化合物所组成。在另一个优选的实施方案中，多组分制冷剂流体仅由碳氟化合物和大气气体所组成。在另一个优选的实施方案中，多组分制冷剂流体仅由碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物和氟代醚所组成。在另一个优选的实施方案中，多组分制冷剂流体仅由碳氟化合物、氟代醚和大气气体所组成。
虽然用于实施本发明的多组分制冷剂流体可含有其他组分，如氢氯碳氟化合物(hydrochlorofluorocarbon)和/或烃，但优选该多组分制冷剂流体不含氢氯碳氟化合物。在本发明的另一个优选实施方案中，多组分制冷剂流体不含烃，最优选该多组分制冷剂流体既不含氢氯碳氟化合物，又不含烃。最优选多组分制冷剂流体为无毒、不易燃和无臭氧消耗的，并最优选该多组分制冷剂流体的每一种组分为碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物、氟代醚或大气气体。
本发明特别适用于高效地从环境温度中获取低温。表1-5列举了可用于实施本发明的多组分制冷剂流体混合物的优选实施例。表1-5中所给的浓度范围为摩尔百分数。
          表1
组分          浓度范围
C5F12        5-25
C4F10        0-15
C3F8         10-40
C2F6         0-30
CF4           10-50
Ar             0-40
N2            10-80
Ne             0-10
He             0-10
       表2
组分        浓度范围
C3H3F5      5-25
C4F10        0-15
C3F8         10-40
CHF3          0-30
CF4           10-50
Ar             0-40
N2            10-80
Ne             0-10
He             0-10
        表3
组分        浓度范围
C3H3F5      5-25
C3H2F6      0-15
C2H2F4      5-20
C2HF5        5-20
C2F6         0-30
CF4            10-50
Ar              0-40
N2             10-80
Ne              0-10
He              0-10
        表4
组分        浓度范围
CHF2-O-C2HF4  5-25
C4F10          0-15
CF3-O-CHF2     10-40
CF3-O-CF3      0-20
C2F6           0-30
CF4             10-50
Ar               0-40
N2              10-80
Ne               0-10
He               0-10
        表5
组分         浓度范围
C3H3F5        5-25
C3H2F6        0-15
CF3-O-CHF3     10-40
CHF3            0-30
CF4             0-25
Ar               0.40
N2              10-80
Ne               0-10
He               0-10
表6列举了一种特别优选用于本发明中的多组分制冷剂流体，它为氮气的液化提供较低水平的制冷作用。
       表6
组分          摩尔分数
全氟戊烷        0.11
全氟丙烷        0.10
氟仿            0.09
四氟甲烷        0.13
氩气            0.22
氮气            0.29
氖              0.06
表7列举了另一种特别优选用于本发明中的多组分制冷剂流体，它为氮气的液化提供较低水平的制冷作用。
        表7
组分            摩尔分数
全氟戊烷        0.15
全氟丙烷        0.15
氟仿            0.10
四氟甲烷        0.24
氩气            0.15
氮气            0.21
本发明特别适用于在宽的温度范围内、尤其是在包括低温的范围内提供制冷作用。在本发明的一个优选实施方案中，制冷剂混合物的两种或两种以上组分的每一种的标准沸点与该制冷剂混合物中的每一种其他组分的标准沸点相差至少5°K、更优选至少10°K、最优选至少20°K。这样做提高了在宽的温度范围内、特别是在包括低温的范围内提供制冷作用的有效性。在本发明一个特别优选的实施方案中，多组分制冷剂流体的最高沸点组分的标准沸点比该多组分制冷剂流体的最低沸点组分的标准沸点高至少50°K、优选至少100°K、最优选至少200°K。
组成可用于实施本发明的多组分制冷剂流体中的各种组分及其浓度应使得可形成一种可变载荷的多组分制冷剂流体，并优选在本发明方法的整个温度范围内保持这种可变载荷的特性。这样做显著提高了效率，采用该方法可在如此宽的温度范围内产生和利用这种制冷作用。所定义的各种优选组分还有一个好处是，它们可用来形成无毒、不易燃和低或无臭氧消耗的流体混合物。这样做提供了优于常规通常为有毒、易燃和/或臭氧消耗的制冷剂另外的各种优点。
可用于实施本发明的一种优选可变载荷多组分制冷剂流体(无毒、不易燃和无臭氧消耗)包含两种或两种以上以下组分：C5F12、CHF2-O-C2HF4、C4HF9、C3H3F5、C2F5-O-CH2F、C3H2F6、CHF2-O-CHF2、C4F10、CF3-O-C2H2F3、C3HF7、CH2F-O-CF3、C2H2F4、CHF2-O-CF3、C3F8、C2HF5、CF3-O-CF3、C2F6、CHF3、CF4、O2、Ar、N2、Ne和He。
通过采用本发明，使用单回路液化循环以更有效地提供从环境温度至液化所需的低温，我们可以更高效地液化工业气体。虽然本发明参照某些优选实施方案进行了详述，但本领域技术人员将会认识到在权利要求书的精神和范畴内还有本发明的其他实施方案。例如，类似于图2中所示，在每一个换热器后面液化回路还可包含一个以上在其中进行工业气体析相作用及工业气体蒸汽循环的换热器。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于液化工业气体的方法，它包括：
(A)压缩包含至少一种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物和氟代醚的组分以及至少一种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物、氟代醚和大气气体的组分的多组分制冷剂流体；
(B)冷却压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体以至少部分冷凝该多组分制冷剂流体；
(C)膨胀冷却后的压缩多组分制冷剂流体以产生制冷作用；
(D)通过与压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体进行间接热交换来加热膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体以实现所述压缩后的多组分制冷剂流体的冷却；和
(E)使膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体与工业气体之间建立热交换关系，并通过与所述工业气体进行间接热交换来加热膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体以液化该工业气体。
2.权利要求1的方法，还包括在工业气体与膨胀后的多组分制冷剂流体进行热交换之前通过压缩机压缩所述工业气体。
3.权利要求2的方法，还包括降低液化后工业气体的压力以将一部分液化后的工业气体闪蒸成工业气体蒸汽，再将所述的工业气体蒸汽送往压缩机。
4.权利要求3的方法，还包括在将工业气体蒸汽送往压缩机之前通过与液化压缩的工业气体进行间接热交换来加热工业气体蒸汽。
5.权利要求1的方法，其中多组分制冷剂流体包含至少两种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物和氟代醚的组分及至少一种大气气体。
6.权利要求1的方法，其中多组分制冷剂流体包含至少两种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物和氟代醚的组分以及至少两种大气气体。
7.权利要求1的方法，其中多组分制冷剂流体包含至少一种氟代醚和至少一种来自碳氟化合物、氢碳氟化合物、氟代醚和大气气体的组分。
8.权利要求1的方法，其中多组分制冷剂流体的每一种组分的标准沸点与该多组分制冷剂流体的每一种其他组分的标准沸点相差至少5°K。
9.权利要求1的方法，其中多组分制冷剂流体最高沸点组分的标准沸点比该多组分制冷剂流体最低沸点组分的标准沸点高至少50°K。
10.权利要求1的方法，其中多组分制冷剂流体包含至少两种以下组分：C5F12、CHF2-O-C2HF4、C4HF9、C3H3F5、C2F5-O-CH2F、C3H2F6、CHF2-O-CHF2、C4F10、CF3-O-C2H2F3、C3HF7、CH2F-O-CF3、C2H2F4、CHF2-O-CF3、C3F8、C2HF5、CF3-O-CF3、C2F6、CHF3、CF4、O2、Ar、N2、Ne和He。
CNB991274733A 1998-12-30 1999-12-28 工业气体的单回路低温液化 Expired - Fee Related CN1153038C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/222813 1998-12-30
US09/222,813 US6041621A (en) 1998-12-30 1998-12-30 Single circuit cryogenic liquefaction of industrial gas
US09/222,813 1998-12-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1258838A true CN1258838A (zh) 2000-07-05
CN1153038C CN1153038C (zh) 2004-06-09

Family

ID=22833805

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB991274733A Expired - Fee Related CN1153038C (zh) 1998-12-30 1999-12-28 工业气体的单回路低温液化

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6041621A (zh)
EP (1) EP1016842B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20000052603A (zh)
CN (1) CN1153038C (zh)
BR (1) BR9905994A (zh)
CA (1) CA2293204C (zh)
DE (1) DE69909424T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2197569T3 (zh)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105349106A (zh) * 2005-11-01 2016-02-24 纳幕尔杜邦公司 包含氟代烯烃的组合物及其用途
CN109920581A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2019-06-21 中国科学院电工研究所 一种液氮和液化四氟化碳的混合绝缘介质及其配制方法
CN111386146A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2020-07-07 徐建国 从富含co2的气体混合物中去除或捕获co2
US20220252324A1 (en) * 2021-02-09 2022-08-11 Standex International Corporation Refrigeration system with enveloping air circulation around product chamber

Families Citing this family (47)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003524665A (ja) * 1998-05-12 2003-08-19 メツサー グリースハイム ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 混合物−スロットリング−プロセス用の冷媒混合物
US6308531B1 (en) 1999-10-12 2001-10-30 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Hybrid cycle for the production of liquefied natural gas
US6298688B1 (en) * 1999-10-12 2001-10-09 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Process for nitrogen liquefaction
US6230519B1 (en) * 1999-11-03 2001-05-15 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation process for producing gaseous nitrogen and gaseous oxygen
US6266977B1 (en) 2000-04-19 2001-07-31 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Nitrogen refrigerated process for the recovery of C2+ Hydrocarbons
US6293106B1 (en) * 2000-05-18 2001-09-25 Praxair Technology, Inc. Magnetic refrigeration system with multicomponent refrigerant fluid forecooling
EP1295070B1 (en) 2000-06-28 2005-12-14 Helix Technology Corporation Nonflammable mixed refrigerants (mr) for use with very low temperature throttle-cycle refrigeration systems
US6330811B1 (en) 2000-06-29 2001-12-18 Praxair Technology, Inc. Compression system for cryogenic refrigeration with multicomponent refrigerant
US6327865B1 (en) 2000-08-25 2001-12-11 Praxair Technology, Inc. Refrigeration system with coupling fluid stabilizing circuit
US7111467B2 (en) * 2001-02-23 2006-09-26 Brooks Automation, Inc. Ultra-low temperature closed-loop recirculating gas chilling system
US6438994B1 (en) 2001-09-27 2002-08-27 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for providing refrigeration using a turboexpander cycle
US7478540B2 (en) * 2001-10-26 2009-01-20 Brooks Automation, Inc. Methods of freezeout prevention and temperature control for very low temperature mixed refrigerant systems
CA2462568A1 (en) * 2001-10-26 2003-05-01 Igc-Polycold Systems Inc. Methods of freezeout prevention for very low temperature mixed refrigerant systems
US6427483B1 (en) 2001-11-09 2002-08-06 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic industrial gas refrigeration system
US7131218B2 (en) * 2004-02-23 2006-11-07 Nike, Inc. Fluid-filled bladder incorporating a foam tensile member
US6560989B1 (en) 2002-06-07 2003-05-13 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Separation of hydrogen-hydrocarbon gas mixtures using closed-loop gas expander refrigeration
US6666046B1 (en) 2002-09-30 2003-12-23 Praxair Technology, Inc. Dual section refrigeration system
US7279451B2 (en) * 2002-10-25 2007-10-09 Honeywell International Inc. Compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins
US9796848B2 (en) * 2002-10-25 2017-10-24 Honeywell International Inc. Foaming agents and compositions containing fluorine substituted olefins and methods of foaming
US8033120B2 (en) * 2002-10-25 2011-10-11 Honeywell International Inc. Compositions and methods containing fluorine substituted olefins
US20090253820A1 (en) * 2006-03-21 2009-10-08 Honeywell International Inc. Foaming agents and compositions containing fluorine sustituted olefins and methods of foaming
CN1732243A (zh) * 2002-10-25 2006-02-08 霍尼韦尔国际公司 含有氟取代烯烃的组合物
US9005467B2 (en) * 2003-10-27 2015-04-14 Honeywell International Inc. Methods of replacing heat transfer fluids
US20040089839A1 (en) * 2002-10-25 2004-05-13 Honeywell International, Inc. Fluorinated alkene refrigerant compositions
US8444874B2 (en) * 2002-10-25 2013-05-21 Honeywell International Inc. Heat transfer methods using heat transfer compositions containing trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
US6668581B1 (en) 2002-10-30 2003-12-30 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic system for providing industrial gas to a use point
US6591632B1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2003-07-15 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic liquefier/chiller
US7655610B2 (en) 2004-04-29 2010-02-02 Honeywell International Inc. Blowing agent compositions comprising fluorinated olefins and carbon dioxide
US9499729B2 (en) * 2006-06-26 2016-11-22 Honeywell International Inc. Compositions and methods containing fluorine substituted olefins
US7114347B2 (en) * 2003-10-28 2006-10-03 Ajay Khatri Closed cycle refrigeration system and mixed component refrigerant
KR101129116B1 (ko) * 2004-01-28 2012-03-26 브룩스 오토메이션, 인크. 혼합 불활성 성분 냉매를 사용한 냉각 사이클
US8574451B2 (en) * 2005-06-24 2013-11-05 Honeywell International Inc. Trans-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene for use in chiller applications
US8420706B2 (en) * 2005-06-24 2013-04-16 Honeywell International Inc. Foaming agents, foamable compositions, foams and articles containing halogen substituted olefins, and methods of making same
US9000061B2 (en) 2006-03-21 2015-04-07 Honeywell International Inc. Foams and articles made from foams containing 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233zd)
US20100313598A1 (en) * 2009-06-16 2010-12-16 Daly Phillip F Separation of a Fluid Mixture Using Self-Cooling of the Mixture
EP4324901A3 (en) 2009-09-09 2024-04-24 Honeywell International, Inc. Monochlorotrifluoropropene compounds and compositions and methods using same
US9441877B2 (en) 2010-03-17 2016-09-13 Chart Inc. Integrated pre-cooled mixed refrigerant system and method
TW201604465A (zh) 2010-06-15 2016-02-01 拜歐菲樂Ｉｐ有限責任公司 從導熱金屬導管提取熱能的方法、裝置和系統
US20120174621A1 (en) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-12 General Electric Company Carbon dioxide liquefaction system
TWI525184B (zh) 2011-12-16 2016-03-11 拜歐菲樂Ｉｐ有限責任公司 低溫注射組成物，用於低溫調節導管中流量之系統及方法
SG11201400486YA (en) * 2012-06-12 2014-04-28 Varadarajan Seshamani Non-cfc refrigerant mixture for use in multistage auto cascade systems
SG11201503053SA (en) * 2012-11-16 2015-06-29 Exxonmobil Upstream Res Co Liquefaction of natural gas
CA2907444C (en) 2013-03-15 2022-01-18 Douglas A. Ducote, Jr. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US11428463B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-08-30 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
US11408673B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2022-08-09 Chart Energy & Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant system and method
AR105277A1 (es) 2015-07-08 2017-09-20 Chart Energy & Chemicals Inc Sistema y método de refrigeración mixta
US10443927B2 (en) * 2015-09-09 2019-10-15 Black & Veatch Holding Company Mixed refrigerant distributed chilling scheme

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3733845A (en) * 1972-01-19 1973-05-22 D Lieberman Cascaded multicircuit,multirefrigerant refrigeration system
US3932154A (en) * 1972-06-08 1976-01-13 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Refrigerant apparatus and process using multicomponent refrigerant
US3970441A (en) * 1973-07-17 1976-07-20 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Cascaded refrigeration cycles for liquefying low-boiling gaseous mixtures
US3992167A (en) * 1975-04-02 1976-11-16 Union Carbide Corporation Low temperature refrigeration process for helium or hydrogen mixtures using mixed refrigerant
EP0576550B1 (en) * 1991-03-18 1996-05-22 AlliedSignal Inc. Non-azeotropic refrigerant compositions comprising difluoromethane; 1,1,1-trifluoroethane; or propane
JP3208151B2 (ja) * 1991-05-28 2001-09-10 三洋電機株式会社 冷凍装置
US5157925A (en) * 1991-09-06 1992-10-27 Exxon Production Research Company Light end enhanced refrigeration loop
US5441658A (en) * 1993-11-09 1995-08-15 Apd Cryogenics, Inc. Cryogenic mixed gas refrigerant for operation within temperature ranges of 80°K- 100°K
US5379597A (en) * 1994-02-04 1995-01-10 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Mixed refrigerant cycle for ethylene recovery
US5408848A (en) * 1994-02-25 1995-04-25 General Signal Corporation Non-CFC autocascade refrigeration system
US5579654A (en) * 1995-06-29 1996-12-03 Apd Cryogenics, Inc. Cryostat refrigeration system using mixed refrigerants in a closed vapor compression cycle having a fixed flow restrictor
CA2232674A1 (en) * 1995-09-21 1997-03-27 George H. Goble Drop-in substitutes for dichlorodifluoromethane refrigerant
US5787715A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-08-04 Cryogen, Inc. Mixed gas refrigeration method

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105349106A (zh) * 2005-11-01 2016-02-24 纳幕尔杜邦公司 包含氟代烯烃的组合物及其用途
CN111386146A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2020-07-07 徐建国 从富含co2的气体混合物中去除或捕获co2
CN109920581A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2019-06-21 中国科学院电工研究所 一种液氮和液化四氟化碳的混合绝缘介质及其配制方法
US20220252324A1 (en) * 2021-02-09 2022-08-11 Standex International Corporation Refrigeration system with enveloping air circulation around product chamber
US11698216B2 (en) * 2021-02-09 2023-07-11 Standex International Corporation Refrigeration system with enveloping air circulation around product chamber
US20230341169A1 (en) * 2021-02-09 2023-10-26 Standex International Corporation Refrigeration system with enveloping air circulation around product chamber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1016842B1 (en) 2003-07-09
CN1153038C (zh) 2004-06-09
DE69909424D1 (de) 2003-08-14
DE69909424T2 (de) 2004-04-15
CA2293204A1 (en) 2000-06-30
ES2197569T3 (es) 2004-01-01
CA2293204C (en) 2003-08-19
KR20000052603A (ko) 2000-08-25
US6041621A (en) 2000-03-28
EP1016842A3 (en) 2000-11-02
EP1016842A2 (en) 2000-07-05
BR9905994A (pt) 2001-01-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1153038C (zh) 工业气体的单回路低温液化
CN1151353C (zh) 利用混合制冷低温液化工业气体
CN1263243A (zh) 带内循环的多组分致冷剂冷却
CN1151352C (zh) 用于冷却工业气体的方法
CN1140737C (zh) 在封闭循环中使用可变负荷的制冷剂混合物的制冷方法
CN1179169C (zh) 制冷方法
CN1319756A (zh) 生产液态氧的深冷空气分离法
CN1165736C (zh) 分离流体混合物的方法
CN1122798C (zh) 为低温精馏装置提供致冷的方法和设备
CN1028032C (zh) 氟代烃恒沸组合物
CN1330123A (zh) 采用多组分冷冻剂的食品冷冻方法
US20030042463A1 (en) Multicomponent refrigerant fluids for low and cryogenic temperatures
CN1295229A (zh) 生产气态氮和气态氧的低温空气分离法
CN1082590A (zh) 包括五氟二甲醚的制冷组合物
CN109780817A (zh) 工业气体的多回路低温液化
MXPA99011766A (es) Sistema de refrigeracion de carga variable particularmente para temperaturas criogenicas

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: PLEX TECHNOLOGIES CORP.

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: PLACER TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.

Effective date: 20010824

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20010824

Applicant after: Praxair Technology, Inc.

Applicant before: Praxair Technology Inc.

C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C19 Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee