CN1258441A - Waterlogging-tolerant method for rice - Google Patents
Waterlogging-tolerant method for rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN1258441A CN1258441A CN98121735A CN98121735A CN1258441A CN 1258441 A CN1258441 A CN 1258441A CN 98121735 A CN98121735 A CN 98121735A CN 98121735 A CN98121735 A CN 98121735A CN 1258441 A CN1258441 A CN 1258441A
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Abstract
The waterlogging tolerant technology for rice aims at raising the waterlogging resistance of rice to raise rice yield through reducing natural disasters. The process of the present invention includes the selection of waterlogging tolerant variety, raising stocky seedlings with multiple tillers and high resistance and applying multi-element fertilizer before waterlogging as well as the chemical regulation and scientific field management during waterlogging. The present invention can raise the C/N level of rice, regulate inner metabolism, and raise the waterlogging resistance of rice.
Description
The invention discloses a kind of waterlogging-tolerant method for rice, relate to waterlogging cultivation of paddy rice and administrative skill.
Rice Production is because the biological property of itself has determined its production process many with adverse circumstance factors such as waterlogging stains.Along with the increase and the ecotope of population pressure goes from bad to worse, flood frequently takes place in Rice Production season, and harm is serious day by day, has become one of main ecological adverse circumstance factor of restriction Rice Production.In the 60 to 70's of China, the lake region is subject to the area of seasonal flood influence to some, tackles flood by adopting the high bar rice that swims; Along with the appearance of high yield semi-dwarf mutant paddy rice and reclaim land from a lake on a large scale, the rice that swims is replaced by the semi-dwarf mutant paddy rice high stalk gradually.At present both at home and abroad the anti-Physiology and biochemistry that floods waterlogging of paddy rice is changed and the research of mode of inheritance more, what have has been deep into molecular level; But relevant paddy rice is anti-, and to flood the research of waterlogging cultivation less, and be limited to single factor experiment more, lacks multinomial polytechnic integrated assembling, waterlogging-resistant DeGrain in actual production.
The objective of the invention is to concentrate the 5-7 month that occurs in every year at China's Yangtze River Flood; to the big characteristics of semilate rice harm morning, the outstanding waterlogging cultivation of protectiveness, thus improve the waterlogging ability of paddy rice; reduce the loss that damage caused by waterlogging causes Rice Production, realize the target that the mitigation guarantor produces.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, promptly technical mainly follow strong seedling how anti-, early send out strong stalk, storage sugar is waterlogging-resistant, floods back healthy tree cultivation, the control bud protects leaf, promotes the reasonable running of photosynthetic product, protects the principle that fringe increases.Select waterlogging-tolerant variety (combination) simultaneously for use, cultivate the strong seedling of many tillers, change the rice transplanting mode, enrich multi-element fertilizer and change the proportioning of different fertilizer consumption and spray the method for forming a complete and comprehensive system for collecting real estate fees such as waterlogging-resistant dose.
Further specify below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is this method flow chart, wherein:
Before A-floods waterlogging, B-floods waterlogging back, the screening of 1-waterlogging-tolerant variety, the many tillers of 2-how anti-strong seedlings cultivated, the 3-polynary fertilizer is used, the waterlogging-resistant chemical regulation of 4-, the scientific management of 5-field.
As shown in Figure 1, this method flow process is to flood the preceding A of waterlogging: how waterlogging back B is used → flooded to anti-strong seedlings cultivation 2 → polynary fertilizer to waterlogging-tolerant variety screening 1 → many tillers: waterlogging-resistant chemical regulation 4 → field scientific management 5.
1, waterlogging-tolerant variety (combination) screening
Selecting waterlogging kind (combination) is to flood waterlogging to coerce down the basis that product is protected in mitigation.Mainly follow following several principles in the selection of waterlogging-tolerant variety: 1. to select with agronomy patience be main standard for early rice and semilate rice, and it is less that kind its booting stage to the full heading time that agronomy patience is strong is flooded the underproduction.2. the anti-ability of flooding of japonica rice obviously is not so good as long-grained nonglutinous rice, thereby suitable Xian is Xian then.3. tall and bigly tightly beat as far as possible, sword-like leave is longer by plant type for waterlogging-tolerant variety, reduces and flood fully the waterlogging time.4. the anti-waterlogging ability of flooding of hybrid rice is subjected to male parent and maternal influencing jointly, must choose all stronger combination of this waterlogging ability of father and mother as far as possible, and the anti-waterlogging ability of flooding of male sterile line in ternary hybrid rice is the strongest with new fragrant A, is V20A secondly, is golden 23A once more.
2, many tillers how cultivate by anti-strong seedling
The quality of seedling quality influences the key point of rice yield often.Good seedling quality reduces casualty loss and also has tangible effect increasing degeneration-resistant border ability, floods in the waterlogging cultivation in that paddy rice is anti-, and the engineering philosophy of cultivating strong seedling is: 1. broadcast preceding employing " cold and hot " and alternately coerce, induce the enhancing of the waterlogging-resistant property of rice shoot.2. rice seedling bed heavy dressing farmers' base manure satisfies strong seedling growth requirement.3. seedling raising method adopts light seeding, drought to educate and add S 3307, promotes the strong seedling of many tillers to form.4. dark mud accumulated water field can appropriateness increase the transplanting of length of time rice seedlings grow 5.5-6.1 leaf.
3, polynary fertilizer is used
Under the normal condition, whether the fertilizer supply abundance, and rice yield is played decisive influence.The fertile condition of foot is not only the assurance of rice high yield, and simultaneously, it also can strengthen the ability in the degeneration-resistant border of crop, reduces casualty loss.But in waterlogging high-yield culturing, the using and many characteristics that are different from normal high-yield culturing arranged of fertilizer.1. in waterlogging cultivation, N, P, K, Zn, Si fertilizer all have the effect that strengthens the waterlogging-resistant ability of paddy rice preferably, and it is remarkable to make effect mutually.Total fertilization principle is a heavy dressing base manure, early executes tillering fertilizer, and suitable nitrogen fertilizer application enriches potash fertilizer, mends and executes calcium silicate fertilizer, and selectivity is executed zinc fertilizer, realizes strong stalk early to send out.2. be standard for 400 kilograms with not disaster-stricken normal rice field per mu yield, the suitable 130-180kg/hm2 of general land for growing field crops purity nitrogen consumption, pure potassium 100-120kg/hm2, the two ratio (N/K) is between 1.0-1.2.Base manure, topdress and the granulated fertilizer ratio is 5
*S4
*S1.3. phosphate fertilizer has and promotes rice plant to tiller, and reduces Peroxidase activity, and strengthen cell membrane stability under the adverse environmental factor, and improve the effect of the percentage of earbearing tiller: its optimum dose is about superphosphate 500kg/hm2.4. the zinc fertilizer amount of application is generally white vitriol 15-30kg/hm2.5. calcium silicate fertilizer can improve the disease-resistant lodging tolerance of paddy rice usually, and in waterlogging cultivation, amount of application is generally soluble silica 150-300kg/hm2.6. after paddy rice was flooded waterlogging, compensating fertilizer and quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer helped paddy rice and recover life, increase and tiller, improve ripening rate and seed circularity; The common per hectare of rice seedling before general booting stage is executed urea 45-150kg, potassium chloride 45-75kg.Method of application is selected " relay fertilising ", on a small quantity repeatedly.The common per hectare benefit of rice seedling after booting stage is executed urea 15-45kg/hm2, potassium chloride 15-30kg/hm2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 7.5-15kg/hm2.
4, waterlogging-resistant chemical regulation
After paddy rice was flooded waterlogging, plant caused the cellular metabolism confusion because of anoxic, structural damage, and inner hormone is out of proportion.We have matched a kind of composite chemical adjusting control agent (agent of many morals) ourselves, no matter flood before the waterlogging or after flooding waterlogging in the production to spray, and to improving the anti-waterlogging ability of flooding of paddy rice effect of increasing production are preferably arranged all.Compare with contrast (spraying clear water), spray can reduce behind the chemical regulator and flood waterlogging back death rate, improve the percentage of earbearing tiller, increase ripening rate and thousand kernel weight, the minimizing damage caused by waterlogging loses more than 15%.Using method promptly rice tillering contain the phase and flooded the back respectively every mu of usefulness waterlogging-resistant dose one bottle (50ml) convert water and spray for 50 kilograms.
5, flood field scientific management after the waterlogging
1. timely draining, minimizing is flooded the waterlogging time as far as possible: draining combines with scrubbing, after the draining, in time puts a lodged plant upright, and rejects damaged leaf, strong yellow leaf, reduces the pathogenic disease that passes of the cauline leaf that rots, and increases between seedling and ventilates, and reduces field humidity.
2. select strong chlorine oil (before the heading) or agricultural chloramphenicol etc. to carry out sterilizing after the draining rapidly, prevent that banded sclerotial blight, bacterial leaf-blight, bacterial stripe from spreading.In conjunction with sterilization, select plant growth regulator such as rare earth, waterlogging-resistant dose, carry out foliage-spray, to correct rice strain endotrophic and hormone imbalances.In time impose quick action fertilizer, promote growth, build up resistance;
3. adopt and do wet the irrigation, increase the soil aeration situation, improve rhizospheric environment, strengthen the root system vigor; Fringe phase beginning sprays " 920 ", reduces the bag neck, increases solid; The breast fringe phase sprays the blade face efficient compound fertilizer, prolongs the functional leaf life-span, improves thousand kernel weight;
4. the early rice that enters booting stage and flooded also must appropriateness be put the field except above normal field management, suppress high-order bud.During heading, every mu sprays " 920 " 1-2g, promotes that being subjected to press down fringe in time extracts out; The stout and strong seed in milk ripe stage spray blade face sprays the ethylene agent accelerating stage of yellow ripeness and gets the harvest in quickly.
5. early rice suppresses high-order bud.
The present invention by above-mentioned a series of in steps agronomic measures and the processing of chemical regulation measure, make paddy rice have higher C/N level, inner metabolism is coordinated, and can obviously improve the waterlogging ability of paddy rice.And because the present invention is workable, effect is remarkable, and wide application prospect is arranged.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of waterlogging-tolerant method for rice, it is characterized in that its method flow is, flood (A) before the waterlogging: waterlogging-tolerant variety screening (1) → many tillers how anti-strong seedlings are cultivated (2) → polynary fertilizers and are used (3) → flood waterlogging back (B): waterlogging-resistant chemical regulation (4) → field scientific management (5).
2,, it is characterized in that waterlogging-tolerant variety screening 1 is to be main standard with agronomy patience 1. by the described a kind of waterlogging-tolerant method for rice of claim 1; 2. suitable Xian is Xian then; 3. plant type is tall and bigly tightly beaten, sword-like leave is longer; 4. hybrid rice is chosen all stronger combination of this waterlogging ability of father and mother as far as possible.
3,, it is characterized in that how anti-strong seedling cultivation 2 is to adopt to cold and heat succeed each other before 1. broadcasting and coerce to many tillers by the described a kind of waterlogging-tolerant method for rice of claim 1; 2. heavy dressing farmers' base manure; 3. adopt light seeding, drought to educate and add S 3307.
4, by the described a kind of waterlogging-tolerant method for rice of claim 1, it is characterized in that polynary fertilizer uses 3 and be, heavy dressing base manure is early executed tillering fertilizer, and suitable nitrogen fertilizer application enriches potash fertilizer, mends and executes calcium silicate fertilizer, and selectivity is executed zinc fertilizer.
5, by the described a kind of waterlogging-tolerant method for rice of claim 1, it is characterized in that waterlogging-resistant chemical regulation 4 is, spray the sharp composite chemical adjusting control agent of many morals.
6, by the described a kind of waterlogging-tolerant method for rice of claim 1, it is characterized in that scientific management is in the field, 1. draining in time; 2. select sterilizings such as strong chlorine oil; 3. adopt and do wet the irrigation; 4. appropriateness is put the field.5. early rice suppresses high-order bud.
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| CN98121735A CN1258441A (en) | 1998-12-25 | 1998-12-25 | Waterlogging-tolerant method for rice |
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| CN98121735A CN1258441A (en) | 1998-12-25 | 1998-12-25 | Waterlogging-tolerant method for rice |
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| CN1258441A true CN1258441A (en) | 2000-07-05 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104885837A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-09 | 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 | Flooding tolerance indoor identification method for direct sowing rice in northern area |
| CN104920089A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-23 | 宋立胜 | Screening method for flood-resisting parent for breeding direct-sowing rice |
| CN106376403A (en) * | 2015-07-26 | 2017-02-08 | 峡江县植保植检站 | Determining method for total flooding economical critical rescue time of paddy rice in various growth periods |
| CN107155558A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-15 | 安徽舒州农业科技有限责任公司 | One kind remedies the impregnable management method of yield after paddy rice damage caused by waterlogging |
| CN107691128A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-16 | 上海应用技术大学 | Resistance to overhead flooding injury tawny daylily method for screening varieties |
-
1998
- 1998-12-25 CN CN98121735A patent/CN1258441A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104885837A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-09 | 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 | Flooding tolerance indoor identification method for direct sowing rice in northern area |
| CN104920089A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-23 | 宋立胜 | Screening method for flood-resisting parent for breeding direct-sowing rice |
| CN104885837B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-03-01 | 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 | A kind of resistance to the flooding property indoor appraising method of northern area Direct-seeding Rice |
| CN104920089B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-06-30 | 徐州佳禾农业科技有限公司 | A kind of resistance to screening technique for flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding |
| CN106376403A (en) * | 2015-07-26 | 2017-02-08 | 峡江县植保植检站 | Determining method for total flooding economical critical rescue time of paddy rice in various growth periods |
| CN107155558A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-15 | 安徽舒州农业科技有限责任公司 | One kind remedies the impregnable management method of yield after paddy rice damage caused by waterlogging |
| CN107691128A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-16 | 上海应用技术大学 | Resistance to overhead flooding injury tawny daylily method for screening varieties |
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