CN104920089A - Screening method for flood-resisting parent for breeding direct-sowing rice - Google Patents
Screening method for flood-resisting parent for breeding direct-sowing rice Download PDFInfo
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- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a screening method for a flood-resisting parent for breeding direct-sowing rice. The identification method comprises the following steps of: (1) pre-treating a to-be-screened rice species resource; (2) carrying out indoor identification on the flood resistance of the direct-sowing rice; (3) analyzing the flood-resisting composition of the direct-sowing rice; and (4) selecting the flood-resisting parent for breeding the direct-sowing rice in a pertinent manner in a region. The screening method disclosed by the invention can be used for overcoming the defects that a conventional direct-sowing rice identification method is poor in field environment simulation, poor in region pertinence, low in reliability of the identification result and the like, and the screening method for the flood-resisting parent for breeding the direct-sowing rice which is good in identification environment simulation, clear in flood-resisting mechanism, good in region pertinence and high in reliability of the identification result is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agriculture science, specifically a kind ofly identify that environmental simulation is good, resistance to and flood mechanism good, that qualification result reliability the is high Direct-seeding Rice breeding of clear and definite, the regional specific aim resistance to screening technique flooding parent.
Background technology
Rice direct-seeding technology becomes the ideal style of the light simple Efficient Cultivation of paddy rice in agricultural modernization just gradually, it not only has saving of labor, save time and the feature such as efficient, and forming in the unit are spike number in the large key element of output three, thousand kernel weight two, Direct-seeding Rice also has high yield advantage than transplanting rice.In Direct-seeding Rice production process, the full stand in seedling stage and strong sprout are one of key factors determining high yield.Because Direct-seeding Rice is in water logging environment when sprouting, water logging is conducive to controlling weeds and is but unfavorable for Direct-seeding Rice seedling, and anoxic coerces the planting percent reducing paddy rice.Therefore, cultivate the good rice varieties with hypoxia-bearing capability in seedling stage and will play facilitation to Direct-seeding Rice production.
Paddy rice is the cereal that uniquely can sprout under oxygen-free environment, in long-term evolution process, develops and certain adaptation mechanism, generally can be divided into two kinds to Submergence stress: resistance to flood mechanism and keep away the mechanism of flooding.When the resistance to mechanism of flooding refers to that rice varieties suffers to flood flood, Submergence stress can not stimulate carbohydrate in paddy rice tachyauxesis and body too much to consume, thus after making it suffer short-term to flood flood, plant still maintains vigour, again restoration ecosystem; Keep away the mechanism of flooding when referring to that rice varieties suffers Submergence stress, plant strain growth speed and substance in vivo accretion rate are obviously accelerated, growth speedup is obvious, plant is made to stretch out the water surface as early as possible to reach the object breaking away from Submergence stress, but a series of unwanted metabolic products is also brought to the stimulation of paddy growth and internal metabolism, produce physiological damage.As the cereal crops that the whole world is important, different growing suffers the paddy rice of Submergence stress to obtain submerge tolerance by different mechanism.When paddy rice suffers water logging, owing to being subject to Hypoxia Stress, cause its aerobic respiration to be suppressed, then carry out energy and supply limited anaerobic respiration.Ethylene responses factor S ub1A rice seedling by when flooding by suppress gibberellin mediation reaction and the generation of negative feedback inhibition ethene, thus Cell growth inhibition reduce energy ezpenditure and longer resistance toly flood the time to obtain, the ethylene responses factor that some rice varieties has then promotes that cell elongation grows, and then makes plant break through the water surface as early as possible and recapture oxygen.The submerge tolerance of paddy rice is resistance to often to be flooded machine-processed and keeps away the result of flooding machine-processed comprehensive function.
Research find, when rice seed germination is in anaerobic condition, root and leaf growth be suppressed, coleoptile then rapid elongation to recapture oxygen as early as possible.Express induction of CIPK15 when separately studies have found that the reason of Deficiency Xn Rice Plants oxygen condition coleoptile rapid elongation is hypoxemia sprouting, CIPK15 activates further to coerce and experiences factor S nRK1, and then cause a series of downstreams cascade reaction, comprise induced transcription factor MYBS1 to express, and then strengthen the expression of amylolytic enzyme gene and the synthesis of induction alcohol dehydrogenase, accelerate the metabolism of paddy rice anaerobic respiration and material, thus facilitate the rapid elongation of coleoptile.Except anaerobic respiration metabolism, research finds that anoxic is sprouted and also relates to a series of biochemical reactions such as active oxygen, nitrite, ferrous ion, nitric oxide, pyrophosphate, ferroheme, swollenin, lipid peroxidation, acidifying, and current mechanism is still unknown.
After direct seading rice floods damage caused by waterlogging evil, a large amount of ponding in field.Except causing anoxic to seed germination and coercing, Direct-seeding Rice must be brought to sprout the change of the other influences factor, and current research have ignored this point, and we study discovery, significant low temperature environment is created under soil media after water logging, thus inhibit Direct-seeding Rice bud scale to extend, therefore antagonism low temperature stress is a key factor of rice direct-seeding seedling.
For more targetedly, better serving Direct-seeding Rice breeding to microclimate and water logging feature, we devise the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding, kind of matter is carried out to variety resources of rice and sprouts submerge tolerance screening, filter out strong, the resistance to mechanism of flooding of submerge tolerance more for the germ plasm resource of local characteristics as breeding parent, bring great convenience to the work of Direct-seeding Rice breed breeding.Except being applied to, Direct-seeding Rice breeding is resistance to floods except parental line selection in the present invention, can also be applied to paddy rice resistance to flood resource excavation qualification, resistance toly flood the various fields such as gene location and the research of submerge tolerance biochemical molecular mechanism difference genetic development.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the shortcomings such as poor for poor, the regional specific aim of existing Direct-seeding Rice process for screening and identifying land for growing field crops environmental simulation, qualification result reliability is low, provide and a kind ofly identify that environmental simulation is good, resistance to and flood mechanism good, that qualification result reliability the is high Direct-seeding Rice breeding of clear and definite, the regional specific aim resistance to screening technique flooding parent.
The object of the invention is to solve by the following technical programs:
The resistance to screening technique flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding, is characterized in that: described screening technique step is as follows:
(1) variety resources of rice pretreatment to be screened: variety resources of rice seed to be screened is put into culture dish, adds medicining liquid dipping sterilizing; Use ultrapure water 3 times after sterilizing, then in ultra-pure water, Steeping and budding suctions moisture, and after pretreatment, every part of seed is used for rear three tests;
(2) the indoor qualification of Direct-seeding Rice submerge tolerance:
A) in vitro seedling is resistance to floods test: be placed in by the seed suctioning moisture in a Boiling tube, eachly in vitro puts into a kind/family 10-20 grain seed, and the ultra-pure water in vitro injecting certain altitude floods seed; Boiling tube is placed in climatic cabinate light culture a period of time, using the coleoptile length sprouted as the in vitro resistance to evaluation index of flooding test of seedling;
B) soil media seedling is resistance to floods test: plastic culture tray bottom is evenly distributed with the limbers that diameter is 0.4 cm dense distribution; Layer overlay newspaper on plastic culture dish, newspaper is spread the soil horizon that 5cm is thick, immersion is drenched, and uses patter even uniform; With threaded plastic plate, plastic culture dish is divided into the square groove of size uniformity, the length and width of square groove, is deeply respectively 4,4,6 cm, with ready-made square groove, wet soil is divided into the grid of fixed size; Each grid broadcasts a rice varieties/family, and each kind/family broadcasts 16, and after planting even earthing 1cm, then puts into the crop insect co-cultivation box of indoor placement by plastic culture dish; 5cm place, soil layer top reference mark measured by ruler, and water flowing arrives this water level, leaves standstill after 2 hours, supplies water level to graduation mark, later moisturizing every day 2 times, maintains soil layer 5cm water logging state; Add up germinative number after cultivating a period of time under certain condition of culture is set and also measure the coleoptile length of normally sprouting, using the coleoptile length sprouted as the resistance to evaluation index of flooding test of soil media seedling;
C) rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment:: b) the resistance to culture environment of flooding test of soil media seedling is identical for the culture environment of this test and step (2), soil layer distance water surface 5cm water logging state in culture plate is set in indoor crops insect co-cultivation box, grow the coleoptile length after a period of time under the water logging environment that after waterlogging, measuring distance soil horizon water logging 5cm, seed earthing 1cm are dark, be accurate to 1 mm; Calculate rice direct-seeding planting percent, the evaluation index using live planting percent as rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment;
(3) Direct-seeding Rice submerge tolerance forms anatomy: to submerge tolerance indoor qualification three test integrated treatment, analyze the resistance of rice paddy seed three aspects to be identified:
A) cold hardiness: cold hardiness reduces percentage backward attribute by low temperature bud scale, kind/family low temperature bud scale reduces percentage≤25%, and kind/family low temperature bud scale reduces percentage=(in vitro seedling resistance to flood test bud scale length-soil media seedling resistance to flood test bud scale long) ÷ in vitro seedling is resistance to floods test bud scale length;
B) keep away the mechanism of flooding: keep away the mechanism of flooding and flood result of the test and the resistance to result of the test of flooding of soil media seedling characterizes respectively by vitro seedling is resistance to, in vitro seedling resistance toly floods test bud scale length >=4.8cm, resistance to the flooding of soil media seedling tests bud scale length >=2.8cm;
C) resistance toly mechanism is flooded: the resistance to mechanism of flooding is characterized by rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment result, rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment planting percent >=35%;
(4) breeding of regional specific aim Direct-seeding Rice is resistance to floods Juvenile stage: for microclimate feature and water logging normality, select resistance to kind/family of flooding as Direct-seeding Rice breeding parent pointedly: if easily meet with submerged cryogenic during Direct-seeding Rice sowing water logging, then the paddy rice that preferably Direct-seeding Rice cold hardiness is strong is as breeding parent; If the regional land for growing field crops water logging time is shorter, then preferably keep away the strong paddy rice of the mechanism of flooding as breeding parent; If the regional land for growing field crops water logging time is longer, then the paddy rice that preferably the resistance to mechanism of flooding is strong is as breeding parent.
Thimerosal in described step (1) is 0.6% liquor natrii hypochloritis, carries out sterilizing 15min.
The ultra-pure water temperature of soaking presprouting of seeds in described step (1) is 25 DEG C, and the time is 48h.
The ultra-pure water of interior a) the middle certain altitude of described step (2) is liquid level distance seed height is 10-20 cm.
In interior a) the middle climatic cabinate of described step (2), temperature controls to be 25 degree; Described light culture a period of time is 5-7 days.
Described step (2) interior b) in certain condition of culture is set to refer to condition of culture in crop insect co-cultivation box is 14 hours photoperiods/dark 10 hours, intensity of illumination is 2.7-3.3 ten thousand lux, and humidity is 70%-85%, and indoor air temperature is 24-26 degree.
Described step (2) is interior b) middle cultivates a period of time for cultivating 5-7 days; Interior incubation time b) of described step (2) is identical with interior incubation time a) of step (2).
Growing a period of time under interior c) the middle water logging environment of described step (2) is 13-17 days.
The statistical method of interior c) the middle rice direct-seeding planting percent of described step (2) is: due to seed earthing 1cm, soil layer water logging 5cm, therefore seed distance water surface 6cm, with the seed tag of coleoptile length >6cm for seedling, ratio shared by statistics seedling seed, i.e. rice direct-seeding planting percent.
Described step (4) interior c) in the water logging time comparatively brachydactylia water logging time≤10 days; Longer finger water logging water logging time, > time 10 days.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 floods test in vitro soil media seedling is resistance to and floods experimental control result schematic diagram with in vitro seedling is resistance to.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
The resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding, it is characterized in that: this authentication method step is as follows: the variety resources of rice pretreatment that (1) is to be screened: variety resources of rice seed to be screened is put into culture dish, add 0.6% liquor natrii hypochloritis, carry out sterilizing 15min; Use ultrapure water 3 times after sterilizing, then Steeping and budding 48h in 25 DEG C of ultra-pure waters, suctions moisture, and after pretreatment, every kind/family seed is used for rear three tests;
(2) the indoor qualification of Direct-seeding Rice submerge tolerance:
A) in vitro seedling is resistance to floods test: be placed in by the seed suctioning moisture in a Boiling tube, eachly in vitro puts into a kind/family 10-20 grain seed, in vitro injects ultra-pure water and floods seed, and liquid level distance seed height is 10-20 cm; Boiling tube is placed in climatic cabinate 25 DEG C of light culture 5-7 days, using the coleoptile length sprouted as the in vitro resistance to evaluation index of flooding test of seedling;
B) soil media seedling is resistance to floods test: plastic culture tray bottom is evenly distributed with the limbers that diameter is 0.4 cm dense distribution; Layer overlay newspaper on plastic culture dish, newspaper is spread the soil horizon that 5cm is thick, immersion is drenched, and uses patter even uniform; With threaded plastic plate, plastic culture dish is divided into the square groove of size uniformity, the length and width of square groove, is deeply respectively 4,4,6 cm, with ready-made square groove, wet soil is divided into the grid of fixed size; Each grid broadcasts a rice varieties/family, and each kind/family broadcasts 16, and after planting even earthing 1cm, then puts into the crop insect co-cultivation box of indoor placement by plastic culture dish; 5cm place, soil layer top reference mark measured by ruler, and water flowing arrives this water level, leaves standstill after 2 hours, supplies water level to graduation mark, later moisturizing every day 2 times, maintains soil layer 5cm water logging state; In crop insect co-cultivation box, condition of culture controls as 14 hours photoperiods/dark 10 hours, intensity of illumination is 2.7-3.3 ten thousand lux, humidity is 70%-85%, indoor air temperature is 24-26 degree, cultivate 5-7 days, this incubation time is identical with the light culture time in a) step, then adds up germinative number and also measures the coleoptile length of normally sprouting, using the coleoptile length sprouted as the resistance to evaluation index of flooding test of soil media seedling;
C) rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment: seeding method and training method flood test with soil media seedling is resistance to, soil layer distance water surface 5cm water logging state in culture plate is set in indoor crops insect co-cultivation box equally, grow the coleoptile length after 13-17 days under the water logging environment that after waterlogging, measuring distance soil horizon water logging 5cm, seed earthing 1cm are dark, be accurate to 1 mm; Due to soil layer water logging 5cm, seed earthing 1cm, therefore seed distance water surface 6cm, with the seed tag of coleoptile length >6cm for seedling, adds up into the ratio shared by seed, i.e. rice direct-seeding planting percent, the evaluation index using live planting percent as rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment;
(3) Direct-seeding Rice submerge tolerance forms anatomy: to submerge tolerance indoor qualification three test integrated treatment, analyze the resistance of rice paddy seed three aspects to be identified:
A) cold hardiness: cold hardiness reduces percentage backward attribute by low temperature bud scale, kind/family low temperature bud scale reduces percentage≤25%, and kind/family low temperature bud scale reduces percentage=(in vitro seedling resistance to flood test bud scale length-soil media seedling resistance to flood test bud scale long) ÷ in vitro seedling is resistance to floods test bud scale length;
B) keep away the mechanism of flooding: keep away the mechanism of flooding and flood result of the test and the resistance to result of the test of flooding of soil media seedling characterizes respectively by vitro seedling is resistance to, in vitro seedling resistance toly floods test bud scale length >=4.8cm, resistance to the flooding of soil media seedling tests bud scale length >=2.8cm;
C) resistance toly mechanism is flooded: the resistance to mechanism of flooding is characterized by rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment result, rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment planting percent >=35%;
(4) breeding of regional specific aim Direct-seeding Rice is resistance to floods Juvenile stage: for microclimate feature and water logging normality, select resistance to kind/family of flooding as Direct-seeding Rice breeding parent pointedly, if easily meet with submerged cryogenic during Direct-seeding Rice sowing water logging, then the paddy rice that preferably Direct-seeding Rice cold hardiness is strong is as breeding parent; If the regional land for growing field crops water logging time shorter (≤10 days), then preferably keep away the strong paddy rice of the mechanism of flooding as breeding parent; If the regional land for growing field crops water logging time longer (> 10 days), then the paddy rice that preferably the resistance to mechanism of flooding is strong is as breeding parent.
Embodiment 1
In April, 2013,38 rice varieties are selected to carry out the indoor qualification of Direct-seeding Rice submerge tolerance, 38 rice varieties are divided into 5 ecotypes according to the morning and evening at heading stage, wherein round-grained rice in environmental I(precocity) 2, environmental II (in ripe middle round-grained rice) 12, environmental III (Japonica rice) 12, environmental IV (early season late-rice) 8, ripe late round-grained rice in environmental V() 4.
The screening technique of the resistance to parent of flooding of Direct-seeding Rice breeding is implemented according to technology path of the present invention, and after wherein pretreatment terminates, three experiments are got 16 full seeds respectively and tested, each kind every Setup Experiments two repetition.In vitro the resistance to experimental liquid identity distance that floods of seedling is set to 20 cm from seed height, in vitro seedling is resistance to floods test and tests incubation time be all set to 7 days with resistance to the flooding of soil media seedling, in crop insect co-cultivation box, condition of culture is all set to 14 hours photoperiods/dark 10 hours, intensity of illumination 30,000 lux, humidity 80%, indoor air temperature 25 degree, and rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment incubation time is set to 15 days.
In vitro seedling is resistance to floods test and floods test all select coleoptile length as investigation index with soil media seedling is resistance to, and rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment selects live planting percent as investigation index, and result is as table 1.
Embodiment 2
The environmental factor of two kinds of water logging modes has carried out measuring comparing by we, and result is as table 2.Can be found by table 2, in soil media, seedling is resistance to floods in test, although culturing room's temperature is maintained at about 25 degree, but in soil media, the sprouting environmental temperature of seed rice only has 17.2 DEG C in plastic culture dish, lower than indoor air temperature 7.9 DEG C, create significant low temperature environment under soil media after water logging is described.
The water that Frantz etc. study discovery 5cm deeply static can keep anoxia condition, and in water, the dissolved oxygen of trace does not have impact to the germination of research anoxic.Illumination because the nutrition organs of rice paddy seed is stored with a large amount of nutrition, provide nutrition without the need to photosynthesis, and germination process plant also do not have chlorophyll, can not photosynthesis be carried out, so there is no significance impact to rice seed germination.In soil media, seed germination also needs the pressure that breaks ground in addition, brings pressure may to the sprouting of seed.The difference of environmental factor under Integrated comparative two kinds of water logging modes, Germination Temperature and sprouting pressure are the reasons that possible cause bud scale to extend significant difference.
Embodiment 3
For the medium that sprouts different under inspection water logging environment affects level to Seed Germination of Rice pressure, 10 representational rice varieties (each ecotype selects 2 kinds) are selected from participating in resistance to the flooding 38 rice varieties of test of in vitro seedling, devise that in vitro soil media seedling is resistance to floods test, test (pure water medium) contrast with resistance to the flooding of in vitro seedling.In vitro the resistance to test concrete grammar that floods of soil media seedling is: be placed in by the seed suctioning moisture in a Boiling tube, eachly in vitro put 16 seeds, then at the soil layer of seed rice surface coverage 1cm height, inject purified water, seed is apart from the water surface 20 cm, and other condition floods test with in vitro seedling is resistance to.In vitro soil media seedling is resistance to floods test with the in vitro resistance to experimental control result of flooding of seedling as accompanying drawing 1.
In vitro resistance to the flooding in test of seedling sprouts environment entirely under pure water medium, and the average coleoptile length of 10 kinds is 4.21cm; And flood in test soil media seedling is resistance to, the average coleoptile length of this 10 kind is 2.66cm, and average bud is long reduces 1.55cm.In vitro seedling is resistance to floods under seed germination in test adds 1cm soil media pressure, the average coleoptile length of 10 kind is 4.09, average bud is long reduces 0.13cm, and coleoptile length reducing amount only accounts for that soil media seedling is resistance to floods 8.4% of coleoptile length reducing amount in test.
In vitro the resistance to result of flooding test of soil media seedling proves, sprouts medium very low to the level of bud scale extension effects.Therefore, the resistance to remarkable suppression of flooding bud scale elongation in test of soil media seedling is mainly caused seed germination low temperature stress by the remarkable low temperature environment produced under soil media after water logging.
Embodiment 4
In vitro seedling resistance to what flood test reflection is the elongation of seed bud scale under preference temperature (25 DEG C) short-term (7d) water logging environment, major embodiment kind is kept away and is flooded machining function; Soil media seedling is resistance to floods test and rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment closer to sowing in the field environment after water logging, especially highlight the impact that water logging low temperature under anaerobic environment extends paddy rice bud scale, by vitro seedling resistance to flood test and the resistance to contrast of flooding test of soil media seedling can filter out anaerobic environment under low temperature resistant variety resources of rice; Soil media seedling is resistance to, and what flood test reflection is the elongation of water logging environment lower short-term (7d) bud scale, major embodiment kind is kept away and is flooded machining function, and the reflection of rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment is the elongation of the bud scale of same environment lower long term (15d), major embodiment kind is resistance to floods machining function, floods that test and rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment can analyzing rice be resistance to floods machine-processed composition structure by soil media seedling is resistance to.
Integrated embodiment 1-3, carries out Direct-seeding Rice submerge tolerance to the rice varieties participating in qualification and forms anatomy, as table 3.
The resistance to ability of flooding of Direct-seeding Rice low temperature resistant, is resistance toly flooded and keep away the result of flooding machine-processed comprehensive function, and the breeding demand of various places Direct-seeding Rice is different.Along with submerged cryogenic after the water logging of a lot of regional Direct-seeding Rice seedtime experience, antagonism low temperature stress is the problem that this area's Direct-seeding Rice breeding needs emphasis to consider.Keep away the mechanism of flooding to show significantly the promotion that bud scale under short-term water logging environment extends, but under long-time water logging environment, bud scale vigor is lasting, the resistance to mechanism of flooding of continued propagation remains more important to Direct-seeding Rice vigor.Therefore, the qualification of various places Direct-seeding Rice submerge tolerance, dissect the resistance to of kind of matter and flood composition, for the water logging feature of locality, cultivates and is applicable to local live Direct-seeding Rice kind.
Southern shandong area belongs to Northern Part of China, Direct-seeding Rice water logging easily meets with submerged cryogenic season, and Direct-seeding Rice land for growing field crops easily meets with the water logging environment of more than 10 days, therefore, our preferred paddy rice cold hardiness and all strong rice pest insects of the resistance to mechanism of flooding are as breeding parent, the experimental result of consolidated statement 1 and table 3, we select nasal mucus rice 12(paddy rice cold hardiness: low temperature bud scale decreasing value is 21%; Resistance toly flood mechanism: Direct-seeding Rice planting percent is 63%) flood breeding parent as Direct-seeding Rice is resistance to, hybridize with local core breeding parent, obtain hybridization F2, within 2015, screen further and obtain the Direct-seeding Rice strain 3 that submerge tolerance is significantly improved, economical character is good, enter subsequent production comparative test.
The present invention devises resistance to resistance to test and the rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment of flooding of test, soil media seedling that flood of in vitro seedling and carries out that Direct-seeding Rice is resistance to floods qualification and resistance toly flood mechanism analysis, the shortcoming such as poor for existing Direct-seeding Rice process for screening and identifying land for growing field crops environmental simulation, qualification result reliability is low, provide a kind of resistance to screening technique flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding identifying that environmental simulation is good, reliability is high, the resistance to mechanism of flooding is clearly demarcated, to Direct-seeding Rice breed breeding and the resistance to Study on Genetic Basis of flooding of paddy rice, there is important guiding value.
Above embodiment is only and technological thought of the present invention is described, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every technological thought proposed according to the present invention, and any change that technical scheme basis is done, all falls within scope; The technology that the present invention does not relate to all is realized by prior art.
Claims (10)
1. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of Direct-seeding Rice breeding, is characterized in that: described screening technique step is as follows:
(1) variety resources of rice pretreatment to be screened: variety resources of rice seed to be screened is put into culture dish, adds medicining liquid dipping sterilizing; Use ultrapure water 3 times after sterilizing, then in ultra-pure water, Steeping and budding suctions moisture, and after pretreatment, every part of seed is used for rear three tests;
(2) the indoor qualification of Direct-seeding Rice submerge tolerance:
A) in vitro seedling is resistance to floods test: be placed in by the seed suctioning moisture in a Boiling tube, eachly in vitro puts into a kind/family 10-20 grain seed, and the ultra-pure water in vitro injecting certain altitude floods seed; Boiling tube is placed in climatic cabinate light culture a period of time, using the coleoptile length sprouted as the in vitro resistance to evaluation index of flooding test of seedling;
B) soil media seedling is resistance to floods test: plastic culture tray bottom is evenly distributed with the limbers that diameter is 0.4 cm dense distribution; Layer overlay newspaper on plastic culture dish, newspaper is spread the soil horizon that 5cm is thick, immersion is drenched, and uses patter even uniform; With threaded plastic plate, plastic culture dish is divided into the square groove of size uniformity, the length and width of square groove, is deeply respectively 4,4,6 cm, with ready-made square groove, wet soil is divided into the grid of fixed size; Each grid broadcasts a rice varieties/family, and each kind/family broadcasts 16, and after planting even earthing 1cm, then puts into the crop insect co-cultivation box of indoor placement by plastic culture dish; 5cm place, soil layer top reference mark measured by ruler, and water flowing arrives this water level, leaves standstill after 2 hours, supplies water level to graduation mark, later moisturizing every day 2 times, maintains soil layer 5cm water logging state; Add up germinative number after cultivating a period of time under certain condition of culture is set and also measure the coleoptile length of normally sprouting, using the coleoptile length sprouted as the resistance to evaluation index of flooding test of soil media seedling;
C) rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment:: b) the resistance to culture environment of flooding test of soil media seedling is identical for the culture environment of this test and step (2), soil layer distance water surface 5cm water logging state in culture plate is set in indoor crops insect co-cultivation box, grow the coleoptile length after a period of time under the water logging environment that after waterlogging, measuring distance soil horizon water logging 5cm, seed earthing 1cm are dark, be accurate to 1 mm; Calculate rice direct-seeding planting percent, the evaluation index using live planting percent as rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment;
(3) Direct-seeding Rice submerge tolerance forms anatomy: to submerge tolerance indoor qualification three test integrated treatment, analyze the resistance of rice paddy seed three aspects to be identified:
A) cold hardiness: cold hardiness reduces percentage backward attribute by low temperature bud scale, kind/family low temperature bud scale reduces percentage≤25%, and kind/family low temperature bud scale reduces percentage=(in vitro seedling resistance to flood test bud scale length-soil media seedling resistance to flood test bud scale long) ÷ in vitro seedling is resistance to floods test bud scale length;
B) keep away the mechanism of flooding: keep away the mechanism of flooding and flood result of the test and the resistance to result of the test of flooding of soil media seedling characterizes respectively by vitro seedling is resistance to, in vitro seedling resistance toly floods test bud scale length >=4.8cm, resistance to the flooding of soil media seedling tests bud scale length >=2.8cm;
C) resistance toly mechanism is flooded: the resistance to mechanism of flooding is characterized by rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment result, rice direct-seeding seed-forming experiment planting percent >=35%;
(4) breeding of regional specific aim Direct-seeding Rice is resistance to floods Juvenile stage: for microclimate feature and water logging normality, select resistance to kind/family of flooding as Direct-seeding Rice breeding parent pointedly: if easily meet with submerged cryogenic during Direct-seeding Rice sowing water logging, then the paddy rice that preferably Direct-seeding Rice cold hardiness is strong is as breeding parent; If the regional land for growing field crops water logging time is shorter, then preferably keep away the strong paddy rice of the mechanism of flooding as breeding parent; If the regional land for growing field crops water logging time is longer, then the paddy rice that preferably the resistance to mechanism of flooding is strong is as breeding parent.
2. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thimerosal in described step (1) is 0.6% liquor natrii hypochloritis, carries out sterilizing 15min.
3. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the ultra-pure water temperature of soaking presprouting of seeds in described step (1) is 25 DEG C, and the time is 48h.
4. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the ultra-pure water of interior a) the middle certain altitude of described step (2) is liquid level distance seed height is 10-20 cm.
5. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in interior a) the middle climatic cabinate of described step (2), temperature controls to be 25 degree; Described light culture a period of time is 5-7 days.
6. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (2) interior b) in certain condition of culture is set to refer to condition of culture in crop insect co-cultivation box is 14 hours photoperiods/dark 10 hours, intensity of illumination is 2.7-3.3 ten thousand lux, humidity is 70%-85%, and indoor air temperature is 24-26 degree.
7. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (2) is interior b) middle cultivates a period of time for cultivating 5-7 days; Interior incubation time b) of described step (2) is identical with interior incubation time a) of step (2).
8. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: growing a period of time under interior c) the middle water logging environment of described step (2) is 13-17 days.
9. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the statistical method of interior c) the middle rice direct-seeding planting percent of described step (2) is: due to seed earthing 1cm, soil layer water logging 5cm, therefore seed distance water surface 6cm, with the seed tag of coleoptile length >6cm for seedling, ratio shared by statistics seedling seed, i.e. rice direct-seeding planting percent.
10. the resistance to screening technique flooding parent of a kind of Direct-seeding Rice breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (4) interior c) in the water logging time comparatively brachydactylia water logging time≤10 days; Longer finger water logging water logging time, > time 10 days.
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| CN113841536A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-28 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for detecting flooding-resistant strength and weakness degree of fresh corn and application thereof |
| CN116395777A (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-07-07 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Dissolved oxygen removing device in water for identifying flooding resistance |
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