CN104350834B - Improve the soaking processing method of corn seed top soil germination rate - Google Patents
Improve the soaking processing method of corn seed top soil germination rate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
<b>a kind of soaking processing method improving corn seed top soil germination percentage, undertaken by following five steps: one is seed selection and pretreatment, two is the preparation of soak, it is divided into conventional corn soak and the preparation of sweet corn soak, two kinds of Semen Maydiss are respectively arranged with again the application of the soak preparation of three kinds of hormones and gibberellins, heteroauxing, brassinosteroid, three is the determination of various soak consumption and air dry seed weight ratio, and four is soak, and five is vertical broadcasting or Hui Gan. By this method corn seed carrying out seed soaking, simple and convenient, the cycle is short, instant effect, no matter soil moisture content quality all can take effect, and can be seen as the means of supplementing out economy of breed improvement to a certain extent, and cost is low, economize labour, is not restricted by region and weather.</b>
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preprocess method before a kind of crop seed is broadcast, be specifically conducive to improving the soaking processing method of corn seed top soil germination percentage.
Background technology
Semen Maydis is the crop that China's sown area is maximum, throughout the year stable at about 500,000,000 mu, but is distributed in more and accounts for the arid of national 2/3 cultivated area, semiarid zone. Dry-land corn district upper soll layer evaporation capacity is more than precipitation, and the time of 90% can not begin sowing in good time because of soil moisture content deficiency. Monitoring Data shows, main maize area 0～20cm soil layer average relative water content such as China North China, northeast, northwest only about 50%, and drought-hit area is in the gesture expanding and having southern shifting, brings extreme difficulties to corn seeding. Although production also there being the drought-resistant seeding method that some are traditional seed deeply as visited moisture in the soil, but existing variety seeds top soil ability, to seed deeply and be difficult to emerge, cause disconnected ridge phenomenon of being short of seedling, the serious time is short of seedling up to 40%～50%, directly influences the harvest of Semen Maydis. Cultivating the strong corn variety of top soil ability is one of effective way tackling current rigorous damage caused by a drought. But because breeding cost labour force high, that put into is many, by the restriction of region Yu weather, especially the cycle is long, at least 5-8, more than 10 years at most, even faces the risk of failure. Current China has only been bred as the corn variety that several tops few in number soil ability is strong, such as " anti-38 ", " 40107 ", " HanYu No.5 " etc., and mostly is the selection-breeding nineties in last century. Due to the restriction by the varities practice cycle, these kinds are also gradually backed out market.
It is reported, seed soaking can promote corn seed sprouting under normal sowing condition to a certain extent, but further investigate the report improving corn seed germination rate under seed deeplying condition there are no people. It is known that the normal depth of planting of conventional corn is only 2-5cm. But for sweet corn, sprout even if depth of planting only has 2cm seed also not necessarily can eject soil, can only culturing and transplanting seedlings when situation is serious. The Maize Production reality of this sternness, bringing agricultural sciences worker one has raising Vigor of Zea mays L. Seeds to be solved conscientiously, promotes the problem of top soil germination efficiency. To this, the applicant has done a little work, now makes known publicly in the way of patent application.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of soaking processing method improving corn seed top soil germination percentage.
Solve above-mentioned technical problem to adopt the following technical scheme that
1. improve a soaking processing method for corn seed top soil germination rate, it is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment: select to make seed without disease pest harm, full grains, the not damaged Semen Maydis preserving 1-3, make disinfectant by quality than the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that concentration is 1%, soak 10min, rinse with clean water, drain after taking-up;
(2) preparation of soak:
The mass volume ratio of the preparation of conventional corn soak: make soak with hormone aqueous solution, its hormone and clean water is respectively as follows:
1. gibberellins (GA3) soak concentration is 0.15-0.20g/L,
2. heteroauxing (IAA) soak concentration is (1.5-2.0) × 10-5g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5.1) × 10-4g/L,
Three kinds of soaks are chosen any one kind of them;
The mass volume ratio of the preparation of sweet corn soak: make soak with hormone aqueous solution, its hormone and clean water is:
1. gibberellins (GA3) soak concentration is 0.03-0.04g/L,
2. heteroauxing (IAA) soak concentration is (1.6-2.0) × 10-4g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5) × 10-4g/L,
Three kinds of soaks are chosen any one kind of them;
(3) determination of the consumption of soak and air dry seed weight ratio: soak: seed=100ml:(50-100) g;
(4) soaking: be immersed in soak by seed, soak 18-30h under the dark condition that temperature is 23 ± 2 DEG C, period needs to stir, it is ensured that the uniformity that seed soaks;
(5) vertical broadcast or Hui Gan: seed soaks to finish both can be sowed immediately, it is possible to return dry stand-by, Hui Ganshi in good time, the seed finished of seed soaking is taken out, divides on napkin or towel, 23 ± 2 DEG C of stand 48 ± 2h, put into 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores stand-by.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this method is simple to operate, be prone to grasp, the cycle is extremely short, instant effect, all can obtain significant effect in good conditions for soil moisture or bad soil, and application value is big. This method as genetic improvement method means of supplementing out economy, can greatly reduce cost, save labour to a certain extent, not by the restriction of region and weather.
Accompanying drawing explanation
After the process of Fig. 1 difference seed-soaking method, corn seed seed deeplys the reduced coordinates figure of germination percentage.
Fig. 2 GA3The change curve of conventional corn Nongda108 seed leachate electrical conductivity after seed soaking Hui Gan.
The change curve of the super sweet No. 3 seed leachate electrical conductivity of super-sweet corn after Fig. 3 IAA seed soaking Hui Gan.
The reduced coordinates figure of corn seed dehydrogenase activity after the process of Fig. 4 difference seed-soaking method.
The oxygen consumption curve chart of conventional corn Nongda108 seed after the process of Fig. 5 difference seed-soaking method.
The oxygen consumption curve chart of super sweet No. 3 seeds of sweet corn after the process of Fig. 6 difference seed-soaking method.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing: 1. the soaking processing method improving corn seed top soil germination rate, it is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment: select to make seed without disease pest harm, full grains, the not damaged Semen Maydis preserving 1-3, make disinfectant by quality than the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that concentration is 1%, soak 10min, rinse with clean water, drain after taking-up;
(2) preparation of soak:
The mass volume ratio of the preparation of conventional corn soak: make soak with hormone aqueous solution, its hormone and clean water is respectively as follows:
1. gibberellins (GA3) soak concentration is 0.15-0.20g/L,
2. heteroauxing (IAA) soak concentration is (1.5-2.0) × 10-5g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5.1) × 10-4g/L,
Three kinds of soaks are chosen any one kind of them;
The mass volume ratio of the preparation of sweet corn soak: make soak with hormone aqueous solution, its hormone and clean water is:
1. gibberellins (GA3) soak concentration is 0.03-0.04g/L,
2. heteroauxing (IAA) soak concentration is (1.6-2.0) × 10-4g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5) × 10-4g/L,
Three kinds of soaks are chosen any one kind of them;
(3) determination of the consumption of soak and air dry seed weight ratio: soak: seed=100ml:(50-100) g;
(4) soaking: be immersed in soak by seed, soak 18-30h under the dark condition that temperature is 23 ± 2 DEG C, period needs to stir, it is ensured that the uniformity that seed soaks;
(5) vertical broadcast or Hui Gan: seed soaks to finish both can be sowed immediately, it is possible to return dry stand-by, Hui Ganshi in good time, the seed finished of seed soaking is taken out, divides on napkin or towel, 23 ± 2 DEG C of stand 48 ± 2h, put into 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores stand-by.
For confirming and confirm the feasibility of this method, applicant has done series of contrast, is first described below:
1 foreword
Seed deeplying the seed under condition to extend corresponding organ and just can eject soil, this is the key of crop seed top soil. For different crops, it is different for extending organ. Seed deeply under condition the elongation of Sorghum vulgare Pers. mesocotyl so that its seedling ejects soil emerges, but Semen Tritici aestivi and Fructus Hordei Vulgaris mesocotyl under seed deeplying condition extends hardly, its first internode and plumule significant elongation on the contrary. Under seed deeplying condition, it distinct feature is that mesocotyl significant elongation to the strong top soil corn inbred line DT-26 seed of this laboratory culture, thus penetrating the soil horizon of thickness and emerging.
Research and production practices show, auxin, such as gibberellins (GA3), heteroauxing (IAA), brassinosteroid (BR) all can change the physiological structure of plant, promote cell elongation growth, improve the stress resistance of plant. According to the study, the elongation promoting plant cell is had remarkable effect by gibberellins, to seed germination and seed vitality important, gibberellins can improve the content of IAA in plant, the synthesis of induction seed α-amylase, accelerate the hydrolysis of starch in endosperm, accelerate cell division and break up thus promoting seed germination. Low concentration heteroauxing can promote the division of cell, accelerates the metabolism of cell, promotes the growth of plant. Numerous experiments prove that brassinosteroid has significantly high physiologically active, at much lower concentrations, can be obviously promoted cell division and elongation, participate in regulating the multiple biochemical process of plant, plant growth has obvious facilitation. In Maize Production, brassinosteroid compounds has some researchs and application. Soaked seed by brassinosteroid, it is possible to alleviate the loss that Semen Maydis is caused by arid.
This characteristic of Growth of Cells can be promoted according to three parahormones, utilize the hormone solution of variable concentrations to process corn seed, determine, by the germination test of different seed levels, the optimum concentration that Semen Maydis top soil ability can be improved, and inquire into the physiological mechanism of hormone promotion effect. The new production method carrying out improving top soil germination percentage for dry-land corn provides scientific basis.
2 materials and method
2.1 materials
Conventional corn kind: Nongda108, super-sweet corn kind: super sweet No. 3, seed is purchased from Zhejiang Nong Kezhong industry company limited.
2.2 methods
2.2.1 method for treating seeds and sprouting condition
Gibberellins (GA3), heteroauxing (IAA), brassinosteroid (BR) be analytical pure, molecular weight respectively 346.37,175.19,480.68.Characteristic according to three kinds of hormones, utilizes the hormone solution of variable concentrations to process corn seed, and to determine the optimum concentration that can improve Semen Maydis top soil ability, concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) hormone concentration:
(2) depth of planting
(3) husky atarting material processes
River sand sieves after decontamination, and baking oven inner drying processes 4h. Before sowing, suitable quantity of water mixing becomes certain state of aggregation to sand.
(4) sowing is sprouted
Sprouting at dark 25 DEG C of 12h illumination/12h, after emerging, every day adds up germinative number, surveys Seedling length, Miao Chong after 10d. Test sets 3 repetitions. Period notes the moisturizing of husky bed, it is prevented that husky bed surface occurs hardening and causes that maize bud top is impaired.
A. germinating energy: 6d emergence rate
B. germination percentage: 10d emergence rate
C. germination index (GI)=∑ Gt/DtGt: the germinative number Dt on the same day: germination number of days
D. vitality index (VI)=GI × SGI: germination index S: seedling length (cm) or seedling weight (g) in the regular period
E. mesocotyl is long: 10d selects 10 seeds germinateed at random, measures the length of mesocotyl.
2.2.2 the mensuration of electrical conductivity
Electrical conductivity DDS-307 conductivity meter measures, take each hormone optimum concentration process seed and do not soak seed, each 50 of the seed of water logging kind, repeat, be measured when 12h, 24h and 36h after seed soaking respectively, unit of account weight seed leachate electrical conductivity for 3 times.
2.2.3 measuring desaturase liveness
Respectively " Nongda108 " and " super sweet No. 3 " seed is soaked seed under 25 DEG C of conditions after 24h, randomly select 10 seeds, along axis rip cutting, it is then placed in test tube, and in each test tube, it is separately added into triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reagent of 10ml0.2%, test tube plug beyond the Great Wall, dye 24h under 25 DEG C of conditions. Then take out the embryo of seed and with distilled water flushing three times, then add 10ml dehydrated alcohol, under 25 DEG C of conditions, place 24h. Under 490nm ultraviolet light, the OD value of extracting solution is finally measured with spectrophotometer, and in triplicate.
2.2.4 oxygen sensing determination
Randomly selecting 48 seeds under every kind of process, and arrange 4 repetitions, every seed is individually positioned in equipped with in the 2.0ml test tube of 1ml0.5% agar culture medium. Being placed under 25 DEG C of conditions with sealing after lid tightly covers, and arrange two comparisons, positive control is the test tube of not seed addition, and negative control is in vitro to add oversaturated Na2SO3Solution, then automatically every every other hour through Q2 instrument (ASTECGlobal company of Holland) measurement. In order to emphasize comparability, the oxygen concentration measured in real time all uses relative concentration (%) to represent: have the invisible spectro oxygen concentration of a seed/do not have seed-bearing invisible spectro oxygen concentration. After conventional seed measures 72h (sprouting very fast) or ultra-sweet corn seeds measures 96h (sprouting slower), four oxygen metabolism indexes include strengthening the metabolism time (IMT), oxygen metabolism speed (OMR), relative sprout time (RGT) is all analyzed by Q2 analysis software with relative speed (RGR) of sprouting. In general, IMT and RGT and seed vitality negative correlation, and OMR and RGR and seed vitality positive correlation.
2.2.5 data analysis
Use all data of SAS variance analysis software and Excel this experiment of software processes.
3 results and analysis
The 3.1 hormon seed soaking impact on Course of Corn Seed Germination
3.1.1GA3The seed soaking impact on Course of Corn Seed Germination
As it can be seen from table 1 the Nongda108 corn seed germinating energy when 10cm seed level, germination percentage, germination index, vitality index are all had impact by the seed soaking of variable concentrations gibberellins, especially best with 0.175g/L concentration.Compared with not soaking seed, 0.175g/LGA3After seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index, vitality index have been respectively increased 38.1%, 34.1%, 40.4%, 25.6%. Compared with water logging kind, 0.175g/LGA3After seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index, vitality index have been respectively increased 31.0%, 15.7%, 11.9%, 9.8%. With string same letter, table 1 represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level.
Table 1GA3The impact of conventional corn Nongda108 seed germination when seed soaking is on 10cm seed level
From table 2 it can be seen that super sweet No. 3 corn seeds germinating energy when 6cm seed level, germination percentage, germination index, vitality index are all had impact by the seed soaking of variable concentrations gibberellins, especially best with 0.035g/L concentration. Compared with not soaking seed, 0.035g/LGA3After seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index, vitality index have been respectively increased 34.8%, 37.5%, 59.3%, 61.4%, compared with water logging kind, and 0.035g/LGA3After seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index, vitality index have been respectively increased 50.0%, 18.5%, 26.5%, 39.1%. With string same letter, table 2 represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level.
Table 2GA3The impact of super-sweet corn super sweet No. 3 seed germinations when seed soaking is on 6cm seed level
3.1.2IAA soak seed the impact on Course of Corn Seed Germination
From table 3 it can be seen that the Nongda108 corn seed germinating energy when 10cm seed level, germination percentage, germination index are all had impact by the seed soaking of variable concentrations heteroauxing, especially with 1.75 × 10-5G/L concentration is best. Compared with not soaking seed, 1.75 × 10-5After g/LIAA seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index have been respectively increased 34.3%, 32.9%, 38.3%, compared with water logging kind, and 1.75 × 10-5After g/LIAA seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index have been respectively increased 27.4%, 14.7%, 10.2%. With string same letter, table 3 represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level.
The impact of conventional corn Nongda108 seed germination when table 3IAA seed soaking is on 10cm seed level
From table 4, it can be seen that super sweet No. 3 corn seeds germinating energy when 6cm seed level, germination percentage, germination index are all had impact by the seed soaking of variable concentrations heteroauxing, especially with 1.75 × 10-4G/L concentration is best. Compared with not soaking seed, 1.75 × 10-4After g/LIAA seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index have been respectively increased 112.5%, 23.3%, 29.6%. Compared with water logging kind, 1.75 × 10-4After g/LIAA seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index have been respectively increased 41.7%, 6.2%, 2.9%. With string same letter, table 4 represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level.
The impact of super-sweet corn super sweet No. 3 seed germinations when table 4IAA seed soaking is on 6cm seed level
3.1.3BR soak seed the impact on Course of Corn Seed Germination
As can be seen from Table 5, the Nongda108 corn seed germinating energy when 10cm seed level, germination percentage, germination index are all had impact by the seed soaking of variable concentrations brassinosteroid, especially with 4.8 × 10-4G/L concentration is best. Compared with not soaking seed, 4.8 × 10-4After g/LBR seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index have been respectively increased 25.3%, 28.3%, 34.0%. Compared with water logging kind, 4.8 × 10-4After g/LBR seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index have been respectively increased 18.9%, 10.7%, 6.8%.With string same letter, table 5 represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level.
The impact of conventional corn Nongda108 seed germination when table 5BR seed soaking is on 10cm seed level
From table 6, it may be seen that super sweet No. 3 corn seeds germinating energy when 6cm seed level, germination percentage, germination index are all had impact by variable concentrations BR seed soaking, especially with 4.8 × 10-4G/L concentration is best. Compared with not soaking seed, 4.8 × 10- 4After g/LBR seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index have been respectively increased 87.5%, 28.7%, 44.4%, compared with water logging kind, and 4.8 × 10-4After g/LBR seed soaking, the germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index have been respectively increased 25.0%, 10.9%, 14.7%. With string same letter, table 6 represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level.
The impact of super-sweet corn super sweet No. 3 seed germinations when table 6BR seed soaking is on 6cm seed level
3.1.4 the different seed-soaking method impacts on Course of Corn Seed Germination
Above result of the test shows, for " Nongda108 " and " super sweet No. 3 " seed, GA3The optimum concentration respectively 1.75 × 10 of optimum concentration respectively 0.175g/L and 0.035g/L, IAA-5G/LIAA and 1.75 × 10-4The optimum concentration of g/LIAA, BR is 4.8 × 10-4G/L. From the optium concentration of 3 kinds of hormones relatively, 0.175g/LGA3The facilitation effect of " Nongda108 " is the most obvious, 0.035g/LGA3Facilitation effect the most obvious (table 7) to " super sweet No. 3 ". With string same letter, table 7 represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level.
Compared with not soaking seed, the germinating energy of " Nongda108 " seed, germination percentage, germination index and mesocotyl length are through 0.175g/LGA338.1%, 35.8%, 40.4%, 26.1% it has been respectively increased, through 1.75 × 10 after solution seed soaking- 534.3%, 32.9%, 38.3%, 22.5% it has been respectively increased, through 4.8 × 10 after g/LIAA solution seed soaking-425.3%, 28.3%, 34.0%, 17.6% (table 7) it has been respectively increased after g/LBR solution seed soaking. " super sweet No. 3 " germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index and mesocotyl length are through 0.035g/LGA3125.0%, 37.5%, 59.3%, 36.8% it has been respectively increased, through 1.75 × 10 after solution seed soaking-4112.5%, 23.3%, 29.6%, 33.9% it has been respectively increased, through 4.8 × 10 after g/LIAA solution seed soaking-487.5%, 28.7%, 44.4%, 26.9% it has been respectively increased after g/LBR solution seed soaking.
Compared with the seed of water logging kind, the germinating energy of " Nongda108 " seed, germination percentage, germination index and mesocotyl length are through 0.175g/LGA331.0%, 11.8%, 11.9%, 13.8% it has been respectively increased, through 1.75 × 10 after solution seed soaking-527.4%, 9.4%, 10.2%, 10.6% it has been respectively increased, through 4.8 × 10 after g/LIAA solution seed soaking-418.9%, 5.6%, 6.8%, 6.1% it has been respectively increased after g/LBR solution seed soaking. " super sweet No. 3 " germinating energy of seed, germination percentage, germination index and mesocotyl length are through 0.035g/LGA350.0%, 18.5%, 26.5%, 20.0% it has been respectively increased, through 1.75 × 10 after solution seed soaking-441.7%, 6.2%, 2.9%, 17.4% it has been respectively increased, through 4.8 × 10 after g/LIAA solution seed soaking-425.0%, 10.9%, 14.7%, 11.3% it has been respectively increased after g/LBR solution seed soaking.
Corn seed is seed deeplyed the impact of germination by the different seed-soaking method of table 7
For the purpose of directly perceived, seed deeply the reduced coordinates figure of germination percentage by table 7 seed deeplys corn seed after germination percentage data make different seed-soaking method process, refer to Fig. 1. It should be noted that in Fig. 1: the GA soaked for conventional corn kind " Nongda108 " seed3, IAA, the concentration of BR respectively 0.175g/L, 1.75 × 10-5g/L、4.8×10-4G/L, for Sweet corn variety " super sweet No. 3 " seed soak the concentration respectively 0.035g/L of GA3, IAA, BR, 1.75 × 10-4g/L、4.8×10-4G/L; Same letter represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level.
The 3.2 hormon seed soaking impact on corn seed cell membrane integrity
The principle of seed leachate conductance measurement is the seed imbibition initial stage, and cell membrane rebuilds the capacity electrolyte with injury repairing and the degree of solable matter extravasation, and the speed rebuilding film integrality is more fast, and sweat is more few, and conductivity value is more little. The electrical conductivity of high vigor seed soak is lower than the seed of low vitality. Below with GA3, IAA and water logging kind be example, illustrate that different seed-soaking method is to reducing electrical conductivity, improves the effect of cell membrane integrity and vigor.
Figure it is seen that 0.175g/LGA3After solution and water logging kind, the leachate electrical conductivity of Nongda108 seed all substantially reduces 3 soak times, especially with 0.175g/LGA3Soak seed leachate electrical conductivity minimum. Along with the prolongation of soak time, 3 kinds of leachate electrical conductivity processing seed gradually rise, especially with 0.175g/LGA3Soak seed leachate electrical conductivity and rise the slowest. Result above shows, 0.175g/LGA3After immersion, the vigor of seed is the highest, and secondly for water logging kind, the seed vitality do not soaked seed is minimum.
From figure 3, it can be seen that 1.75 × 10-4After g/LIAA solution and water logging kind, the leachate electrical conductivity of Nongda108 seed all substantially reduces 3 soak times, especially with 1.75 × 10-4It is minimum that g/LIAA soaks seed leachate electrical conductivity. Along with the prolongation of soak time, 3 kinds of leachate electrical conductivity processing seed gradually rise, especially with 1.75 × 10-4G/LIAA soaks seed leachate electrical conductivity and rises the slowest. Result above shows, 1.75 × 10-4After g/LIAA immersion, the vigor of seed is the highest, and secondly for water logging kind, the seed vitality do not soaked seed is minimum.
The 3.3 hormon seed soaking impact on corn seed dehydrogenase activity
It is known that seed dehydrogenase activity is more high, the breathing of seed is more vigorous, and therefore the activity level of seed is high. In order to illustrate the seed soaking impact on corn seed dehydrogenase activity, separate the embryo of seed and measure the activity of embryo portion dehydrogenase.
From fig. 4, it can be seen that intraseminal dehydrogenase activity improves after seed soaking, compared with not soaking seed, in " Nongda108 " seed, the activity of dehydrogenase is through 0.175g/LGA3、1.75×10-5g/LIAA、4.8×10-41.3,1.1,1.3 times it have been respectively increased after g/LBR solution seed soaking. In " super sweet No. 3 " seed, the activity of dehydrogenase is through 0.035g/LGA3、1.75×10- 5g/LIAA、4.8×10-43.2,2.9,3.1 times it have been respectively increased after g/LBR solution seed soaking. It should be noted that in Fig. 4: the GA soaked for Nongda108 seed3, IAA, the concentration of BR respectively 0.175g/L, 1.75 × 10-5g/L、4.8×10-4G/L, for the GA that super sweet No. 3 seeds soak3, IAA, the concentration of BR respectively 0.035g/L, 1.75 × 10-4g/L、4.8×10-4G/L; Same letter represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level.
Compared with water logging kind, in " Nongda108 " seed, the activity of dehydrogenase is through 0.175g/LGA3、1.75×10-5g/LIAA、4.8×10-415.4%, 10.8%, 15.4% it has been respectively increased after g/LBR solution seed soaking.In " super sweet No. 3 " seed, the activity of dehydrogenase is through 0.035g/LGA3、1.75×10-5g/LIAA、4.8×10-478.8%, 63.6%, 75.8% it has been respectively increased after g/LBR solution seed soaking.
Result above shows, hormone seed soaking improves the dehydrogenase activity of corn seed, thus having promoted the improvement of seed vitality, especially with 0.175g/LGA3The most notable.
The 3.4 hormon seed soaking impact on the respiratory metabolism in Course of Corn Seed Germination process
The sprouting of seed is a considerably complicated physiological process. In whole germination process, the respiratory metabolism of seed is vigorous, and therefore, oxygen is the essential condition that seed is sprouted smoothly. Every activated seed, even at very dry or resting state, its Repiration is without stopping. Any vital movement of seed is all closely related with Repiration, breathes and provides energy into vital movement, once the Repiration of seed stops, seed is also dead therewith. In whole germination process, the energy matter of seed (mainly starch, protein, fat) must when aerobic could oxidation Decomposition, the energy needed for anabolic intermediate product and offer physiological activity is provided. Repiration is the concentrated expression of seed physiology activity as can be seen here, and respiratory power is then directly connected to the height of seed vitality. Therefore, detection seed germination stage oxygen consumption situation can reflect the vigor condition of seed well. Oxygen sensing technology is exactly the height of the activity level evaluating seed according to seed oxygen Expenditure Levels in germination process.
Sprouting startup time (IMT) reflects seed imbibition and sprouts to the speed of radicle breakthrough seed coat, and high vigor seed imbibition at short notice is sprouted, and radicle breaks through seed coat, shows as IMT value low. Oxygen wear rate (OMR) is that seed base-root is broken through to by Hypoxia Stress oxygen wear rate breathing rate between slack-off after seed coat, and high vigor seed shows as OMR value height. Theoretical sprout time when theoretical sprout time (RGT) is for non-Hypoxia Stress, directly related with the actual sprout time of every seed, it is low that high vigor seed shows as RGT value. Theoretical germination rate (RGR) be the germination percentage that the quantity according to reversed S shape speculates, is the seed of the reversed S shape seed that is all considered to germination in oxygen sensing detection, and seed vitality is more high, and its RGR value is more high.
By Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 it can be seen that for two corn varieties, through GA3Its oxygen consumption of the seed soaked is the fastest, and the seed crossed by water logging kind takes second place, and the seed oxygen consumption do not soaked seed is the slowest. Additionally, conventional corn kind " Nongda108 " is than Sweet corn variety " super sweet No. 3 ", oxygen consumption is faster.
Through 0.175g/LGA3The conventional corn kind " Nongda108 " of solution seed soaking and through 0.035g/LGA3The Sweet corn variety " super sweet No. 3 " of solution seed soaking, IMT and the RGT of the two has had and has significantly reduced, and OMR and RGR is obviously improved (table 8). With string same letter, table 8 represents that difference is not notable in p < 0.05 level. This oxygen sensing testing result shows to utilize external source GA3Seed soaking can promote the Repiration of seed, it is thus possible to promote the sprouting of seed when seed deeplying. With do not soak seed and compared with " Nongda108 " seed that water logging kind is crossed, through 0.175g/LGA3The seed of solution soaking its IMT, RGT reduce 53.8%, 57.1% and 18.7%, 19.8% respectively, and OMR, RGR have been respectively increased 116.9%, 27.4% and 20.3%, 15.5%.Similarly, with do not soak seed and compared with " super sweet No. 3 " seed that water logging kind is crossed, reduce 45.8%, 25.3% and 20.8%, 13.4% respectively through seed its IMT, RGT of 0.035g/L solution soaking, and OMR, RGR have been respectively increased 138.0%, 45.4% and 29.9%, 16.5%.
Result above shows, GA3Seed soaking improves the oxygen respiratory metabolism level of conventional corn kind and Sweet corn variety seed, thus improving the activity level of seed, especially with 0.175g/LGA3(Nongda108) or 0.035g/LGA3(super sweet No. 3) effect of soaking seed is the most obvious.
Table 8 seed soaks the impact on corn seed oxygen metabolism index
Claims (1)
1. improve a soaking processing method for corn seed top soil germination rate, it is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment: select to make seed without disease pest harm, full grains, the not damaged Semen Maydis preserving 1-3, make disinfectant by quality than the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that concentration is 1%, soak 10min, rinse with clean water, drain after taking-up;
(2) preparation of soak:
The mass volume ratio of the preparation of conventional corn soak: make soak with hormone aqueous solution, its hormone and clean water is respectively as follows:
1. gibberellins (GA3) soak concentration is 0.15-0.20g/L,
2. heteroauxing (IAA) soak concentration is (1.5-2.0) × 10-5g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5.1) × 10-4g/L,
Three kinds of soaks are chosen any one kind of them;
The mass volume ratio of the preparation of sweet corn soak: make soak with hormone aqueous solution, its hormone and clean water is:
1. gibberellins (GA3) soak concentration is 0.03-0.04g/L,
2. heteroauxing (IAA) soak concentration is (1.6-2.0) × 10-4g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5) × 10-4g/L,
Three kinds of soaks are chosen any one kind of them;
(3) determination of the consumption of soak and air dry seed weight ratio: soak: seed=100ml:(50-100) g;
(4) soaking: be immersed in soak by seed, soak 18-30h under the dark condition that temperature is 23 ± 2 DEG C, period needs to stir, it is ensured that the uniformity that seed soaks;
(5) vertical broadcasting or Hui Gan: seed soaks to finish to be sowed immediately, or returns dry stand-by, Hui Ganshi in good time, taken out by the seed finished of seed soaking, divide on napkin or towel, 23 ± 2 DEG C are spread out 48 ± 2h, put into 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores stand-by.
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| CN105027736A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 凤阳县荣海农业科技服务有限公司 | Method for immersing corn seeds by combining low-concentration IAA with constant temperature |
| CN105009737A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-04 | 凤阳县荣海农业科技服务有限公司 | Method for soaking corn seeds with low-concentration IBA (indolebutyric acid) at variable temperature |
| CN105917794A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-07 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Seed treatment method for sowing and seedling raising of Dalbergia hupeana Hance |
| CN107094470A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-29 | 德保县广鑫贸易有限公司 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of zinc-rich corn |
| CN110603929A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-24 | 合肥扬扬农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving germination rate of corn seeds |
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