CN108207167B - Method for improving germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress and observation device - Google Patents
Method for improving germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress and observation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress, which adopts 8-Br-cGMP with proper concentration to treat the tomato seeds and improves the germination rate of the tomato seeds under drought stress. In addition, the invention also provides a seed germination observation device simulating natural light induction conditions, so that comparison and morphological observation in a tomato seed germination test are realized. The 8-Br-cGMP used in the experimental method has membrane permeability, high utilization rate and low concentration of 8-Br-cGMP, and can obviously improve the germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress. The test device adopted by the test has the advantages of simple structure, simplicity and convenience in operation and strong repeatability, and can be used for observing different seed germination conditions in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant physiology research, in particular to a method for improving the germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress and a matched observation device.
Background
In recent years, research on seed germination, growth and development of plants under stress by biological hormones and signal molecules has been increasingly paid attention to, in particular, signal transduction and biological stress resistance. Six recognized biological hormones: auxin (IAA), gibberellin (GA), cytokinin (CTK), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ETH) and Brassinosteroids (BR), and signal molecules of Salicylic Acid (SA), nitric Oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and the like are sequentially applied to stress resistance studies of plants. Extensive experimentsThe result shows that trace plant hormone and small molecular signal substances are key factors for regulating seed dormancy and germination, and play a positive role in the stress-tolerant growth and development of plants. As shown by the research, the proper concentration H 2 O 2 As an adversity signal molecule for treating seeds, the seed can promote the germination rate of eggplants, promote the low-temperature germination of soybeans, induce the enhancement of the antioxidant enzyme activity in plants and relieve the oxidative stress caused by adverse conditions; h 2 S is used as an active redox molecule, naHS is used as a donor to pretreat wheat seeds, so that the inhibition of salt and aluminum stress to hydrolase in the seed germination process is relieved, and the effective germination of the seeds is ensured by obvious induction and activation; different concentration levels GA 3 The treatment of the paeonia rockii seeds can obviously promote rooting of the seeds, and the seeds show a low promotion and high inhibition dependence effect; ma Tianyuan et al show that adding SA at a proper concentration can promote seed germination and shoot growth and slow down damage of drought stress to plant cell membranes. Besides, SA seed soaking has remarkable promotion effect on germination of Yunnan blue fruit tree seeds and early seedling growth under drought stress.
Cherry tomatoLycopersicon esculentum Mill) Is annual or perennial herb belonging to Solanaceae tomato genus, also called cherry tomato, pearl fruit, and small tomato. The beverage contains abundant vitamins, lycopene and other bioactive substances, has the effects of promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, stimulating the appetite and promoting digestion, reducing blood pressure and blood lipid, resisting oxidation, preventing cancer, preventing cardiovascular diseases and the like, and is popular with the masses. In recent years, with the improvement of the life quality and the change of the diet structure of people, tomatoes are quite popular in the international market with good quality and flavor, are the main raw materials of cold dishes and are high-grade fruits after meals, so the demands of the tomatoes are more and more the same as those of melon, fruit and vegetables, and the cultivation area is increased year by year. However, due to the aggravation of environmental pollution, irrational irrigation in agricultural production, unscientific application of chemical fertilizer and other multifaceted factors, the water loss of the greenhouse vegetable land is in an aggravated trend, so that great difficulty is directly brought to the germination and seedling raising of tomato seeds and the establishment and planting of the tomato seeds. So it is a solutionThe device has the advantages that water loss and deficiency and ion poisoning caused by drought stress are removed or relieved, the germination and growth and development of tomato seeds are severely inhibited by interfering with physiological processes, and the primary research center of gravity is formed by seed germination in order to avoid waste cost and yield reduction. The seed germination observation device has the advantages of being free from season limitation in production, short in period, simple and easy to operate, low in cost, easy to observe, capable of taking pictures and remaining evidence, capable of saving expensive chemical reagents and reducing cost, capable of cultivating needed seedlings through screening, high in propagation speed, high in transplanting survival rate and the like. The seed germination accelerating method is used, the conditions are strictly controlled to be cultivated in a seed germination groove through the nutrient solution of each treatment so as to ensure that the seeds germinate and grow, test phenomena can be conveniently and effectively observed, the phenotype difference among the treatments can be remarkably analyzed, excellent test equipment is provided for effectively relieving or relieving the problems of good uniformity and low germination rate of the seeds under drought stress, and a certain guarantee and foundation can be provided for the research on the resistance of the plants to grow and develop under adverse conditions.
Problems of the prior art:
plants under abiotic stress have differences in different stages of ontogenesis, and the germination period of the seeds is very sensitive to drought stress, and the characteristics of the period determine whether the plants can successfully establish seedlings in a certain area. Therefore, whether the seeds can keep alive, whether the seeds can germinate normally and whether the seedlings grow are preconditions for whether the plants can survive in a highly drought environment. The cherry tomato seeds have a layer of surface hair and thicker seed coats, so that the tomato seeds with slow germination are crops sensitive to drought, and the water loss and deficiency and ion poisoning caused by stress seriously inhibit the germination, growth and development of the seeds by interfering with the physiological process, thereby wasting cost and reducing yield. The prior report of improving cherry tomato seed germination by treatment in the adversity environment is not few, but the inhibition of seed germination under stress can be only lightened, the recovery degree is not very excellent, and the research under drought stress is also few. Therefore, cherry tomatoes are used as materials, 8-bromocyclic guanylic acid (8-Br-cGMP) is exogenously applied to treat seeds under drought conditions, and a better cultivation device capable of improving the germination rate of cherry tomatoes seeds and a method thereof are explored.
Although the exogenous addition of hormones and signal molecules and other substances has been studied extensively in plant stress tolerance, little is studied in tomato seed germination, especially under abiotic stress conditions (especially drought stress). And researches show that tomato seeds can promote seed germination and growth and development under the stress of exogenous addition of hormone or signal molecules with proper concentration and other substances, but the recovery degree is limited. Tomato seed germination often suffers from drought inhibition, while plant roots experience adversity stress signals at the earliest and produce related physiological responses, which in turn affect overground growth. In the prior art, the result shows that root system establishment, root hair growth and lateral root induction development of tomatoes under drought stress are not reported.
The existing seed germination device is relatively redundant, simple, large in workload, poor in device air permeability, capable of enabling seeds to go moldy, increasing experimental errors, limiting the growth space of the seeds after germination to a certain extent, and incapable of effectively and intuitively observing the shape of the seeds after germination. Therefore, the invention also provides a seed germination observation device simulating natural light induction conditions, which can provide a better growth environment for seed germination and is more suitable for realistic conditions. Unnecessary and complicated repeated work can be omitted for testers, time is saved, test phenomena can be effectively and intuitively observed, and a thought is provided for the next scientific research.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress, which adopts 8-Br-cGMP with proper concentration to treat the tomato seeds and improves the germination rate of the tomato seeds under drought stress. In addition, the invention also provides a seed germination observation device simulating natural light induction conditions, so that comparison and morphological observation in a tomato seed germination test are realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for increasing germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress, comprising the steps of:
(1) Drought tolerant concentration screening
PEG-6000 simulates drought stress, the set concentrations are respectively 0 (CK), 5%,10%,15% and 20%, tomato seeds are treated respectively, the germination state is observed, and the result shows that the cherry tomato seeds treated by 5% of PEG show slight promotion effect of low drought, the inhibition effect is aggravated along with the increase of the concentration of PEG, 15% of PEG is semi-lethal concentration, the germination is seriously inhibited after the cherry tomato seeds are treated, and 20% of the cherry tomato seeds almost completely inhibit the germination. Therefore, 10% PEG treated tomato seeds germinated considerably; 10% PEG was selected as the test stress concentration in the subsequent test.
(2) 8-Br-cGMP concentration set-up
Cherry tomato seeds were treated with 8-Br-cGMP at concentrations of 0 (CK), 20. Mu. Mol/L and 40. Mu. Mol/L to see germination. The result shows that the exogenous addition of 8-Br-cGMP can improve the germination rate of seeds. 20. Compared with CK, the treatment effect of mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP and 40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP has a slight promotion effect on tomato seed germination and growth, and compared with that of 40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP, 20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP has better comprehensive effect after treatment, and has faster and more vigorous main root growth, developed root system, more lateral roots and low concentration promotion effect. In order to study whether 20 mu mol/L and 40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP affect tomato seed germination under drought stress conditions as normal conditions or whether low concentration and higher concentration medicines treat tomato seeds under drought stress, 20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP and 40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP are selected as medicine treatment concentrations and drought interaction to treat tomato seeds in subsequent experiments.
(3) 8-Br-cGMP treatment
As a Control (CK), a distilled water treatment was set for 20. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP, 40. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP, 10% PEG, 10% PEG+20. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP, 10% PEG+40. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP. Selecting strong, full and uniform cherry tomato seeds, sterilizing, soaking the cherry tomato seeds in 20ml of each treatment solution in the dark at normal temperature for 24 hours, washing and sucking the cherry tomato seeds with distilled water, planting the cherry tomato seeds in a seed germination device, respectively adding treatment solutions with the concentration of CK, 20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP, 40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP, 10% PEG, 10% PEG+20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP and 10% PEG+40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP, and culturing the cherry tomato seeds in an illumination incubator at 26+/-1 under light/dark (16 hours/8 hours). The germination is marked by taking the length of the radicle breaking through the seed coat as 2 times of the seed size per se, the number of germinated seeds is counted every day, the germination experiment is ended in 7 th d, the germination vigor, the germination index and vitality index, the radicle length, the embryo axis length and the fresh weight of a single plant are calculated, and the obtained data are processed and analyzed by corresponding software.
(4) Evaluation of germination Effect
The following germination index was used for evaluation:
germination vigor (%) = (number of germination 4d after sowing/total number of seeds) ×100%;
germination percentage (%) = (number of germinated seeds/total number of seeds 7d after sowing) ×100%;
germination index = Σ (number of germination test days per day);
length of hypocotyl (cm);
radicle length (cm);
fresh weight of individual plants (mg);
vitality index = individual fresh mass x germination index;
the measuring instrument for the above index includes: vernier calipers and analytical balances.
The invention also provides a tomato seed germination observation device, which structurally comprises: the seed germination groove is internally provided with a screen, a Kong Kedu pipe is movably connected below the seed germination groove, and filter paper is arranged in the perforated scale pipe; the perforated scale tube is fixed on the hose rack and is placed in the glass groove; the partition board is placed in the glass groove; the nut and the fixing screw are assembled by the seed germination observation device through the rubber sleeve.
Preferably, the seed germination groove is funnel-shaped, so that the seed germination groove is in contact with air in a large area, and the air permeability of the device is ensured.
Preferably, the filter paper is placed in the perforated scale tube in an arc shape, and occupies two thirds of the circumference of the Kong Kedu tube, so that scales are exposed.
Preferably, the glass groove and the plastic partition plate are made of materials with excellent light transmission performance.
Preferably, the scale tube with the holes is provided with scales and transparent, so that the length and the growth form of roots after seed germination can be rapidly read out.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the Kong Kedu pipe of the belt is 3-6mm, the height is 15-20cm, and the belt is fixed in a glass groove by a hose rack; the volume is big, can hold sufficient culture solution, and avoids the unnecessary waste of resource.
Preferably, the diameter of the upper periphery of the seed germination groove is 1-2cm, and the diameter of the lower periphery is 2.1-5.2mm; the diameter of the screen is 2.5-5.5mm, and the small holes on the hose provide guarantee for good air circulation; the plastic baffle can exist or not according to the requirement, if the treatment is more and the repetition is less, the baffle can be inserted into a plurality of culture solution containing grooves to better study the efficacy.
Preferably, the Kong Kedu pipe wall is provided with small holes with the diameter of about 1mm, so that the air permeability is good, and the drying is caused by the placement of filter paper siphoning force, so that the seed germination is influenced.
The beneficial effects are that:
the test method effectively relieves the inhibition of cherry tomato seed germination under drought stress, shortens the germination period, solves the various defects of low germination rate, good and uneven germination, slow growth and the like, greatly improves the germination rate, germination potential, germination index and vitality index of cherry tomato seeds, and can cultivate strong seedlings with high quality and high quantity for seedling establishment and planting. The 8-Br-cGMP used in the experimental method has membrane permeability, high utilization rate and low concentration of 8-Br-cGMP, and can obviously improve the germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress.
The test device adopted in the test is more superior to the existing seed germination observation device. The concrete steps are as follows: firstly, the device has simple structure, simple operation and strong repeatability, the treatment fluid is convenient to add and unnecessary waste is avoided, the device has good air permeability and enough growth space, and the environmental conditions provided for seed germination and growth are more reasonable; secondly, the device can observe in real time, see the variation between the treatment and the repetition of the device, and can take a picture to leave a certificate, so as to directly and powerfully explain the test phenomenon and effect; finally, the device can be used for observing various seed germination conditions, is more flexible in setting treatment and repetition, and can be determined according to the requirements of an implementer. Avoiding the influence of multiple factors and being more attached to comprehensive scientific researches among different treatments under the same condition. Besides the characteristic of seed germination observation, the method can be applied to a little seedling raising of plants which are difficult to grow into seedlings and have high price, and strong seedlings are cultivated to be more beneficial to seedling establishment and seed propagation.
According to the invention, a seed germination test is observed by a seed soaking and germination accelerating method under a natural light simulating condition, a controllable environmental condition is utilized to observe the seed germination test, the length of a root bud which breaks through the seed coat and grows more than twice of the seed is taken as a mark, the formation and growth of the root between each treatment are observed, a reliable observation device is provided for the plant seed germination test, and the study of the resistance of plant stress physiology is facilitated; meanwhile, a small number of special or expensive plant seedlings which are difficult to survive can be screened and cultivated, and a way is provided for building strong seedlings and breeding seeds. The device can be used for scientific research on the one hand and actual production on the other hand. The method has the advantages that a new mode is provided for the research of seed germination test, and the problems that root length cannot be directly observed in the seed germination process, the space of the seed root growing to gravity is limited and the like can be solved; and the air permeability in the germination process is considered, so that the problem that seeds are mildewed and festered due to poor air permeability after long-time soaking is avoided to a great extent, and a certain guarantee is provided for the accuracy of the test. According to the scheme, in the scientific research process, comparative observation of seed germination among different treatments can be realized, the comparison is centralized, the influence of multiple factors is avoided, and the method is more attached to comprehensive scientific research among different treatments under the same condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the dynamic germination number of seeds according to the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of various indexes of the germination period of seeds according to the method of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the seed germination apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a right side view of the seed germination apparatus of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic partial structure of the seed germination apparatus of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-seed germination groove, 2-screen cloth, 3-filter paper, 4-empty scale tube, 5-glass groove, 6-hose rack, 7-plastic baffle, 8-nut, 9-fixed screw, 10-rubber sleeve, 11-seed.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of these preferred embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings and described in accordance with the drawings are merely exemplary and the invention is not limited to these embodiments.
It should be noted here that, in order to avoid obscuring the technical solution of the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details having little relation are omitted.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for improving the germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Drought tolerant concentration screening
PEG-6000 was used to simulate drought stress. The experiment sets the concentration of the treatment fluid to be 0 (CK), 5%,10%,15% and 20% of PEG-6000 respectively. Cleaning and assembling the seed germination observation device, and drying for later use. Selecting full cherry tomato seeds with uniform size, sterilizing, soaking the cherry tomato seeds in 20ml of each treatment solution in darkness at normal temperature for 24 hours, washing with distilled water for three times, sucking the cherry tomato seeds dry, placing the radicle germination positions downwards in two screen mesh positions in a seed germination groove of a seed germination observation device, repeatedly placing 40 grains in the way, and injecting the treatment solution 1 which is half of the volume of the treatment solution in a glass groove of the seed germination observation device, namely distilled water as a Control (CK); the second row of the seed germination observation device is arranged with 40 picked cherry tomato seeds, and a pipetting gun is used for injecting a treatment liquid 2 which is 5 percent of the volume of the treatment liquid into the glass tank, namely 5 percent of PEG solution; the other three treatments were as described above for treatments 1, 2. After tomato seeds are treated respectively, the tomato seeds are placed in an illumination incubator with the regulated light intensity of 12000Lx, the illumination time of 16/8h, the illumination/darkness, the temperature of 26+/-1 ℃ and the relative humidity of 80%, the corresponding treatment liquid is added every three days, the germination state is observed every day, the shape change of the roots is observed through photographing, and the root length is directly read by using a scale on a perforated scale tube. Counting the germination number every day by taking the length of the radicle breaking through the seed coat as a mark which is 2 times the size of the seed per se, and calculating the germination vigor, the germination rate and the germination index by Excel2010 according to a corresponding formula; and the fresh weight of the individual plants was weighed the last day after the end of the experiment, the vitality index was calculated by the same method as described above, the results were summarized in a three-line table and a bar chart, and the differences between treatments were analyzed. The results show that the cherry tomato seeds treated by 5% of PEG show slight promotion effect of low drought, the inhibition effect is aggravated with the increase of the PEG concentration, 15% of PEG is in semi-lethal concentration, the germination is seriously inhibited after the cherry tomato seeds are treated, and 20% of the cherry tomato seeds almost completely inhibit the germination. Therefore, germination of 10% peg treated tomato seeds was considerable, with 10% peg selected as the test stress concentration in the subsequent test.
(2) 8-Br-cGMP concentration set-up
The cherry tomato seeds are treated by 8-Br-cGMP with the concentration of 0 (CK), 20 mu mol/L and 40 mu mol/L, so that whether the cherry tomato seeds have an effect on seed germination under normal conditions or not can be seen, and the effect degree is particularly shown in which aspects, and the method is similar to that of (1) in the following comparison under drought stress. The result shows that the exogenous addition of 8-Br-cGMP can improve the germination rate of seeds, and seedlings are stronger than CK. Compared with 8-Br-cGMP treatment, 20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP and 40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP have slight promotion effect on tomato seed germination and growth compared with CK, and 20 mu mol/L and 40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP have better comprehensive effect after 20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP treatment, and have faster and stronger main root growth, developed root system, more lateral roots and low concentration promotion effect. In order to study whether 20 mu mol/L and 40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP have the same effect on tomato seed germination under drought stress conditions as normal conditions or the effect between low-concentration and higher-concentration medicines for treating tomato seeds under drought stress is different, 20 mu mol/L and 40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP are selected in subsequent experiments as medicine treatment concentration and drought interaction treatment tomato seeds, and the germination effect is observed.
(3) 8-Br-cGMP treatment
As a Control (CK), treatment with distilled water was conducted with 20. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP, 20. Mu. Mol/L and 40. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP, 10% PEG, 10% PEG+20. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP, 10% PEG+40. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP were set. Selecting 40 cherry tomato seeds which are strong, full and uniform in size, sterilizing, immersing the cherry tomato seeds in 20ml of each treatment solution for 24 hours at normal temperature in darkness, washing with distilled water, sucking to dryness, placing the cherry tomato seeds in a seed germination device as in the method (1), and culturing in an illumination incubator. And taking the radicle breaking through the seed coat length as the seed size which is 2 times as a germination mark, counting the number of germinated seeds every day, photographing and recording the root shape of the germinated seeds, and reading the root length. And 7d, ending the germination experiment, and calculating the germination vigor, germination rate, germination index and vitality index and fresh weight of the single plant, wherein the data are processed and analyzed as in the method.
(4) Evaluation of germination Effect
The following germination index was used for evaluation:
germination vigor (%) = (number of germination 4d after sowing/total number of seeds) ×100%;
germination percentage (%) = (number of germinated seeds/total number of seeds in 7d after sowing) ×100%;
germination index = Σ (number of germination test days per day);
vitality index = individual fresh mass x germination index;
radicle length: a perforated graduated tube scale reading in units (cm);
embryo axial length: vernier caliper measurement, units (cm);
fresh weight of individual plants: analytical balance, unit (mg)
The results are shown in table 1, the 8-Br-cGMP treatment method for significantly improving the germination rate of cherry tomato seeds has the advantages that: the cherry tomato seeds treated by 10 percent of PEG and 20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP solution obviously promote the germination, the germination potential reaches 58.3 percent, and 51.46 percent of the germination is improved compared with the treatment by 10 percent of PEG; the germination rate reaches 85.8 percent, and 60.14 percent is improved compared with 10 percent of PEG; the germination index reaches 28.14, which is 46.52% higher than 10% PEG, and compared with the control germination index 29.88, the inhibition of drought is almost completely removed, and the normal condition is recovered. The vitality index reaches 324.53, which is 62.58 percent higher than 10 percent of PEG, and exceeds the vitality index 281.39 of the control group. 20. The bactericide is nontoxic under the condition of low concentration of mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP, and has the advantages of less dosage when treating seeds, economy, short time and quick response; the seeds are not damaged, the method is simple, and the seeds are not affected by factors such as seasons, weather, natural disasters and the like.
As can be seen from the figure 1, in the germination period 2d,10% PEG obviously delays the germination of 1d cherry tomato seeds, while 10% PEG+20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP and 10% PEG+40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP obviously release the inhibition effect, the interaction under stress obviously induces the acceleration of the germination of cherry tomato seeds, and the germination days are shortened; along with the accumulation of germination days, the germination is effectively promoted, the germination of the seeds is slow under the stress of 10 percent PEG, the germination of partial seeds is inhibited, and the complete germination is finally not achieved. Whereas 10% PEG+20. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP treatment significantly promoted the number of seed germination, nearly all seeds were germinated by 5d as much as CK, 20. Mu. Mol/L and 40. Mu. Mol/L8-Br-cGMP treatment; compared with 10 percent of PEG+20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP and 10 percent of PEG+40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP, the treatment effect of 10 percent of PEG+20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP is better than that of 10 percent of PEG+40 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP, and the effect of low concentration is obviously promoted.
As can be seen from fig. 2, 10% PEG significantly inhibited the growth of roots on the hypocotyl after seed germination, while 10% peg+20μmol/L8-Br-cGMP significantly promoted the growth of the main roots and hypocotyl, thereby indirectly indicating significant positive effects on the growth and development of seeds after germination; the fresh weight of a single plant is obvious, the stress of 10% PEG obviously reduces the biomass of seedlings, influences the accumulation and growth of substances of the seedlings, and obviously promotes the fresh weight of the seedlings and improves the quality of the seedlings after 10% PEG+20 mu mol/L8-Br-cGMP treatment. The method can solve the problem of low germination rate of cherry tomato seeds, provide materials and method devices for biological research of vegetable cash crops and production of cherry tomato seedlings for germplasm resources with good germplasm, promote research on hormone regulation and signal transduction of other aspects such as production, human nutrition, root development and plant growth development of cherry tomatoes, and promote economic development of cherry tomato seedlings and fruits thereof.
Table 1 8-Br-cGMP effect on tomato seed germination index under drought stress
| Treatment of | Germination vigor | Germination percentage | Germination index | Vitality index |
| Ck | 0.687 | 0.875 | 29.882 | 281.386 |
| 20μmol/L | 0.767 | 0.9 | 31.454 | 589.762 |
| 40μmol/L | 0.733 | 0.875 | 31.017 | 563.484 |
| 10%PEG | 0.283 | 0.342 | 15.056 | 121.448 |
| 10%PEG+20μmol/L | 0.583 | 0.858 | 28.138 | 324.526 |
| 10%PEG+40μmol/L | 0.483 | 0.683 | 24.383 | 332.415 |
Example 2
The embodiment provides a tomato seed germination observation device, as shown in fig. 3-4, the structure of which comprises: the seed germination device comprises a seed germination groove 1, wherein a screen 2 is placed in the seed germination groove 1, a hole scale tube 4 is movably connected below the seed germination groove 1, and filter paper 3 is placed in the hole scale tube 4; the perforated scale tube 4 is fixed on the hose rack 6, and the perforated scale tube 4 is arranged in the glass groove 5; the baffle 7 is placed in the glass tank 5; the nut 8 and the fixing screw 9 are assembled by the seed germination observation device through the rubber sleeve 10.
Further, the seed germination groove 1 is funnel-shaped in shape, so that the seed germination groove is in contact with air in a large area, and the air permeability of the device is guaranteed.
Further, the filter paper 3 is rolled into an arc shape and placed in the perforated scale tube 4, and occupies two thirds of the circumference of the Kong Kedu tube 4, and the scale is exposed.
Further, both the glass tank 5 and the plastic spacer 7 are made of a material excellent in light transmittance.
Further, the tube 4 of the tape Kong Kedu is provided with scales and transparent, so that the length and the growth form of the roots after the seeds germinate can be rapidly read.
Further, the inner diameter of the tube of the band Kong Kedu is 3-6mm, the height is 15-20cm, and the tube is fixed in the glass groove by a hose rack; the volume is big, can hold sufficient culture solution, and avoids the unnecessary waste of resource.
Further, the diameter of the upper periphery of the seed germination groove 1 is 1-2cm, and the diameter of the lower periphery is 2.1-5.2mm; the diameter of the screen is 2.5-5.5mm, and the small holes on the hose provide guarantee for good air circulation; the plastic baffle 7 can be present or absent according to the need, if the treatment is more, the repetition is less, and the baffle can be inserted into a plurality of culture solution containing grooves for better research effectiveness.
Further, small holes are formed in the wall of the perforated scale tube 4, the diameter is about 1mm, the air permeability is good, and the drying is caused by the fact that filter paper is placed in a siphoning manner, so that seed germination is affected.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for observing germination of tomato seeds, which is shown in figures 3-5 and comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning a seed germination groove 1, a screen 2, a perforated scale tube 4, a glass groove 5, a hose rack 6 and a glass partition plate 7, and airing for later use.
(2) The individual components are assembled according to the description and the drawings. The filter paper 3 is firstly rolled into an arc shape and is placed in the perforated scale tube 4, and the scale is exposed by occupying two thirds of the circumference of the Kong Kedu tube 4. Spreading a screen 2 on the top end of the perforated scale tube 4, and then fixing the seed germination groove 1 on the top end of the perforated scale tube 4; the assembly is then placed on the hose rack 6, while the hose rack 6 is held flat against the upper side of the glass tank 5, the glass tank 5 is placed in the rubber jacket 10, and finally a plurality of the above structures are assembled and held in a system (as the case may be by the test process) with nuts 8 and holding screws 9.
(3) After selecting seeds 11 with uniform size and full shape, washing and sterilizing, placing the growth positions of embryo buds of the seeds 11 on a screen 2 downwards.
(4) Then adding the culture solution into the glass tank 5 according to the test requirement, and adding the culture solution to the position of about 1/2 of the volume of the glass tank 5; if the experimental treatment is more, the repetition is reduced, the glass partition 7 is inserted into the glass groove 5 according to the requirement, and two grooves are formed in the partition area so as to meet the experimental requirement.
(5) And finally, placing the whole device on an illumination incubator or an illumination culture rack with proper temperature, humidity, illumination time and light intensity for cultivation, adding nutrient solution at proper time, taking the radicle breaking through the seed coat length to reach the size of 2 times as a germination mark, observing, photographing and recording test phenomenon.
In summary, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a method for improving germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress, which effectively relieves inhibition of germination of cherry tomato seeds under drought stress, shortens germination period, overcomes various disadvantages of low germination rate, good germination, slow growth and the like, and greatly improves germination rate, germination vigor, germination index and vitality index of cherry tomato seeds, and can cultivate strong seedlings with high quality and high quantity for seedling establishment and planting.
The embodiment 2-3 of the invention provides a device and a method for simulating a seed germination observation experiment by a seed soaking and germination accelerating method under a natural light controllable condition, which can intuitively and effectively observe the formation of the germination roots and leaves of the seeds, and compare various treatments under the same condition, thereby providing a basis for research from the aspect of phenotype. The controllable photoinduction condition can be used for testing and improving the stress resistance germination of seeds, a screening treatment scheme is used for culturing a small number of seedlings, the yield and the quality of the seedlings are improved, and the cultured strong seedlings can be planted for other researches or applications. The invention can be used for experimental devices for observing the growth of various plant seed sprouting seedlings and roots with different sizes or a small quantity of seedling production equipment.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the application and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the application and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the application.
Claims (1)
- Use of 8-Br-cGMP for increasing the germination rate of tomato seeds under drought stress, characterized in that the 8-Br-cGMP concentration is 20 μmol/L.
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| CN114982564A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-09-02 | 九江学院 | Tomato seedling culture method suitable for drought soil planting |
| CN115176555A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-10-14 | 江西省棉花研究所 | Method for identifying aluminum resistance of cotton seeds and simple culture device |
| CN115804278B (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2024-02-02 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Germinating ecological niche model based on hydrothermal stress response and species recovery optimization method |
| CN115777530B (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-12-01 | 黑龙江省原子能研究院 | Screening method of semi-lethal dose of dormant seeds of physical composite mutagenesis straight root crops |
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