CN104350834A - Seed soaking treatment method for increasing germination rate of corn seeds - Google Patents
Seed soaking treatment method for increasing germination rate of corn seeds Download PDFInfo
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- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A seed soaking treatment method for increasing the germination rate of corn seeds proceeds according to the five steps as follows: step 1, seed selection and pretreatment; step 2, soaking liquid preparation including preparation of a common corn soaking liquid and preparation of a sweet corn soaking liquid, wherein three types of soaking liquids including three hormones, namely, gibberellin, heteroauxin and brassinolide, are prepared and applied to each of two kinds of corns; step 3, determination of the weight ratio of various soaking liquid use quantity to air dried seeds; step 4, soaking; and step 5, instant sowing or redrying. The seed soaking treatment method for the corn seeds is simple, convenient, short in period, high in efficiency, low in cost and labor-saving, takes effect no matter soil moisture content is high or low, can be taken as a supplementation means for variety improvement to a certain extent, and is not limited by districts and weather.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crop seed broadcast before preprocess method, be specifically conducive to improve corn seed top soil germination rate soaking processing method.
Background technology
Corn is the maximum crop of China's sowing area, is stabilized in about 500,000,000 mu throughout the year, but be distributed in more account for national 2/3 arable area arid, semiarid zone.Dry-land corn district upper soll layer evaporation discharge is greater than precipitation, and time of 90% can not begin sowing in good time because of soil moisture content deficiency.Monitoring Data shows, main maize area 0 ~ 20cm soil layer average relative water content such as China North China, northeast, northwest only about 50%, and drought-hit area is expanding and the gesture having south to move, and brings extreme difficulties to corn seeding.Although production also there are some traditional drought-resistant seeding methods seed deeply as visited moisture in the soil, existing variety seeds top soil ability, seed deeply and be difficult to emerge, cause disconnected ridge phenomenon of being short of seedling, the serious time is short of seedling and can reaches 40% ~ 50%, directly has influence on the harvest of corn.Cultivating the strong corn variety of the native ability in top is one of effective way of reply current rigorous damage caused by a drought.But because breeding cost is high, the labour that drops into is many, by the restriction of region and weather, especially the cycle is long, at least 5-8, more than 10 years at most, even faces the risk of failure.Current China is only bred as the strong corn variety of several tops native ability few in number, as " anti-38 ", " 40107 ", " HanYu No.5 " etc., and mostly is the seed selection nineties in last century.Due to the restriction by the varities practice cycle, these kinds are also withdrawn from the market gradually.
It is reported, seed soaking can promote the sprouting of corn seed under normal sowing condition to a certain extent, but furthers investigate raising corn seed at the report seed deeplying the germination rate under condition there are no people.As everyone knows, the normal sowing depth of conventional corn is only 2-5cm.But concerning sweet corn, sprout even if sowing depth only has 2cm seed also not necessarily can eject soil, can only seedling raising and transplanting when situation is serious.The Maize Production reality of this sternness, bringing agricultural science worker one has raising Vigor of Zea mays L. Seeds to be solved conscientiously, promotes the problem of the native germination efficiency in top.To this, the applicant has done a little work, now makes known publicly in the mode of patent application.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of soaking processing method improving corn seed top soil germination rate.
Solve the problems of the technologies described above and adopt following technical scheme:
1. improve a soaking processing method for corn seed top soil germination rate, it is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment: select that anosis worm endanger, full grains, not damaged preservation 1-3 corn make seed, make disinfectant by quality than the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that concentration is 1%, soak 10min, after taking-up with clean water flushing, drain;
(2) preparation of soak:
The preparation of conventional corn soak: make soak with the hormone aqueous solution, the mass volume ratio of its hormone and clean water is respectively:
1. gibberellin (GA
3) soak concentration is 0.15-0.20g/L,
2. heteroauxin (IAA) soak concentration is (1.5-2.0) × 10
-5g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5.1) × 10
-4g/L,
Choose any one kind of them in three kinds of soaks;
The preparation of sweet corn soak: make soak with the hormone aqueous solution, the mass volume ratio of its hormone and clean water is:
1. gibberellin (GA
3) soak concentration is 0.03-0.04g/L,
2. heteroauxin (IAA) soak concentration is (1.6-2.0) × 10
-4g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5) × 10
-4g/L,
Choose any one kind of them in three kinds of soaks;
(3) consumption of soak and the determination of gas dry seeds weight ratio: soak: seed=100ml:(50-100) g;
(4) soak: being immersed in by seed in soak, is soak 18-30h under the dark condition of 23 ± 2 DEG C in temperature, period needs to stir, and guarantees the uniformity that seed soaks;
(5) vertically to broadcast or Hui Gan: seed soaks to finish both can be sowed in good time immediately, and also can return dry stand-by, Hui Ganshi, seed seed soaking finished takes out, and divides on paper handkerchief or towel, and 23 ± 2 DEG C of stand 48 ± 2h, put into 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores stand-by.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this method is simple to operate, be easy to grasp, cycle extremely short, instant effect, in good conditions for soil moisture or bad soil, all can obtain significant effect, application value is large.This method as of a genetic improvement method means of supplementing out economy, can greatly reduce cost, saves labour to a certain extent, is not subject to the restriction of region and weather.
Accompanying drawing explanation
After the different seed-soaking method process of Fig. 1, corn seed seed deeplys the reduced coordinates figure of germination rate.
Fig. 2 GA
3the change curve of conventional corn Nongda108 seed leachate electrical conductivity after seed soaking Hui Gan.
The change curve of the super sweet No. 3 seed leachate electrical conductivity of super-sweet corn after Fig. 3 IAA seed soaking Hui Gan.
The reduced coordinates figure of corn seed dehydrogenase activity after the different seed-soaking method process of Fig. 4.
The oxygen consumption curve map of conventional corn Nongda108 seed after the different seed-soaking method process of Fig. 5.The oxygen consumption curve map of super sweet No. 3 seeds of sweet corn after the different seed-soaking method process of Fig. 6.
Embodiment
The present invention is also described in detail with reference to accompanying drawing below in conjunction with embodiment: 1. one kind is improved the soaking processing method of corn seed top soil germination rate, it is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment: select that anosis worm endanger, full grains, not damaged preservation 1-3 corn make seed, make disinfectant by quality than the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that concentration is 1%, soak 10min, after taking-up with clean water flushing, drain;
(2) preparation of soak:
The preparation of conventional corn soak: make soak with the hormone aqueous solution, the mass volume ratio of its hormone and clean water is respectively:
1. gibberellin (GA
3) soak concentration is 0.15-0.20g/L,
2. heteroauxin (IAA) soak concentration is (1.5-2.0) × 10
-5g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5.1) × 10
-4g/L,
Choose any one kind of them in three kinds of soaks;
The preparation of sweet corn soak: make soak with the hormone aqueous solution, the mass volume ratio of its hormone and clean water is:
1. gibberellin (GA3) soak concentration is 0.03-0.04g/L,
2. heteroauxin (IAA) soak concentration is (1.6-2.0) × 10-4g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5) × 10-4g/L,
Choose any one kind of them in three kinds of soaks;
(3) consumption of soak and the determination of gas dry seeds weight ratio: soak: seed=100ml:(50-100) g;
(4) soak: being immersed in by seed in soak, is soak 18-30h under the dark condition of 23 ± 2 DEG C in temperature, period needs to stir, and guarantees the uniformity that seed soaks;
(5) vertically to broadcast or Hui Gan: seed soaks to finish both can be sowed in good time immediately, and also can return dry stand-by, Hui Ganshi, seed seed soaking finished takes out, and divides on paper handkerchief or towel, and 23 ± 2 DEG C of stand 48 ± 2h, put into 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores stand-by.
For confirming and confirm the feasibility of this method, the applicant has done series of contrast, is now described below:
1 foreword
The seed seed deeplyed under condition must extend corresponding organ just can eject soil, and this is the key of crop seed top soil.For different crops, it is different for extending organ.Seed deeply Chinese sorghum mesocotyl under condition to extend thus make its seedling eject soil and emerge, but Wheat and barley extends hardly seed deeplying mesocotyl under condition, on the contrary between its first segment and coleoptile significantly extend.The strong top native corn inbred line DT-26 seed of this laboratory culture is that mesocotyl significantly extends seed deeplying its obvious feature under condition, thus penetrates thick soil horizon and emerge.
Research and production practices show, auxin, as gibberellin (GA3), heteroauxin (IAA), brassinosteroid (BR) all can change the physiological structure of plant, promote cell elongation growth, improve the stress resistance of plant.According to the study, gibberellin is to promoting that the elongation of plant cell has remarkable effect, to seed germination and seed vitality important, gibberellin can improve the content of IAA in plant corpus, the synthesis of induction seed α-amylase, accelerate the hydrolysis of starch in endosperm, accelerate cell division differentiation thus promote seed germination.Low concentration heteroauxin can promote the division of cell, accelerates the metabolism of cell, promotes the growth of plant corpus.Numerous experiment proves that brassinosteroid has very high physiologically active, at much lower concentrations, can obviously promote cell division and elongation, participates in the multiple biochemical pathway of regulating plant, has obvious facilitation to plant growth.In Maize Production, brassinosteroid compounds has some investigation and application.Soaked seed by brassinosteroid, the loss that arid causes corn can be alleviated.
Can this characteristic of Promote cell's growth according to three parahormones, utilize the hormone solution process corn seed of variable concentrations, determine the optimum concentration that can improve corn top soil ability by the germination test of different seed level, and inquire into the physiological mechanism of hormone Promotive effect.The new production method carrying out improving the native germination rate in top for dry-land corn provides scientific basis.
2 materials and methods
2.1 material
Conventional corn kind: Nongda108, super-sweet corn kind: super sweet No. 3, seed is purchased from Zhejiang Nong Kezhong industry Co., Ltd.
2.2 method
2.2.1 method for treating seeds and sprouting condition
Gibberellin (GA
3), heteroauxin (IAA), brassinosteroid (BR) be analyze pure, molecular weight is respectively 346.37,175.19,480.68.According to the characteristic of three kinds of hormones, utilize the hormone solution process corn seed of variable concentrations, to determine the optimum concentration that can improve corn top soil ability, concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) hormone concentration:
(2) sowing depth
(3) husky atarting material process
River sand sieves after decontamination, baking oven inner drying process 4h.The front suitable quantity of water of sowing is mixed to sand and becomes certain state of aggregation.
(4) sowing is sprouted
Sprout at dark 25 DEG C of 12h illumination/12h, after emerging, every day adds up germinative number, surveys seedling length, Miao Chong after 10d.3 repetitions are established in test.Period notes the moisturizing of husky bed, prevents husky bed surface from occurring hardening and cause maize bud top impaired.
A. germination vigor: 6d emergence rate
B. germination rate: 10d emergence rate
C. germination index (GI)=∑ Gt/Dt Gt: the germinative number Dt on the same day: germination number of days
D. vitality index (VI)=GI × S GI: germination index S: seedling length (cm) or seedling weight (g) in the regular period
E. mesocotyl is long: 10d selects 10 seeds germinateed at random, measures the length of mesocotyl.
2.2.2 the mensuration of electrical conductivity
Electrical conductivity DDS-307 conductivity meter measures, and gets each hormone optimum concentration process seed and does not soak seed, each 50 of the seed of water logging kind, repeats, measures respectively, unit of account weight seed leachate electrical conductivity after seed soaking when 12h, 24h and 36h for 3 times.
2.2.3 measuring desaturase liveness
Respectively " Nongda108 " and " super sweet No. 3 " seed is soaked seed under 25 DEG C of conditions after 24h, random selecting 10 seeds, along axis rip cutting, then test tube is put into, and in each test tube, add triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reagent of 10ml 0.2% respectively, test tube plug beyond the Great Wall, dye 24h under 25 DEG C of conditions.Then take out the embryo of seed and use distilled water flushing three times, and then adding 10ml absolute ethyl alcohol, under 25 DEG C of conditions, placing 24h.Under 490nm ultraviolet light, the OD value of extract is finally measured with spectrophotometer, and in triplicate.
2.2.4 oxygen sensing determination
Random selecting often plants 48 seeds under process, and arranges 4 repetitions, and every seed is placed in the 2.0ml test tube that 1ml 0.5% agar medium is housed respectively.Under being placed into 25 DEG C of conditions after tightly covering with sealing lid, and arrange two contrasts, positive control is the test tube of not seed addition, and negative contrast adds oversaturated Na in vitro
2sO
3solution, then automatically measured through Q2 instrument (Dutch ASTECGlobal company) every one hour.In order to emphasize comparativity, the oxygen concentration measured in real time all represents by relative concentration (%): have the invisible spectro oxygen concentration of a seed/do not have seed-bearing invisible spectro oxygen concentration.After conventional seed measures 72h (sprouting very fast) or ultra-sweet corn seeds measures 96h (sprouting slower), four oxygen metabolism indexes comprise enhancing metabolism time (IMT), oxygen metabolism speed (OMR), relative sprout time (RGT) is all analyzed by Q2 analysis software with relative speed (RGR) of sprouting.In general, IMT and RGT and seed vitality negative correlation, and OMR and RGR and seed vitality positive correlation.
2.2.5 data analysis
Use all data of SAS variance analysis software and this experiment of Excel software process.
3 results and analysis
3.1 impacts of hormon seed soaking on Course of Corn Seed Germination
3.1.1 GA
3the impact of seed soaking on Course of Corn Seed Germination
As can be seen from Table 1, the seed soaking of variable concentrations gibberellin all has impact to the germination vigor of Nongda108 corn seed under 10cm seed level condition, germination rate, germination index, vitality index, especially best with 0.175g/L concentration.Compared with not soaking seed, 0.175g/L GA
3the germination vigor of the rear seed of seed soaking, germination rate, germination index, vitality index improve 38.1%, 34.1%, 40.4%, 25.6% respectively.Compared with water logging kind, 0.175g/L GA
3the germination vigor of the rear seed of seed soaking, germination rate, germination index, vitality index improve 31.0%, 15.7%, 11.9%, 9.8% respectively.In table 1, same row same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.
Table 1 GA
3the impact of seed soaking on conventional corn Nongda108 seed germination under 10cm seed level condition
As can be seen from Table 2, the seed soaking of variable concentrations gibberellin all has impact to the germination vigor of super sweet No. 3 corn seeds under 6cm seed level condition, germination rate, germination index, vitality index, especially best with 0.035g/L concentration.Compared with not soaking seed, 0.035g/L GA
3the germination vigor of the rear seed of seed soaking, germination rate, germination index, vitality index improve 34.8%, 37.5%, 59.3%, 61.4% respectively, compared with water logging kind, and 0.035g/L GA
3the germination vigor of the rear seed of seed soaking, germination rate, germination index, vitality index improve 50.0%, 18.5%, 26.5%, 39.1% respectively.In table 2, same row same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.
Table 2 GA
3the impact of seed soaking on super sweet No. 3 seed germinations of super-sweet corn under 6cm seed level condition
3.1.2 the impact of IAA seed soaking on Course of Corn Seed Germination
As can be seen from Table 3, the seed soaking of variable concentrations heteroauxin all has impact, especially with 1.75 × 10 to the germination vigor of Nongda108 corn seed under 10cm seed level condition, germination rate, germination index
-5g/L concentration is best.Compared with not soaking seed, 1.75 × 10
-5the germination vigor of the rear seed of g/L IAA seed soaking, germination rate, germination index improve 34.3%, 32.9%, 38.3% respectively, compared with water logging kind, and 1.75 × 10
-5the germination vigor of the rear seed of g/L IAA seed soaking, germination rate, germination index improve 27.4%, 14.7%, 10.2% respectively.In table 3, same row same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.
The impact of table 3 IAA seed soaking on conventional corn Nongda108 seed germination under 10cm seed level condition
As can be seen from Table 4, the seed soaking of variable concentrations heteroauxin all has impact, especially with 1.75 × 10 to the germination vigor of super sweet No. 3 corn seeds under 6cm seed level condition, germination rate, germination index
-4g/L concentration is best.Compared with not soaking seed, 1.75 × 10
-4the germination vigor of the rear seed of g/L IAA seed soaking, germination rate, germination index improve 112.5%, 23.3%, 29.6% respectively.Compared with water logging kind, 1.75 × 10
-4the germination vigor of the rear seed of g/L IAA seed soaking, germination rate, germination index improve 41.7%, 6.2%, 2.9% respectively.In table 4, same row same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.
The impact of table 4 IAA seed soaking on super sweet No. 3 seed germinations of super-sweet corn under 6cm seed level condition
3.1.3 the impact of BR seed soaking on Course of Corn Seed Germination
As can be seen from Table 5, the seed soaking of variable concentrations brassinosteroid all has impact, especially with 4.8 × 10 to the germination vigor of Nongda108 corn seed under 10cm seed level condition, germination rate, germination index
-4g/L concentration is best.Compared with not soaking seed, 4.8 × 10
-4the germination vigor of the rear seed of g/L BR seed soaking, germination rate, germination index improve 25.3%, 28.3%, 34.0% respectively.Compared with water logging kind, 4.8 × 10
-4the germination vigor of the rear seed of g/L BR seed soaking, germination rate, germination index improve 18.9%, 10.7%, 6.8% respectively.In table 5, same row same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.
The impact of table 5 BR seed soaking on conventional corn Nongda108 seed germination under 10cm seed level condition
From table 6, we can see that variable concentrations BR seed soaking all has impact, especially with 4.8 × 10 to the germination vigor of super sweet No. 3 corn seeds under 6cm seed level condition, germination rate, germination index
-4g/L concentration is best.Compared with not soaking seed, 4.8 × 10
-4the germination vigor of the rear seed of g/L BR seed soaking, germination rate, germination index improve 87.5%, 28.7%, 44.4% respectively, compared with water logging kind, and 4.8 × 10
-4the germination vigor of the rear seed of g/L BR seed soaking, germination rate, germination index improve 25.0%, 10.9%, 14.7% respectively.In table 6, same row same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.
The impact of table 6 BR seed soaking on super sweet No. 3 seed germinations of super-sweet corn under 6cm seed level condition
3.1.4 different seed-soaking method is on the impact of Course of Corn Seed Germination
Above result of the test shows, for " Nongda108 " and " super sweet No. 3 " seed, and GA
3optimum concentration be respectively 0.175g/L and 0.035g/L, the optimum concentration of IAA is respectively 1.75 × 10
-5g/L IAA and 1.75 × 10
-4the optimum concentration of g/L IAA, BR is 4.8 × 10
-4g/L.From the optium concentration of 3 kinds of hormones relatively, 0.175g/L GA
3the most obvious to the facilitation effect of " Nongda108 ", 0.035g/L GA
3to the facilitation effect the most obvious (table 7) of " super sweet No. 3 ".In table 7, same row same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.
Compared with not soaking seed, the germination vigor of " Nongda108 " seed, germination rate, germination index and mesocotyl length are through 0.175g/L GA
338.1%, 35.8%, 40.4%, 26.1% is improve respectively, through 1.75 × 10 after solution seed soaking
-534.3%, 32.9%, 38.3%, 22.5% is improve respectively, through 4.8 × 10 after g/L IAA solution seed soaking
-4improve respectively 25.3%, 28.3%, 34.0%, 17.6% (table 7) after g/L BR solution seed soaking.The germination vigor of " super sweet No. 3 " seed, germination rate, germination index and mesocotyl length are through 0.035g/L GA
3125.0%, 37.5%, 59.3%, 36.8% is improve respectively, through 1.75 × 10 after solution seed soaking
-4112.5%, 23.3%, 29.6%, 33.9% is improve respectively, through 4.8 × 10 after g/LIAA solution seed soaking
-487.5%, 28.7%, 44.4%, 26.9% is improve respectively after g/L BR solution seed soaking.
Compared with the seed of water logging kind, the germination vigor of " Nongda108 " seed, germination rate, germination index and mesocotyl length are through 0.175g/L GA
331.0%, 11.8%, 11.9%, 13.8% is improve respectively, through 1.75 × 10 after solution seed soaking
-527.4%, 9.4%, 10.2%, 10.6% is improve respectively, through 4.8 × 10 after g/L IAA solution seed soaking
-418.9%, 5.6%, 6.8%, 6.1% is improve respectively after g/L BR solution seed soaking.The germination vigor of " super sweet No. 3 " seed, germination rate, germination index and mesocotyl length are through 0.035g/L GA
350.0%, 18.5%, 26.5%, 20.0% is improve respectively, through 1.75 × 10 after solution seed soaking
-441.7%, 6.2%, 2.9%, 17.4% is improve respectively, through 4.8 × 10 after g/L IAA solution seed soaking
-425.0%, 10.9%, 14.7%, 11.3% is improve respectively after g/L BR solution seed soaking.
The different seed-soaking method of table 7 seed deeplys the impact of germination on corn seed
For the purpose of directly perceived, by seed deeply in table 7 germination rate data make different seed-soaking method process after corn seed seed deeply the reduced coordinates figure of germination rate, refer to Fig. 1.It should be noted that in Fig. 1: the GA soaked for conventional corn kind " Nongda108 " seed
3, the concentration of IAA, BR is respectively 0.175g/L, 1.75 × 10-5g/L, 4.8 × 10-4g/L, and for the GA3 that Sweet corn variety " super sweet No. 3 " seed soaks, the concentration of IAA, BR is respectively 0.035g/L, 1.75 × 10-4g/L, 4.8 × 10-4g/L; Same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.
3.2 impacts of hormon seed soaking on corn seed cell membrane integrity
The principle of seed leachate conductance measurement is the seed imbibition initial stage, the degree that the capacity electrolyte of cell membrane reconstruction and injury repair and soluble substance exosmose, and the speed of rebuilding film integrality is faster, and sweat is fewer, and conductivity value is less.The electrical conductivity of high vigor seed soak is lower than the seed of low vitality.Below with GA
3, IAA and water logging kind be example, illustrates that different seed-soaking method is to reduction electrical conductivity, improves the effect of cell membrane integrity and vigor.
As can be seen from Figure 2,0.175g/L GA
3after solution and water logging kind, the leachate electrical conductivity of Nongda108 seed all obviously reduces, especially with 0.175g/LGA 3 soak times
3soak seed leachate electrical conductivity minimum.Along with the prolongation of soak time, the leachate electrical conductivity of 3 kinds of process seeds raises, gradually especially with 0.175g/L GA
3soaking seed leachate electrical conductivity rises the slowest.Above result shows, 0.175g/L GA
3after soaking, the vigor of seed is the highest, and be secondly water logging kind, the seed vitality of not soaking seed is minimum.
As can be seen from Figure 3,1.75 × 10
-4after g/L IAA solution and water logging kind, the leachate electrical conductivity of Nongda108 seed all obviously reduces, especially with 1.75 × 10 3 soak times
-4g/L IAA immersion seed leachate electrical conductivity is minimum.Along with the prolongation of soak time, the leachate electrical conductivity of 3 kinds of process seeds raises, gradually especially with 1.75 × 10
-4g/LIAA soaks seed leachate electrical conductivity and rises the slowest.Above result shows, 1.75 × 10
-4after g/L IAA soaks, the vigor of seed is the highest, and be secondly water logging kind, the seed vitality of not soaking seed is minimum.
3.3 impacts of hormon seed soaking on corn seed dehydrogenase activity
As everyone knows, seed dehydrogenase activity is higher, and the breathing of seed is more vigorous, and therefore the activity level of seed is high.In order to illustrate the impact of seed soaking on corn seed dehydrogenase activity, being separated the embryo of seed and measuring the activity of embryo portion dehydrase.
As can be seen from Figure 4, after seed soaking, intraseminal dehydrogenase activity improves, and compared with not soaking seed, in " Nongda108 " seed, the activity of dehydrase is through 0.175g/L GA
3, 1.75 × 10
-5g/L IAA, 4.8 × 10
-4improve 1.3,1.1,1.3 times respectively after g/L BR solution seed soaking.In " super sweet No. 3 " seed, the activity of dehydrase is through 0.035g/L GA
3, 1.75 × 10
-5g/L IAA, 4.8 × 10
-4improve 3.2,2.9,3.1 times respectively after g/L BR solution seed soaking.It should be noted that in Fig. 4: the GA soaked for Nongda108 seed
3, the concentration of IAA, BR is respectively 0.175g/L, 1.75 × 10
-5g/L, 4.8 × 10
-4g/L, for the GA that super sweet No. 3 seeds soak
3, the concentration of IAA, BR is respectively 0.035g/L, 1.75 × 10
-4g/L, 4.8 × 10
-4g/L; Same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.
Compared with water logging kind, in " Nongda108 " seed, the activity of dehydrase is through 0.175g/L GA
3, 1.75 × 10
-5g/L IAA, 4.8 × 10
-415.4%, 10.8%, 15.4% is improve respectively after g/L BR solution seed soaking.In " super sweet No. 3 " seed, the activity of dehydrase is through 0.035g/L GA
3, 1.75 × 10
-5g/L IAA, 4.8 × 10
-478.8%, 63.6%, 75.8% is improve respectively after g/L BR solution seed soaking.
Above result shows, hormone seed soaking improves the dehydrogenase activity of corn seed, thus facilitates the improvement of seed vitality, especially with 0.175g/L GA
3the most remarkable.
3.4 impacts of hormon seed soaking on the respiratory metabolism in Course of Corn Seed Germination process
The sprouting of seed is a quite complicated physiology course.In whole germination process, the respiratory metabolism of seed is vigorous, and therefore, oxygen is the necessary condition that seed is sprouted smoothly.Every activated seed, even if be in very dry or resting state, its respiration also can not stop.Any vital movement of seed is all closely related with respiration, breathes as vital movement provides energy, once the respiration of seed stops, seed is also thereupon dead.In whole germination process, the energy matter (mainly starch, protein, fat) of seed must could oxidation Decomposition under the condition of aerobic, is converted into anabolic intermediate product and provides the energy needed for physiological activity.Respiration is the concentrated expression of seed physiology activity as can be seen here, and respiratory power is then directly connected to the height of seed vitality.Therefore, the vigor condition that seed germination stage oxygen consumption situation can reflect seed is well detected.Oxygen sensing technology is exactly the height evaluating the activity level of seed according to the oxygen Expenditure Levels of seed in germination process.
Sprouting start-up time (IMT) reflects seed imbibition and sprouts to the speed of radicle breakthrough seed coat, and high vigor seed at short notice imbibition is sprouted, and radicle breaks through seed coat, shows as IMT value low.Oxygen wear rate (OMR) is that seed base-root is broken through to the respiratory rate between slack-off by Hypoxia Stress oxygen wear rate after seed coat, and it is high that high vigor seed shows as OMR value.Theoretical sprout time (RGT) is the theoretical sprout time under non-Hypoxia Stress condition, and directly related with the actual sprout time of every seed, it is low that high vigor seed shows as RGT value.Theoretical germination rate (RGR) is the germination rate inferred according to the quantity of reversed S shape, and the seed in reversed S shape in oxygen sensing detection is all considered to the seed germinateed, and seed vitality is higher, and its RGR value is higher.
As can be seen from Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, for two corn varieties, through GA
3its oxygen consumption of the seed soaked is the fastest, and take second place with the seed that water logging kind is crossed, the seed oxygen consumption of not soaking seed is the slowest.In addition, conventional corn kind " Nongda108 " is faster than Sweet corn variety " super sweet No. 3 " oxygen consumption.
Through 0.175g/L GA
3the conventional corn kind " Nongda108 " of solution seed soaking and through 0.035g/L GA
3the Sweet corn variety " super sweet No. 3 " of solution seed soaking, IMT and RGT of the two has had remarkable reduction, and OMR and RGR has had and significantly improve (table 8).In table 8, same row same letter represents that difference is not remarkable in p < 0.05 level.This oxygen sensing testing result shows to utilize external source GA
3seed soaking can promote the respiration of seed, thus can promote the sprouting of seed under the condition of seed deeplying." Nongda108 " seed crossed with water logging kind is compared, through 0.175g/L GA with not soaking seed
3seed its IMT, RGT that solution soaks reduce 53.8%, 57.1% and 18.7%, 19.8% respectively, and OMR, RGR improve 116.9%, 27.4% and 20.3%, 15.5% respectively.Similarly, " the super sweet No. 3 " seed crossed with water logging kind is compared with not soaking seed, seed its IMT, RGT of soaking through 0.035g/L solution reduce 45.8%, 25.3% and 20.8%, 13.4% respectively, and OMR, RGR improve 138.0%, 45.4% and 29.9%, 16.5% respectively.
Above result shows, GA
3seed soaking improves the oxygen respiratory metabolism level of conventional corn kind and Sweet corn variety seed, thus improves the activity level of seed, especially with 0.175g/L GA
3(Nongda108) or 0.035g/L GA
3(super sweet No. 3) effect of soaking seed is the most obvious.
Table 8 seed soaks the impact on corn seed oxygen metabolism index
Claims (1)
1. improve a soaking processing method for corn seed top soil germination rate, it is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment: select that anosis worm endanger, full grains, not damaged preservation 1-3 corn make seed, make disinfectant by quality than the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution that concentration is 1%, soak 10min, after taking-up with clean water flushing, drain;
(2) preparation of soak:
The preparation of conventional corn soak: make soak with the hormone aqueous solution, the mass volume ratio of its hormone and clean water is respectively:
1. gibberellin (GA
3) soak concentration is 0.15-0.20g/L,
2. heteroauxin (IAA) soak concentration is (1.5-2.0) × 10
-5g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5.1) × 10
-4g/L,
Choose any one kind of them in three kinds of soaks;
The preparation of sweet corn soak: make soak with the hormone aqueous solution, the mass volume ratio of its hormone and clean water is:
1. gibberellin (GA
3) soak concentration is 0.03-0.04g/L,
2. heteroauxin (IAA) soak concentration is (1.6-2.0) × 10
-4g/L,
3. brassinosteroid (BR) soak concentration is (4.5-5) × 10
-4g/L,
Choose any one kind of them in three kinds of soaks;
(3) consumption of soak and the determination of gas dry seeds weight ratio: soak: seed=100ml:(50-100) g;
(4) soak: being immersed in by seed in soak, is soak 18-30h under the dark condition of 23 ± 2 DEG C in temperature, period needs to stir, and guarantees the uniformity that seed soaks;
(5) vertically to broadcast or Hui Gan: seed soaks to finish both can be sowed in good time immediately, and also can return dry stand-by, Hui Ganshi, seed seed soaking finished takes out, and divides on paper handkerchief or towel, and 23 ± 2 DEG C of stand 48 ± 2h, put into 4 DEG C of Refrigerator stores stand-by.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104956813A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-07 | 曾少兰 | Method for improving germination rate of corn seeds |
| CN105009737A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-04 | 凤阳县荣海农业科技服务有限公司 | Method for soaking corn seeds with low-concentration IBA (indolebutyric acid) at variable temperature |
| CN105027736A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 凤阳县荣海农业科技服务有限公司 | Method for immersing corn seeds by combining low-concentration IAA with constant temperature |
| CN105191538A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-30 | 凤阳县荣海农业科技服务有限公司 | Method for soaking corn seeds by combining low-concentration IAA with variable temperatures |
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| CN104956813A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-07 | 曾少兰 | Method for improving germination rate of corn seeds |
| CN105009737A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-04 | 凤阳县荣海农业科技服务有限公司 | Method for soaking corn seeds with low-concentration IBA (indolebutyric acid) at variable temperature |
| CN105027736A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 凤阳县荣海农业科技服务有限公司 | Method for immersing corn seeds by combining low-concentration IAA with constant temperature |
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| CN107094470A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-29 | 德保县广鑫贸易有限公司 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of zinc-rich corn |
| CN110603929A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-24 | 合肥扬扬农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving germination rate of corn seeds |
| CN109997446A (en) * | 2019-04-13 | 2019-07-12 | 甘肃农业大学 | A method of improving corn seed deep seeding tolerance ability |
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