CN104145560A - Method for determining salt-sensitivity period for salt tolerance of peanuts - Google Patents
Method for determining salt-sensitivity period for salt tolerance of peanuts Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145560A CN104145560A CN201410374396.6A CN201410374396A CN104145560A CN 104145560 A CN104145560 A CN 104145560A CN 201410374396 A CN201410374396 A CN 201410374396A CN 104145560 A CN104145560 A CN 104145560A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining salt-sensitivity period for salt tolerance of peanuts. The method comprises the following steps: (1) planting of the peanuts; (2) measurement of soil water content, soil moisture absorption water content and field water-holding capacity; (3) determination of soil salt content gradient, namely setting four salt stress concentrations of 0, 0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45% to analyze pure NaC1 preparation; (4) salt stress operation in growth stage, namely performing experiments of three factors of peanut variety, processing period and concentration by using an orthogonal method, carrying out salt stress operation in peanut germination stage, seedling stage, floricome stage and podding stage, and repeating the experiment for 6 times via random arrangement; (5) processing of experiment samples; and (6) experiment data processing and result analysis, namely determining the influences, caused by the salt stress in different growth periods, on the peanut form and biomass. According to the method, the production risk of the peanuts at the saline-alkali soil can be greatly reduced, the agricultural planting structure of the saline-alkali soil areas is optimized, the economic benefit and the social benefit of the agricultural production are improved, relatively high operability and raw material reutilization property are provided and the production cost is reduced.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to crop cultivating technology field, specifically, is the method for definite peanut salt tolerant tricky time a kind of.
[background technology]
China's saline-alkali soil area approximately 1.0 × 10
7hm
2account for 2.1% of territory total area, account for 6.2% of arable area, still have at present 80% left and right not yet to be utilized, the salinization of soil has seriously restricted grain-production and agricultural sustainable development, and fully developing salt-affected soil is one of effective way expanding peanut cultivation area.
Peanut is important oil crop and economic crops, and peanut oil is one of main source of vegetable oil, and peanut all occupies critical role in Chinese agricultural development and foreign exchange earning.The consumption figure of China's edible vegetable oil increases to be greater than every year 10% amplitude in recent years, and imbalance between supply and demand is the gesture of aggravation.Along with the expansion gradually of plant of grain crops area, oil crop and cereal crops strive the contradiction on ground.Select the peanut varieties that salt resistance is strong, strengthen transformation and the utilization of the middle-and-low-yielding fields such as saline land simultaneously, to expanding peanut cultivation area, improve pattern of farming and promoting that peasant's extra earning is significant, it is also the inevitable requirement that ensures China's edible vegetable oil safety, efficient, high-quality and sustainable agriculture development.
At present, the principal element that restriction saline land peanut yield further improves is the raising of cultivated area restriction and agronomic measures scientific and technological level, which kind of wherein taking keep away salt measure and improve peanut emergence rate, ensure that seedling full stand is neat, increase output, is to expand the important channel that saline land peanut is produced area, ensured saline land peanut sustainable development.
According to this toward statistics and research, China's peanut area, 8,000 ten thousand mu of left and right, wherein 80% is distributed on non-irrigated unfertile land, on saline land almost without peanut cultivation.Its main cause, the one, because peanut self salt resistance ability is lower, do not belong to salt tolerant crop, more without the kind with stronger salt resistance; The 2nd, saline-alkali soil district is main mainly with plantation Salt And Alkali Tolerance crop cotton, and agricultural planting structure is single and more fragile, and cotton recruitment is time-consuming in addition, and its cost rises in recent years, price, Benefit Drops; The 3rd, saline land peanut is sporadicly planted, and its cultivated area is less, and planting technology is immature, and what salt damage caused be short of seedling, and disconnected ridge phenomenon is outstanding, and output is very low, inferior quality.Therefore, cause saline land peanut to produce that area is little, technology is low, output is unstable, economic benefit, Social Ecology and ecological benefits are lower.
Develop, improve, utilize saline land, development saline land peanut is produced, march to saline land, and be the effective way that ensures grain and oil safety.Because peanut belongs to drought-enduring barren-resistant and Salt And Alkali Tolerance crop not, the rare peanut cultivation in China's peanut saline land at present, or output is very low.Therefore, at saline-alkali soil ecological region planting peanut, development space and having a high potential, is conducive to increase peanut cultivation area, improves output.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the invention is, for deficiency of the prior art, provides the method for definite peanut salt tolerant tricky time a kind of.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
The method of definite peanut salt tolerant tricky time, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) peanut plantation: select non-salty-soil earth dress basin, select the plantation of full grains peanut seed, described peanut seed kind is 2;
2) mensuration of soil moisture content, soil hygroscopic water content and field capacity;
3) determining of soil salt content gradient: 0,0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45%4 salt stress concentration is set, to analyze pure NaCl configuration;
4) growthdevelopmental stage salt stress operation: adopt orthogonal experiment respectively peanut varieties, toeatment period and concentration 3 factors to be arranged to test; Experiment is set 4 toeatment periods and is carried out salt stress operation, and described four toeatment periods are germination period, seedling stage, floricome phase, pod phase; Described test repeats 6 times, randomized arrangement; Salt stress operating process is: to apply respectively described 4 salt stress concentration in the peanut of germination period, seedling stage, floricome phase, pod phase, control soil salt content and reach respectively predetermined salt concentration, the described salt stress concentration time of coercing is 14 days;
5) test specimen processing: coerce after 14 days, gather 3 repeated tests and carry out sample investigation and analysis, described other 3 repeated tests continue to keep growing to the maturing stage under salt stress environment, carry out sample investigation and analysis and survey and produce after results;
6) experimental data processing and interpretation of result, determines the impact of different growth stage salt stress on peanut form and biomass.
Described non-salty-soil earth is crossed the dress basin of weighing after 1cm sieve; Described soil loading amount >=15kg.
Described every peanut planting depth is 4cm, every potted plant kind 10 strains.
Described test data is that peanut stem is high, first pair of side shoot length, branch amount, leaf dry weight, stem and petiole dry weight.
Described soil basis determining is gravimetric method or adopts soil moisture Neutron to measure.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, can greatly reduce the risk that saline land peanut is produced;
2, optimize saline-alkali soil area agricultural planting structure, improve economic benefit and the social benefit of agricultural production;
3, expand saline-alkali soil area peanut cultivation area, improve peanut yield;
4, technical conditions are easy to control, and method is simple, high-yield and high-efficiency;
5, have stronger operability and raw material reusing, production cost reduces;
[embodiment]
Below embodiment provided by the invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
1 materials and methods
1.1 material
Peanut varieties selects flower to educate No. 25 and flower is educated No. 20.
1.2 method
1.2.1 peanut plantation
Before sowing, the full uniform seed of first selected each kind, in artificial dibbling on May 4.Described soil selects non-salination topsoil soils some, the dress basin of excessively weighing after 1cm sieve; Select the basin of the high 28cm of basin, internal diameter 31.5cm to carry out potted plant; its soil loading amount is more than 16kg; as far as possible consistent with saline land environment in production practices to ensure the Peanut Root System growing environment of potted plant analog salt alkaline stress, described every peanut planting depth is 4cm, every potted plant kind 10 strains.Described fertilizer is evenly mixed in soil by common land for growing field crops fertilizing amount.
Adopt gravimetric method to test soil moisture content, the measurement result of soil moisture content, soil hygroscopic water content and water-holding capacity: soil hygroscopic water content 5.12%, field capacity 25.86%, bulk density of soil 1.13gcm
-3, soil moisture content 9.16%.
1.2.2 method
Adopt orthogonal experiment respectively peanut varieties, toeatment period and concentration 3 factors to be detected.Experiment setting germination period, seedling stage, floricome phase, pod phase 4 toeatment periods are tested, and repeat randomized arrangement 6 times.0,0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45%4 salt stress concentration is set in test, to analyze pure NaCl configuration.
Test operation process: to apply respectively described 4 salt stress concentration in the peanut of germination period, seedling stage, floricome phase, pod phase, control soil salt content and reach respectively predetermined salt concentration, the described salt stress concentration time of coercing is 14 days.
Test specimen processing: coerce after 14 days, gather 3 repeated tests and carry out sample investigation and analysis, described other 3 repeated tests continue to keep growing to the maturing stage under salt stress environment, in results on September 18, measure each processing output.Gather in the crops the laggard sample of being about to and clean up, note keeping the complete of root system, sample surfaces moisture adopts filter paper to blot, and test sample fresh weight, plant height and root are long.Sample is placed in to 108 DEG C and completes, dry to constant weight for 70 DEG C, test respectively that peanut stem is high, first pair of side shoot length, branch amount, leaf dry weight, stem and petiole dry weight.
1.2.3 data analysis
, first pair side shoot length, branch amount, leaf dry weight, stem and petiole dry weight achievement data high to described peanut stem carry out list, and data are carried out to correlation analysis, determine the relation between peanut varieties, toeatment period and concentration 3 factors.
2 results and analysis
2.1 impacts of different growth stage salt stress on peanut form and biomass
2.1.1 the impact of salt stress in seedling stage on peanut form and biomass
Can be drawn by table 1, process seedling stage latter 14 days, lower 2 kinds of 0.45% concentration are all dead.Contrast corresponding with it compared, along with increase by the two kind plant forms index performances of salt stress concentration are different, flower educates that No. 25 stems are high, side shoot long and branch amount all shows as gradually and reduces, and flower is educated and all coerced under concentration for No. 20 minimumly 0.15%, and 0.30% coerces under concentration and raises.Along with increase by the two breed organism amount accumulation of salt stress concentration present identical variation, be all reduction trend with salt stress concentration rising leaf dry weight, stem+petiole dry weight.More than illustrate that salt stress can suppress nourishing and growing of peanut plant, and with concentration correlation.
Table 1 salt stress in the seedling stage 14 days impact on peanut form and biomass
2.1.2 the impact of florescence salt stress on peanut form and biomass
As known from Table 2, the florescence processes latter 14 days, lower 2 the equal salt tolerants of kind of each concentration.Compared with the control, with the increase of salt stress concentration, flower is educated No. 25 each economical character indexs and is all reduction trend, and all lower than control value, the leaf dry weight range of decrease is the most obvious, declines 89.3%; Salt stress makes flower educate No. 20 long branch and root dry weight first raises and declines afterwards, but has increased branch amount, and all the other forms and biomass indexes all reduce with the increase of salt stress concentration, and stem+petiole dry weight decreases by 94.0%.
The table 2 floricome phase salt stress 14 days impact on peanut form and biomass
2.1.3 the impact of pod phase salt stress on peanut form and biomass
Drawn by table 3, the pod phase processes latter 14 days, and lower 2 kinds of each concentration are equal salt tolerant also.With the increase of salt stress concentration, 2 each forms of kind and biomass indexes performance are different.Contrast corresponding with it compared, and flower is educated No. 25 high obviously risings of stem, and side shoot length, branch amount, stem+petiole dry weight and leaf dry weight variation tendency are consistent, all fall after rising with the increase of salt stress degree, and all the other indexs all reduce successively; Salt stress makes flower educate No. 20 branch amounts and rear liter first falls in root dry weight, and all the other indexs all reduce with the rising of salt stress degree, and wherein leaf dry weight the biggest drop is 44.7%.
The table 3 pod phase salt stress 14 days impact on peanut form and biomass
2.2 impacts of different times salt stress on peanut plant proterties
Table 4 illustrates, under 0.15% salt stress concentration, no matter which growthdevelopmental stage salt stress two kind all can complete the normal growth in the time of infertility in grows, but because salt stress all causes overground part dry weight, stem is high, side shoot is long and all contrast reductions of branch amount, 4 period salt stress after 14 days two kinds all can form output, flower is educated No. 25 in the output the biggest drop after 14 days of germination period salt stress, and flower is educated No. 20 in the output the biggest drop after 14 days of salt stress in seedling stage.Under 0.30% salt stress concentration, flower is educated the formation output of all can growing under salt stress No. 25 each periods; But flower is educated No. 20 and within 14 days, has been caused death of seedling in germination period and Seedling Stage salt stress, though floricome phase and pod phase salt stress have affected its vine growth and development but still can form output.When salt stress concentration rises to 0.45%, two kinds all cause death of seedling in germination period and Seedling Stage salt stress after 14 days, and flower educates No. 20 and after 14 days, also cause plant death at floricome phase salt stress, only in the pod bearing period Stress treatment plant formation output of can growing; But flower is educated No. 25 and within 14 days, all can be formed afterwards output in floricome phase and pod phase salt stress.Show that germination period and Seedling Stage are comparatively responsive to salt stress, the pod phase, the floricome phase was placed in the middle to salt stress strong adaptability.
Result of the test shows, flower is educated No. 25 and is spent the salt resistance ability of educating No. 20 two kinds all to show as > pod bearing period, > Seedling Stage floricome phase, germination period, peanut salt tricky time, be that peanut is to tricky time of salt damage this period at seedling emergence stage.
The impact of table 4 salt stress in each period on maturing stage peanut plant proterties and output
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of the inventive method; can also make some improvement and supplement, these improvement and the supplementary protection scope of the present invention that also should be considered as.
Claims (5)
1. the method for definite peanut salt tolerant tricky time, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) peanut plantation: select non-salty-soil earth dress basin, select the plantation of full grains peanut seed, described peanut seed kind is 2;
2) mensuration of soil moisture content, soil hygroscopic water content and field capacity;
3) determining of soil salt content gradient: 0,0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45%4 salt stress concentration is set, to analyze pure NaCl configuration;
4) growthdevelopmental stage salt stress operation: adopt orthogonal experiment respectively peanut varieties, toeatment period and concentration 3 factors to be arranged to test; Experiment is set 4 toeatment periods and is carried out salt stress operation, and described four toeatment periods are germination period, seedling stage, floricome phase, pod phase; Described test repeats 6 times, randomized arrangement; Described salt stress operating process is: to apply respectively described 4 salt stress concentration in the peanut of germination period, seedling stage, floricome phase, pod phase, control soil salt content and reach respectively predetermined salt concentration, the described salt stress concentration time of coercing is 14 days;
5) test specimen processing: coerce after 14 days, gather 3 repeated tests and carry out sample investigation and analysis, described other 3 repeated tests continue to keep growing to the maturing stage under salt stress environment, carry out sample investigation and analysis and survey and produce after results;
6) experimental data processing and interpretation of result, determines the impact of different growth stage salt stress on peanut form and biomass.
2. the method for a kind of definite peanut salt tolerant tricky time according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described non-salty-soil earth is crossed the dress basin of weighing after 1cm sieve; Described soil loading amount >=15kg.
3. the method for definite peanut salt tolerant tricky time a kind of according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described every peanut planting depth is 4cm every potted plant kind 10 strains.
4. the method for definite peanut salt tolerant tricky time a kind of according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described test data is that peanut stem is high, first pair of side shoot length, branch amount, leaf dry weight, stem and petiole dry weight.
5. the method for definite peanut salt tolerant tricky time a kind of according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described soil basis determining is gravimetric method or adopts soil moisture Neutron to measure.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850273A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-17 | 运城学院 | Method for screening salt-resistant peanut varieties |
| CN107258309A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-20 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | A kind of cotton variety annidation, the breeding method of yielding stability |
| CN109429970A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-08 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of seed choosing method promoting salt-soda soil Germinating Peanut Seeds |
| CN111543158A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 山东省花生研究所 | Fertilizing method for improving peanut yield in acid soil |
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| US4061488A (en) * | 1972-11-13 | 1977-12-06 | Hershey Foods Corporation | Plant treating mixtures and methods utilizing spores of Bacillus uniflagellatus |
| CN103070076A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-01 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for directionally screening salt-tolerant body through peanut in vitro mutagenesis |
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2014
- 2014-07-31 CN CN201410374396.6A patent/CN104145560A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4061488A (en) * | 1972-11-13 | 1977-12-06 | Hershey Foods Corporation | Plant treating mixtures and methods utilizing spores of Bacillus uniflagellatus |
| CN103070076A (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2013-05-01 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for directionally screening salt-tolerant body through peanut in vitro mutagenesis |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 符方平: "花生对盐胁迫的适应性及其耐盐性评价", 《湖南农业大学硕士学位论文》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850273A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-08-17 | 运城学院 | Method for screening salt-resistant peanut varieties |
| CN105850273B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2018-09-18 | 运城学院 | A method of screening salt tolerant peanut varieties |
| CN107258309A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-10-20 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | A kind of cotton variety annidation, the breeding method of yielding stability |
| CN109429970A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-08 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of seed choosing method promoting salt-soda soil Germinating Peanut Seeds |
| CN109429970B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-07-29 | 山东省花生研究所 | Seed selection method for promoting peanut seed germination in saline-alkali soil |
| CN111543158A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-18 | 山东省花生研究所 | Fertilizing method for improving peanut yield in acid soil |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |
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