CN1258257C - Electric motor driving device and freezing device using said motor driving device - Google Patents
Electric motor driving device and freezing device using said motor driving device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1258257C CN1258257C CNB021558906A CN02155890A CN1258257C CN 1258257 C CN1258257 C CN 1258257C CN B021558906 A CNB021558906 A CN B021558906A CN 02155890 A CN02155890 A CN 02155890A CN 1258257 C CN1258257 C CN 1258257C
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
- H02P21/18—Estimation of position or speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/025—Motor control arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an electric motor driving device and freezing device using said motor driving device that has an inexpensive construction, accurately detects phase current, and can provide a high-quality drive from low-speed regions to high-speed regions. The motor drive is provided with an inverter 2, a current detecting section 11 that detects the inverter busbar current, an induced voltage estimating section 17 that estimates the motor induced voltage from the inverter output voltage value and the current value from the current detecting section, a rotor position speed detecting section 18 that estimates the rotor position of the motor based on the estimated value of the induced voltage, a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generating section 9 that generates PWM signals to control the inverter based on information on the estimated rotor position, and a duty ratio correcting section 19 that corrects the duty ratio of the PWM signal generated in the PWM signal generating section. The duty ratio correcting section 19 corrects the duty ratio of the PWM signal generated in the PWM generating section to suck level as giving no change to the PWM signal during the period that the current detecting section detects the inverter busbar current.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to revolution arbitrarily drive brushless DC motor etc. motor motor drive and use the refrigerating plant of this motor drive.
Background technology
In recent years, in the device of the motor of the compressor that drives air conditioner etc., consider that from the viewpoint of earth environment protection the necessity that reduces power consumption has increased.Wherein, as one of technology of economize on electricity, used with the inverter of the high motor of the such efficient of frequency drives brushless DC motor arbitrarily widely etc.In addition, as the technology that drives, also paying close attention to the low sine wave drive technology of rectangular wave drive efficient height, noise that can Billy drives with the electric current of square wave.
When the such motor of the compressor that drives air conditioner, owing to be difficult to the transducer of position of the rotor of installation and measuring motor, so, also invented the technology of the position-sensor-free sine wave drive that drives with calculating the position of rotor someway.In addition, as the method for the position of calculating rotor, the method (spy opens 2000-350489 communique etc.) of being undertaken by the induced voltage of calculating motor is arranged.
Figure 22 represents to be used to realize the system configuration of position-sensor-free sine wave drive.The drive unit that drives brushless motor 3 has DC power supply 1, inverter 2, control part 6, current sensor 7v and 7w.Brushless motor 3 is made of stator 4 and rotor 5.
The series circuit that inverter 2 is connected in series the relation of the upstream side of pair of switches element and electric current and downstream side as U mutually with, V use mutually, W usefulness mutually, have 3.Be added on these series circuits from the direct voltage of DC power supply 1 output.The U series circuit of usefulness mutually is made of upstream side switch element 12u and downstream side switch element 12x.The V series circuit of usefulness mutually is made of upstream side switch element 12v and downstream side switch element 12y.The W series circuit of usefulness mutually is made of upstream side switch element 12w and downstream side switch element 12z.Fly- wheel diode 14u, 14v, 14w, 14x, 14y, 14z and each switch element are connected in parallel.
Summary of the invention
In the position-sensor-free sine wave drive of so existing reckoning that utilizes induced voltage, the phase current of drive electric motor in order to detect, minimum necessary 2 detectors such as current sensor that use, this will become the reason that cost improves aspect formation drive unit.
The present invention is motion in order to address the above problem, and purpose aims to provide the refrigerating plant that can correctly detect phase current with the structure of cheapness and can carry out good drive electric motor drive unit and this motor drive of use from slow-speed of revolution district to high rotating speed district.
The feature of motor drive of the present invention is: have comprise three by be configured on high-tension side upper arm switching element and be configured in switch element that the underarm switch element of low-pressure side constitutes to and action by each switch element with dc voltage conversion be desirable frequency and voltage alternating voltage and as the inverter of drive voltage supply threephase motor, the current detecting unit of electric current of the bus of inverter is flow through in detection, calculate that according to the magnitude of voltage of inverter output with by the current value that above-mentioned current detecting unit detects the induced voltage of the induced voltage of above-mentioned motor calculates the unit, calculate the rotor-position speed detection unit of the rotor magnetic pole position of above-mentioned motor according to the induced voltage reckoning value of calculating, generate according to the information of the rotor magnetic pole position of calculating the above-mentioned inverter of control each switch element action pwm signal the pwm signal generation unit and revise the duty ratio amending unit of the duty ratio of the pwm signal that generates by the pwm signal generation unit.The dutyfactor value of the pwm signal that the duty ratio amending unit will be generated by the pwm signal generation unit is modified to the indeclinable dutyfactor value of period P WM signal that detects the inverter bus current at current detecting unit.
Duty ratio amending unit correction dutyfactor value so that in 1 carrier cycle of pwm signal the switch element of the upper arm of inverter only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch elements energising of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that current detecting unit detects the dutyfactor value of the time of inverter bus current.At this moment, current detecting unit with during the 1st and the inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through motor respectively.
In addition, duty ratio amending unit correction dutyfactor value so that in half carrier cycle of pwm signal the switch element of the upper arm of inverter only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch elements energising of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that above-mentioned current detecting unit detects the dutyfactor value of the time of inverter bus current.At this moment, current detecting unit with during the 1st and the inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through above-mentioned motor respectively.
In addition, for the switch element of the upper arm of inverter in half carrier cycle of pwm signal only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch element energisings of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that above-mentioned current detecting unit detects the time of inverter bus current, duty ratio amending unit correction dutyfactor value, simultaneously, in remaining half carrier cycle, revise the increase and decrease amount of corrected duty ratio.At this moment, current detecting unit with during the 1st and the inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through above-mentioned motor respectively.
In addition, for the switch element of the upper arm of inverter in 1 carrier cycle of pwm signal only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch element energisings of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that above-mentioned current detecting unit detects the time of electric current, duty ratio amending unit correction dutyfactor value, simultaneously, also can in next carrier cycle, revise the increase and decrease amount of corrected duty ratio.Perhaps, for the switch element of the upper arm of inverter in half carrier cycle of pwm signal only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch element energisings of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that current detecting unit detects the time of electric current, duty ratio amending unit correction dutyfactor value, simultaneously, in following 1 carrier cycle, revise the increase and decrease amount of corrected duty ratio.At this moment, current detecting unit will guarantee the current detecting time the 1st during and the 2nd during the inverter bus current that detects be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through above-mentioned motor respectively.At this moment, induced voltage calculates that the unit can and then use the phase current that detects to carry out the reckoning of induced voltage in carrier cycle last time in the carrier cycle of the increase and decrease amount of having revised duty ratio.
In addition, motor drive also can and then have the load judgment unit of the load condition of judging motor.At this moment, the duty ratio amending unit moves with regard to switching to the 1st pattern when being judged to be heavy duty according to the judged result of load judgment unit, moves with regard to switching to the 2nd pattern when being judged to be underload.
Here, in described the 1st pattern, described duty ratio amending unit, in 1 carrier cycle of described pwm signal, only 1 upper arm switching element energising of described inverter the 1st during and only 2 upper arm switching element energisings the 2nd during, described duty ratio is modified to such dutyfactor value of time of guaranteeing described current detecting unit detection inverter bus current, thereby described current detecting unit with during the 1st and the inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively, in described the 2nd pattern, described duty ratio amending unit, in 1 carrier cycle of the described pwm signal of control, during the described the 1st and during the described the 2nd, described duty ratio is modified to such dutyfactor value of time of guaranteeing described current detecting unit detection inverter bus current, in next carrier cycle, revise simultaneously the increase and decrease amount of corrected duty ratio, thus described current detecting unit will guarantee detection time the 1st during and the 2nd during the inverter bus current that detects be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively.
Perhaps, in described the 1st pattern, described duty ratio amending unit, in half carrier cycle of described pwm signal, only 1 upper arm switching element energising of described inverter the 1st during and only 2 upper arm switching element energisings the 2nd during, described duty ratio is modified to such dutyfactor value of time of guaranteeing described current detecting unit detection inverter bus current, thereby current detecting unit with during the 1st and the inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively, in described the 2nd pattern, described duty ratio amending unit, in half carrier cycle of described pwm signal, during the described the 1st and during the described the 2nd, described duty ratio is modified to such dutyfactor value of time of guaranteeing described current detecting unit detection inverter bus current, in next carrier cycle, revise simultaneously the increase and decrease amount of corrected duty ratio, thus described current detecting unit will guarantee detection time the 1st during and the 2nd during the inverter bus current that detects be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively.
In the action of the 2nd pattern, induced voltage is calculated that the unit is revised in the carrier cycle of increase and decrease amount of duty ratio and also can be used the phase current that detects in carrier cycle last time to carry out the reckoning of induced voltage in the 2nd pattern.
In addition, the load judgment unit can use the size of the dutyfactor value of pwm signal, the revolution of motor or the current value judgement load condition that is obtained by current detecting unit.
Be preferably in the switching of the 1st pattern and above-mentioned the 2nd pattern hysteresis is set.
Refrigerating plant of the present invention uses the motor drive of the invention described above drive unit as the compressor of compressed refrigerant.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the structure of expression motor drive of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be the expression motor the phase current state over time an example and each interval of electrical degree in the figure of state of electric current in each phase winding of motor.
Fig. 3 is the figure of an example of the pwm signal in half carrier cycle of expression.
Fig. 4 is the figure that flows through the current status of motor and inverter when utilizing pwm signal to drive in the presentation graphs 3.
Fig. 5 is the figure of an example of the pwm signal in half carrier cycle of expression.
Fig. 6 is the figure that flows through the current status of motor and inverter when utilizing pwm signal to drive in the presentation graphs 5.
Fig. 7 is the figure that expression can not detect an example of the pwm signal in 1 carrier cycle of phase current.
Fig. 8 is the expression inverter controlling with the figure of the pwm signal of exporting in the interior timing architecture of microcomputer and 1 carrier cycle.
Fig. 9 is the figure of an example that is used to illustrate the action of duty ratio correction portion.
Figure 10 is the figure of an example that is used to illustrate the action of duty ratio correction portion.
Figure 11 is the figure of an example that is used to illustrate the action of duty ratio correction portion.
Figure 12 is the figure of an example that is used to illustrate the action of duty ratio correction portion.
Figure 13 is the figure of an example that is used to illustrate the action of duty ratio correction portion.
Figure 14 is the figure of an example that is used to illustrate the action of duty ratio correction portion.
Figure 15 is the figure of an example that is used to illustrate the action of duty ratio correction portion.
Figure 16 is the figure of an example that is used to illustrate the action of duty ratio correction portion.
Figure 17 is the block diagram of other structure example of expression motor drive of the present invention.
Figure 18 is the phase current waveform of expression motor and the figure that represents the signal of the carrier cycle of electrical degree in 1 cycle.
Figure 19 is duty ratio over time the figure of expression by the pwm signal of pwm signal generating unit generation.
Figure 20 is the figure (transverse axis: the motor revolution) of the hysteresis judged of the load condition of expression load judgment portion.
Figure 21 is the figure of structure that expression utilizes the refrigerating plant of motor drive of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the block diagram of the structure of the existing motor drive of expression.
Symbol description among the figure:
The 1-DC power supply; The 2-inverter; The bus of 2a-inverter; The 3-brushless motor; The 6-control part; 9-PWM signal generating unit; 10-base drive device; The 11-current detecting part; 12u～12w-upper arm switching transistor; 12x～12z-underarm switching transistor; 14u～14w, 14x～14z-fly-wheel diode; 16-inverter input voltage test section; 17-induced voltage reckoning portion; 18-rotor-position speed estimation part; 19-duty ratio correction portion; 21-load judgment portion; The 82-compressor; 93,97-forced draft fan; 94,96-heat exchanger; The 98-expansion valve; The 99-freezer; The 100-motor drive.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to the embodiment of description of drawings motor drive of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the structure of expression motor drive of the present invention.Motor drive has DC power supply 1, generates and exports the inverter 2 of the driving voltage of supplying with brushless motor 3 and the control part 6 of control inverter 2.
The half bridge circuit that inverter 2 will be made of the pair of switches element as U mutually with, V use mutually, W usefulness mutually, have 3 phases.The pair of switches element connected in series of half bridge circuit is connected between the high pressure side and low pressure side of DC power supply 1, and the direct voltage of exporting from DC power supply 1 is added on the half bridge circuit.The U half bridge circuit of usefulness mutually is made of the switch element 12u of high-pressure side (upper arm) and the switch element 12x of low-pressure side (underarm).The V half bridge circuit of usefulness mutually is made of high side switch element 12v and low-side switch element 12y.The W half bridge circuit of usefulness mutually is made of high side switch element 12w and low-side switch element 12z.In addition, fly- wheel diode 14u, 14v, 14w, 14x, 14y, 14z and each switch element are connected in parallel.
The direct voltage that is added on the inverter 2 is transformed to the alternating voltage of three-phase by the switch motion of the switch element in the above-mentioned inverter 2, drives brushless motor 3 by the alternating voltage of this three-phase.
Export the output voltage of obtaining by calculating according to the error of present speed and target velocity in order to realize the target velocity of supplying with from the outside, 9 generations of pwm signal generating unit be used to drive inverter 2 each switch element 12u, 12v ... pwm signal.The pwm signal of this generation is revised by duty ratio correction portion 19.Revised pwm signal is transformed to the drive signal that is used for electric driving switch element by base drive device 10.Each switch element 12u, 12v, 12w, 12x, 12y, 12z move according to this drive signal.
Current detecting part 11 is observed the electric current (below, be called " inverter bus current ") of the bus 2a that flows through inverter 2, detects the phase current of the brushless motor 3 that occurs in this inverter bus current.In fact current detecting part 11 begins to detect the electric current the designated duration when the inverter bus current changes.Below, the designated duration that current detecting part 11 is detected phase current is called " during the current detecting ".
Output voltage that induced voltage reckoning portion 17 is calculated according to the phase current of the brushless motor 3 that is detected by current detecting part 11, by pwm signal generating unit 9 and the induced voltage of calculating brushless motors 3 by voltage detection department 16 information that detect, that be added to the voltage on the inverter 2.In addition, rotor-position speed estimation part 18 is calculated the rotor magnetic pole position and the speed of brushless motor 3 according to the induced voltage of calculating.Pwm signal generating unit 9 generates the pwm signal that is used to drive brushless motor 3 according to the information of the rotor magnetic pole position of calculating.At this moment, pwm signal generating unit 9 is according to the deviation information control pwm signal of speed with the target velocity of supplying with from the outside of the rotor of calculating 5, so that spinner velocity becomes target velocity.
Below, the action of induced voltage reckoning portion 17 is described.
Detect the phase current (iu, iv, iw) of the winding that flows through each phase by current detecting part 11.In addition, ask the phase voltage (vu, vv, vw) that is added on each winding mutually according to the output voltage that calculates by pwm signal generating unit 9 with the information that is added to the voltage on the inverter that voltage detection department 16 detects.On the principle,, can obtain inductive voltage value eu, the ev, the ew that in the winding of each phase, respond to according to of the computing of these values by following formula (1), (2), (3).Wherein, R is a resistance, and L is an inductance.In addition, d (iu)/dt, d (iv)/dt, d (iw)/dt is respectively the time diffusion of iu, iv, iw.
eu＝vu-R·iu-L·d(iu)/dt …(1)
ev＝vv-R·iv-L·d(iv)/dt …(2)
ew＝vw-R·iw-L·d(iw)/dt …(3)
And then formula (1), (2), (3) are at length launched, then be able to following formula (4), (5), (6).
eu＝vu
-R·iu
-(la+La)·d(iu)/dt
-Las·cos(2θm)·d(iu)/dt
-Las·iu·d{cos(2θm)}/dt
+0.5·La·d(iv)/dt
-Las·cos(2θm-120°)·d(iv)/dt
-Las·iv·d{cos(2θm-120°)}/dt
+0.5·La·d(iw)/dt
-Las·cos(2θm+120°)·d(iw)/dt
-Las·iw·d{cos(2θm+120°)}/dt …
(4)
ev＝vv
-R·iv
-(la+La)·d(iv)/dt
-Las·cos(2θm+120°)·d(iv)/dt
-Las·iv·d{cos(2θm+120°)}/dt
+0.5·La·d(iw)/dt
-Las·cos(2θm)·d(iw)/dt
-Las·iw·d{cos(2θm)}/dt
+0.5·La·d(iu)/dt
-Las·cos(2θm-120°)·d(iu)/dt
-Las·iu·d{cos(2θm-120°)}/dt …
(5)
ew＝vw
-R·iw
-(la+La)·d(iw)/dt
-Las·cos(2θm-120°)·d(iw)/dt
-Las·iw·d{cos(2θm-120°)}/dt
+0.5·La·d(iu)/dt
-Las·cos(2θm+120°)·d(iu)/dt
-Las·iu·d{cos(2θm+120°)}/dt
+0.5·La·d(iv)/dt
-Las·cos(2θm)·d(iv)/dt
-Las·iv·d{cos(2θm)}/dt …
(6)
Wherein, d/dt express time differential relates to using among the d θ/dt that occurs in the computing of differential of trigonometric function and will calculate that speed omega m is transformed to the value of electric angle speed.In addition, d (iu)/dt, d (iv)/dt, d (iw)/dt is similar to 1 grade of Euler and asks.W phase current values iw is with the value behind the sign modification of u phase current values iu and v phase current values iv sum as the formula (13).Wherein, R is the resistance of each phase winding, and la is the leakage inductance of each phase winding, and La is the mean value of the effective inductance of each phase winding, and Las is the amplitude of the effective inductance of each phase winding.
In induced voltage reckoning portion 17, use formula (7), (8), (9) after formula (4), (5), (6) simplification.Simplification be supposition phase current values iu, iv, iw for sinusoidal wave, make the simplification that phase current iu, iv, iw carry out according to current-order amplitude ia and current-order phase beta T.
eu＝vu
+R·ia·sin(θmβT)
+1.5·(la+La)·cos(θm+βT)
-1.5·Las·cos(θm-βT) …(7)
ev＝vv
+R·ia·sin(θm+βT-120°)
+1.5·(la+La)·cos(θm+βT-120°)
-1.5·Las·cos(θm-βT-120°) …(8)
ew＝vw
+R·ia·sin(θm+βT-240°)
+1.5·(la+La)·cos(θm+βT-240°)
-1.5·Las·cos(θm-βT-240°) …(9)
Below, the action of rotor-position speed estimation part 18 is described.
Rotor-position speed estimation part 18 is calculated the position and the speed of rotor 5 according to the reckoning inductive voltage value eu that is calculated by induced voltage reckoning portion 17, ev, ew.Its reckoning angle θ m of being discerned of the error correction of rotor-position speed estimation part 18 by using induced voltage converges to true value.And then, ask thus and calculate speed omega m.
Begin, ask the induced voltage fiducial value (eum, evm, ewm) of each phase with following formula.
eum＝em·sin(θm+βT)
evm＝em·sin(θm+βT-120°)
ewm＝em·sin(θm+βT-240°) …(10)
Wherein, em is the induced voltage amplitude, obtains with the amplitude of calculating induced voltage eu, ev, ew is consistent by making it.
Make the induced voltage fiducial value obtained like this and the deviation ε of induced voltage reckoning value.Shown in following formula (11) like that, induced voltage fiducial value esm is deducted from induced voltage reckoning value es, then deviation ε.Wherein, label s is the label of expression u, v, the w a certain phase in mutually.
ε=es-esm (s: phase u/v/w) ... (11)
If this deviation becomes 0, calculate that then angle θ m is exactly a true value, so corrections such as use PI computing calculate that angle θ m is so that deviation ε becomes 0.In addition, by calculating the changing value of calculating angle θ m, make and calculate speed omega m.
In order to realize target velocity ω
*, pwm signal generating unit 9 is according to target velocity ω
*With the difference Δ ω that calculates speed omega m, the voltage V that calculating such as use PI computing should be exported
*According to this magnitude of voltage V
*Asking as follows should be to each voltage V that exports mutually
*S (s: phase u/v/w).
V
*u＝V
*·sin(θm+βT)
V
*v＝V
*·sin(θm+βT-120°)
V
*w＝V
*·sin(θm+βT-240°) …(12)
In addition, be used to export the voltage V that obtains like this
*S (s: the pwm signal of each switch element 12u, 12v phase u/v/w), 12w, 12x, 12y, 12z is revised by duty ratio correction portion 19, and to 10 outputs of base drive device.Each switch element 12u, 12v, 12w, 12x, 12y, 12z drive according to this revised pwm signal, generate sinusoidal wave alternating current.
Like this, in the present embodiment, the deviation ε that use to calculate inductive voltage value and induced voltage fiducial value makes and calculates angle θ m, flows through the phase current of sine wave and realizes the sine wave drive of brushless motor 3.
Below, use Fig. 2～Fig. 6 explanation the situation of the phase current of brushless motor 3 in the electric current that flows through inverter bus 2a, to occur.
Fig. 2 be expression each phase winding of flowing through brushless motor 3 phase current state and in each interval of per 60 ° electrical degree, flow through the figure of the sense of current of each phase winding.With reference to Fig. 2, in the interval of 0～60 ° of electrical degree, in U phase winding 4u and W phase winding 4w, electric current flows to neutral point from non-connecting end, in V phase winding 4v, from neutral point to non-connecting end flow (referring to Fig. 2 (b)).In addition, in the interval of 60～120 ° of electrical degrees, in U phase winding 4u, electric current flows to neutral point from non-connecting end, in V phase winding 4v and W phase winding 4w, electric current from neutral point to non-connecting end flow (referring to Fig. 2 (c)).After, in Fig. 2 (d)～(g), expressed the situation of the state of the phase current that in the winding of each phase, flows with the per 60 ° of variations of electrical degree.
For example, in Fig. 2, consider the situation that the pwm signal of half carrier cycle being generated by pwm signal generating unit 9 changes as shown in Figure 3 when 30 ° of electrical degrees.Here, in Fig. 3, signal " U " expression makes the signal of upper arm switching element 12u action, the signal that signal " V " expression makes upper arm switching element 12v action, the signal that signal " W " expression makes upper arm switching element 12w action, the signal that signal " X " expression makes underarm switch element 12x action, the signal that signal " Y " expression makes underarm switch element 12y action, the signal that signal " Z " expression makes underarm switch element 12z action.These signals move with active high state.At this moment, 1., shown in Fig. 4 (a), in inverter bus 2a electric current does not appear constantly, 2., shown in Fig. 4 (b), the electric current (W phase current) of W phase winding 4w appears flowing through constantly, 3., shown in Fig. 4 (c), the electric current (V phase current) of V phase winding 4v appears flowing through constantly.
As other example, in Fig. 2, consider the situation that the pwm signal of half carrier cycle being generated by pwm signal generating unit 9 changes as shown in Figure 5 when 30 ° of electrical degrees.At this moment, shown in Fig. 6 (a), 1., among the inverter bus 2a electric current does not appear constantly, 2., shown in Fig. 6 (b), the electric current (U phase current) of U phase winding 4u appears flowing through constantly, 3., shown in Fig. 6 (c), the electric current (V phase current) of V phase winding 4v appears flowing through constantly.
As mentioned above, phase current with the corresponding brushless motor 3 of state of switch element 12u, the 12v of inverter 2,12w, 12x, 12y, 12z appears on inverter bus 2a as can be known.
As mentioned above, obviously, as long as can judge the electric current of two-phase the approaching moment in 1 carrier cycle, just can obtain current i u, iv, the iw of three-phase according to the relation of following formula.
iu+iv+iw＝0 …(13)
But, in Fig. 2, when the pwm signal of 1 carrier cycle that is generated by pwm signal generating unit 9 changes as shown in Figure 7,1., on the inverter bus 2a electric current does not appear constantly when 30 ° of electrical degrees, and 3., the V phase current only appears constantly.That is, at this moment, in 1 carrier cycle, can only detect the electric current of 1 phase.Therefore, when the pwm signal that changes repeats like this, just can not obtain each electric current of three-phase, induced voltage can not be calculated by induced voltage reckoning portion 17, thereby just can not carry out the driving of brushless motor 3.
For fear of above-mentioned situation takes place, duty ratio correction portion 19 detect at needs each phase flow through brushless motor 3 winding phase current during the pwm signal that generates by pwm signal generating unit 9 of (during the current detecting) check, if this pwm signal is in the time of can not carrying out the signal (pwm signal for example shown in Figure 7) of detection of phase current of two-phase, just this pwm signal is modified to the pwm signal that can detect the phase current of two-phase reliably (for example Fig. 3, pwm signal shown in Figure 5).
In addition, from the duty cycle information of the pwm signal of duty ratio correction portion 19 output also input current test section 11.Current detecting part 11 is judged the electric current of which phase that has occurred brushless motor 3 in the inverter bus, and is transformed to the current value of each phase.The detection current value of each phase that is detected by current detecting part 11 is applied to the reckoning of the induced voltage that carries out in thereafter the induced voltage reckoning portion 17.
According to present embodiment, in order to make ' the control ring establishment in the control part 6, when needs detect the phase current of winding of each phase flow through brushless motor 3, can not change the algorithmic language of reckoning induced voltage, simply and reliably carry out the phase current detection, utilization needn't just can realize sine wave drive in the system configuration of the cheapness that the current detecting unit more than 2 is set between the line between inverter and motor.
In the present embodiment, expression utilizes the example that inverter controlling is specialized the part of the control part 6 of embodiment 1 with microcomputer.Fig. 8 is this inverter controlling of expression with the figure of the relation of timer construction in the microcomputer and the inverter controlling signal exported in 1 carrier cycle of pwm signal.
This timing is standard facility in inverter controlling in microcomputer usually, and the carrier frequency of each pwm signal is carried out the lifting counting repeatedly, when reaching the carrier frequency signals, just being transformed to descend from the counting that rises and counting.When the count value of timer reached the duty ratio signals of each phase, the pwm signal of this phase was just anti-phase.In Fig. 8, because V phase duty ratio signals is identical with the carrier frequency signals, so signal " V " is kept cut-off state, signal " Y " is kept conducting state.The duty ratio signals of each phase is transformed to rise from the counting that descends at timer and changes when counting, thereby each output voltage of appointment mutually takes place.
Fig. 9 is the figure of action that is used to illustrate the duty ratio correction portion 19 of present embodiment.Here, arrow shown in the figure 20 expression inverter controlling are with between the interchange sampling dates of microcomputer, expression detect by current detecting part 11 electric current that flows through inverter bus 2a during (during the current detecting).Exchange between sampling date be exactly from the moment that the inverter bus current changes begun to pass through take a sample the needed fixed time during.Consideration obtains the situation by the operation result of the PWM figure (signal " U "～signal " Z ") shown in pwm signal generating unit 9 output maps 9 (a).At this moment, the timing that becomes the energising of 2 upper arm switching element 3. during than exchanging between sampling date 20 short states.At this moment, as shown in Figure 4, can not correctly detect the electric current of the V phase that on inverter bus 2a, occurs during this period.Therefore, duty ratio correction portion 19 is revised the value of the duty ratio of pwm signal, so that the duty ratio signals of each phase is greater than the value that mainly determines between the interchange sampling date of microcomputer.For example, duty ratio correction portion 19 with the U phase duty ratio signals of Fig. 9 (a) be modified to shown in Fig. 9 (b) the timing that makes 2 upper arm switching element energisings like that 3. during be long during the current detecting than exchanging between sampling date.
In addition, use Figure 10 that other actions of the duty ratio correction portion 19 of present embodiment are described.For example, consider to obtain exporting the situation of the operation result of the PWM figure shown in Figure 10 (a) by pwm signal generating unit 9.At this moment, the timing that only becomes 1 upper arm switching element energising 2. during than exchanging between sampling date 20 short states.At this moment, as shown in Figure 4, can not correctly detect the electric current of the W phase that in inverter bus 2a, occurs during this period.Therefore, duty ratio correction portion 19 is revised U phase duty ratio signals and W duty ratio signals mutually respectively, make regularly 2. during longer than exchanging between sampling date 20.In Figure 10 (b), in order to ensure than 20 long timings between sampling date 2. during, will to the insufficient section during 2. required regularly 1/2 during, then U phase duty ratio signals is modified to duty ratio and reduces, and W phase duty ratio signals is modified to increase.This way of revising is an example, also can reduce not enough part during 2. required regularly only is modified to duty ratio to U phase duty ratio signals, perhaps only W phase duty ratio signals is modified to duty ratio and increases.
According to present embodiment, when carrying out the change of duty ratio (timer is counted from descending and is transformed to when rising counting in the above description), check the energising of 1 upper arm switching element during and 2 upper arm switching element energisings during, carry out the correction of duty ratio when needed, so, utilize the simple algorithm language of 1 duty ratio of change in 1 carrier cycle of pwm signal just can carry out the phase current detection reliably.
Figure 11 is the figure that is used to illustrate the different action of duty ratio correction portion 19.When obtaining the operation result by the PWM figure shown in pwm signal generating unit 9 output Figure 12 (a), the timing that just becomes the energising of 2 upper arm switching element 3. during than exchanging short state sample time 20, as shown in Figure 4, can not correctly detect the electric current of the V phase that in inverter bus 2a, occurs during this period.Therefore, by duty ratio correction portion 19 duty ratio is modified at the duty ratio signals of carrier wave each phase in the half period of pwm signal greater than the value by interchange decision sample time of microcomputer.That is, the U phase duty ratio signals shown in Figure 11 (a) is revised in the half period at the carrier wave that timer carries out the pwm signal of lifting counting, shown in Figure 11 (b), the timing that is modified to 2 upper arm switching element energisings 3. during longer than exchanging sample time.
Below, use Figure 12 that other action of the duty ratio correction portion 19 of present embodiment is described.For example, consider to obtain exporting the situation of the operation result of the PWM figure shown in Figure 12 (a) by pwm signal generating unit 9.At this moment, the timing that becomes the energising of 1 upper arm switching element 2. during than exchanging between sampling date 20 short states.At this moment, as shown in Figure 6, can not correctly detect the electric current of the U phase that in the inverter bus, occurs during this period.Therefore, in the half period of the carrier cycle of pwm signal, revise U phase duty ratio signals and W duty ratio signals mutually by duty ratio correction portion 19, shown in Figure 12 (b), be modified to timing that timer carries out 1 upper arm switching element energising in half carrier cycle of pwm signal of lifting counting 2. during longer than exchanging sample time.In Figure 12 (b), in order to ensure than 20 long timings between sampling date 2. during, by will to the insufficient section during 2. required regularly 1/2 during, then U phase duty ratio signals is modified to duty ratio and reduces, and W phase duty ratio signals is modified to increase.This way of revising is an example, also can reduce not enough part during 2. required regularly only is modified to duty ratio to U phase duty ratio signals, perhaps only W phase duty ratio signals is modified to duty ratio and increases.
According to present embodiment, timer increases to the change of duty ratio from the counting that descends and being transformed to when rising counting and being transformed to when descending counting 2 times from the counting that rises, check in half carrier cycle of pwm signal the energising of 1 upper arm switching element during and 2 energisings during, carry out the correction of duty ratio when needed, so, can reduce the correction of pwm signal, thereby can simply and reliably carry out phase current detects, simultaneously, can suppress the influences such as phase current disorder that the correction owing to duty ratio causes.
Embodiment 4
Figure 13 is the figure that is used to illustrate the different action of duty ratio correction portion 19.When obtaining the operation result by the PWM figure shown in pwm signal generating unit 9 output Figure 13 (a), the timing that just becomes the energising of 1 upper arm switching element 2. during than exchanging short state sample time 20, as shown in Figure 4, can not correctly detect the electric current of the W phase that in inverter bus 2a, occurs during this period.
Therefore, duty ratio correction portion 19 is revised U phase duty ratio signals and W duty ratio signals mutually in half carrier cycle of pwm signal, shown in Figure 13 (b) like that, the timing that makes 1 upper arm switching element energising in timer rises half carrier cycle of pwm signal of counting 2. during longer than exchanging sample time.In Figure 13 (b), by will to the insufficient section during 2. required regularly 1/2 during, then U phase duty ratio signals is modified to duty ratio and reduces, and W phase duty ratio signals is modified to increase, guarantee regularly 2. during.In addition, in timer descends half carrier cycle of pwm signal of counting, revise corrected duty ratio in timer rises half carrier cycle of counting.For U phase duty ratio signals, be increased in the amount of the duty ratio that reduces when revising, for W phase duty ratio signals, then deduct the amount of the duty ratio that when revising, increases.
According to present embodiment, timer increases to the change of duty ratio from the counting that descends and being transformed to when rising counting and being transformed to when descending counting 2 times from the counting that rises, check in half carrier cycle of pwm signal the energising of 1 upper arm switching element during and 2 energisings during, carry out the correction of duty ratio when needed, in half period, revise the amount that when carrying out the duty ratio correction, increases and decreases at remaining carrier wave.Therefore, can remove the change amount in 1 carrier cycle of pwm signal, detect, can get rid of the disorder of phase current simultaneously thereby can simply and reliably carry out phase current.
Figure 14 is the figure that is used to illustrate the different action of duty ratio correction portion 19.When the operation result that obtains by the PWM figure shown in pwm signal generating unit 9 output Figure 14 (a), the timing that just becomes the energising of 2 upper arm switching element 3. during than exchanging between sampling date 20 short states, as shown in Figure 4, can not correctly detect the electric current of the V phase that in the inverter bus, occurs during this period.
Therefore, duty ratio correction portion 19 is revised duty ratios, so that the duty ratio signals of each phase is than mainly the value by interchange decision sample time of microcomputer is big.Shown in Figure 14 (b), in the 1st time carrier cycle, revise U phase duty ratio signals, the timing that makes 2 upper arm switching element energisings 3. during longer than exchanging sample time.In addition, in the 2nd time carrier cycle, the amount of the duty ratio that increases when deducting the correction of in the 1st time carrier cycle, carrying out U phase duty ratio signals (result equals not have switch).
The figure of the duty ratio correction during 2. Figure 15 is used to illustrate in the present embodiment regularly when short and insufficient.When obtaining the operation result by the PWM figure shown in pwm signal generating unit 9 output Figure 15 (a), the timing that just becomes 1 upper arm switching element energising 2. during than exchanging short state sample time 20.As shown in Figure 4, can not correctly detect the electric current of the W phase that in the inverter bus, occurs during this period.
Therefore, duty ratio correction portion 19 is revised U phase duty ratio signals and W duty ratio signals mutually in the 1st time the carrier cycle of Figure 15 (b), the timing that makes 1 upper arm switching element energising 2. during longer than exchanging sample time.In Figure 15 (b), by will to the insufficient section during 2. required regularly 1/2 during, then U phase duty ratio signals is modified to duty ratio and reduces, and W phase duty ratio signals is modified to increase, guarantee regularly 2. during.In addition, in the 2nd time carrier cycle, the amount of the duty ratio that reduces when being increased in the correction of carrying out U phase duty ratio signals in the 1st time the carrier cycle then deducts the amount of the duty ratio that increases when revising to W phase duty ratio signals.
According to present embodiment, when carrying out the change of duty ratio (timer is counted from descending and is transformed to when rising counting in the above description), check the energising of 1 upper arm switching element during and 2 upper arm switching element energisings during, carry out the correction of duty ratio when needed, so, utilize the simple algorithm language of 1 duty ratio of change in 1 carrier cycle of pwm signal just can carry out the phase current detection reliably.
In addition, owing in the next carrier cycle of the carrier cycle of the correction of having carried out duty ratio, revise the duty ratio that when the duty ratio correction, increases and decreases, so, 2 change amounts in the carrier cycle can be reduced as far as possible, thereby the disorder of phase current can be reduced.When in the 2nd time carrier cycle, carrying out the algorithmic language of calculating induced voltage, also can utilize the phase current values that in the 1st time carrier cycle, detects to carry out computing.
Figure 16 is the figure that is used to illustrate the different action of duty ratio correction portion 19.When the operation result that obtains by the PWM figure shown in pwm signal generating unit 9 output Figure 16 (a), the timing that just becomes the energising of 1 upper arm switching element 2. during and the timing of 2 upper arm switching element energisings 3. during than exchanging the state of lacking sample time 20, as shown in Figure 4, can not correctly detect the electric current and V electric current mutually of the W phase that on inverter bus 2a, occurs during these.
Therefore, duty ratio correction portion 19 is revised U phase duty ratio signals and W duty ratio signals mutually, shown in Figure 16 (b) like that, the timing that makes 1 upper arm switching element energising in preceding half period of carrier cycle of the 1st time 2. during and the timing of switching on of 2 upper arm switching element 3. during longer than exchanging sample time.In addition, in the 2nd time carrier cycle, U phase duty ratio signals is deducted in the 1st time carrier cycle the amount (result equals not have switch) of the duty ratio that increases when revising, W phase duty ratio signals is deducted the amount of the duty ratio that increases when revising.
According to present embodiment, timer increases to the change of duty ratio from the counting that descends and being transformed to when rising counting and being transformed to when descending counting 2 times from the counting that rises, check in half carrier cycle of pwm signal the energising of 1 upper arm switching element during and 2 energisings during, carry out the correction of duty ratio when needed, so, can reduce the correction of pwm signal, detect thereby can simply and reliably carry out phase current.
In addition, in the next cycle of the carrier cycle of the correction that reduces duty ratio, revise the amount of the duty ratio that when the duty ratio correction, increases and decreases, so, can further reduce change amounts in 2 carrier cycles than embodiment 5, thereby can get rid of the disorder of phase current.
Embodiment 7
In the present embodiment, carry out the algorithmic language of in the 2nd time the carrier cycle of embodiment 5 and embodiment 6, calculating induced voltage.At this moment, utilize the phase current values that in the 1st time carrier cycle, detects to carry out the reckoning computing of induced voltage.Like this owing to the carrier cycle of each pwm signal carried out induced voltage is calculated and the computing of rotor-position speed calculation, so, can improve controlled, thereby can realize stable motor driven.
Embodiment 8
Figure 17 represents the block diagram of structure of the motor drive of present embodiment.In the present embodiment, and then in control part 6, be provided with the load judgment portion 21 of the load condition of judging brushless motor 3.Duty ratio correction portion 19 is according to the judged result of load judgment portion 21, change action pattern and moving.Particularly, duty ratio correction portion 19 will be carried out the pattern of action of the duty ratio correction portion 19 shown in the embodiment 2 as the 1st pattern, and the pattern of action that will carry out the duty ratio correction portion 19 shown in the embodiment 5 is as the 2nd pattern.When load judgment portion 21 judged that load condition is " heavy duty ", duty ratio correction portion 19 was just moved with the 1st pattern, when judging that load condition is " underload ", just moves with the 2nd pattern.
Figure 18 is that current waveform 22 when brushless motor 3 is rotated is with the figure of signal 23 expressions of the carrier cycle of expression electrical degree in 1 cycle.Situation when Figure 18 (a) expression brushless motor 3 high speed rotating are promptly rotated under the heavy duty state, Figure 18 (b) expression situation when promptly under light-load state, rotating that slowly runs.By Figure 18 (b) as can be known, when motor rotated under light-load state, the current change quantity of per 1 carrier cycle reduced, and by Figure 18 (a) as can be known, the current change quantity of motor per 1 carrier cycle when the heavy duty state increases.In addition, when motor rotated under light-load state, the situation that obtains the PWM output shown in Figure 16 (a) compared when rotating under the heavy duty state frequent.
When motor rotated under light-load state, even current detecting cycle of per 1 carrier cycle is reduced to 1/2 cycle of carrier cycle, each current value that detects also changed not quite.Like this, when motor rotates, just can reduce the change amount of the duty ratio of pwm signal as far as possible under light-load state, preferentially make sine-wave current that Distortion Control does not take place.
According to present embodiment, promptly slowly running from underload, to distinguish heavy duty be the stable motor driven that the high speed rotating district can realize utilizing the sine-wave current that does not have current distortion.
The structure of the motor drive of present embodiment has the structure identical with structure shown in Figure 17.That is, in the present embodiment, in control part 6, be provided with the load judgment portion 21 of the load condition of judging brushless motor 3.Duty ratio correction portion 19 will be carried out the pattern of action of the duty ratio correction portion 19 shown in the embodiment 3 as the 1st pattern, and the pattern of action that will carry out the duty ratio correction portion 19 shown in the embodiment 6 is as the 2nd pattern.When load judgment portion 21 judged that load condition is heavy duty, duty ratio correction portion 19 was just moved with the 1st pattern, when judging that load condition is underload, just moves with the 2nd pattern.
The operating principle of expression is identical with embodiment 8, and promptly slowly running from underload, to distinguish heavy duty be the stable motor driven that the high speed rotating district can realize utilizing the sine-wave current that does not have current distortion.
Calculate the algorithmic language of induced voltage when in the present embodiment, 17 execution of induced voltage reckoning portion are judged to be underload in the load judgment portion 21 of embodiment 8 and embodiment 9 in the 2nd time the carrier cycle.At this moment, utilize the phase current values that in the 1st time carrier cycle, detects to carry out the reckoning computing of induced voltage.Like this owing to the carrier cycle of each pwm signal carried out induced voltage is calculated and the computing of rotor-position speed calculation, so, can improve controlled, thereby can realize the motor driven more stable than embodiment 8 and embodiment 9.
The judgement that load judgment portion 21 carries out among embodiment 8～embodiment 10 is described.Particularly, the judgement of load judgment portion 21 is carried out according to the dutyfactor value of the pwm signal that is generated by pwm signal generating unit 9.That is, the maximum of dutyfactor value in the one-period of electrical degree of the pwm signal that is generated by pwm signal generating unit 9 just judges that load condition is " underload " during less than threshold value.
The figure of the situation that the dutyfactor value of Figure 19 pwm signal that to be expression generated by pwm signal generating unit 9 changes with the division of each electrical degree.For example, the dutyfactor value of U phase becomes maximum when 60 ° of electrical degrees and 120 °, just carry out the judgement of load condition with value at this moment.
According to present embodiment, use the value of computing in control part 6 just can carry out the judgement of load condition, so the outside needn't increase unnecessary Weight detector.In the present embodiment, the duty ratio of pwm signal is compared in the maximum and the threshold value of electrical degree in 1 cycle, still, obviously, also can use mean value or the filter operation values etc. of electrical degree in 1 cycle.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the dutyfactor value of the pwm signal that will be generated by pwm signal generating unit 9 is used to carry out the judgement of load condition in the maximum of electrical degree in 1 cycle, but, also can be used to carry out the judgement of load condition with the revolution of the brushless motor 3 that obtains by rotor-position speed test section 18 or by the phase current values that current detecting part 11 obtains.Like this, the structure of Xu Yaoing and controlled also without any problem.
In addition, when whether the load judgment portion 21 of present embodiment is underloaded judgement, if be provided with as shown in Figure 20 when lagging behind, can further improve and switch control under the light-load state and near the electric motor driven stability the control under the heavy duty state.
Embodiment 12
Figure 21 represents to utilize the structure example of the refrigerating plant of above-mentioned motor drive.In this refrigerating plant,, use the motor drive of the foregoing description as the drive unit of the compressor for compressing of carrying out cold-producing medium.
Refrigerating plant also has the freeze cycle that is made of the 1st unit 92 and the 2nd unit 95 except the motor drive 100 and compressor 82 of above-mentioned a certain embodiment.The 1st unit 92 is made of heat exchanger 94 and forced draft fan 93, and the 2nd unit 95 is made of heat exchanger 96, forced draft fan 97 and expansion valve 98.The 1st unit 92 is used for cooling in the freezer 99.
In freeze cycle, circulating as the cold-producing medium of hot media.Cold-producing medium is compressed by compressor 82, utilize the wind of sending here of forced draft fan 97 and freezer 99 outer air to carry out heat exchange and heat release by heat exchanger 96, utilize wind that forced draft fan 93 sends here and freezer 99 interior air to carry out heat exchange and absorb heat by heat exchanger 94.By such circulation, with cooling in the freezer 99.In above freeze cycle, utilize motor drive 100 Driven Compressor 82.
(effect of invention)
According to motor drive of the present invention, utilize between the line between phase inverter and motor at least The system architecture that the cheapness of the current detecting unit more than 2 is not set just can realize that sine wave drives Moving.
In addition, revise in order to detect the motor phase according to the phase inverter bus current by the moment afterwards The increase and decrease amount of the dutycycle of electric current and corrected pwm signal can make sine-wave current as far as possible Distorted not, so, in Motor Drive, can realize reaching low noiseization and low vibrationization Effect.
In addition, when the driving condition of judging motor is underload, by making according to the phase inverter bus The action of current detecting motor phase current was carried out in 1/2 cycle of carrier cycle, can reach Carry out from the district that slowly runs to the high speed rotating district sine-wave current stable motor of distorted not The effect that drives.
Claims (15)
1. motor drive is characterized in that:
Have comprise three by be configured on high-tension side upper arm switching element and be configured in switch element that the underarm switch element of low-pressure side constitutes to and action by each switch element with dc voltage conversion be desirable frequency and voltage alternating voltage and as the inverter of drive voltage supply threephase motor,
Detection flow through inverter bus electric current current detecting unit,
According to the magnitude of voltage of described inverter output and by the current value that described current detecting unit detects calculate the induced voltage of the induced voltage of described motor calculate the unit,
According to the induced voltage reckoning value of calculating calculate the rotor magnetic pole position of described motor the rotor-position speed detection unit,
Generate according to the information of the rotor magnetic pole position of calculating the described inverter of control each switch element action pwm signal the pwm signal generation unit and
The duty ratio amending unit of the duty ratio of the pwm signal that correction is generated by described pwm signal generation unit,
The dutyfactor value of the pwm signal that this duty ratio amending unit will be generated by described pwm signal generation unit is modified to the indeclinable dutyfactor value of period P WM signal that detects the inverter bus current at described current detecting unit.
2. motor drive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described duty ratio amending unit correction dutyfactor value, so that the switch element of the upper arm of inverter described in 1 carrier cycle of described pwm signal only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch element energisings of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that current detecting unit detects the time of inverter bus current
Described current detecting unit with during the 1st and the inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively.
3. motor drive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described duty ratio amending unit correction dutyfactor value, so that the switch element of the upper arm of inverter described in half carrier cycle of described pwm signal only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch element energisings of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that described current detecting unit detects the time of inverter bus current
Described current detecting unit with during the 1st and the inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively.
4. motor drive according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described dutycycle amending unit correction dutyfactor value; So that in half carrier cycle in a carrier cycle of described pwm signal the switch element of the upper arm of phase inverter only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch elements energising of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that described current detecting unit detects the time of phase inverter bus current; Simultaneously; In remaining half carrier cycle, revise the increase and decrease amount of corrected dutycycle
Described current detecting unit with during the 1st and the inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively.
5. motor drive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described duty ratio amending unit correction dutyfactor value, so that in 1 carrier cycle of described pwm signal the switch element of the upper arm of inverter only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch elements energising of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that described current detecting unit detects the time of electric current, simultaneously, in next carrier cycle, revise the increase and decrease amount of corrected duty ratio
Described current detecting unit will guarantee the current detecting time the 1st during and the 2nd during the inverter bus current that detects be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively.
6. motor drive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described duty ratio amending unit correction dutyfactor value, so that the switch element of the upper arm of the inverter in half carrier cycle in the carrier cycle of described pwm signal only 1 energising the 1st during and only 2 switch elements energising of upper arm the 2nd during guarantee that described current detecting unit detects the time of electric current, in following 1 carrier cycle, revise the increase and decrease amount of corrected duty ratio
Described current detecting unit will guarantee the current detecting time the 1st during and the 2nd during the inverter bus current that detects be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively.
7. according to claim 5 or the described motor drive of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described induced voltage calculates that the unit uses the phase current that detects to carry out the reckoning of induced voltage in carrier cycle last time in the carrier cycle of the increase and decrease amount of having revised duty ratio.
8. motor drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise the load judgment unit of the load condition of judging motor,
Described duty ratio amending unit moves with regard to switching to the 1st pattern when being judged to be heavy duty according to the judged result of described load judgment unit, when being judged to be underload, moves with regard to switching to the 2nd pattern,
In described the 1st pattern,
Described dutycycle amending unit; In 1 carrier cycle of described pwm signal; Only 1 upper arm switching element energising of described phase inverter the 1st during and only 2 upper arm switching element energisings the 2nd during; Described dutycycle is modified to such dutyfactor value of time of guaranteeing described current detecting unit detection phase inverter bus current; Thereby described current detecting unit with during the 1st and the phase inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through respectively described motor
In described the 2nd pattern,
Described duty ratio amending unit, in 1 carrier cycle of the described pwm signal of control, during the described the 1st and during the described the 2nd, described duty ratio is modified to guarantees that described current detecting unit detects such dutyfactor value of time of inverter bus current, revises the increase and decrease amount of corrected duty ratio simultaneously in next carrier cycle, thus described current detecting unit will guarantee detection time the 1st during and the 2nd during the inverter bus current that detects be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively.
9. motor drive according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise the load judgment unit of the load condition of judging motor,
Described duty ratio amending unit moves with regard to switching to the 1st pattern when being judged to be heavy duty according to the judged result of described load judgment unit, when being judged to be underload, moves with regard to switching to the 2nd pattern,
In described the 1st pattern,
Described duty ratio amending unit, in half carrier cycle of described pwm signal, only 1 upper arm switching element energising of described inverter the 1st during and only 2 upper arm switching element energisings the 2nd during, described duty ratio is modified to such dutyfactor value of time of guaranteeing described current detecting unit detection inverter bus current, thereby current detecting unit with during the 1st and the inverter bus current that detects during the 2nd be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively
In described the 2nd pattern,
Described duty ratio amending unit, in half carrier cycle of described pwm signal, during the described the 1st and during the described the 2nd, described duty ratio is modified to guarantees that described current detecting unit detects such dutyfactor value of time of inverter bus current, revises the increase and decrease amount of corrected duty ratio simultaneously in next carrier cycle, thus described current detecting unit will guarantee detection time the 1st during and the 2nd during the inverter bus current that detects be transformed to the phase current of the three-phase that flows through described motor respectively.
10. it is characterized in that according to Claim 8 or the described motor drive of claim 9: described induced voltage calculates that the unit revises the phase current that use detects in the carrier cycle of increase and decrease amount of duty ratio and carry out the reckoning of induced voltage in described the 2nd pattern in carrier cycle last time.
11. according to Claim 8 or the described motor drive of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described load judgment unit uses the size of the dutyfactor value of pwm signal to judge load condition.
12. according to Claim 8 or the described motor drive of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described load judgment unit uses the revolution of motor to judge load condition.
13. according to Claim 8 or the described motor drive of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described load judgment unit uses the current value that is obtained by described current detecting unit to judge load condition.
14. according to Claim 8 or the described motor drive of claim 9, it is characterized in that: in the switching of described the 1st pattern and described the 2nd pattern, hysteresis is set.
15. a refrigerating plant is characterized in that:
The drive unit of the described motor drive of arbitrary claim in claim 1～claim 6 and claim 8 and the claim 9 as the compressor of compressed refrigerant used.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001381414A JP3931079B2 (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2001-12-14 | Electric motor drive device and refrigeration device using the same |
| JP2001381414 | 2001-12-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1426163A CN1426163A (en) | 2003-06-25 |
| CN1258257C true CN1258257C (en) | 2006-05-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021558906A Expired - Fee Related CN1258257C (en) | 2001-12-14 | 2002-12-13 | Electric motor driving device and freezing device using said motor driving device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3931079B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100507714B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1258257C (en) |
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-
2001
- 2001-12-14 JP JP2001381414A patent/JP3931079B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
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- 2002-12-13 CN CNB021558906A patent/CN1258257C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100507714B1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
| JP3931079B2 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
| KR20030051223A (en) | 2003-06-25 |
| CN1426163A (en) | 2003-06-25 |
| JP2003189670A (en) | 2003-07-04 |
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