CN1257465A - 用于地下井中的粘性组合物及方法 - Google Patents

用于地下井中的粘性组合物及方法 Download PDF

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CN1257465A
CN1257465A CN98804184.7A CN98804184A CN1257465A CN 1257465 A CN1257465 A CN 1257465A CN 98804184 A CN98804184 A CN 98804184A CN 1257465 A CN1257465 A CN 1257465A
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cement
iron
weight
alkali metal
chloride
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CN1095810C (zh
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苏迪尔·梅塔
威廉·丁·卡夫尼
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Halliburton Energy Services Inc
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ATLATIC RICHFIELD Co
Halliburton Energy Services Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
    • C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
    • C04B22/12—Acids or salts thereof containing halogen in the anion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
    • C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement

Abstract

本发明提供一种粘性组合物,其包括水硬粘性材料、氯化铁和足以形成可泵送水泥浆的水。氯化铁可增强所述组合物的流变学和性能。对井身进行注浆的方法是如下实现的:将水硬粘性材料、氯化铁和足以形成可泵送水泥浆的水混合在一起;将所述水泥浆泵送至井身中选定的位置;然后使所述水泥浆在该井中固化。

Description

用于地下井中的粘性组合物及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及粘性组合物，更具体而言是涉及包含氯化铁的粘性组合物以及将所述组合物放置在地下井中并在其中固化的方法。背景技术
根据其化学、物理性质和应用，水泥可分为多种类型。例如，美国测试和材料协会(the American Society for Testing and Materials)(ASTM)将水泥分为多种类型。水泥的ASTM类别有I型至V型。在石油和天然气井构建领域中，美国石油协会(the American PetroleumInstitute)(API)对不同类别的水泥设定了标准，其类似于ASTM规定的标准。API将用于石油和天然气井中的水泥分为8个不同的类别，A类至H类。因为对于某些水泥需要更严格的要求，以确保该水泥和水泥浆的适当性能，所以必须有这些不同的类别。泵入石油和天然气井中的水泥和水泥浆要经受各种类型的能量的作用。该能量主要是具有不同强度和持续时间的动能和热位能，它们影响水泥的水化率、形态学和水泥浆性质。
建筑级水泥通常可从许多制造商处得到，而且与用于注浆石油和天然气井的水泥相比是非常便宜的。这些建筑级水泥通常包含占水泥重量约0.75-3.0％的碱金属硫酸盐，这取决于它们是硫酸钠、硫酸钾或双金属硫酸盐。以水泥的重量计，优选的油井水泥通常包含低于约0.3％的碱金属硫酸盐。
虽然廉价或建筑级水泥可适用于许多的表面，但它们很少能够满足API对诸如增稠时间、游离水、压缩强度和化学补充等参数所规定的要求。各制造商的建筑级水泥的组成也是各不相同的，这使得难以预测所得到的水泥和水泥浆的物理性质和固化时间。因此，建筑级水泥，即使有，也很少用于井下应用。在注浆石油和天然气井的中间和制成井筒时尤为如此。
因为廉价的水泥容易得到，如果能够将它们转化或利用在石油和天然气井中、特别是在注浆中间和制成井筒时，将是非常有利的。另外，符合或者有可能符合API之对油井水泥规格要求的其他水泥，由于添加剂、混合物或污染物，有可能具有一些非令人所希望的性质，如差的流变学、有限的强度增加或差的反应性；因此，经常需要增强它们的流变学和性能。发明公开
优选的水泥组合物包括水泥与占水泥重量超过约0.3％的碱金属硫酸盐和氯化铁组成的混合物，所述氯化铁例如是氯化亚铁(FeCl2)、三氯化铁(FeCl3)或它们的混合物，其量以干水泥重量计为约0.1-10.0％、特别是以干水泥重量计为约0.5-2.0％。本发明优选的其他水泥组合物包括符合API之对油井水泥规格要求的Portland水泥和氯化铁的混合物，所述氯化铁例如是氯化亚铁(FeCl2)、三氯化铁(FeCl3)或它们的混合物，其量以干粘性材料重量计为约0.1-10.0％、特别是以干粘性材料重量计为约0.5-2.0％。
本发明还涉及对石油和天然气井之井身进行注浆的方法，其是如下完成的：将足够量的水添加至上述混合物中，形成可泵送的水泥浆。然后将水泥浆泵至井身中选定的位置，并使其固化。
因此，本发明的总目的是提供包含氯化铁的粘性组合物以及用该组合物对井身进行注浆的方法。
在阅读本发明的说明书后，本发明的其他目的、特征和优点对于本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的。实施本发明的最佳方式
本发明的粘性组合物和方法优选用于石油和天然气井的钻井操作中。本发明利用氯化铁显著提高了水硬粘性材料的性能，例如任何的Portland水泥、特别是高碱金属硫酸盐含量(即、以水泥重量计，其含量超过约0.3％)的廉价或建筑级水泥。
用于本发明中的氯化铁化合物包括氯化亚铁(FeCl2)、三氯化铁(FeCl3)或它们的混合物。优选的而且不符合API规格要求的建筑级水泥可从许多制造商处得到，且与注浆石油和天然气井用的更高级别的水泥相比是非常便宜的。在物理性质上，建筑级水泥不符合用于注浆油井时所需要的对增稠时间和压缩强度的要求。
以水泥重量计，所述建筑级或廉价水泥通常包含约0.75-3.0％的碱金属硫酸盐，这取决于它们是硫酸钠、硫酸钾或者双金属硫酸盐。相比较而言，以水泥的重量计，符合API之对油井水泥的规格要求的水泥通常包含低于约0.3％的碱金属硫酸盐。因此，优选的水硬材料在此定义为那些以水泥重量计包含超过约0.3％之碱金属硫酸盐的水泥。
本发明之经改进的钻井用水泥组合物包括水硬粘性材料，例如，以水泥重量计包含超过约0.3％碱金属硫酸盐的建筑级或廉价水硬水泥，符合API之对于油井使用的规格要求的水泥，等等；足以形成可泵送水泥浆的水；以及选自于氯化亚铁、三氯化铁及其混合物的氯化铁。以其中的干粘性材料计，氯化铁的量为约0.1-10.0％，更优选为约0.5-2.0％。另外，其他已知的添加剂也可包括在本发明的组合物中，这包括失水量添加剂、阻滞剂、分散剂和粘度降低剂。
用于本发明之粘性组合物中的水可以是任何来源的水，只要它不包含过量的、与所述组合物发生副作用或者影响其他组分的化合物即可。优选的是，以干的粘性材料计，新制水的量为约20-150％。
为评估氯化铁对水泥的影响以提高其用于地下条件中的特性，使用不同的以水泥重量计包含超过0.3％的碱金属硫酸盐的市售水泥、以及符合API之对于油井使用的规格要求的Portland水泥进行测试。表I显示了使用不同水泥组合物所进行的测试的结果。以干水泥重量(bwoc)计，用1.25-2.00％范围内的三氯化铁来评估组合物。所有的测试都是根据API Spec.10A的程序来进行的。表II显示了表I所示样品的相应浓度读数。
                                    表I：增稠时间
样品号     1     2     3     4     5     6     7
水硬材料     G类水泥     G类水泥     G类水泥     G类水泥     G类水泥     H类水泥     H类水泥
铁％(bwoc)     5.5     5.5     4.3     4.3     4.3     5.5     5.5
ALKALI SO％(bwoc)     1.90     1.90     1.74     1.74     1.74     0.2     0.2
水％(bwoc)     45.1     45.1     38     38     38     39     39
FeCl3％(bwoc)     0     1.5     0     1.5     2.0     0     1.25
SCR 100L1GAL/SK     0     0     0.1     0.1     0.1     0.05     0.05
HALAD-344L2GAL/SK     0     0     1.1     1.1     1.1     0     0
HALAD-3443(bwoc)     0     0     0     0     0     0.4     0.4
LB/GAL     15.8     15.8     15.5     15.5     15.5     16.4     16.4
°F     100     100     167     167     167     167     167
增稠时间     6hr30min     2hr50min     9hr30min     3hr34min     2hr0min     3hr17min     1hr15min
1、“SCR 100”液体，得自于Halliburton Energy Services，Duncan，Oklahoma2、失水量添加剂(HALAD-344L，得自于Halliburton Energy Services，Duncan，Oklahoma)3、失水量添加剂(HALAD-344，得自于Halliburton Energy Services，Duncan，Oklahoma)表II：在80°F时氯化铁水泥浆FANN35
 #  水硬材料 300RPM  200RPM  100RPM  6RPM  3RPM  PV/YP
 1  G类水泥 72  61  49  30  28  35/37
 2  G类水泥 68  60  50  33  28  27/41
 3  G类水泥 153  112  66  9  7  131/22
 4  G类水泥 168  125  78  13  10  135/33
 5  G类水泥 ---  ----  ----  ----  ----  ----
 6  H类水泥 113  82  46  4.5  7  101/12
 7  H类水泥 150  112  68  11  8  123/27
从表I所示的结果可以看出，在添加氯化铁时，所有样品的增稠时间都降低。以干的粘性材料的重量(bwoc)计，添加38-45％的水可使水泥浆具有所希望的均匀性。以粘性材料的重量计，添加的氯化铁的量取决于具体应用和要求如压缩强度、失水量和气体控制性质所希望的增稠时间。不同品牌之较差质量的水泥所需要的氯化铁的量也是可变的，而且应根据注浆工作之前的实验室测试来决定。
如前所述，一些符合API之对于油井水泥的规格要求的水泥具有非令人所希望的质量，如较差的流变学、有限的强度增加以及对其他添加剂或混合物如阻滞剂、加速剂、分散剂和失水量添加剂较差的反应。因此，氯化铁可添加至任何的水硬粘性材料中，如Portland水泥等，由此可增加它们的流变学和性能。
将本发明的粘性组合物配制成可泵送的水泥浆后，立即将其泵入井身中所希望的位置。通常通过井筒向下泵送所述泥浆，由此完成注浆操作。然后将单独的流体泵入井筒中，以压迫该水泥浆或将其从所述井筒底部挤出，并从井筒外部和井身之间的圆周或空间向上至所希望的位置。然后使水泥浆原位固化。
本发明的优点在于，可将具有高的碱金属硫酸盐含量的廉价或建筑级水泥转化为可用于石油和天然气井构建的水泥。氯化铁改变了水泥的化学和物理性质，使得压缩强度和增稠时间都大大改善，符合API的标准。另外，本发明的氯化铁可用于符合API之对于油井水泥的规格要求的Portland水泥中，由此增强所得组合物之流变学和性能。
据本发明之发明者所知，尚无人在水硬粘性材料、更具体而言是在以水泥重量计包含超过0.3％之碱金属硫酸盐的水泥中使用氯化铁，以将该材料转化为可用于石油和天然气井之表面注浆操作的形式。因此，除其固有的优点外，本发明非常适合于实现上述目的和优点。虽然本领域的普通技术人员还可对本发明进行多种的改进，但此种改进也包括在如所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的范围内。

Claims (20)

1、一种对井身进行注浆的方法，其包括以下步骤：
形成包括水硬性水泥、足以形成可泵送水泥浆的水、以及以所述水泥的重量计约0.1-10％氯化铁的粘性组合物，所述水泥包含以其本身重量计超过约0.3％的碱金属硫酸盐；
将所述水泥浆泵入所述井身中；然后
使所述水泥浆在所述井身中固化。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述氯化铁选自于氯化亚铁、三氯化铁、或它们的混合物。
3、如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述水泥是Portland水泥。
4、如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，以所述组合物中的水泥重量计，所述氯化铁的量为约0.5-2％。
5、如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，以所述组合物中的水泥重量计，所述水的量为约20-150％。
6、如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，以其本身重量计，所述水泥包含超过约0.5％的碱金属硫酸盐。
7、如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，以其本身重量计，所述水泥包含超过约1.0％的碱金属硫酸盐。
8、如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，以其本身重量计，所述水泥包含超过约1.5％的碱金属硫酸盐。
9、一种对井身进行注浆的方法，其包括以下步骤：
形成包括Portland水泥、足以形成可泵送水泥浆的水、以及以所述水泥的重量计约0.1-10％氯化铁的粘性组合物，所述Portland水泥包含以其本身重量计超过约0.3％的碱金属硫酸盐，所述氯化铁选自于氯化亚铁、三氯化铁或它们的混合物；
将所述水泥浆泵入所述井身中；然后
使所述水泥浆在所述井身中固化。
10、如权利要求9所述的方法，其中，以所述组合物中的水泥重量计，所述氯化铁的量为约0.5-2％。
11、如权利要求9所述的方法，其中，以所述组合物中的水泥重量计，所述水的量为约20-150％。
12、如权利要求9所述的方法，其中，以其本身重量计，所述水泥包含超过约0.5％的碱金属硫酸盐。
13、如权利要求9所述的方法，其中，以其本身重量计，所述水泥包含超过约1.0％的碱金属硫酸盐。
14、如权利要求9所述的方法，其中，以其本身重量计，所述水泥包含超过约1.5％的碱金属硫酸盐。
15、一种对井身进行注浆的方法，其包括以下步骤：
形成包括水硬性水泥、足以形成可泵送水泥浆的水、以及以所述水泥的重量计约0.1-10％氯化铁的粘性组合物，所述水泥包含以其本身重量计超过约0.3％的碱金属硫酸盐，所述氯化铁选自于氯化亚铁、三氯化铁或它们的混合物；
将所述水泥浆泵入所述井身中；然后
使所述水泥浆在所述井身中固化。
16、如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，以所述组合物中的水泥重量计，所述氯化铁的量为约0.5-2％。
17、如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述水泥是Portland水泥。
18、如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，以其本身重量计，所述水泥包含超过约0.5％的碱金属硫酸盐。
19、如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，以其本身重量计，所述水泥包含超过约1.0％的碱金属硫酸盐。
20、如权利要求15所述的方法，其中，以其本身重量计，所述水泥包含超过约1.5％的碱金属硫酸盐。
CN98804184A 1997-04-14 1998-04-03 用于地下井中的粘性组合物及方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1095810C (zh)

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US08/834,065 1997-04-14
US08/834,065 US5749418A (en) 1997-04-14 1997-04-14 Cementitious compositions and methods for use in subterranean wells

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CN1257465A true CN1257465A (zh) 2000-06-21
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CN111410477A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-07-14 甘肃省建材科研设计院有限责任公司 堵漏材料及其制备方法

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CN111410477A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-07-14 甘肃省建材科研设计院有限责任公司 堵漏材料及其制备方法

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CA2287473C (en) 2004-07-06
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PE85199A1 (es) 1999-09-20
NO324879B1 (no) 2007-12-27
EP0973698B1 (en) 2001-12-05
TW396204B (en) 2000-07-01
EP0973698A1 (en) 2000-01-26
US5749418A (en) 1998-05-12
CN1095810C (zh) 2002-12-11
NO994952D0 (no) 1999-10-11
AR012005A1 (es) 2000-09-13
CA2287473A1 (en) 1998-10-22
DE69802790D1 (de) 2002-01-17
HK1022295A1 (en) 2000-08-04
NO994952L (no) 1999-10-11
US5972103A (en) 1999-10-26
CO5021176A1 (es) 2001-03-27
AU6927098A (en) 1998-11-11
ID23807A (id) 2000-05-11

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