CN1256035C - Method for processing demersal pufted granular feed of river crab - Google Patents
Method for processing demersal pufted granular feed of river crab Download PDFInfo
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- CN1256035C CN1256035C CNB2004100149050A CN200410014905A CN1256035C CN 1256035 C CN1256035 C CN 1256035C CN B2004100149050 A CNB2004100149050 A CN B2004100149050A CN 200410014905 A CN200410014905 A CN 200410014905A CN 1256035 C CN1256035 C CN 1256035C
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- feed
- temperature
- demersal
- puffy
- river crabs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The present invention provides a method for processing demersal puffy granular feed for river crabs, which relates to the field of processing feed in an extruding and puffy way. A speed regulating device with adjustable frequency is additionally arranged on a main motor of a common single-screw extrusion machine in the present invention in order to regulate the rotary speed of a screw rod, and demersal puffy granular feed having favorable water resistance for river crabs can be processed by combining relevant technological conditions. The raw materials of fish meal, soybean meal, vegetable meal, wheat, etc. are selected and matched according to the nutritional requirements of the river crabs, and the conditions of pulverizing granularity, the moisture content and the temperature of mixed materials, the rotary speed of the screw rod of the extrusion machine, the sectional temperature of a machine barrel, etc. are controlled in order to prepare the demersal puffy granular feed for river crabs through the steps of fine pulverization, mixing, mixing, extrusion, dryness, cooling, etc. The demersal puffy granular feed for river crabs has the advantages of favorable water resistance, high pasting degree and high speed of softening after absorbing water, and is suitable for feeding the river crabs.
Description
Technical field
A kind of processing method of producing the heavy property expanded pellet feed of river crab with single-screw extrusion machine relates to the extrusion manufacture field of feed.
Technical background
River crab is one of China's famous-particular-excellent aquatic products, and the market demand is big, and culture benefit is good.Culture of Chinese mitten crab development in recent years is very fast, and Jiangsu Province's river crab output in 2000 is near 90,000 tons, and formed thus grow seedlings, industrial chain that links such as breed, feed, crab medicine, processing, sale and food and drink are formed, only support one of crab and just realize 5,500,000,000 yuan of the output values.The river crab output in Jiangsu Province and cultured area account for more than 50% of the whole nation.River crab is the few valency height of present still goods on market, and market potential is still huge.
River crab belongs to the end type crustacean that dwells, and gets used to seeking food at the bottom, and therefore requiring feed is heavy property, and feed can sink under water after dropping in the water.River crab is found after the food with the foot of a chela food to be clamped and delivers to the mouthpart limit, by mouthpart food is cut off or grinds, and sends into esophagus then.This mode speed of searching for food of river crab is slow more than the mode of eating of fish, so the requirement of the water resisting time of feed for river crab is longer than fish meal, it is not defeated and dispersed that the feed water resisting time should reach 3～6h.River crab will gnaw feed granules broken, so feed granules can not be really up to the mark, too solid, produces lost that tiny chip causes but also will reduce feed as far as possible in the process of biting.
Existing river crab compound feed is that it is poor to exist water stability with the hard pellet diet of granulator compacting, and feed waste is big, the problem serious to water quality impact.When hard pellet diet is made aquatic feeds, in order to improve water stability, often particle is pressed very hard, this can cause the river crab difficulty of searching for food, and has also increased the difficulty and the production cost of feed granulating; Feed China and foreign countries adding additives has not only improved feed cost, also may influence the feed digestibility, and some binding agent also exists the potential possibility that influences health by food chain; The grit of production small particle diameter can be had any problem, and bulky grain is broken into granule usefulness, and is bigger to the water stability influence of particle.
China is the very nervous country of water resource, and along with the growth of culture of Chinese mitten crab amount, the increase of feed consumption also will be more outstanding to the influence of culturing water.The single-screw extrusion machine that generally uses at feed factory at present only is suitable for processing the buoyancy expanding feed, and the expanded pellet diet that promptly makes swims on the water surface after dropping in the water.Therefore, be fit to single-screw extrusion machine processing that river crab searches for food, improves the feed benefit, to reduce the heavy property expanded pellet diet that water pollutes very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of processing method of producing the heavy property expanded pellet feed of river crab with single-screw extrusion machine, the gained feed has resistance to water preferably, is suitable for river crab and searches for food.
Technical scheme of the present invention: according to the river crab nutritional need various raw materials are cooperated,, make heavy property expanded pellet feed through operations such as pulverizing, mixing, modified, extruding, dry coolings.Concrete technology is as follows:
1, raw material:
According to the nutritional need of river crab and the characteristic of searching for food, select raw materials such as fish meal, dregs of beans, soybean, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs, wheat, corn, rice bran, vitamin, mineral matter for use, do not add artificial binding agent, the raw mix that is mixed with, wherein the quality percentage composition of crude protein is controlled at 30～45%.
2, pulverize:
Raw mix is pulverized through hammer crusher, pulverized with atomizer again, make raw meal particle size reach 0.250mm hole testing sieve oversize≤20%.Grinding particle size is thick excessively, and the feed granules surface that makes is crude, and is easy to crack after the entry.
3, mix:
Raw material after pulverizing is put into feed mixing machine mix coefficient of variation (CV)≤10%.
4, modified:
Mixed material is added the double-shaft paddle quality-adjusting device through feeder, feed steam simultaneously, water carries out modified.Modified back material moisture 23～29%, 90～95 ℃ of temperature of charge.
5, extruding:
Enter single-screw extrusion machine through modified material, on common single-screw extrusion machine, set up the RHVC of main motor, with the adjusting screw(rod) rotating speed.Through effects such as the extruding of screw rod and machine barrel, shearings, it is expanded that material is extruded nib, and cut into graininess through cutting knife.The extruder condition: screw slenderness ratio 10: 1, die throat diameter 2mm, machine barrel rub up district (stage casing) and add 115～125 ℃ of thermal control temperature, 40～50 ℃ of machine barrel slaking district (outlet section) cooling control temperature, screw speed 150～190r/min.Drop temperature is at 80～85 ℃.
The prescription higher for crude protein content, that starchy material is less can suitably be strengthened extruding condition, as adopts higher screw speed and higher barrel zone temperature, exceeds not produce the buoyancy material, can improve the resistance to water of pellet.
6, cooling:
The feed granules air blast is cooled to the material temperature near room temperature, pellet moisture≤11%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: it is more suitable that feed for river crab is made heavy property expanded pellet feed: very fast suction is softened after the 1. heavy expanded material entry of property, is easy to river crab and gnaws; 2. each component of feed rubs up together after expanded, can reduce the chip that produces when gnawing and scatter and disappear; 3. expanded pellet diet reaches long water resisting time easily, reduces the waste and the water pollution of feed; 4. expanded pellet diet curing degree height is easier to digest and assimilate.
The river crab that the present invention makes is sunk property expanded pellet feed puffed degree 1.10～1.25, water resisting time 〉=24h, water logging 1h dry loss late≤12%, gelatinization degree about 90%.Pellet shape rounding is smooth, and it is almost nil to contain the powder rate.Very fast suction deliquescing is kept perfectly more than the grain shape 24h after the pellet entry.This situation is suitable for river crab searches for food, and helps improving feed efficiency, feed waste and water pollution obviously reduced.
Adopt single-screw extrusion machine in the technology, adjust screw speed and other suitable condition, process the heavy property expanded pellet feed of river crab, broken through the limitation that single-screw extrusion machine is commonly used to process the buoyancy expanding material, enlarged the production of fodder kind of single-screw extrusion machine, reduced production costs.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Prescription (%): fish meal 30, dregs of beans 30, the dish dregs of rice 8, cotton dregs 5, wheat 22, rice bran 5, other adds the vitamin and the mineral matter of the total amount 1.5% of filling a prescription.0.250mm hole testing sieve oversize≤20%), mixing, steam regulation of texture, conditioning of texture (material moisture 26% modified after, 92 ℃ of temperature of charge), extruding (screw speed 170r/min, machine barrel rub up 120 ℃ of the temperature in district, 45 ℃ of machine barrel slaking district temperature, die throat diameter 2mm), the dry cooling make product processing technology: through batching, pulverize (raw meal particle size:.The heavy property expanded pellet feed that makes, water resisting time＞24h, water logging 1h dry scatter ratio, scatter and disappear ratio is 10.4%, gelatinization degree 93.2%.
Claims (2)
1, the processing method of the heavy property expanded pellet feed of a kind of river crab, it is characterized in that selecting for use fish meal, dregs of beans, soybean, the dish dregs of rice, cotton dregs, wheat, corn, rice bran, vitamin, mineral matter is raw material, make heavy property expanded pellet feed through pulverizing, mixing, modified, extruding, dry refrigerating work procedure, employing can speed governing single-screw extrusion machine, by control raw material pulverizing granularity, strengthen modified, control extruder screw rotating speed and the barrel zone temperature measure makes, concrete process conditions are:
Pulverize: the raw material pulverizing granularity reaches at the oversize of 0.250mm hole testing sieve≤20%;
Mix: the raw material after will pulverizing is put into feed mixing machine and is mixed, coefficient of variation (CV)≤10%;
Modified: as in quality-adjusting device, to add steam, water, make material modified evenly, modified back material moisture 23～29%, 90～95 ℃ of temperature of charge;
Extruding: the extruder barrel temperature is controlled to be the machine barrel stage casing and rubs up the district and need heat, 115～125 ℃ of control temperature, and machine barrel outlet section slaking district need cool off, 40～50 ℃ of control temperature, drop temperature is at 80～85 ℃, extruder screw rotating speed 150～190r/min;
Dry cooling: the feed granules air blast is cooled to the material temperature near room temperature, pellet moisture≤11%.
2, processing method according to claim 1, extrusion process wherein adopts the RHVC of setting up main motor on common single-screw extrusion machine, with the adjusting screw(rod) rotating speed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100149050A CN1256035C (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2004-05-14 | Method for processing demersal pufted granular feed of river crab |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100149050A CN1256035C (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2004-05-14 | Method for processing demersal pufted granular feed of river crab |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1579203A CN1579203A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
| CN1256035C true CN1256035C (en) | 2006-05-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2004100149050A Expired - Fee Related CN1256035C (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2004-05-14 | Method for processing demersal pufted granular feed of river crab |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101744152B (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-10-09 | 朱勤 | Production technology of soft feed suitable for the seed period of shellfishes |
Families Citing this family (14)
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| CN100361597C (en) * | 2006-01-23 | 2008-01-16 | 缪淑华 | Ecological and nutritious mixing feed for 'doukou' crab |
| CN100394863C (en) * | 2006-03-17 | 2008-06-18 | 淮安市康达饲料有限公司 | Chinese crab mixed batching feed |
| NO331982B1 (en) * | 2008-03-10 | 2012-05-21 | Seafarm Products As | Stable, swollen, ready-to-feed feed pellets for feeding marine organisms. |
| CN101258900B (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2010-12-29 | 苏州大学 | Environment-friendly type feed for river crab |
| CN101390579B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-04-13 | 王平川 | Crab compound feed and production method thereof |
| CN101455280B (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2011-05-18 | 陈忆凤 | Production technique of soft feedstuff suitable for crustacean in mature and Zhuanghuang stage |
| CN101569376B (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2011-09-07 | 浙江金大地饲料有限公司 | Expanded sinking formula feed suitable for sea crabs to ingest and method for preparing same |
| CN102669463A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 镇江市丹徒区荣炳洋湖鹅业专业合作社 | Vinegar residue compound feed for crabs |
| CN103110012B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-03-19 | 上海农好饲料有限公司 | Grouper fish-powder-free sinking expanded feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104585516A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-06 | 江苏学府生物工程有限公司 | Production method of immunocompetence feed for river crabs |
| CN103875978A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-25 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Preparation method for water-resistant aquaculture fodder |
| CN103960497B (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-12-30 | 合肥蓝华生物科技有限公司 | A kind of curried taste crab feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN104605144A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-13 | 南京丰农生物科技有限公司 | High-immunity puffed biological feed for river crabs |
| CN105341509A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-24 | 蚌埠市水森林生态农业科技园 | Aquaculture fodder formula |
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2004
- 2004-05-14 CN CNB2004100149050A patent/CN1256035C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101744152B (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2013-10-09 | 朱勤 | Production technology of soft feed suitable for the seed period of shellfishes |
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