CN1252179A - High voltage switchgear station - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-voltage switchgear station comprising a plurality of electric apparatus. According to the invention, the electric apparatus are arranged in an air-insulated, earthed metal enclosure (1). The invention also relates to a switchgear module for use in such a switchgear station. The module according to the invention comprises a metal enclosure (1) with air-insulated electric apparatus enclosed therein. The invention also relates to a method of constructing a high-voltage switchgear station. According to the method, the switchgear station is built out of modules according to the invention, the apparatus therein being connected together, and the metal enclosures being earthed.

Description

High voltage switchyard

The present invention relates to the switching plant of claim 1 type that preamble limits, also relate to switchgear assemblies that is used for this switchyard and the method for building this switchyard.

Existing high voltage switchyard is placed on the open air usually, occupies big quantity space.The switchyard scene is installed and equipment is coupled together.In view of the reason of its size, its outward appearance ugliness in a lot of human eyes, so switchyard generally has to place away from those zones that residential area and people often patronize.So usually away from the urban district.Under many circumstances, caused the restriction of switchyard location, this be do not expect.In addition, built on-site switchyard expense is relatively costly.

In the present patent application, the notion of high pressure relates to the voltage level of 72.5kV, can also be higher, be preferably 145-420kV.

In order to obtain the more compact switchyard of structure, prior art is that switchgear is enclosed in the sealing gas container hermetically, and equipment is by SF ₆-gas surrounds.Gas makes anti-arcing increase, therefore reduced to be in safe distance required between the equipment of different voltage levels, thereby structure is more compact.But it is very expensive that equipment is enclosed in this gas container.Besieged gas also must come under observation in case dangerous the leakage.This has further increased operation cost, and does not eliminate the threat that gas container causes environment fully.

Therefore, such gas-insulated switch station is very complicated, needs very long maintenance time after breaking down, and it is pretty troublesome to increase layout in addition, when being difficult to obtain spare part especially after long-time.Be approximately 30 years the useful life of switchyard.

In order to realize a kind of switchyard that overcomes air-insulated open air or sealing gas insulation class shortcoming, prior art is enclosed in switchyard in the air-insulated building.

So DE-A-4139177 discloses a kind of switchyard with external buildings, power equipment is housed in the external buildings.Equipment is placed on the chassis that allows to be installed in mutually in the building.

In addition, FR-A-2566199 discloses a kind of element that is used to have around the switchgear of the shell of equipment, and it is air-insulated.Element has it is divided into several rows of a large amount of chamber on both direction dividing plate, is provided with power equipment in the chamber.FR-A-2530881 discloses similar switchyard.

These disclosed switchyards have overcome the shortcoming at initial conventional switch station of discussing to a certain extent.

But, for want with compact, reach reliable mode flexibly and obtain switchyard, still have some shortcomings.

Given this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of air-insulated switchyard of sealing, this switchyard compactness, flexible, reliable allows rationally to install and keep in repair, for the maintenance personal provides higher fail safe in addition.

According to a first aspect of the invention, these purposes can be by having the described special characteristic of claim 1 characteristic the high voltage switchyard of the described type of claim 1 preamble realize, according to a second aspect of the invention, the switchgear assemblies of the described type of claim 15 preamble by having the described special characteristic of claim 15 characteristic is realized, according to a third aspect of the invention we, the switchgear assemblies of the described type of claim 37 preamble by having the described special characteristic of claim 37 characteristic is realized.

Because the element with mental package makes up switchyard, each element is the separate structure assembly, and each such element has constituted a kind of protecting sheathing, so flexibility is very high.Eliminated demand simultaneously to peripheral building.Element can be coupled together the synthetic switchyard of design team to adapt to different needs.Avoided owing to all devices is placed on the restriction that must keep specified arrangement that brings in the separate housing with partition wall.

According to most preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is the inlet that directly leads to switchyard inside the formed chamber of metal shell.Therefore be convenient to M R.Need special-purpose repairing route be set, thereby make layout compact more in the inside of switchyard own.

Because switchgear shared scope in metal shell is greater or lesser, has reduced common needed safe distance between the different electromotive force equipment greatly.In switchgear, safe distance refers to minimum air distance required between maintain or keep in repair in high pressure and the equipment that part of.This distance is included in the determined distance of voltage that equipment must be able to bear under the situation that arcing do not occur, is called minimum atmosphere distance, also comprises necessity distance that obtains the M R coefficient of safety.When equipment is placed in the grounding shell with controlled environment, the distance that can reduce to mention at first.If high pressure and be in the maintenance or the maintenance equipment between grounded metal wall (shell) is arranged, second distance can be ignored.The same with the situation of equipment in being in outdoor conventional switch station, the enclosure environment is an air itself, but compares with the open air, can control environment by diverse mode in this enclosure, and not influenced by rainwater.The pressure of air, temperature, granule number, humidity and undulatory motion and electrode surface characteristic, all these air that affects in the uniform relatively electrode air gap of electric field has great anti-arcing.When air is besieged, can increase these parameter control flexibilities just and just allow to accept shorter atmosphere distance, thereby make structure become compact more.The size of porcelain also can have shorter leakage paths.This all helps high-voltage switch gear and stands in location the building area from financial aspects and environment aspect.

Suitably the design switchyard is so that each independent metal shell comprises and same mutually relevant electric equipment.

Airborne electric arcing causes the ionization of air molecule.If for example in order to obtain compact structure the high pressure electric conductor is very closely put together, the air that is ionized by elementary arcing can cause intermediate arcing, and intermediate arcing relates to other conductors beyond related that of elementary arcing/those conductors.For three-phase system, well-known, one mutually in electric over the ground arcing side effect that three-phase network is brought littler than arcing between heterogeneous.Therefore, when each mutually and equipment when being isolated in the separate housing, can eliminate the heterogeneous fault that air ionization causes in the switchyard.Therefore, isolation has increased the possibility that reduces the atmosphere distance.

Independent metal shell preferably surrounds a plurality of high voltage electric equipments.This can reduce the size of switchyard, and the advantage of exploitation switchyard assembly has also reduced manufacturing and operation cost.

But in fact and since some equipment must isolate with miscellaneous equipment and must take out maintenance and maintenance and at this moment other equipment still be in the running, so for the phase in the same shell, it is impossible that all high-tension apparatuses are surrounded.When must switching devices carrying out this maintenance, maintenance has become a kind of operation of danger.Small size makes accessibility complicated.For the safety measure of well moving and personal security is taked is that high voltage switchyard is divided into a lot of shells, these shells are used for the arrival of every current path outflow shell and are different from the place of switchyard as mentioned herein, and the separate equipment shell will connect the current path segmentation of shell.

In another embodiment of the present invention, metal shell is rectangular box-like, and these boxes are stacked about self.This makes it possible to the reasonable combination switchyard, is convenient to the transportation of element, also is convenient to the manufacturing of shell and equipment is surrounded wherein.

In the present embodiment, it is stacked to be preferably three boxes, and one is placed on above another, each box comprise with three-phase in a mutually relevant electric equipment wherein, thereby the switchyard structure that obtains a kind of convenience and be easy to transport.Present embodiment is particularly useful for using the situation of the following stated internal bus alternative.

In another most preferred embodiment, the bus relevant with switchyard is positioned at the outside or inner of metal shell.The former provides very big flexibility for the independent metal shell of exchange in switchyard, can not fully develop reducing on the space of comparing with the conventional switch station but then.The latter promptly has internal bus, and the flexibility of same degree is not provided, but the size of switchyard is little when using outside bus.Therefore in general, local external condition and priority will determine in above-mentioned these aspects which be most important and so the two select one.

In most preferred embodiment, the design of switchyard is that the malleation of air is preponderated after feasible portion's filtering in the enclosure.This malleation is more weak relatively but have the particle of preventing and enter and electric field is caused serious effects of jamming.This has increased the flexibility with short atmosphere distance.

A benefit of switchyard of the present invention is: each assembly can have the surveillance equipment of detection components internal event state and process.Detected value sends to control element, and control element does not need just to be positioned at the next door of switchyard remainder.In most preferred embodiment, switchyard designs in this way.Signal sends to control centre and handles in microprocessor through optical cable.The increase of switchyard being paid close attention to chance has reduced periodic maintenance, and replaces to a great extent when control signal indication and just keep in repair when needing repairing.

Above-mentioned and other benefits of switchyard embodiment are limited by the appended claim that depends on claims 1 according to the present invention.

In switchyard according to the present invention, it is favourable using the assembly of type that claim 15 limits.

According to the characteristics and the position of switchyard surrounding area, assembly has the device of link ceases to be busy or cable.Is favourable in the community outside with first kind, can avoid laying more expensive underground cable, but in the urban district, underground cable be necessary that assembly should adapt therewith at the drop-down overhead wire of establishing of not pretty troublesome situation.

When switchyard is designed to have outside bus, have the device that is connected to outside bus according to the assembly of most preferred embodiment, this device is suitable for bow collector isolating switch shape.Like this, just with the assembly effective and safe be connected on the outside bus, assembly can move or be replaced.

When switchyard was designed to have internal bus, assembly was suitable for comprising its section separately.This need be in the assembly notion additional step and it advantage is provided.In another most preferred embodiment, in passing the busbar channel of shell, insulation shielding is set, like this,, just can prevent that it from passing to adjacent shells from the arcing point if electric arc appears in portion in the enclosure, therefore limited damage.In order further to reduce this danger, according to the optimal modification example of present embodiment, bus have close insulation shielding around insulating barrier.

The outstanding advantage of building switchyard based on modules of said type is that they can be used as the preprocessing element and provide.Like this, the assembly of preprocessing has constituted an important embodiment.Therefore,, can they be created in factory regardless of the local condition of setting up switchyard, make can be rationally and cost produce assembly effectively.Equipment in the assembly and assembly joint also can detect in factory, and like this, in fact switchyard can combine with plug-in components.

According to most preferred embodiment, the bus section that is arranged in assembly is made up of cable termination.Therefore, the electric arc destruction of causing is limited in the assembly that electric arc occurs.If expansion cable also is easy to assembly is separated.

In another embodiment, assembly comprises vehicle frame formula circuit breaker.This makes it possible to handle several cut-off points in single motion, and this also helps to reduce size of components.During maintenance, vehicle frame formula circuit breaker also is easy to take out from assembly.

In another most preferred embodiment, assembly has shield member, and this member arrives the position that a component internal part and another part are separated through handling.This means, for example, equipment from assembly, the bus section conductively-closed that is arranged in assembly has been lived.When putting down shielding, even when bus still alives, also can keep in repair to equipment.

The above-mentioned and other advantage of switch module limits in other claim that relies on claim 15 according to the present invention.

At last, the third aspect the present invention relates to build the method for the high voltage switchyard that claim 37 limits, and has utilized the reasonability advantage that switchyard of the present invention provided.

Come to explain more fully the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing by describing most preferred embodiment in detail, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1-the 3rd, the perspective diagram of switchyard alternative embodiment of the present invention,

Fig. 4-the 6th, the schematic top plan view of switchyard additional embodiment of the present invention,

Fig. 7 is the horizontal cross-section according to the described switchyard of one embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 8 is the partial cross section of amplification with switchyard shown in Figure 7 of the equipment that is in primary importance,

Fig. 9 is the cross section identical with Fig. 8, but equipment is in diverse location,

Figure 10 is the perspective view of assembly of the present invention, has removed a sidewall of shell,

Figure 11 is the vertical cross-section of the described assembly of alternative embodiment according to the present invention,

Figure 12-the 16th, the different details of equipment in the assembly of the present invention,

Figure 17 is the vertical cross-section of the described assembly of yet another embodiment of the invention,

Figure 18 is the details cross section of Figure 17.

Fig. 1 is the switchyard perspective view that may see according to the present invention.The size of switchyard is applicable to nine three-phase electricity streamlines and comprises 27 measure-alike rectangle switch module casees or box 1, the wherein wide 2m of each box, long 4.5m, high 3m.Per three boxes are deposited in together, and one is placed on above another, and a box is used for a phase of a circuit, and these boxes that bank out are placed closely together.Therefore, the head of a station of switch shown in 18m, wide 4.5m, high 9m.All boxes all have metallic walls and are ground connection.Each assembly is provided with door 2, the door of one of them box that only drawn among the figure, and by door, the maintenance personal can enter component internal under certain condition and constraint, and it is more obvious that this point will become in the following description.Minimum component internal can be directly entered from ground, last two layer assemblies can be entered by stair and the passage that is provided with.Shown in switchyard more much smaller than the conventional switch station of same-type, need 1/4 of original area approximately.Embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 is the internal bus type, and they pass the arrival adjacent component in component internal along vertical operation of switchyard and between the walls.This type provides the compactest design.Because switchyard is to use same box, therefore can obtain the appearance of discrete unanimity, to be easy to be installed in the surrounding environment with acceptable manner, even to be installed in the urban district.

Fig. 2 is connected with earth cable with this type of switchyard shown in six casees embodiment, perhaps is connected with the overhead wire shown in four casees embodiment of Fig. 3.Fig. 2 and 3 also show each assembly be how to be respectively equipped with cable be connected 3 or overhead wire connect 4.

Fig. 2 cable embodiment or Fig. 3 overhead wire embodiment can also have outside bus and/or internal bus.

In overhead wire embodiment, in order to set up bigger distance between phase, it is favourable that the adjacent component heap is set at certain intervals.In this example, the butt joint cabin is placed between the equipment compartment.

Fig. 2 also symbolically shows switchyard also can be provided with the unit that comprises fan 90 and air cleaner 92, and this unit is connected to switchyard by ventilation duct 91, thereby places filtration back air to have under the light malleation on the switchgear shell.

Switchyard also is provided with control element 93, and this element is through such signal lead 94 control and the monitoring switch stations of optical cable.

Fig. 4-9 schematically shows the birds-eye view according to a plurality of other examples of switchyard of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a kind of embodiment, is provided with in switchgear assemblies outside on the three-line of bus 6,7,8 to have overhead wire 5.Switchyard is the single busbar connection type.The switchyard transformer is represented with 9.Each switchgear assemblies 1 is connected to by isolating switch 10 on its bus, and isolating switch is that the bow collector type is comparatively suitable, is placed on the upper end of assembly.Fig. 5 also show be provided with overhead wire 5 and outside bus 6,7,8,6 ', 7 ', 8 ' example, but be the double-bus type.From two figure, obviously find out, each the phase 5a on the line, 5b, 5c are connected with its assembly.With regard to the layout of switchyard, relatively large with the embodiment flexibility of Figure 4 and 5 shown types, for example: in order to keep in repair and maintenance is easy to each assembly is changed.

In the figure of correspondence, Fig. 6 shows the switchyard example that has internal bus.It is than the very flexible of Fig. 4-5 illustrated embodiment, but this switchyard requisite space is less.In this example, in heap 11, one of the assembly that is used for three-phase be placed on another above, each the phase 5a on every line 5, among the 5b, 5c and heap 11 three assemblies one of them link to each other.Shown in layout be used for dissimilar buses and arrange, for example single busbar connection, H-connect the bus that single busbar connection and annular connect.

All examples shown in Fig. 4-6 are applicable to also that certainly earth cable connects.

Fig. 7 schematically shows the switchyard horizontal sectional drawing that has internal bus according to of the present invention, comprise nine assemblies, wherein six is breaker assembly 1a, 1b, 1d, 1f, 1h, 1I, remaining three 1c, 1e, 1g are segmented assemblies, by segmented assemblies bus are divided into four part 12a-12d.With bus sectional lized purpose be: if one of them breaker assembly 1a breaks down, faulty components can be separated, provide complete switchyard part from one of them connection of the arbitrary end of switchyard.When adjacent component puts into operation, faulty components is overhauled then.Isolating switch in the assembly and circuit breaker can disconnect and being connected of bus 12.

Fig. 8 and 9 further shows the enlarged drawing of assembly 1c-e among Fig. 7.Fig. 8 shows and is in arranging of link position, and Fig. 9 is link position not.In position shown in Figure 8, bus is closed, and reason is: its section 12a, 12b and 12c interconnect by isolating switch 13c and the 13d of section 1c and 1e, and vehicle frame formula circuit breaker 14d is in on-position simultaneously.

If at bus section 12b or be connected on this equipment and carry out repair work, it is separated by isolating switch 13c and 13e are pulled back to position shown in Figure 9.Simultaneously, the vehicle frame formula circuit breaker 14d among the assembly 1d is pulled back, through earthing device bus 12b is connected to earth potential then.This position as shown in Figure 9.Owing to be to disconnect and ground connection, therefore can on bus section 12b, carry out maintenance and repair.This is preferably undertaken by assembly 1d.The benefit that needn't for this reason use assembly 1c and 1e is adjacent sections 12a and the 12c that does not need to disconnect bus. Removable curtain 15c, 15e are set on assembly 1c and 1e, and described removable curtain can be moved screening-off position shown in Figure 9 to from the stowed position, and on screening-off position, equipment in each assembly and bus 12 separate.When pulling out curtain as shown in Figure 9, can under bus needn't be for currentless situation, maintain equipment and safeguard.

Figure 10 schematically shows the perspective internal view of the assembly with vehicle frame formula circuit breaker 14.Assembly for example can be the assembly 1d among Fig. 8.Assembly 1 comprises grounded metal enclosure, and shell has top board 16, base plate 17, front bulkhead 18, aft bulkhead 19 and two sidewalls 20, wherein sees one of them sidewall among the figure only.Metal shell has formed the parallel of long 4.5m, wide 2m, high 3m ^*(parallel-epipedic) box, wall is made of 2mm corrugated steel plate.Aft bulkhead comprises two doors 21.Metal shell is provided with cable joint 3 and cable termination 22.Bus 12 comprises the aluminum pipe of the about 200-250mm of radius, aluminum pipe make to/from the device current conducting in the adjacent shells, thick insulation shielding 49 is arranged on the exit that it passes sidewall 20.Thereby prevent the arc-through switchyard.Bus 12 is provided with from the insulating barrier 55 of insulation shielding 49 and along bus and extends very short distance.Bus also can use the material beyond the aluminium.

The radius of aluminum pipe causes its surface electric field intensity to weaken greatly, and therefore, airborne more even.

Vehicle frame moves on a pair of rail 23 of shell bottom plate 17, vehicle frame carrying vehicle posture circuit breaker 14 equipment, when vehicle frame formula circuit breaker when base end wall 21 pulls back, vehicle frame formula circuit breaker 14 is replaced into open position from link position.The framework of vehicle frame be aluminium or painted steel sheet.Among the figure, shown in vehicle frame formula circuit breaker be in the position that just will connect.Track 23 comprises a dihedral section that upwards turns, and carriage wheels 24 is corresponding therewith.The motion of advancing by the 25 realization vehicle frame formula circuit breakers of the control device on the vehicle frame is equipped with retainer 27 on shell bottom plate 17.

Single-pole circuit breaker 28 levels are installed on the vehicle frame, are provided with the contra adapter 32 on the bus in its end that has joint 31.Around joint 31, circuit breaker is provided with shielding 29, and purpose is relatively than the Electric Field Distribution that obtains expectation in the short air gap between current path and shell 15.Circuit breaker 28 is supported by the pin insulator 33 that is based upon on the frame chassis 34.Metallic shield body 30 is set, there, circuit breaker 28 be based upon on the pin insulator 33 and function 29 identical with shielding.Upwards the conductor 35 of Zhiing leads to the shield 36 of its upper end, and horizontal conductor 37 is electrically connected to top sub 38. Conductor 35 and 37 is made of aluminum pipe.Top shielding body 36 is supported by the horizontal pin insulator 39 that is installed on the vehicle frame backboard.In order to reduce vehicle frame length down to length component, the porcelain of circuit breaker 28 is than common weak point.Can shorten length owing to mentioned shield, owing to need not consider to drench with rain, so leakage path can be done shortlyer.

Top sub 38 is set to be connected to the contra adapter (not shown) on the cable termination 22, this contra adapter conductively-closed body 39 surrounds.The contra adapter of the pin insulator 40 carrying cable terminals 22 under pointing to.Between the antetheca 18 of shield 39 and shell 15, surge arrester 41 is set also, so that deal with dangerous overvoltage.

By control device 42, earthing device 43 is connected to the current path that enters through cable 3 through its joint 44, so that be connected to earth potential.

Shell antetheca 18 is provided with step-down hatch 45, by this hatch, can take away the overvoltage that enclosure arcing place occurs.

The metallic shield that is in the folding position 46 here is placed on the antetheca inboard, and metallic shield 46 is preferably the roller blind type.The shielding 46 of ground connection is handled by control device 47, can spread out along being arranged on two guide rails 48 on sidewall 20 inboards.After spreading out, shielding 46 separates the zone around the bus and other zones of enclosure.Shielding 46 also can be provided with in other modes outside the diagram, for example, is arranged on the top board 16 of assembly or vertically runs to nearest sidewall from farthest sidewall 20.Except adopting this type of roller blind, shielding also can be adopted the form of folding door.

Handle vehicle frame move the backward contra adapter 32 that disconnects bus 12 and the current path between the cable termination 22.Have only at that time, that is, when electric current be disconnected and vehicle frame move to assembly in other equipment disconnect the position time, could handle earthing device 43, make its joint 44 be connected to the contra adapter of cable termination 22, thereby the current path of lead-in cable 3 is connected with earth potential.In this position,, therefore metallic shield 46 can be pulled out shielding bus 12 owing to the frame of pulling a cart to rear wall 19.Unless cable termination 22 ground connection and pull back vehicle frame, otherwise can not spread out shielding.

Door 21 only just can be opened when shielding 46 is in this expanded position, so the maintenance personal can enter the enclosure space, but can not enter the zone that is covered.If necessary, vehicle frame just can roll out shell now.

Figure 11 schematically shows the assembly similar with Figure 10, but has outside bus.Among the figure, assembly also is connected with earth cable and is provided with cable termination 22b.As mentioned above, vehicle frame circuit breaker 14 ' can in assembly, advance and be provided with the lower contact 62 of stube cable terminal 22b.Its top connection 63 is connected to the punching conduit 50 of drawing from bow collector isolating switch 10, so that be connected with outside bus (not shown) on the bow collector isolating switch or disconnect, shown in Figure 4 and 5.Isolating switch 10 is by independent rotating insulated sub 60 manipulations in punching conduit next door.In this example, use the punching conduit 50 of type.Rotatablely moving of control device 64 control insulators 60, motion is sent to the gear box 65 of bow collector isolating switch.When current path was opened, the earthing device 66 that control device 67 is handled made lead-in cable be connected to earth potential cable termination 22b ground connection.When current path was opened, this earthing device 68 was moved down into the contra adapter 70 of punching conduit device 69 and contacts, thereby the latter is connected to earth potential.In the present embodiment, also be provided with the surge arrester (not shown) to deal with dangerous overvoltage.

Figure 12 shows another embodiment that handles bow collector isolating switch 10.By being placed on punching conduit central authorities and stretching out the Spin Control bar of sheath top plate 16, isolating switch 10 is connected with bus 6 or disconnects from bus 6.

Figure 17 shows the embodiment of the assembly with outside bus (not shown), and as shown in figure 11, it is connected with punching conduit 50 through bow collector isolating switch 10, and is same, and punching conduit 50 is subjected to rotating insulated sub 60 to handle.In the embodiment of Figure 13, shell is connected to overhead wire 79, rather than resembles and be connected to earth cable Figure 11.

The HV Terminal 76 that isolating switch is drawn overhead wire by circuit breaker 71 is connected with 75 with conductively-closed terminal 74.HV Terminal 76 is arranged on the punching conduit/isolating switch/earthing device (LDE) 78 of combination.Describe the mode that is grounded by bar 87 in detail below in conjunction with Figure 18.Only when being in its open position, circuit breaker 71 could handle bow collector isolating switch 10 and LDE.Circuit breaker terminal 74 is connected to earth potential by earthing device 72, and earthing device 72 is handled by device 73, and this can only just can carry out when LDE HV Terminal ground connection.Only all just allow to enter assembly during ground connection at two terminals.

Figure 18 shows the punching conduit/isolating switch/earthing device 78 that makes up among Figure 17.

LDE unit 78 comprises insulating sleeve 81, is used for by sheath top plate 16.At inside pipe casing, extend downwards the extension 86 of HV Terminal 80, terminates in joint 82.Removable joint 83 is placed on the rotatable screw rod 87, and screw rod upwards stretches in the insulating sleeve 81, and described joint 83 is connected with HV Terminal 76.By control device 84 screw rod 87 is rotated, it is moved up or down.Shown in screw rod 87 be in its position topmost, on this position, joint 82 is connected with 83, makes electric current send into HV Terminal 76 from overhead wire 79.Screw rod be earth terminal 85 bottom, in this example, shown in earth terminal do not contact with screw rod 87.

By rotary screw 87, screw rod 87 can from shown in the position move downward, make joint 83 separate with joint 82, therefore, overhead wire disconnects from HV Terminal 76.At this lower position, the lower ends downward of screw rod 87 moves to earth terminal and contacts, and makes HV Terminal 76 ground connection.

Equipment in the segmented assemblies shown in Fig. 8 and 9 preferably also is supported on the vehicle frame of advancing.According to the principles of construction vehicle frame sectionalizer 13 same with the described vehicle frame circuit breaker of Figure 10, thus at this also with reference to Figure 10.

Be used to connect that same joint should be maintenance free on the vehicle frame sectionalizer of internal bus and joint on the vehicle frame circuit breaker and the bus, promptly do not have movable part.Figure 13 shows the example that how to design vehicle frame circuit breaker joint and contra adapter.Circuit breaker 28 ' on joint 31 ' be matrix, the contra adapter 32 on the bus 12 ' be convex.Joint 31 ' pawl be provided with contact device 51, when contra adapter 32 ' insertion, contact device 51 ejects.

Figure 14 shows another embodiment of maintenance free joint and contra adapter.In this embodiment, also taked measure to keep size of components as much as possible little, so that obtain the switchyard of compact conformation.Compact conformation causes the interior field intensity of air distance from the high pressure to ground high and even relatively.Therefore, the contra adapter 32 of bus 12 " surrounds with insulation shielding 52 in the present embodiment.

" when contacting, shielding 52 just is surrounded these, prevents the contact sparking that the triggering arcing causes between joint and ground when circuit breaker 28 " joint 31 " moves to and bus contra adapter 32.Insulation shielding 52 can also be designed to help in attended operation joint to be imported the tram.

Be convenient to keep another as far as possible little device of size of components as shown in figure 15.Among the figure, the wall 18 that lead-in cable 3 passes metal shell arrives cable termination 22 ".The cable that becket is arranged on the cable termination inner end is electrically connected on every side and with the end, makes ring 56 obtain high-voltage potential.The ring 56 and shell wall 18 between is more similar ring 57,58, tie up and receive cable termination 22 " insulating surface 59.Therefore, these rings of back are on the floating potential.The high pressure of these rings 56,57,58 is passed in field distribution and the capacitive character between the ground is controlled.Therefore, reduced cable termination 22 " pressure cone 61 around the stress at vulnerable point place.This cable termination embodiment adds that the controlled environment of component internal makes it can do shortlyer than common component.

As mentioned above, when using internal bus, bus is made by aluminum pipe.In another embodiment shown in Figure 16, bus 12 ' form by cable termination 53a-f.When cable termination used in pairs, the supporting insulator 54 that they are installed on the shell antetheca surrounded.

With a kind of free junction capacitance potentiometer measuring voltage of special band shielding, the benefit of this potentiometer is to be significantly smaller than the conventional voltage meter, therefore is applicable in the assembly of the present invention and does not increase the size of assembly.It is energy measurement fast transient state also.This potentiometer has description in Swedish patent application 9602785-9.

In order to eliminate the temperature and the condensation problem that may occur in specific open air application, assembly is provided with double wall, is provided with insulation between the double wall.

Claims (40)

1. a high voltage switchyard comprises a plurality of electric equipments, it is characterized in that, but described switchyard constitute by Connection Element, wherein at least two elements comprise grounded metal enclosure (1), at least one electric equipment is enclosed in the metal shell.

2. high voltage switchyard according to claim 1, wherein, element internal has direct channel and leads to the switchyard outside.

3. high voltage switchyard according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, at least some metal shell (1) each surround an independent electric equipment.

4. according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-3, wherein, each metal shell (1) only surrounds and a mutually relevant electric equipment.

5. according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-4, wherein, each metal shell (1) shape is essentially parallel epipedic box.

6. high voltage switchyard according to claim 5, wherein, described box is placed closely together, one is placed on another upper layer and gathers into folds to the height of three boxes, wherein, each that is placed in three boxes that another upper layer gathers into folds all comprise with line on the relevant electric equipment of homophase not.

7. according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-5, be provided with the bus (6,7,8) that is positioned at the metal shell outside.

8. according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-6, be provided with the bus (12) that passes metal shell.

9. according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-8, be provided with the device (4) that is connected to overhead wire.

10. according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-8, be provided with the device (22) that is connected to earth cable (3).

11. according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-10, wherein, the electric equipment that at least one described metal shell (1) is enclosed in wherein comprises the assembly that is essentially preprocessing in addition.

12., be provided with and keep the member (90) of crossing air pressure in the shell (1), and have the filter (92) that the air that offers shell is carried out filtering according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-11.

13. according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-12, wherein, the equipment that each shell (1) is enclosed in wherein in addition constitutes switch module, and switchyard is by at least two kinds of dissimilar assembly (1c, 1d, 1e) at least two assemblies with one of them type constitute.

14., comprise control element (93) away from the metal shell location according to each described high voltage switchyard among the claim 1-13, be arranged on the transducer in the metal shell, and the signal transmitter between transducer and the control element (94).

15. a switchgear assemblies that uses in each described switchyard in claim 1-14 is characterized in that, assembly comprises the metal shell (1) with an independent compartment and wherein surrounds air-insulated electric equipment.

16. switchgear assemblies according to claim 15 has the device (4,78) that is connected to overhead wire (5).

17. switchgear assemblies according to claim 15 has the device (22) that is connected to earth cable (3).

18. it is, wherein, wherein one mutually relevant in described equipment and the triple line according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-17.

19., be provided with the device (10) that is connected to outside bus (6,7,8) according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-18.

20. switchgear assemblies according to claim 18, wherein, described device comprises at least one bow collector isolating switch (10).

21., comprise at least one section (12) of the bus that is enclosed in the shell according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-20.

22. switchgear assemblies according to claim 21, wherein, described section (12) terminates in the passage place of passing one of them shell wall, and insulation shielding (49) is set on passage.

23. switchgear assemblies according to claim 22 wherein, is provided with insulating barrier (55) around the bus part, described insulating barrier stretches out short distance from described shielding.

24. switchgear assemblies according to claim 21, wherein, described section comprises at least one cable termination (53a).

25., comprise vehicle frame (14) according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-24.

26., comprise to being maneuvered to and open or the steerable shield member (15,46) of make position that in make position, a part and another part of component internal are kept apart according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-25.

27. switchgear assemblies according to claim 26, wherein, described part of being gone by screening covers described bus (12) section.

28., be provided with people of permission and enter the door (2 of component internal according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-26; 21).

29. switchgear assemblies according to claim 28, when depending on claim 27, wherein, door (2; 21) only at shield member (15; 46) be in the close position Shi Caineng and be opened, just may enter another part of described component internal.

30., wherein, only disconnect and vehicle frame just can be thought shield member (15 when beinging maneuvered to the position that other equipment are kept apart in bus (12) and the assembly at electric current according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 26-29; 46) be in the close position.

31. according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-30, wherein, metal shell (1) essence is parallel epipedic shape box.

32., wherein, belong to and have at least one to be moveable part not in the joint (31 ') of equipment and the contra adapter (32 ') according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-31.

33., wherein, belong in the joint (31 ") of equipment and the contra adapter (32 ") and have an insulation shielding (52) that has around joint member at least according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-32.

34. according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-33, comprise the cable termination that is positioned at component internal (22 ") and forms; first hardware (56) is electrically connected with cable (3) in the insulating material end away from wall (18); at least one additional metal element (57; 58) is set between wall (18) and described first hardware (56) by the insulating material that the wall (18) from shell extends; described additional metal element (57; 58) both with the electric isolation of described first hardware (56), again with the electric isolation of wall (18).

35. according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-34, wherein, in component internal potentiometer is set, described potentiometer is capacitive and does not have joint.

36., but build as the preprocessing element according to each described switchgear assemblies among the claim 15-35.

37. switchgear assemblies according to claim 16, wherein, described device comprises the composition element that is used for punching conduit, isolation and ground connection.

38. according to the described switchgear assemblies of claim 37, wherein, described composition element comprises the insulator (81) that wall part from assembly (16) stretches out, with the permanent joint in the insulator (81) that the secondary terminal of receiving overhead wire (71) (80) is connected, and joint (83) that can in insulator, move and the secondary terminal (76) that is connected to component internal, move described removable joint (83) by the axially movable conducting rod (87) that in insulator (81), extends, when joint (82, when 83) contacting, described bar is isolated with ground, when joint (82,83) when not contacting, described rod grounded.

39. build the method for high voltage switchyard, it is characterized in that the local at least assembly by each define styles among the claim 15-38 of switchyard constitutes, the equipment in the assembly links together, metal shell ground connection.

40. according to the described method of claim 39, wherein, some assembly that is sent to the switchyard place is preprocessing and tested at least.

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