CN1251580C - Multifunction network type automatic irrigation method and its device - Google Patents
Multifunction network type automatic irrigation method and its device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multifunctional network type automatic irrigation method and a device thereof. The method comprises a working mode of a multifunctional network type automatic irrigation managing system and a design of a managing system software module 1, wherein the working mode is that irrigation is carried out with fixed quantity at fixed time according to soil moisture and a previously established irrigation schedule, and the design of the managing system software module 1 comprises initial parameters, automatic operation, random operation, operating state, history data and fault alarm and processing. The device is formed by orderly connecting a PC with a central controller, a communication repeater and an irrigation sampling controller. The irrigation method and the device of the present invention can greatly improve the automation level of irrigation, save labor and material, reduce irrigation cost and increase agricultural comprehensive benefit. Simultaneously, lots of historical data can be obtained, comprehensive scientific research to the growing process of crops can be carried out for a long time, and due contribution to agricultural development is performed. The present invention is suitable for use within a range from 1 kilometer to 5 kilometers to save irrigation water.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to network type automatic irrigation method and device thereof, particularly agreeable can be with the automatic irrigation method and the device thereof of the process of pouring water online storage in the plant growth overall process.
Two, background technology
The external automatic controller for irrigating that has come into the market, its function is all more single, all is the switching process with 8～128 magnetic valves that discharge water of a controller control.The control mode that discharges water mostly is the timing irrigation mode greatly, and individual product has the ability that connects the soil moisture content measuring transducer.Typical product has U.S. rain bird (Rainbird), Nelson (Nilsen), the relevant automatic controller of pouring water of the Nai Tefeimu of Israel (Netafim) Ai Erjia (Elgal), America and Europe (Ometz) and Motorola's productions such as (Motorola) now, wherein more advanced product have the function of concentrated wireless remotecontrol control.Through data-searching, be not support also at present abroad with the network technology, possess multiple irrigation method simultaneously, and can be with the automatic irrigation management system of the online storage of the process of pouring water.
Domestic relevant with native system and product that appeared on the market has various automatic controller for irrigating, irrigation auto-control system has similarity with the NT-2 type of Nanjing Soil Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences and the wireless remote control irrigation auto-control system and the native system of State Water-Saving Irrigation Yangling Engrg. Tech. Research Center, but there is function singleness in it, do not form the preservation of comprehensive, the process of the pouring water data of simple and direct networking technology, irrigation method, the defectives such as convenient, flexible property of the multifunctionality of field module and increase and decrease module.
Three, summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of network technology of utilizing, improve the irrigation management technical merit, save irrigation water, the network type automatic irrigation method of controlling automatically.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of device of realizing network type automatic irrigation method.
The technical scheme that realizes goal of the invention is to solve like this: comprise that the discharge water switch timing irrigation method and the wireless remote control of magnetic valve of controller control control irrigation method automatically, the progress that the present invention gives prominence to is network type automatic irrigation method, also comprises the steps:
A, network type automatic irrigation management system working method
Network type automatic irrigation management system has automatic control operation and manually controls two kinds of working methods of operation:
Automatically the setting of working method is irrigated in monitoring
A. quantitative water supply irrigation method
Summation according to each catchment area needs amount of pouring water in the group of once pouring water, detect output by the flowmeter that is installed on the trunk line, when the water yield by trunk line when requiring irrigation quantity to equate, stopping this group pours water, the time interval of at every turn pouring water is imported when crop is sowed, and can revise at any time;
B. Timing water supply irrigation method
According to the experience of crop genetics, the time opening water adding system supplies water to crop, supplies water to after the time of setting, and stops to pour water, and the time interval of at every turn pouring water should be imported when crop is sowed, and can revise at any time;
C. pour water according to soil moisture
Soil water potential water content sensor in being arranged on land for growing field crops or booth is measured and is obtained the lower limit that crop requires soil moisture content, open water adding system is poured water to this canopy crop, when soil moisture content meets the requirements of in limited time, perhaps pour water continue setting-up time after, stop to supply water, in this manner, also can be according to the plantation subregion of crop, record after the value of each moisture transducer in the district, determine whether to pour water to this growing area through comprehensive judgement;
D. pour water according to the irrigation program of the various crops that pre-establish
According to a large amount of testing datas of past, work out out irrigation program-irrigation period, irrigating water quota, the frequency of irrigation of the various crop time of infertility or growing stage, and to be stored in the PC before crop sowing be in the automatic monitored control system of core, in process of crop growth, monitoring system is irrigated from this crop water distribution of trend by irrigation program;
B, the design of network type automatic irrigation management system software
The historical data of four kinds of irrigation methods as requested, two kinds of working methods and the storage of corresponding initial parameter, irrigation process is handled, and system is divided into following module:
A, irrigation parameter initialization: be used for irrigation method and corresponding irrigation time to irrigation subarea or each greenhouse, irrigation time at interval, duty is imported or is revised, and irrigating parameter generally is disposable input when crop-planting, allows the user in crop growth period parameter to be made amendment;
B, automatic working method: automatically in the working method, the irrigation method of each irrigation object can be different, can select quantifying irrigation, timing irrigation, the flow of water to irrigate and a kind of in four kinds of irrigation methods irrigated in customization, in same operation screen, can different irrigation methods be set or same irrigation object be carried out the setting of irrigation method in the different phase of crop growth period the Different Irrigation object, in this working method, reserve the software module interface that environmental temperature, humidity and carbonic acid gas are measured;
C, working method at random: working method comprises quantifying irrigation and two kinds of irrigation methods of timing irrigation at random, can irrigate object in same Hua Mian different irrigation methods is set each;
D, duty shows: in system's running, can show and respectively irrigate the object current working state, if irrigating object pours water, when mouse moves to its position and presses mouse, dynamically pop-up window is described the process of pouring water in the animation mode in screen, the reflection irrigation method, the plantation content, pour water the time started, current time pour water progress or the remaining temporal information of irrigation process, hidden state display window when mouse leaves, do not irrigate or waiting for irrigation next time if be not in, then show the situation that irrigated last time, irrigation method, plant plant, irrigate the time of beginning next time, for flow of water irrigation method, show that the irrigation situation is that current water content is being irrigated the parameter upper limit, position between lower limit, to represent the current process or the situation of water content when wait for irrigating of pouring water, all online mode is adopted in the demonstration of duty, the not operation of detachment system, directly in the operation picture, dynamically show, hidden state information in the time of need not showing avoids the in disorder and picture of picture to switch cause operational loaded down with trivial details;
The user obtains some or some the irrigation object duty of current time easily in the time of can moving in system;
E, irrigation process historical data: be used to store the irrigation situation of object of irrigating at different times, comprise the crop species information of irrigation method, irrigation time started, irrigation duration, irrigation object, be stored in the position that system stipulates with file mode automatically at system's run duration;
F, historical data handle: the processing of historical data is divided into browses and print, browse or print object can be a certain irrigation object or a certain irrigation object at a time between irrigation situation in the section, output content comprises the total data item of history data file;
G, fault alarm and processing: when system breaks down as the control of certain object being lost efficacy or when data transmission fault takes place, the current error situation of system log (SYSLOG) also carries out fault alarm, show the position that fault takes place, and close control, so that carry out trouble hunting the fault origination point;
The device of multifunctional network formula automatic irrigation method, comprise that Industrial PC Computer passes through the RS-232 bus and connect a network type automatic irrigation central controller, the central controller that comprises software program connects communication relays respectively by the RS-185 bus again, and its communication relays connects respectively by the RS-185 bus again irrigates sampling controller 1-1, sampling controller 1-2, sampling controller 1-32, sampling controller 2-1, sampling controller 2-2, sampling controller 2-32, sampling controller 32-1, sampling controller 32-2 sampling controller 32-32; One end of above-mentioned said central controller is connected with EBI is reversible, EBI is reversible to be connected with microprocessor, microprocessor also is connected with keyboard, clock signal, numbering display respectively, one end of numbering display connects magnetic valve start and stop display, its other end divides two-way to be connected detection operation display and display is set, and also comprises a power supply simultaneously; Said communication relays comprises microprocessor, and microprocessor is connected with EBI and clock signal display; Said sampling controller 1-1, sampling controller 1-2, sampling controller 1-32, sampling controller 2-1, sampling controller 2-2, sampling controller 2-32, sampling controller 32-1, all be connected with a microprocessor on the sampling controller 32-2 sampling controller 32-32, its microprocessor is connected with the first photoelectricity isolation drive switching value output signal again respectively, the coding configuration switch, clock signal, EBI, house dog (WATCH DOG), the second photoelectricity isolation drive switching value output signal, ale signal is frequency division again, analog-to-digital conversion, analog-to-digital conversion again respectively with ale signal again frequency division be connected with sensor input signal, the first photoelectricity isolation drive switching value output signal also is connected with the solenoid control relay, has also connected a power supply simultaneously; Industrial PC Computer by six the tunnel respectively with system operating instruction, historical data processing, random walk mode, automatically the method for operation, be provided with and irrigate parameter, the plantation subregion is set is connected, automatically the method for operation is divided two-way again, the one road is irrigated with timing irrigation, quantifying irrigation, the flow of water respectively, customization is irrigated interface and is connected another road and temperature, humidity, CO
2Interface connects, the random walk mode divides two-way to be connected with timing irrigation, quantifying irrigation interface, historical data is handled and is also divided two-way to be connected with browsing data, data printing interface, and system's operating instruction divides three the tunnel to be connected with operational procedure, time sequential routine, operation instruction interface respectively.
The present invention compared with prior art, it be adopt networking technology to polylith land for growing field crops or a plurality of greenhouse implement automatic irrigation or manually control irrigate; Can adopt simultaneously quantitative water supply irrigation or Timing water supply to irrigate or irrigate or irrigate according to the irrigation program of the various crops that pre-establish according to soil moisture; Also can adopt the above-mentioned mode that two or more combines to irrigate.Parameter disposable being input in the program when crop-planting such as the irrigation time in the irrigation process, irrigation time interval, irrigation quantity, education changes to parameter in crop growth period also can to allow the user.The present invention has the historical data processing of depositing Chu, irrigating overall process and record, animation demonstration, the fault alarm of selection, the initial parameter of irrigation method, perfect online help, the wired or wireless characteristics that are connected etc., being useful in 1 kilometer uses to 5 kilometer range, realize the saving irrigation water, improved economic and social benefit.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an irrigation management apparatus structure schematic block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 draws schematic block diagram for the central controller knot of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 draws schematic block diagram for the communication relays knot of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 draws schematic block diagram for the irrigation sampling controller knot of Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 draws schematic block diagram for the systemic-function knot of Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 3;
Fig. 8 is personal control circuit theory diagrams A;
Fig. 9 is personal control circuit theory diagrams B;
Figure 10 is personal control circuit theory diagrams C;
Figure 11 is personal control circuit theory diagrams D.
Five, embodiment
Accompanying drawing is specific embodiments of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing particular content of the present invention is described further:
With reference to shown in Figure 1, the device of network automatic irrigation method, comprise that Industrial PC Computer 1 connects a network type automatic irrigation central controller 2 by the RS-232 bus, the central controller 2 that comprises software program connects communication relays 3 respectively by the RS-185 bus again, 4,11, its communication relays 3,4,11 connect irrigation sampling controller 5 respectively by the RS-185 bus again, sampling controller 6, sampling controller 7, sampling controller 8, sampling controller 9, sampling controller 10, sampling controller 12, sampling controller 13, sampling controller 14, the corresponding temperature that all is connected with on each sampling controller, humidity, the CO2 concentration sensor.
Network type automatic irrigation management system central controller 2 is undertaken by communication relays 3,4,11 with communicating by letter of irrigation sampling controller 5-14, irrigation system central controller 2 will reach communication relays 3,4,11 earlier under the control information, communication relays 3,4,11 is irrigated sampling controller 5-14 with reaching under this information again.The signal that communication relays 3,4,11 elder generations reception irrigation system central controller 2 is sent also converts thereof into effective information, carries out identification, the verification of Frame again, will pass or be uploaded to corresponding irrigation sampling controller 5-14 under this information then.The information transmission of irrigation system central controller 2 and communication relays 3,4,11, in most of the cases, because the area of whole irrigated area is bigger, signal transmission distance is also corresponding far away, and the multiple implementation that comprises radio communication and fiber optic communication can be selected to adopt by this system on the signal load mode.If central controller 2 is irrigated the wiring distance of sampling controller 5-14 in the 1000m scope with each, and the quantity of irrigating sampling controller 5-14 is no more than 32, central controller 2 can also adopt the RS-285 bus directly to be connected with each communication of irrigating sampling controller 5-14, and this mode cost is lower and be easy to install.
In this example, can connect 32 repeaters at most, every communication relays can connect 32 irrigation sampling controllers at most.This configuration is commonly used under general external environment, and the connection of RS-485 communication bus is simpler, and reliability is also higher.Externally environment is good, and under the less situation of electromagnetic interference, central controller connects the maximum number of communication relays and every communication relays and connects the number of irrigating sampling controller and also can suitably increase, in the hope of reaching the highest utilization rate of equipment and installations.Under the necessary situation, central controller can also be undertaken by wireless transmission method with communicating by letter of communication relays, and the wireless data transmission radio station that only need to increase respective numbers this moment gets final product.Central controller also can adopt optical fiber with communicating by letter of communication relays, needs to increase the fiber optic communication modem this moment.
Shown in Figure 2, one end of central controller 2 and 15 reversible connections of EBI, EBI 15 is reversible to be connected with microprocessor 22, microprocessor 22 also is connected with keyboard 23, clock signal 21, numbering display 19 respectively, one end of numbering display 19 connects magnetic valve start and stop display 20, its other end divides two-way to be connected detection operation display 18 and display 17 is set, and also comprises a power supply 16 simultaneously.
Shown in Figure 3, comprise microprocessor 25, microprocessor 25 is connected with EBI 15 and clock signal display 24;
Shown in Figure 4, sampling controller 1-1, sampling controller 1-2, sampling controller 1-32, sampling controller 2-1, sampling controller 2-2, sampling controller 2-32, sampling controller 32-1, all be connected with a microprocessor 32 respectively on the sampling controller 32-2 sampling controller 32-32, its microprocessor 32 is connected with the first photoelectricity isolation drive switching value output signal 27 again respectively, coding configuration switch 29, clock signal 30, EBI 15, house dog (WATCH DOG) 31, the second photoelectricity isolation drive switching value output signal 33, ale signal is frequency division 34 again, analog-to-digital conversion 35, analog-to-digital conversion 35 again respectively with ale signal again frequency division 34 be connected with sensor input signal 36, the first photoelectricity isolation drive switching value output signal 27 also is connected with solenoid control relay 26, has also connected a power supply 28 simultaneously.
Shown in Figure 5, Industrial PC Computer 1 handles 38 with system operating instruction 37, historical data respectively by six the tunnel again, random walk mode 39, automatically the method for operation 40, be provided with and irrigate parameter 41, plantation subregion 42 is set is connected, automatically the method for operation 40 is divided two-way again, the one road respectively with timing irrigation 43, quantifying irrigation, 44, the flow of water is irrigated 45, is customized and irrigate the connection of 46 interfaces, another road and temperature, humidity, CO
247 interfaces connect, 39 fens two-way of random walk mode are connected with timing irrigation 48, quantifying irrigation 49 interfaces, historical data processing 38 also divides two-way and browsing data 50, data to print 51 interfaces and is connected, and system's operating instruction was connected with operational procedure 52, time sequential routine 53, operation instruction 54 interfaces respectively in 37 minutes three the tunnel.
Fig. 6 is the sampling controller circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 4,3 road alternating voltages after the power transformer conversion are imported by socket PN6, the 1 the tunnel through rectifier bridge B1, filter capacitor E3, C17, voltage-stablizer V1, capacitor C 16 are formed mu balanced circuit, for system provides stabilized power source VCC and GND, this power supply is supplied with U1, U11, U9, U7 and U10 etc. respectively.The 2 the tunnel through rectifier bridge B2, and filter capacitor E2, C12, voltage-stablizer V2, capacitor C 13 are formed mu balanced circuit, for system provides stabilized power source+12V and GN12.Voltage stabilizing obtains one group+5V voltage to this power supply through voltage-stablizer V4 again.Should+12V voltage also passes through by capacitor C 5, integrated circuit U4, and the voltage conversion circuit that diode D3 and capacitor C 6 are formed is converted to-12V voltage.Should-12V voltage passes through voltage-stablizer V5 voltage stabilizing again, obtains one group-5V voltage.Obtain like this+12V ,+5V, GN12 ,-5V, each voltage of-12V is all supplied with the U2 in simulated measurement input circuit and the A/D change-over circuit, U5, U8, N4 etc.The 3 the tunnel through rectifier bridge B3, and filter capacitor E4, C9, voltage-stablizer V3, capacitor C 10 are formed mu balanced circuit, and for system provides stabilized power source VDD and VSS, this power supply is supplied with switching value input circuit and relay output circuit respectively.Integrated circuit U1 is a single-chip microcomputer.Capacitor C 3, C4, crystal oscillator JZ2 forms oscillating circuit, for U1 provides the clock source.Integrated circuit U3, resistance 14, capacitor C 2, short circuit socket PN8 forms monitoring/reset circuit, for U1 provides reset signal.Phase inverter U11A, integrated circuit U7, capacitor C 11, resistance R 5, short circuit socket PN11 forms TTL to RS-485 level shifting circuit, links to each other with U1.Resistance R 21, light emitting diode L1 forms serial communication and receives indicating circuit, links to each other with U7.Resistance R 22, light emitting diode L2 forms serial communication and sends indicating circuit, links to each other with U7.Resistance R 14, R32, triode N3 and loudspeaker SPK form news and ring warning circuit, link to each other with U1.Row's resistance PN7, RN2 are the port pull-up resistor, link to each other with U1.U10 is a controller logic address selection switch group, links to each other with U1.Counter U9 is connected to/4 frequency dividing circuits, links to each other with U1, and frequency division is after phase inverter U11F, and resistance R 33 links to each other with A/D converter U2 with optocoupler U13.A/D converter U2, resistance R 35, R11, R10, R29, R30, capacitor C 7, C8, C14, diode D13 forms the A/D change-over circuit.Resistance g9, potentiometer RW2, capacitor C 24 is formed the reference voltage source circuits, for U2 and U8 provide reference voltage.Operational amplifier U5, resistance R 15, R1-R3, capacitor P N4, potentiometer RW5, RW1, diode D11, D12 forms the analog signal input amplifying circuit, links to each other with U2.Operational amplifier U8, resistance R I, RF, RW, R23, R21, capacitor C 18, triode N4 forms the external reference power circuit, and PN2 links to each other with socket.
Shown in Figure 7, the alternating voltage after the power transformer conversion is by socket PN2 input, and through rectifier bridge B2, filter capacitor E2, C10, voltage-stablizer V1, electric capacity E1, C11 form mu balanced circuit, for system provides stabilized power source VCC and GND.Resistance R 7, light emitting diode L3 forms power indicating circuit, is connected in parallel on system power supply VCC and GND two ends.Integrated circuit U1 is a single-chip microcomputer.Capacitor C 1, C2, crystal oscillator JZ forms oscillating circuit, for U1 provides the clock source.Integrated circuit U4, resistance R 2, capacitor C 8, short circuit socket PN4 forms monitoring/reset circuit, for U1 provides reset signal.Integrated circuit U5 is the communication scheduling logic circuit, links to each other with U1.Integrated circuit U2, capacitor C 3, resistance R 3, short circuit socket PN3 forms TTL to RS-485 level shifting circuit, links to each other with U5.Integrated circuit U3, capacitor C 9, resistance R 4, short circuit socket PN5 forms TTL to RS-485 level shifting circuit, links to each other with U5.Resistance R 1, light emitting diode L1 forms serial communication and receives indicating circuit, links to each other with U5.Resistance R 5, light emitting diode L2 forms serial communication and sends indicating circuit, links to each other with U5.Capacitor C 4-C6 forms the uncoupling circuit, is connected in parallel on system power supply VCC and GND two ends everywhere at circuit.Socket PN1 is the current EBIs of two groups of RS-485 serials.
Shown in Figure 8, the alternating voltage after the power transformer conversion is by socket PN5 input, and through rectifier bridge B3, filter capacitor E3, C9, voltage-stablizer V2, electric capacity E2, C10 form mu balanced circuit, for system provides stabilized power source VCC and GND.Resistance R 3, light emitting diode L1 forms power indicating circuit, is connected in parallel on system power supply VCC and GND two ends.Integrated circuit U1 is a single-chip microcomputer.Capacitor C 3, C8, crystal oscillator JZ2 forms oscillating circuit, for U1 provides the clock source.Integrated circuit U2, resistance R 2, capacitor C 2, short circuit socket PN4 forms monitoring/reset circuit, for U1 provides reset signal.NAND gate U1C, U1D, U5A-U5D form the serial communication signal transmission circuit, link to each other with U1.Row's resistance PN3 is the port pull-up resistor, links to each other with U1.Integrated circuit U10 is the LPT expanded circuit, links to each other with U1.Row's resistance R N1, RN5 are the port pull-up resistor, link to each other with U10.Integrated circuit U7, NAND gate U1A, U1B form display driver circuit, link to each other with U1.NAND gate U8B-U8D, 8 parallel-by-bits transmitting-receiving data circuit U6,8-3 coding circuit U4, U11 forms the keyboard input circuit, links to each other with U1.Row's resistance R N2-RN4 is the port pull-up resistor, links to each other with the keyboard input circuit.Capacitor C 1-C7 forms the keyboard input filter circuit, links to each other with U6.Capacitor C 11-C20 forms the uncoupling circuit, is connected in parallel on system power supply VCC and GND two ends everywhere at circuit.Socket J3 links to each other with U7 for showing output.Socket J2 links to each other with U1O for the output of keyboard matrix signal.Socket PN1 links to each other with U4, U11 for the input of keyboard matrix signal.Socket J1 is a communication port, links to each other with U1, U5.
Shown in Figure 9, the alternating voltage after the power transformer conversion is by socket PN2 input, and through rectifier bridge B1, filter capacitor E3, C1, voltage-stablizer V1, electric capacity E2, C2 form mu balanced circuit, for system provides stabilized power source VCC and GND.Resistance R 3, light emitting diode L3 forms power indicating circuit, is connected in parallel on system power supply VCC and GND two ends.Socket PN1 is a RS-232 serial communication bus interface, links to each other with PC by external cable, links to each other with U1 in inside.Phase inverter U3B, resistance R 1, light emitting diode L1 forms serial communication and receives indicating circuit, links to each other with U1.Phase inverter U3C, resistance R 2, light emitting diode L2 forms serial communication and sends indicating circuit, links to each other with U1.Integrated circuit U1, capacitor C 3-C6 form RS-232 to the Transistor-Transistor Logic level change-over circuit, link to each other with K1, K2.Integrated circuit U2, capacitor C 7, resistance R 6 is formed TTL to RS-485 level shifting circuit, links to each other with K1, K2.Double-point double-throw switch K1, K2 are manual change-over switch.Socket PN4 is a RS-485 serial communication bus interface, links to each other with U2, links to each other with irrigation system communication relays or irrigation sampling controller by external cable.Socket PN3 is the personal control interface, links to each other with K1, K2, externally links to each other with J1 among the irrigation system personal control circuit theory diagrams A by cable.Capacitor C 8-C10 forms the uncoupling circuit, is connected in parallel on system power supply VCC and GND two ends everywhere at circuit.
Shown in Figure 10, light emitting diode nixie display S1-S8 forms 8 bit digital displays, and R1 is a current-limiting resistance, links to each other with the decimal point position of S1-S8, limits this digit current.Light emitting diode L1-L4 and S1-S8 are connected to display driver input socket J1 jointly.J1 links to each other with J3 among the irrigation system personal control circuit theory diagrams A by cable.
Shown in Figure 11, socket J2 is a signal input part, links to each other with the alignment IT0-IT17 of keyboard matrix, externally links to each other with J2 among the irrigation system personal control circuit theory diagrams A by cable.Socket PN1 is the keyboard scanning signal output, links to each other with the line IR0-IR17 of keyboard matrix, externally links to each other with PN1 among the irrigation system personal control circuit theory diagrams A by cable.Button K1-K288 forms keyboard matrix, links to each other with line IR0-IR17 with alignment IT0-IT17 respectively.
Adopt irrigation method of the present invention and device thereof, can improve the irrigation automation level greatly, save human and material resources, reduce and irrigate cost, increase overall efficiency of agriculture.Simultaneously, can also obtain a large amount of historical datas, for a long time the process of growth of crops be carried out omnibearing scientific research, for Agricultural Development is made due contribution.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of network automatic irrigation method comprises controller, discharge water magnetic valve and wired and wireless telecommunications, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
A. network type automatic irrigation management system working method
Network type automatic irrigation management system has automatic control operation and manually controls two kinds of working methods of operation:
Automatically the setting of working method is irrigated in monitoring
A, quantitative water supply irrigation method
Summation according to each catchment area needs amount of pouring water in the group of once pouring water, detect output by the flowmeter that is installed on the trunk line, when the water yield by trunk line when requiring irrigation quantity to equate, stopping this group pours water, the time interval of at every turn pouring water is imported when crop is sowed, and can revise at any time;
B. Timing water supply irrigation method
According to the need water requirement of crop, the time opening water adding system supplies water to crop, after the regular hour of supplying water, stops to pour water, and the time interval of at every turn pouring water should be imported when crop is sowed, and can revise at any time;
C. pour water according to soil moisture
Soil Moisture Sensor through being arranged on the field is measured and is obtained the lower limit that crop requires soil moisture content, open water adding system is poured water to this part crop, when soil moisture content meets the requirements of in limited time, after the certain time of perhaps pouring water, stop to supply water, in this manner, also can be according to the plantation subregion of crop, the value that records each moisture transducer in the district determines whether to pour water to this growing area through comprehensively judging later on;
D. pour water according to the irrigation program of the various crops that pre-establish
According to scientific methods, work out out the irrigation program of the various crop time of infertility or growing stage, comprise irrigation period, irrigating water quota, frequency of irrigation, and to be stored in the PC before crop sowing be in the automatic monitored control system of core, in process of crop growth, monitoring system is irrigated from this crop water distribution of trend by irrigation program;
B, the design of network type automatic irrigation management system software
Four kinds of irrigation methods as requested, two kinds of working methods and the storage of corresponding initial parameter, irrigation process and historical data are handled, and system is divided into following module:
A, irrigation parameter initialization: be used for irrigation method and corresponding irrigation time to irrigation subarea or each greenhouse, irrigation time at interval, duty is imported or is revised, and irrigating parameter generally is disposable input when crop-planting, allows the user in crop growth period parameter to be made amendment;
B, automatic working method: automatically in the working method, the irrigation method of each irrigation object can be different, can select quantifying irrigation, timing irrigation, the flow of water to irrigate and irrigate a kind of in four kinds of irrigation methods according to irrigation program, in same operation screen, can different irrigation methods be set or same irrigation object be carried out the setting of irrigation method in the different phase of crop growth period the Different Irrigation object, in this working method, reserve the software module interface that environmental temperature, humidity and carbonic acid gas are measured;
C, working method at random: the side of work comprises quantifying irrigation and two kinds of irrigation methods of timing irrigation at random, can irrigate object in same Hua Mian different irrigation methods is set each;
D, duty shows: in system's running, can show and respectively irrigate the object current working state, if irrigating object pours water, when mouse moves to its position and presses mouse, dynamically pop-up window is described the process of pouring water in the animation mode in screen, the reflection irrigation method, the plantation content, pour water the time started, current time pour water progress or the remaining temporal information of irrigation process, hidden state display window when mouse leaves, do not irrigate or waiting for irrigation next time if be not in, then show the situation that irrigated last time, irrigation method, crop species, irrigate the time of beginning next time, for flow of water irrigation method, show that the irrigation situation is that current water content is being irrigated the parameter upper limit, position between lower limit, to represent the current process or the situation of water content when wait for irrigating of pouring water, all online mode is adopted in the demonstration of duty, the not operation of detachment system, directly in the operation picture, dynamically show, hidden state information in the time of need not showing avoids the in disorder and picture of picture to switch cause operational loaded down with trivial details;
The user obtains some or some the irrigation object duty of current time easily in the time of can moving in system;
E, irrigation process historical data: be used to store the irrigation situation of object of irrigating at different times, comprise the crop species information of irrigation method, irrigation time started, irrigation duration, irrigation object, be stored in the position that system stipulates with file mode automatically at system's run duration;
F, historical data handle: the processing of historical data is divided into browses or print, browse or print object can be a certain irrigation object or a certain irrigation object at a time between irrigation situation in the section, output content comprises the total data item of history data file;
G, fault alarm and processing: when system breaks down as the control of certain object being lost efficacy or when data transmission fault takes place, the current error situation of system log (SYSLOG) also carries out fault alarm, show the position that fault takes place, and close control, so that carry out trouble hunting the fault origination point.
2, a kind of device that uses the described network automatic irrigation of claim 1 method, its feature comprises that Industrial PC Computer (1) connects a network automatic irrigation central controller (2) by the RS-232 bus, central controller (2) connects communication relays (4 respectively by the RS-185 bus again, 3,11), its communication relays (4,3,11) connect irrigation sampling controller (5) respectively by the RS-185 bus again, sampling controller (6), sampling controller (7), sampling controller (8), sampling controller (9), sampling controller (10), sampling controller (12), sampling controller (13) sampling controller (14); One end of above-mentioned said central controller (2) and reversible connection of EBI (15), EBI (15) is reversible to be connected with microprocessor (22), microprocessor (22) also is connected with keyboard (23), clock signal (21), numbering display (19) respectively, one end of numbering display (19) connects magnetic valve start and stop displays (20), its other end divides two-way to be connected detection operation display (18) and display (17) is set, and also connects a power supply (16) simultaneously; Said communication relays (3,4,11) comprises microprocessor (25), and microprocessor (25) is connected with EBI (15) and clock signal display (24); Said sampling controller (5), sampling controller (6), sampling controller (7), sampling controller (8), sampling controller (9), sampling controller (10), sampling controller (12), all be connected with a microprocessor (32) on sampling controller (13) sampling controller (14), its microprocessor (32) is connected with the first photoelectricity isolation drive switching value output signal (27) again respectively, coding configuration switch (29), clock signal (30), EBI (15), house dog (31), the second photoelectricity isolation drive switching value output signal (33), ale signal is frequency division (34) again, analog-to-digital conversion (35), analog-to-digital conversion (35) again respectively with ale signal again frequency division (34) be connected with sensor input signal (36), the first photoelectricity isolation drive switching value output signal (27) also is connected with solenoid control relay (26), has also connected a power supply (28) simultaneously; Industrial PC Computer (1) by six the tunnel respectively with system's operating instruction (37), historical data handle (38), random walk mode (39), automatically the method for operation (40), be provided with and irrigate parameter (41), plantation subregion (42) is set is connected, automatically the method for operation (40) is divided two-way again, (45) are irrigated with timing irrigation (43), quantifying irrigation (44), the flow of water respectively in the one road, customization is irrigated (46) interface and is connected another road and temperature, humidity, CO
2Interface (47) connects, random walk mode (39) divides two-way to be connected with timing irrigation (48), quantifying irrigation (49) interface, historical data is handled (38) and is also divided two-way to be connected with browsing data (50), data printing (51) interface, and system's operating instruction (37) divides three the tunnel to be connected with operational procedure (54), time sequential routine (54) interface respectively.
3, the device of network automatic irrigation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that being connected with the fiber optic communication modem between the two when central controller adopts fiber optic communication with communicating by letter of communication relays.
4, the device of network automatic irrigation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that being connected with the wireless data transmission radio station between the two when the signal of communication of central controller and communication relays transmits the employing radio communication.
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| RU2726542C1 (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2020-07-14 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Агрофизический научно-исследовательский институт" (ФГБНУ АФИ) | Device for differentiated irrigation of crops with simultaneous introduction of liquid mineral fertilizers |
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