CN1237028C - Prepn process of carpet type lawn substrate - Google Patents
Prepn process of carpet type lawn substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN1237028C CN1237028C CNB021560250A CN02156025A CN1237028C CN 1237028 C CN1237028 C CN 1237028C CN B021560250 A CNB021560250 A CN B021560250A CN 02156025 A CN02156025 A CN 02156025A CN 1237028 C CN1237028 C CN 1237028C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a preparation method of a carpet type lawn substrate from the key raw material of urban waste or agricultural waste, such as urban refuse, urban sludge, crop straw, livestock breeding waste, etc. The preparation method comprises the steps: a) composting waste to reach stabilized, sanitized, etc. treatment effect such as deodorization, stabilization, pathogenic bacterium and weed seed extermination, etc.; b) mixing 10 to 90% of waste compost treated through step a) with 1 to 2% of potash fertilizer (potassium chloride, potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate), and 3 to 10% of vermiculite; c) supplementing the rest components with loam or clay for raw material prepared in step b), and adding urea or other nitrogen fertilizers to regulate the C/N ratio of 10 to 35 in the substrate. The preparation method has obvious economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of preparation method of carpet turf matrix, relate in particular to a kind of method and composition of raw materials that utilizes waste to produce compounded turf matrix.
Background technology
Lawn Industry is an important industry, also is the important industry that China develops rapidly at present.It is with a wide range of applications at aspects such as urban afforestation, roadside greening, golf course greening, residential quarters greenings.Along with the fast development that turf is produced, generally adopt carpet turf both at home and abroad.Carpet turf planting and establishing method commonly used at present is: directly arable land upper seeding wheel grass-seed, treat to connect after grass grows up to the soil zone sod lifter and become the turf volume, transport to the city cover plant.This method can be easy to advantages such as loading transports, rate of loss is little, turf speed is fast, maintenance management is easy with becoming the turf volume on level ground to be laid immediately on the bare area, having.But, face several very important difficult problems in traditional turf production:
(1) turf production need be taken away the fertile topsoil of 3-5cm.After repeatedly producing turf, not only can need to increase in the turf production process and the rate of fertilizer application and the fertilizer application frequency of the turf after transplanting because of losing behind the fertile table soil; Meanwhile, lose table and also cause landform low-lying behind the soil, impeded drainage and cause ponding causes ecology and environmental problems such as Soil degradation easily.On the other hand, along with the plough sole of showing native continuous loss consolidation will make sod grass be difficult to take root, cause the drought tolerance of water retention capacity, fertilizer sucting ability and the sod grass of the long root layer of turf to descend, be easy to generate dehydration, take off problems such as fertilizer, have a strong impact on sod quality, even hinder the lasting production of turf.
(2) the turfgrass necessary for growth is constantly applied fertilizer, and common fertilizer is because fertilizer efficiency is short etc. former thereby make fertilizer input cost and cost of labor bigger.The special compounded turf matrix that adopts present technique to produce then can guarantee for fertile steady, lasting, at process of growth mesostroma stably liberating nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micronutrient, continue to replenish sod grass grow needed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element supply, reduce the rate of fertilizer application and the fertilizer application frequency of turf maintenance, thereby improve the quality of turf, reduce the work-ing life of maintenance cost and turf.
From the point of view of environment protection analysis; waste pollution is a very outstanding environmental problem; municipal wastes, municipal sludge, agricultural crop straw, aquaculture waste the like waste pollute all very serious at home and abroad, but still lack economical, feasible processing and method of disposal so far.In fact, these organic solid castoffs (as municipal sludge and feces of livestock and poultry) are rich in organic matter and nutrient, are a kind of good sources of manure behind the process composting.Result of study for many years according to the present application people, adopt through the rotten organic castoff compost of heap and produce the blanket type compounded turf matrix, not only can provide a large amount of organic matters and fertilizer, play the effect of the physico-chemical property of improving the soil, make loosing soil, ventilative, have good water conservation, protect fertilizer and nutrient supplying capability energy, improve the quality of turf, significantly manpower and material inputs such as the fertilising of reduction turf production, irrigation make the material input of its production, later stage maintenance and handling cost reduce 40-80%; And the turf weight of producing is lighter, convenient carrying and transportation, can significantly reduce simultaneously rate of fertilizer application, fertilizer application frequency, irrigation volume and frequency of irrigation after turf is transplanted, fertile, the water saving of joint, make that fertilizer application frequency reduces more than 80%, irrigation frequency reduces more than 50%, reduce the production of turf and the maintenance cost in later stage, avoid the lawn excessive fertilization and irrigate the problem of environmental pollution that is caused.Therefore, adopt treated castoff compost to produce compounded turf matrix, can alleviate the weight of turf volume, have conserve water, fertile resource, reduce pollution by chemical fertilizer, solve the waste pollution problem, realize many-sided effects such as changing rejected material to useful resource, can obtain good economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit, be a kind of that achieve many things at one stroke, comprehensively solve the technical scheme of a waste pollution and a turf production difficult problem.
Developing new low input, eco-friendly turf dedicated substrate technology, is a key issue needing solution in the turf production badly.The domestic technology of having developed some alternative traditional turf production matrix.People such as Li Rongqi utilize ciltivating process to replace the matrix (Chinese patent application number: 01104197.8,01104198.6) of Turf Culture volume.Wang Xiangrong, Bao Jinghui develop the nutraceutical matrix that adopts peat, perlite, plant ash, husk etc. to make and breed the method for carpet-type lawn (Chinese patent application number: 01113006.7).Monday, all, Li Dalin developed modular soilless culture implant bed (Chinese patent application number: 01229189.7).Part Study person seeks the lightweight cultivation matrix can partly or entirely replace soil, as the sawdust that becomes thoroughly decomposed, peat, perlite, milk cow muck, soil ulmin, fiery soil etc. [Chen Huaxiang, 1996. flowers and trees bonsais. (1): 7; Han Liebao etc., 1997. Practaculture Science .14 (2): 62-64; Zhou Jiayou etc., 1998. Practaculture Science .15 (5): 44-47].But, these materials often have limitations such as nutrient content is low, the nutrient kind is single, and production cost is higher, and raw material sources are limited, used raw material is not the organic waste that has a large capacity and a wide range, and does not see large-scale application at present as yet yet.
With rubbish, ight soil etc. is that the method for feedstock production composite fertilizer is reported that as CN1178205A, CN1172787A, CN1054581A etc.But do not appear in the newspapers to moderns for method how to utilize organic castoff compost to prepare carpet turf matrix.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of carpet turf matrix, is feedstock production carpet turf matrix with the waste.This method adopts through urban waste such as the municipal wastes of During High-Temperature Composting sterilization and stabilization treatment, municipal sludge, agricultural crop straw, aquaculture waste or agricultural wastes as main raw material, makes compounded turf matrix after compost, batching, pulverizing.The present invention adopts castoff compost as matrix, partly or entirely substitute the soil in the turf production, both solved the waste pollution problem, realize changing rejected material to useful resource, can provide nutrient and organic matter again, the physico-chemical property of improving the soil, improve the fertility and the water retention property of carpet turf matrix, it is lasting to have fertilizer efficiency, balanced, steadily, characteristics such as utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer height, can economize on water, joint is fertile, alleviate the weight of turf volume, reduce in the turf production, sod material input and handling cost in the maintenance processes behind the turf, pollution by chemical fertilizer in the maintenance processes after avoiding in the carpet turf production process and transplanting prevents to gather in the crops behind the turf at every turn and a large amount of soil to be taken away and influences the lasting production of turf, has tangible economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit.
For achieving the above object, carpet turf matrix preparation method provided by the invention, its preparation process and prescription are as follows:
1, with urban waste or agriculture waste raw materials such as municipal wastes, municipal sludge, agricultural crop straw, aquaculture wastes:
(1) with waste through compost treatment, reach deodorizing, stabilization, kill stabilizations such as pathogenic bacteria and weed seed, innoxious treatment effect;
(2) will prepare burden through castoff compost and potash fertilizer (Repone K, vitriolate of tartar or saltpetre), vermiculite that step 1 is handled, the additional proportion of potash fertilizer is 1-2% (weight ratio), the additional proportion of vermiculite is 3-10% (weight ratio), proportion scale through the rotten castoff compost of heap is 10-90% (weight ratio), supplies all the other components with loam or clay.
2, make C in the matrix by adding nitrogenous fertilizer such as urea: N is adjusted to 10-35: 1.
3, directly sowing on above-mentioned matrix.
Organic waste raw material used among the present invention must be handled through During High-Temperature Composting, requirement reaches deodorizing, stabilization, kills stabilizations such as pathogenic bacteria and weed seed, innoxious requirement, especially to guarantee that composting production must thoroughly kill pathogenic bacteria, weed seed, can not exist to cause crop to burn seedling and produce agricultural and environmental problem such as stench; Require organic content more than 20% simultaneously, the nitrogenous fertilizer that makes in the compounded turf matrix slowly discharges, nutrient supply isostatic effect otherwise be difficult to reach.
Contain a large amount of organic matters and nitrogen phosphorus nutrient in the organic castoff compost, but often there is potassium cellulose content problem on the low side in the growth at turfgrass, therefore in order to guarantee the good growth of turfgrass, should be in the production process of compounded turf matrix according to the particular case of potassium cellulose content, suitably replenish potassium attainment branch, so that satisfy the requirement of the good growth of turfgrass better.According to the test of many times result, add the amount of potassium and generally be advisable with the 1-2% that accounts for the matrix gross weight.
Because the salt content of some organic waste such as municipal sludge, feces of livestock and poultry is often higher, may produce salt damage to a certain degree sometimes.Therefore, when producing compounded turf matrix, should add a certain amount of vermiculite.Can strengthen the adsorptive power of compounded turf matrix so on the one hand, also help keeping simultaneously nutrient, improve the nutrient preserving capability energy of matrix salinity.
Contain a large amount of organic matters in this matrix, have stronger adsorptive power, so the water conservation effect obviously strengthens than soil for moisture.
Because there is the higher relatively problem of C content in the matrix with some waste production, cause its C: N is than the optimum growh requirement that can not well satisfy turfgrass, therefore should suitably adjust C: N than being 10-35 according to the C content of compost in process of production: 1, to guarantee the nitrogen supply of compounded turf matrix.
The compounded turf matrix of present method preparation has characteristics such as cost is low, fertilizer efficiency is lasting, plant recovery of nutrient is high, in light weight, does not need to use chemical fertilizer; The physico-chemical property of this matrix is good, ventilation and water conservation effect are more satisfactory, can reduce frequency of irrigation significantly, and the turf after transplanting basically can be not to fertilize in 1 year, and the quality index of turfgrasss such as the chlorophyll content and the speed of growth also is better than traditional turf mode of production (test-results sees Table 1 in detail).
Production technique of the present invention is easy, and low production cost has good economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit, and popularizing application prospect is wide.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the influence of different substrates to the rye grass chlorophyll content;
Fig. 2 is the influence of different substrates to the rye grass nutrient content.
Embodiment
Describe optimum implementation of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but be not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1: produce the rye grass compounded turf matrix with urban sewage sludge compost
Municipal sludge is carried out high temperature aerobic composting handle, reach deodorizing, stabilization, kill the requirement of harmless treatments such as pathogenic bacteria and weed seed.Get the 850kg urban sewage sludge compost, add 2kg Repone K, 20kg vermiculite and 128kg clay, fully mixing.Evenly be paved into 3-4cm, sow ryegrass seed, daily administration such as water promptly gets required turf after treating into the level ground.The practical application effect of this compounded turf matrix sees Table 1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.From table 1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as can be seen, compare with traditional turf mode of production (reference examples 1), compounded turf matrix organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium content with urban sewage sludge compost production improve 63%, 165%, 944%, 152% respectively, and the drought-enduring time lengthening 60% of sod grass, chlorophyll content improve 5.6%; Compare with reference examples 2, its organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium content improve 83%, 170%, 693%, 21% respectively, and the drought-enduring time lengthening 100% of sod grass, chlorophyll content improve 8.6%.
Embodiment 2: produce the blanket type compounded turf matrix with pig manure
Pig manure is carried out high temperature aerobic composting handle, reach deodorizing, stabilization, kill the requirement of harmless treatments such as pathogenic bacteria and weed seed.Get the 800kg pig manure, add 2kg Repone K, 20kg vermiculite and 178kg clay, fully mixing.Evenly be paved into 3-4cm, broadcast sowing ryegrass seed, daily administration such as water promptly gets required blanket formula turf after treating into the level ground.The practical application effect of this compounded turf matrix sees Table 1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.From table 1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as can be seen, compare with traditional turf mode of production (reference examples 1), compounded turf matrix organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium content with pig manure production improve 39%, 128%, 623%, 176% respectively, and the drought-enduring time lengthening 40% of sod grass, chlorophyll content improve 6.1%; Compare with reference examples 2, its organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective potassium content improve 57%, 132%, 449%, 32% respectively, and the drought-enduring time lengthening 75% of sod grass, chlorophyll content improve 9.2%.
Reference examples 1: traditional compounded turf matrix
Get the 100kg peat soil, add 2kg urea, 4kg calcium superphosphate, 2kg Repone K and 892kg soil, fully mixing.Evenly be paved into 3-4cm, sow ryegrass seed, daily administration such as water promptly gets required turf after treating into the level ground.The practical application effect of this compounded turf matrix sees Table 1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Reference examples 2: the compounded turf matrix production of only using N, P, K chemical fertilizer
Get 2kg urea, 4kg calcium superphosphate, 2kg Repone K, abundant mixing spreads fertilizer over the fields through turning over and put in order on the soil on ground.Broadcast sowing ryegrass seed according to usual way, daily administration such as water promptly gets required turf after treating into the level ground.The practical application effect of this compounded turf matrix sees Table 1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
The compounded turf matrix that table 1 is produced with the present invention and the effect of traditional turf mode of production relatively (are transplanted mensuration after 3 months)
| Embodiment one: with the compounded turf matrix of municipal sludge heap production | Embodiment two: with the compounded turf matrix of pig manure production | Reference examples one: the compounded turf matrix that traditional turf is produced | Reference examples two: the compounded turf matrix of only executing N-P-K chemical fertilizer | |
| The organic content of compounded turf matrix (g/kg) | 45.1 | 38.5 | 27.7 | 24.6 |
| The available nitrogen content (mg/kg) of compounded turf matrix | 121 | 104 | 45.7 | 44.8 |
| The available phosphorus content of compounded turf matrix (mg/kg) | 449 | 311 | 43.0 | 56.6 |
| Effective potassium content (mg/kg) of compounded turf matrix | 105 | 115 | 41.6 | 86.9 |
| The drought-enduring time of turf when not pouring water (my god) | 16 | 14 | 10 | 8 |
| The chlorophyll content of sod grass (mg/g) | 1.89 | 1.90 | 1.79 | 1.74 |
Claims (4)
1, a kind of preparation method of carpet turf matrix is a raw material with urban waste or agricultural wastes, and its preparation process is as follows:
A) with waste process compost treatment;
B) will prepare burden through castoff compost and potash fertilizer, vermiculite that step a handles, its ratio (weight ratio) is: castoff compost is 10-90%, and potash fertilizer is 1-2%, and vermiculite is 3-10%; Supply all the other components with loam or clay.
2, preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, add the C in the nitrogenous fertilizer adjusting matrix: N is 10-35: 1.
3, preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described potash fertilizer is Repone K, vitriolate of tartar or saltpetre.
4, preparation method as claimed in claim 2, its spy are characterised in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is urea.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021560250A CN1237028C (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2002-12-11 | Prepn process of carpet type lawn substrate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021560250A CN1237028C (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2002-12-11 | Prepn process of carpet type lawn substrate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1505920A CN1505920A (en) | 2004-06-23 |
| CN1237028C true CN1237028C (en) | 2006-01-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB021560250A Expired - Fee Related CN1237028C (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2002-12-11 | Prepn process of carpet type lawn substrate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102276318A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-12-14 | 武汉正清和环保科技开发有限公司 | Vermiculite oxygen dispersing agent and rapid composting fermentation method using the same for treating sludge |
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| CN101774840B (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2012-04-18 | 天津泰达园林建设有限公司 | Hydraulic filling sea mud culture substrate |
| CN101855983A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Eggplant seedling raising matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN101855984A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Pepper seedling raising medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN101855982A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-10-13 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Cucumber seedling-raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN102173894A (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2011-09-07 | 江苏九久环境科技有限公司 | Method for preparing soilless sod culture medium by utilizing mixed sludge compost |
| CN102260115A (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-11-30 | 重庆大学 | Preparation method of ecotype carpet turf substrate |
| CN103069946B (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2014-11-19 | 熊汉夫 | Method for planting bamboo willow in saline-alkali wetland of hilly area by using landfilled and stacked old waste |
| CN103270866B (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2015-06-03 | 天津师范大学 | Application method by using air dried sludge as cultivation media of turfgrass |
| CN103385097B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-08-19 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of hybrid giant napier that utilizes transforms the method that municipal sludge is plant product |
| CN104145669B (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-09-22 | 郑州轻工业学院 | A kind of lawn of utilization urban sewage sludge compost mixed-matrix production and preparation method thereof |
| CN106472056A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2017-03-08 | 深圳文科园林股份有限公司 | A kind of planting and establishing method on water-saving lawn |
-
2002
- 2002-12-11 CN CNB021560250A patent/CN1237028C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102276318A (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2011-12-14 | 武汉正清和环保科技开发有限公司 | Vermiculite oxygen dispersing agent and rapid composting fermentation method using the same for treating sludge |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1505920A (en) | 2004-06-23 |
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