CN1233211A - 分层复合材料及其作为硬币的用途 - Google Patents

分层复合材料及其作为硬币的用途 Download PDF

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CN1233211A
CN1233211A CN97198706A CN97198706A CN1233211A CN 1233211 A CN1233211 A CN 1233211A CN 97198706 A CN97198706 A CN 97198706A CN 97198706 A CN97198706 A CN 97198706A CN 1233211 A CN1233211 A CN 1233211A
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maximum
coin
stratified material
composite
composite stratified
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CN1108921C (zh
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A·科尔伯-泰利普斯
U·休伯纳
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Krupp VDM GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/011Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Testing Of Coins (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)
  • Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种分层复合材料,它包含一种由铁素体铬钢制成的核心层,在其两侧镀以一种包含16.0重量%铬、10.0重量%镍和3.5—4.5重量%铜以及可选的其它元素,余量的基本上为铁的钢,还涉及它在制作硬币、纪念币和筹码及相关物品中的用途。

Description

分层复合材料及其作为硬币的用途
本发明涉及一种分层复合材料,它包括一种两面镀了钢层的核心层,涉及它用作硬币、纪念币和筹码及相关物品的用途。
在较早期的流通硬币中,金属的价值相应于硬币的面值,此需要促进了对金属的筛选。人们曾用过金、银和非贵金属及其合金。从19世纪中叶开始,在工业化过程中,有越来越多的辅币进入流通,其中对原材料的选用一方面随经济地制作的可能性而定,另一方面也根据其光泽情况而定。
常常采用镍和某种铜合金。在较早期,对价格适宜的硬币的需求呼声越来越高。在该发展过程中,也已有不同种类的不锈钢制成了硬币。首先,被采用的有铁素体钢X6Cr17(德国工材号1.4016)和奥氏体钢X5CrNi1812(德国工材号1.4303)。
另一种以优质钢作为硬币工材的加工制作至今仍有压花方面的问题。由于其硬度值-它在实际操作中、在其软化退火状态总是呈现出约140-160HV30值-平均约150HV30值,它的铸型压花图案相对较浅,但特别耐磨,且硬币在长时间内耐腐蚀,如在“硬币工材,XVⅡMintDirector’s马德里大会1992”中所述。
特别是铁素体不锈钢的发蓝的颜色使它在视觉上不能表现出等值于以前视觉上呈白色的硬币工材如银或镍和它们的合金。
与以前常用的机械式硬币检验仪相比,借助今天更为常用的电子式硬币检验仪,除了直径和厚度外,在不同频率下感应式地检测了电导率,即在距外表面的不同距离处的电导率。借此,可特别可靠地鉴别分层复合材料并能将它与外国硬币和与假币区分开来。
在提供硬币工材时,由此提供了另一个重要判断准则,即必须将工材性能如厚度、密度、电导率和磁化性能调节到一个很窄的可接受范围之内。
由JP 466651和US 2775520已知不锈的铬-镍-钢合金作为单层制作的硬币的硬币工材,它平均含17.8重量%的铬、12.8重量%的镍和3重量%的铜。
本发明的目的是提供一种不锈的工材,它提供一种与现有技术相比较容易的可压铸性,而在目视上具有白色或银色的色调,且它除了可加工成硬币外,还能在现今常用的硬币自动检验机中确保将硬币与假币分开。
按照本发明,该目的通过一种具有核心层的层状复合材料达到,该核心层由铁素体铬钢构成,其两面镀有有下列组成(重量%)的层:
铬           16.0-18.0
镍           10.0-12.0
铜           3.5-4.5其余为铁以及制备条件下的杂质。
可选地,可向待镀层所使用的钢中添加一种或多种下列元素(重量%):
锰           最大1.5
硅           最大0.4
碳           最大0.02
氮           最大0.02
硫           最大0.01
磷           最大0.03
钼           最大1.0
钛           最大0.03
铌           最大0.05
铝           最大0.1
钴           最大0.3
硼           最大0.03
其中有利的是,镀上去的厚度占分层复合材料总厚度的10-30%。
已令人惊异地显示,由一种这类处于软化退火状态的钢既在目视上呈现白色或银色的色调,又具有明显低于140HV30的硬度,且通常甚至低于120HV30。
与现有技术相比,该用于硬币制作的不锈钢的硬度值平均要低约20%,它使得能更深地和更为塑性地压花成型。虽然如此,该新硬币工材的一个硬币试样在一个转鼓试验(Trommelversuch)中呈现了一种与优质钢X6Cr17和X5Cr Ni1812可比的耐磨性,且有比铜基硬币工材如CuAl6Ni2高出因数为3的耐磨性。
与其它优质钢的可比性也体现在现在下述试验中,即在一种侵蚀性实验环境下,经过一种10% NaCl溶液处理并经过人造汗的作用,来检验其耐失光泽性。
对于在现今使用的硬币检验仪提出的、要能将法定硬币与其它硬币和与假币相区分的要求,使用这样的分层复合材料确保做到这一点,该分层复合材料是按本发明的、具有一个由铁素体铬钢形成的核心层、且两个侧面镀有这样一种钢层的分层复合材料。
借助一个实施例来如下详细解释本发明:
将具有如下组成(重量%)的一种铜合金化了的不锈钢熔化
铬              17.35
镍              10.25
铜              3.65
锰              0.67
硅              0.30
碳              0.014
氮              0.015
硫              0.003
磷              0.012
钼              0.49
钛              <0.010
铌              0.010
铝              0.020
钴              0.01
硼              0.002余量的铁和在制备条件下的杂质。
将该钢热轧、随后冷轧成厚2.07mm的带。由该冷轧带冲压成直径为25.30mm的硬币毛坯。它们呈现所希望的银-白色调。
园边后,直径为24.85mm。这种小片状体每片重为8.10克,它的密度为7.89克/cm3。通过软化退火可调节其硬度为117HV30而不出现粗粒,其结果是具有好的可压花性,它是通过对硬币试样进行压花来评价确定的。
进行一个24小时的转鼓试验,其中将按本发明的硬币与由作为硬币工材而常用的其它不锈钢X6Cr17和X5 Cr Ni1812制得的硬币对比,其中所有3种工材的质量损失为0.1%。与此相对照,由其它常用钢质工材CuAl6Ni2则产生了3倍于此的质量损失值。
同样,在一种侵蚀性实验气氛条件下,经10%NaCl溶液处理并经人造汗的作用来作为一种腐蚀试验,三周后新硬币的光泽变暗不明显。
由该实施例制得的带材于其两侧镀以一种铁素体铬钢X6Cr17,其厚度为总厚度的20%,在现今常用的硬币检验仪中,它们能确保与其它硬币和与假币区分开来。
本发明的另一个值得一提的特征是,推荐的新硬币工材可借助现今常用的炼钢工艺而毫无问题地回收,这不仅是因为它可作为单个组分应用,而且它也可与一种铁素体铬钢共同作为一种复合材料的组分而使用。

Claims (5)

1.用作硬币、纪念币和筹码及相关物品的分层复合材料,其特征在于,该复合材料具有一种由铁素体制成的核心层,其两侧镀有一种由下列组分组成(重量%)的钢:
铬           16.0-18.0
镍           10.0-12.0
铜           3.5-4.5余量的铁以及在制备条件下的杂质。
2.按照权利要求1的分层复合材料,其特征在于,用于对核心层镀层的钢另外还含有一种或多种下列元素(重量%)
锰           最大1.5
硅           最大0.4
碳           最大0.02
氮           最大0.02
硫           最大0.01
磷           最大0.03
钼           最大1.0
钛           最大0.03
铌           最大0.05
铝           最大0.1
钴           最大0.3
硼           最大0.03
3.按照权利要求1或2的分层复合材料,其特征在于,镀层上去的层厚占分层复合材料总厚度的10-30%。
4.按照权利要求1、2或3的分层复合材料,其特征在于,核心层由工材X6Cr17构成。
5.按照权利要求1-4中任一项的分层复合材料的用途,用于制作压花的硬币、纪念币或筹码以及相关物品的工材。
CN97198706A 1996-11-12 1997-11-10 分层复合材料及其作为硬币的用途 Expired - Fee Related CN1108921C (zh)

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DE19646657.1 1996-11-12
DE19646657A DE19646657C1 (de) 1996-11-12 1996-11-12 Schichtverbundwerkstoff und seine Verwendung für Münzen

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CN1233211A true CN1233211A (zh) 1999-10-27
CN1108921C CN1108921C (zh) 2003-05-21

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EP (1) EP0946357B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001504255A (zh)
KR (1) KR100470362B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1108921C (zh)
AR (1) AR010566A1 (zh)
AT (1) ATE199349T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU5480598A (zh)
BR (1) BR9713028A (zh)
CA (1) CA2271654C (zh)
CZ (1) CZ169299A3 (zh)
DE (2) DE19646657C1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2156010T3 (zh)
GR (1) GR3035497T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1024887A1 (zh)
HU (1) HU221564B (zh)
IL (1) IL129887A (zh)
NO (1) NO315507B1 (zh)
NZ (1) NZ330771A (zh)
PL (1) PL186555B1 (zh)
PT (1) PT946357E (zh)
SK (1) SK282711B6 (zh)
TW (1) TW454044B (zh)
UY (1) UY24768A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1998021028A1 (zh)
ZA (1) ZA979378B (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7981561B2 (en) 2005-06-15 2011-07-19 Ati Properties, Inc. Interconnects for solid oxide fuel cells and ferritic stainless steels adapted for use with solid oxide fuel cells
AU2009202339C1 (en) 2008-06-13 2012-03-22 Monnaie Royale Canadienne/ Royal Canadian Mint Control of electromagnetic signals of coins by multi-ply plating technology

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2775520A (en) * 1951-11-05 1956-12-25 Armco Steel Corp Cold-stamped articles
US3607147A (en) * 1969-09-17 1971-09-21 Franklin Mint Inc Bimetallic coin
DE3817657A1 (de) * 1988-05-25 1989-12-07 Vdm Nickel Tech Schichtverbundwerkstoff zur herstellung von muenzen
CN1065426A (zh) * 1990-04-02 1992-10-21 谢尔里特·戈登矿有限公司 用于硬币、奖章及纪念章的电镀的坯料
CA2019568C (en) * 1990-06-21 1998-11-24 Hieu C. Truong Coins coated with nickel, copper and nickel and process for making such coins
JPH0466651A (ja) * 1990-07-06 1992-03-03 Nisshin Steel Co Ltd コイニング性および耐摩耗性に優れたコイン用非磁性材料

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AU5480598A (en) 1998-06-03
IL129887A0 (en) 2000-02-29
CN1108921C (zh) 2003-05-21
NO315507B1 (no) 2003-09-15
SK62499A3 (en) 2000-03-13
HU221564B (hu) 2002-11-28
PT946357E (pt) 2001-07-31
HUP9902015A2 (hu) 1999-10-28
NZ330771A (en) 2000-01-28
PL186555B1 (pl) 2004-01-30
PL333330A1 (en) 1999-12-06
DE19646657C1 (de) 1998-01-08
CA2271654A1 (en) 1998-05-22
NO991973D0 (no) 1999-04-26
ATE199349T1 (de) 2001-03-15
AR010566A1 (es) 2000-06-28
TW454044B (en) 2001-09-11
ZA979378B (en) 1998-05-12
HUP9902015A3 (en) 1999-11-29
IL129887A (en) 2001-11-25
KR100470362B1 (ko) 2005-02-05
JP2001504255A (ja) 2001-03-27
CZ169299A3 (cs) 1999-08-11
ES2156010T3 (es) 2001-06-01
EP0946357B1 (de) 2001-02-28
UY24768A1 (es) 1998-04-23
EP0946357A1 (de) 1999-10-06
CA2271654C (en) 2004-09-21
KR20000053187A (ko) 2000-08-25
SK282711B6 (sk) 2002-11-06
HK1024887A1 (en) 2000-10-27
NO991973L (no) 1999-04-26
GR3035497T3 (en) 2001-06-29
BR9713028A (pt) 2000-01-25
DE59703080D1 (de) 2001-04-05
WO1998021028A1 (de) 1998-05-22

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