Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of automatic mechanism, can alleviate labor intensity of operating personnel greatly and increase work efficiency, but the working routine of standard nucleic acid extraction reduces the mistake of human factor and minimizing healthcare givers's cross infection chance.
The present invention solves by following scheme:
Described nucleic acid auto distill machine, form by the mechanical part and the collecting of electrical controls, its mechanical part comprises a worktable, fixes whizzer, electric control box and the panel of disposable liquid storage puncture dials, the lysate dish that oscillator is housed, recovery puncture dials, blood sample dish, band well heater on the worktable; In the worktable upper support one crossbeam is arranged, the crossbeam side is equipped with headstock, and headstock is provided with two groups by punch block and the crownewr head bottom and top feed motion of motor-driven upper and lower feed mechanism independently to realize respectively being connected with this feed mechanism; Also be provided with a transverse feed mechanism that makes headstock transverse feed on crossbeam on the crossbeam; Also have a certain amount of pipettor to be communicated with puncture needle on the above-mentioned punch block by flexible pipe; The controlled collecting of electrical controls that is formed on of the collaborative work of each above-mentioned mechanism components; The described collecting of electrical controls is a single-chip computer control system through expansion, comprises display module, the keyboard input circuit, the 89C51 micro-chip, three 8255 expansion interface chips, three tunnel (A/D) analog/digital conversion, the serial EEPROM electricity erasable memorizer, the LED light emitting diode display circuit, multichannel light is every imput output circuit, multipath solid-state rly. and rly. output circuit, stepper-motor and driving mechanism, the motor frequency conversion device, well heater, pipettor, the gland motor, the punch block power motor, blower fan, electronic fastening screw, vibrating motor, travel switch, optoelectronic switch, the power down start-up circuit, address latch 74HC37; Low eight bit data/the address wire of described micro-chip 89C51 and the input terminus of address latch 74HC373, the eight bit data line of expansion interface chip 8255 is connected, the Senior Three position of the high address line of micro-chip meets decoder 74HC138, its output connects the sheet choosing end of three expansion interface chips 8255 respectively, minimum two of the output low order address line of 74HC373 connect address wire A1~A0 of 8255, be used to select 8255 internal port, three expansion interface chips 8255 are connected with following three part peripheral signal respectively; Expansion interface sheet 8255-1 makes delivery port, and as output control and driving operator signals, expansion interface sheet 8255-2 does the input aperture, connects the input detection signal; Expansion interface sheet 8255-3 connects keyboard input circuit and display module; The 89C51 micro-chip also is connected with the serial EEPROM electricity erasable memorizer, and the 89C51 micro-chip by photoelectricity isolate, rly. respectively with three tunnel (A/D) A/D conversion circuit, stepper motor driver; Moving the liquid switch is connected.
Two groups of upper and lower feed mechanisms on the above-mentioned headstock include reducing motor, pay drive lead screw-nut by the reducing motor driving gear and pay, and punch block and crownewr head are connected with a end of nut on the above-mentioned drive lead screw respectively.
The transverse feed mechanism of above-mentioned headstock comprises that stepper-motor, retarding mechanism, ball screw are paid, straight ball-guide is paid and is installed on the position controlling switch at crossbeam two ends.
Above-mentioned punch block mainly is to be made of the disposable wearing pricker of supporting base, support spring, slide plate, slide-bar, fixation clip, coupling shaft, band liquid storage function, tracheae seat, the spring of stepping down, flexible pipe etc.; Coupling shaft and fixation clip are fitted together, slide plate slides on coupling shaft, and 24 tracheae seats are housed on slide plate, by 24 springs of stepping down 24 tracheae seats can be promoted up and down, the upper end of 24 tracheae seats connects 24 flexible pipes, and the lower end of 24 tracheae seats connects 24 disposable liquid storage puncture needles.
24 angling holes of circle distribution are arranged on the brill dish in the above-mentioned whizzer, and the angle β value of the axial line of the axial line of angling hole and brill dish is 34 °, also has 24 grooves corresponding with angling hole on the brill dish, and the optimum value of the angle theta that bottom land plane and groove are high is 80 °; Well heater is placed on below the brill dish, and latch is placed on above the centrifugal motor and the side of brill dish, and optoelectronic switch is housed below latch, below centrifugal motor seal closure is housed, and fan is housed in the seal closure.
Above-mentioned crownewr head mainly is to be made of guard shield, spring shield, support spring, spring support, fixation clip, compression leg, movable pressing board, stage clip etc.Fixation clip mounts elastically, and spring support is connected with the gland main shaft by bearing pin, and 24 compression legs are housed on fixation clip, and movable pressing board passes the gland main bush on the root compression leg.
Below the above-mentioned lysate dish oscillator is installed, oscillator mainly is by motor, supporting plate, supporting bar, eccentric wheel, eccentric wheel is equipped with in mechanisms such as vibration seat on the output shaft of motor, supporting plate is equipped with at the rear portion of motor, one end of supporting bar is connected with supporting plate, and the other end is fixedlyed connected with the vibration seat, and the lysate dish is contained on the supporting plate.
Innovation part of the present invention is to use electromechanical integration and Computer Control Technology realizes covered sampling, disposable liquid storage puncture needle automatic loading and unloading, automatically move liquid, centrifuge tube closes lid automatically, automatically heating, a series of automatic control processes such as high speed centrifugation, the process of manually operated nucleic acid extraction is become simplification, automatization, working routine can become standardization, it can finish blood, seminal fluid and other humoral sample are quantitatively drawn, shift, the reagent automatic ration adds, vibration, the loading and unloading of disposable liquid storage puncture needle, the heating of sample temperature control, centrifuge tube closes lid, automatically separate the automated operation of a series of extraction nucleic acid operations such as (centrifugal) as required, the operator does not directly contact sample.So both alleviated labor intensity of operating personnel in a large number, automated operation will improve more than 5 times than manual efficient, reduces the mistake of human factor and minimizing healthcare givers's cross infection chance again.Operator have just entered machine by start key again and have operated automatically as long as disposable liquid storage puncture needle, cracking liquid, sample, centrifuge tube are put well in advance on respective disc, finish with regard to auto stop until the technological process of whole nucleic acid extraction.Different abstraction process processes can be made up of different control function module, and the work of establishment abstraction process process is very simple, convenient, only need choose the numbering (one digit number value) of representing the difference in functionality module and couple together and just can realize.The different different abstraction process processes of numbering combination representative, the abstraction process process of finishing (program) can be preserved, and can call at any time.Equipment can be stored the program of technical process more than 50 kinds.
Embodiment
Described nucleic acid auto distill machine is made up of the mechanical part and the collecting of electrical controls.
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, nucleic acid auto distill machine is by the cabinet (1) of band door, worktable (2), put disposable liquid storage puncture dials (3), lysate dish (4), oscillator (5), reclaim puncture dials (6), blood sample dish (7), brill dish (8), well heater (9), centrifugal motor (10), optoelectronic switch (11), latch (12), column (13), crossbeam (14), bearing support (15), bearing (16), ball screw (17), nut (18), position control optoelectronic switch (19), straight ball-guide is paid (20), quantitative pipettor (21), flexible pipe (22), reducing motor (23), bearing support (24), bearing (25), guide pillar (26), linear bearings (27), screw mandrel (28), nut (29), web plate (30), master gear (31), from gear (32), punch block main shaft (33), punch block (34), disposable liquid storage puncture needle (35), position control optoelectronic switch (36), reducing motor (37), bearing support (38), bearing (39), linear bearings (40), screw mandrel (41), nut (42), master gear (43), from gear (44), gland main shaft (45), crownewr head (46), position control optoelectronic switch (47), moving carriage (48), power box (49), main synchronizing wheel (50), from synchronizing wheel (51), be with synchronously (52), stepper-motor (53), operating panel and Controlling System (54), control casing (55) is formed.
There are three dodge gates in cabinet (1) right on, right flank is equipped with control casing (55), in control casing (55), operating panel and Controlling System (54) are housed, working plate (2) is installed above the cabinet (1), is equipped with in the last the place ahead of working plate (2) and puts disposable liquid storage puncture dials (3), lysate dish (4), recovery puncture dials (6), blood sample dish (7), centrifugal unit (8) (9) (10) (11) (12); Two columns (13) are equipped with at left and right two ends, rear, and crossbeam (14) is housed on column (13), at the two ends of crossbeam (14) position control optoelectronic switch (19) are housed, in order to determine the mechanical origin position and the maximum travel position of equipment.At the two ends of crossbeam (14) bearing support (15) is housed, is used for rotating bearing ball screw mandrel (17).At the two ends of ball screw (17) bearing (16) is housed, bearing (16) is contained in the bearing support (15), be equipped with one from synchronizing wheel (51) on the axle outside the right-hand member bearing support (15) of ball screw (17), stepper-motor (53) is contained on the dividing plate of crossbeam (14) right part, be set with a main synchronizing wheel (50) on the output shaft of stepper-motor (53), connect with synchronous band (52) between two belt wheels, nut (18) is connected with moving carriage (48), power box (49) is contained on the moving carriage (48), left upper end at power box (49) is equipped with a bearing support (24), being with bearing (25) at an end of screw mandrel (28) is contained in the bearing support (24), last axle head at screw mandrel (28) is equipped with one from gear (32), reducing motor (23) is contained in power box (49) upper left quarter inwall, one master gear (31) is housed on the output shaft of reducing motor (23), being contained in nut (29) and web plate (30) on the screw mandrel (28) and an end of punch block main shaft (23) is fitted together, the other end of punch block main shaft (23) is equipped with punch block (34), at the two ends of web plate (30) two linear bearingss (27) are housed, two linear bearingss (27) are enclosed within respectively on two guide pillars (26), two guide pillars (26) are fixed on the left end and screw mandrel (28) symmetry of power box (48), right-hand member at power box (48) is equipped with pair of bearing (38) up and down, in bottom righthand side the place ahead of power box (48) a linear bearings (40) is housed, be with bearing (39) is contained in the bearing support (38) at the two ends of screw mandrel (41), last axle head at screw mandrel (41) is equipped with one from gear (44), reducing motor (37) is contained in power box (49) middle and upper part inwall, one master gear (43) is housed on the output shaft of reducing motor (37), an end that is contained in the nut (42) on the screw mandrel (41) is connected with an end of gland main shaft (45), gland main shaft (45), the centre is with linear bearings (40), and the other end of gland main shaft (45) is equipped with gland unit head (46).
As shown in Figure 3, punch block (34) mainly is by supporting base (56), support spring (57), slide plate (58), slide-bar (59), fixation clip (60), coupling shaft (61), disposable liquid storage puncture needle (35), tracheae seat (62), the spring of stepping down (63), flexible pipe formations such as (22).Coupling shaft (61) is fitted together with fixation clip (60), slide plate (58) is gone up at coupling shaft (61) and is slided, 24 tracheae seats (62) are housed on slide plate (58), by 24 springs of stepping down (63) 24 tracheae seats (62) can be promoted up and down, the upper end of 24 tracheae seats (62) connects 24 flexible pipes (22), and the lower end of 24 tracheae seats (62) connects 24 disposable liquid storage puncture needles.
As shown in Figure 4,24 angling holes of circle distribution are arranged on the brill dish (8) in the centrifugal unit, the angle β value of the axial line of the axial line of angling hole and brill dish (8) is 34 °, and brill dish (8) is gone up also has 24 grooves corresponding with angling hole, and the optimum value of the angle theta that bottom land plane and groove are high is 80 degree.Well heater (9) is placed on below the brill dish (8), latch (12) is placed on above the centrifugal motor (10) and the side of brill dish (8), optoelectronic switch (11) is housed below latch (12), seal closure (64) is housed below centrifugal motor (10), fan (65) is housed in the seal closure (64).
As shown in Figure 5, crownewr head (46) mainly is by guard shield (66), spring shield (67), support spring (68), spring support (69), fixation clip (70), compression leg (71), movable pressing board (72), stage clip formations such as (73).Fixation clip (70) is installed on the spring support (69), and spring support (69) is connected with gland main shaft (45) by bearing pin, and 24 compression legs (71) are housed on fixation clip (70), and movable pressing board (72) passes gland main shaft (45) and is enclosed within on 24 compression legs (71).
As shown in Figure 6, oscillator (5) is housed below the lysate dish (4), oscillator (5) mainly is by motor (74), supporting plate (75), supporting bar (76), eccentric wheel (77), vibration seat formations such as (78).Eccentric wheel (77) is housed on the output shaft of motor (74), supporting plate (75) is equipped with at the rear portion of motor (74), one end of supporting bar (76) is connected with supporting plate (75), and the other end is fixedlyed connected with vibration seat (78), and lysate dish (4) is contained on the supporting plate (75).
The collecting of electrical controls, as shown in Figure 7, comprise by LCD MODULE, keyboard input circuit, 89C51 micro-chip, three blocks of 8255 expansion interface chips, three tunnel (A/D) analog/digital conversion, serial EEPROM electricity erasable memorizer, 16 paths of LEDs light emitting diode display circuits, multichannel light be connected every imput output circuit, multipath solid-state rly. and rly. output circuit and with peripherals, 24 road light are every formations such as input circuit, 373 latch, power down start-up circuit, power supplys.
Low eight bit data/address wire of described micro-chip 89C51 is connected with the eight bit data line of the input terminus of address latch 74HC373, expansion interface chip 8255, the Senior Three position of the high address line of micro-chip meets decoder 74HC138, its output connects the sheet choosing end of three expansion interface chips 8255 respectively, minimum two of the output low order address line of 74HC373 connect address wire A1~A0 of 8255, are used to select 8255 internal port.Three expansion interface chips 8255 are connected with following three part peripheral signal respectively: expansion interface sheet 8255-1 makes delivery port, as 24 output controls and driving operator signals.Expansion interface sheet 8255-2 connects 24 input detection signals as the input aperture.Expansion interface sheet 8255-3 connects keyboard input circuit and liquid crystal display circuit.The 89C51 micro-chip also is connected with the EEPROM electricity erasable memorizer, and the 89C51 micro-chip by photoelectricity isolate, rly. respectively with three tunnel (A/D) A/D conversion circuit, stepper motor driver, move the liquid switch and be connected.Described expansion interface sheet 8255-1 exports, and connects the switch of control suction motor, gland motor, well heater, vibrating motor, damper motor, blower fan by solid state relay; Connect the frequency transformer of control whizzer, the Closing Switch of steady brace by light every, rly.; Other 16 the tunnel connect photodiode uses as the cue lamp.
Each unitary circuit function is: micro-chip 89C51 CPU is central calculation process control section, direct-connected electricity erasable memorizer EEPROM (serial) is its operation workspace (power down can be protected data), micro-chip is by connecting three expansion interface chips 8255, so that expand more I/O input/output port, micro-chip is selected the address and the internal port of three expansion interface chips respectively by connecting latch 74HC373 and decoder (not marking among the figure).Expansion interface chip 8255-3 is connected the realization man-machine dialogue with LCD MODULE, keyboard input circuit, can import the operation process (program) and the manual operation of various nucleic acid extraction, content and prompting when showing the automatic or manual operation.Expansion interface chip 8255-2 connects 24 road light every input circuit, receive various input signals (part is reserved standby), expansion interface chip 8255-1 connects 16 road LED display circuits and makes various pilot lamp usefulness, connect in addition No. 6 solid state relays and 2 road light every, the rly. output circuit is as the control and the actuate signal of peripherals, and these signals connect suction switch, the gland switch of cover pressing mechanism, the input of frequency transformer, the oscillation switch of vibrator, the heater switch of well heater, air door switch, the fan switch of pipettor.Micro-chip is isolated by photoelectricity and is connected 3 tunnel (A/D) A/D conversion circuit as temperature detection control.Micro-chip moves the liquid switch by what rly. connected pipettor, and micro-chip is isolated by photoelectricity and connected stepper motor driver.
The working process of above-mentioned nucleic acid auto distill machine is as follows:
24 its operation principles of samples of the once maximum processing of nucleic acid auto distill machine.:at first selected a certain program; Operating personnel are placed on 24 disposable liquid storage puncture needles on the dials; Lysate is added the lysate dish; 24 samples are placed on the blood sample dish; 24 clean centrifuge tubes are placed on the brill dish; Press then start key; ,: (a) (b)24 (c) (d) (e) (0-300μl) (f) (g) (h) (i)24 (j) (k)24 (0-300μl) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (R) (s) (100℃) (t)0-1200/ (u) (V)。 Repeat above-mentioned operation, work is carried out in circulation constantly.In about 25 minutes of each circulating working time (containing non-cutting time), can finish the extraction of about 400 samples every day.