CN1227150C - Shaft Safety Systems for Lifts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lift comprising: a cage within the elevator shaft; a landing door for opening and closing an entrance to the elevator shaft through which a working environment within the elevator shaft is accessible; and a shaft safety system for protecting maintenance workers in the working environment from the cage. The shaft security system includes: a shaft safety device configured to automatically activate the shaft safety device when the landing door is opened or released in preparation for opening and to require manual reset to close the shaft safety device; and a control system for controlling movement of the car, wherein the shaft safety device is connected to the control system and if the shaft safety device is activated, the control system is in a safety mode in which the control system is able to prevent movement of the car beyond a predetermined position in the shaft in the direction of the work environment.

Description

Shaft Safety Systems for Lifts

technical field

The invention relates to an elevator comprising: a car in an elevator shaft; a landing door for opening and closing an entrance to the elevator shaft through which access to the working environment in the elevator shaft is possible; Shaft safety system to protect maintenance workers in the working environment. The invention also relates to a control system, a shaft safety device and a shaft safety system for an elevator.

Background technique

In order for the elevator to work safely and reliably, it needs to be maintained and inspected regularly. With conventional lifts, the drive and control unit are located in a separate room. The room has specific dimensions and does not come into direct contact with the moving cabin or counterweight to ensure a safe working environment. On the other hand, for elevators without a machine room, the drive unit (and sometimes the control unit) is arranged inside the shaft, mostly in the pit or on top of the shaft. Furthermore, these components must be maintained and inspected within the shaft. To ensure a safe working environment, additional measures must be taken.

Such a lift is known from US patent US 5,727,657.

With conventional lifts where most of the equipment is in the pit, the pit equipment is limited and only requires temporary maintenance operations or inspections. Therefore, standard shaft safety systems are used to provide a safer working environment as required by relevant regulations (especially EN81). This standard shaft safety system to EN81 includes buffers and counterweights for the cars to limit their minimum height in the hoistway and pit brakes that prevent the cars from moving when activated.

Buffers, rubber buffers, springs or hydraulic buffers protect a specific refuge space. An activated pit brake protects persons in the pit from being struck by the moving car due to unintentional car movement. Standard procedure is to activate the pit brake before entering the pit and to turn the pit brake off after exiting. Pit brakes are operated manually, so it is easy to forget or even ignore the pit brakes. In order for maintenance workers to be able to reach components installed under the car after entering the pit, a car run may be required from the pit to lower the car to enable testing or maintenance operations on these components. This creates an unsafe work environment when maintenance workers are in the pit or climbing on top of something to reach higher components, which can allow the pit stop to shut off without authorization.

For elevators in which the drive system and/or associated equipment are located in the pit, the pit is considered a machine room. The relevant regulations (EN81) specify the minimum dimensions of the machine room to enable easy and safe work on the equipment (EN81-6.3.2). In particular, a clear height of at least 2 meters should be provided at the working area. Sales, on the other hand, require a minimum pit depth to reduce construction costs and compete with other suppliers. These two requirements are in conflict with each other.

US Patent US 5,727,657 discloses a device that automatically provides a safe working environment by limiting the movement of the cabin. As soon as the car leaves the protected area and the car is braked, one or more braking devices pivot in the path of movement of the car. During the movement of the car, the braking device retracts itself again. Switches control these movements. The key to open the door activates a lock and release mechanism located above the shaft door. This will activate a memory circuit to keep the safety circuit off and prevent the car from running until a key switch resets the memory circuit.

A disadvantage of this system is that, during maintenance operations, it is still difficult to reach the components located under the car. In this case, the car cannot be lowered due to the mechanical brake. This forces maintenance personnel to use a separate ladder or have to climb on top of other items to reach components mounted below the car. This creates a new risk of falling or moving parts striking maintenance personnel on the ladder who are still in the pit after carrying out maintenance operations. Also dynamic maintenance, ie maintenance operations performed from the pit on the components requiring maintenance under conditions requiring movement of the car, cannot be performed in this case. In addition, the safety system includes several moving parts that may malfunction due to dust or dirt. In addition, the cost of the system increases due to the number of components.

US Patent US 5,806,633 discloses a similar concept of ensuring a safe working environment in the presence of people in the pit. The actuator operates two pivotable columns fixed in the well pit to enable the columns to be in an extended or retracted position. In the extended position, the two braking elements fixed to the car will strike the column when the car reaches a certain minimum height. This ensures the refuge space in the well pit as required by EN81. Two manually operated devices are mounted on rails or other structures to provide a safe free height for a person standing upright in the pit. A switch installed under the floor at the bottom of the pit detects whether a person is present in the pit. When someone steps on the floor, an electronic alarm bell immediately begins to chime. In order to stop the screeching, one has to install other stopping devices.

After the actuator is activated and the safety column is in the extended position, only upward movement of the car is still permitted. This control prevents the car from moving down.

With such a system, the car can be moved upwards during the presence of maintenance personnel in the well pit to carry out some dynamic maintenance operations. Maintenance procedures that require the cabin to be moved down cannot be performed. Also with this system, there is still the disadvantage that it is still difficult to reach the components located under the car during maintenance operations, since the mechanical brake prevents the car from descending. Also, forcing maintenance personnel to use a separate ladder or have to climb on top of other objects to reach components installed below the cabin creates new hazards of falling or moving components hitting Maintenance personnel still on the ladder in the well pit after operation.

In addition, the free height that can be guaranteed is only the height of a person standing on the pit floor. During access to the pit, e.g. standing on a ladder, the free height is not guaranteed.

Contents of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a solution to the above-mentioned problems.

The lift according to the invention is characterized in that the shaft safety system comprises: a shaft safety device arranged to automatically activating the shaft safety device and requiring manual reset to close the shaft safety device; and a control system for controlling the movement of the car, wherein the shaft safety device is connected with the control system connected, and if said shaft safety device is activated, the control system is in a safety mode in which the control system is able to prevent movement of the car in the direction of the working environment beyond a predetermined position in the shaft.

According to the present invention, there is provided a shaft safety system which can be immediately activated when a landing door in the vicinity of a protected shaft area (e.g., the pit or top of the shaft) is opened or released in preparation for opening. Start automatically. Simply activated the shaft safety system provides a safe working environment in the shaft, including a protected free working height. According to a particular embodiment, the car cannot be run from other positions than the relevant shaft position (eg the pit or the top of the shaft). In particular, in the case of a pit, the free working height can be controlled from the pit operating panel to reach the lower part of the car with only a certain deliberate operation. Preferably the control system moves the car just by checking the speed.

According to a preferred embodiment, even in the event of a power outage, the shaft safety system is able to memorize the required conditions when power is restored. One can easily check whether the shaft safety system is activated.

A specific embodiment of the invention relates to a shaft safety system comprising the following components.

A car that can move up and down in an elevator shaft. A landing door at the landing level capable of closing the entrance to the protected elevator shaft section. A shaft safety device that detects someone entering the shaft. In this case, a control system is activated to prevent the nacelle from running, except from the shaft position near the safety-equipped landing door, which enables a temporary limit switch to operate and illuminate the working lighting in the shaft. The temporary limit switch prevents the car from moving below or above a certain height in order to ensure a free working height as the machine room can provide. In the case of a well pit, unexpected situations can be dealt with by performing a specific conscious operation from inside the well pit. After the maintenance personnel have left the shaft, the safety device can be manually set from the landing door and the control system is switched off again.

Description of drawings

Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the elevator of the machine in the pit, including the shaft safety system;

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a shaft safety arrangement for a protected machine position in a shaft with a safety switch located on top of the top box and a triangular key lock located in the landing door panel;

Figure 3 shows the function of the mechanical locking mechanism of an unstable switch of the shaft safety device; (A) is the default closed position, (B) is the extreme activated position and (C) is after releasing the triangular key lock the lock-on position of the switch;

Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the shaft safety device, where the safety switch is located on top of the top box and the triangular key lock is located in the landing door panel;

Figure 5 shows another embodiment of the shaft safety device, where the safety switch is located on top of the top box and the triangular key lock is located in the landing door panel;

Fig. 6 shows the function of another kind of mechanical locking mechanism of a kind of unstable switch of shaft safety device;

Figure 7 is a side view of the embodiment of the shaft safety device as shown in Figure 6;

Figure 8 shows an embodiment of a shaft safety device where the safety switch is located behind the landing door and the triangular key lock is located in the landing door panel;

Figure 9 shows another embodiment of the shaft safety device, wherein the safety switch is located behind the landing door and the triangular key lock is located in the landing door panel;

Figure 10 shows another embodiment of the shaft safety device, wherein the safety switch is located behind the landing door, the triangular key lock is located in the landing door panel and includes an additional safety switch that can be reset from the side of the landing door. mechanism;

Figure 11 shows another embodiment of a shaft safety device in which a safety switch is located on top of the top box and a triangular key lock is located in said top jamb;

Figure 12 shows in detail the mechanism engaged with the triangular key lock of the embodiment shown in Figure 11; (A) is a front view; (B) is a top view of the mechanism in a default position and (C) is A top view of the mechanism in one extreme activated position;

Figure 13 shows an embodiment of a shaft safety device where a safety switch is located on top of the top box and a triangular key lock is located in the top jamb;

Figures 14 and 15 show an embodiment of a shaft safety device in which the safety switch is located on top of the top box but does not engage the triangular key lock, the two figures differ only in the redesign of the applied safety switch setting agency;

Figure 16 shows the locking mechanism of the non-stabilized safety switch of the shaft safety device, where it is reset electronically from another position;

Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a shaft safety system; and

Figure 18 illustrates a method of providing a safety circuit with respect to a shaft safety device.

Detailed ways

Figure 1 shows a side view of a machine room-less elevator. The cabin 3 and the counterweight 6 are suspended by one or two rope systems, and the reversing pulley 2 is installed on the top of the shaft, and the reversing pulley installed below the cabin is called the underslung device 4 . The lower part of the shaft 1 is a well pit 7 in which a buffer device 8 is arranged. In this embodiment the machine 9 is arranged in the pit, but it could also be installed in other locations, for example in the top of the shaft. The machine position in the shaft, in this case the pit, is illuminated by working lighting 10 . The landing gate 11 closes the entrance to the shaft. The lift has a shaft safety system. The shaft safety system includes a shaft safety device 12 positioned partially behind and/or above a landing door near the machine location. The shaft safety system also includes a temporarily operated limit switch 5 located in the shaft. In the case of a machine in the pit, the limit switch is located in the lower part of the shaft. For machines at the top of the shaft, a temporary limit switch may be located in the top of the shaft. This limit switch is part of the shaft safety system.

The functioning of the present invention will now be described as follows according to an embodiment of a machine-room-less elevator in a pit. In order to enter the pit, the landing door must be manually opened. When the lowermost landing door is manually opened, the shaft safety device is activated. This will activate a control system of the shaft safety system, illuminate the working lights in the shaft, activate the temporary operating limit switch and prevent the car from being operated from any other position than the shaft. In addition to illuminating the working area of the machine, work lighting is also used as a warning signal that the shaft safety system is activated or deactivated. When the shaft safety system is activated, temporarily operating the limit switch prevents the car from running below a certain height of at least the minimum required safety height as provided by the machine room. The car can be lowered past the temporarily operated limit switches only by specific operations on the shaft operating panel, eg for maintenance on the lower part of the car. After exiting the pit, the shaft safety device and the shaft safety system must be reset manually from the landing level by pulling out a pawl or pressing a button into a key-locked hall panel.

The effect of the invention is that the shaft safety system is activated immediately when a person manually opens the lowermost landing door. This person can safely enter the pit and there is no risk of accidentally falling down during his stay in the pit due to the movement of the car from another position. Moreover, dynamic maintenance can be safely carried out from the well pit, and there is no danger of the machine box accidentally falling even if the machine box is moved to the part to be maintained without attention or a wrong operation is performed. However, it is still possible to lower the car to perform maintenance on the lower part of the car.

Figures 2 and 3 show an embodiment of a shaft safety device which includes a triangular key lock 19 in the landing door panel 13. The triangular key lock is also part of a conventional door locking system. When the triangular key lock is manually operated, the rod 18 associated with the triangular key lock lifts a mechanism. This turns the door latch 14a, which is hingedly connected to the door hanger 14, and the door latch is no longer locked behind the fixed latch 14b, the door panel, the door hanger, and everything connected to the door hanger Can be moved aside. During normal car operation, the door latch is rotated by means of blades 14c fixed to the car door which cause the door latch to rotate when the blades 14c come into contact with the rollers of the door latch. Also, with this conventional door lock system, the second lever 20 is secured to the triangular key lock on the opposite side from the lever 18 . The bracket 17 is installed behind the triangular key lock. A stop 16 comprising a bolt and nut assembly is secured to the bracket 17 . The second rod 20 is fixed on the triangular key lock and is on the side opposite the rod 18 . The free end of this rod 20 is hingedly connected to a belt 21 . This band is connected by bolts to a specific bending band 22 which is oriented in the same direction as band 21 . A slot is provided in one of these straps to adjust the overall length of the strap. The other end of the strap 22 is hingedly connected to a plate 24 . The plate is also hingedly connected to a bracket 23 mounted on the door hanger 14 . The curved portion of this plate 24 can be in contact with the rod 25 . This bar is fixed on the safety switch bar 28. The safety switch is mounted and located in a switch frame 29 fixed on top of the top box 15 . The switch locking lever 26 with the reserved gap is hingedly connected with the switch frame and the switch locking lever 26 is pressed against the safety switch lever by a spring 27 .

The function of the shaft safety device is as follows. To manually open the door, the triangular key lock is turned with the triangular key. The lever attached to the triangular key lock also turns. When the rod 20 pulls down on the strap 22, the rod 18 will operate the door latch. The rotation of the triangular key lock and the fixedly connected lever in the opposite direction are limited by a stop 16 . When lever 22 is pulled down, lever 24 will turn counterclockwise and lift lever 25 . This activates the safety switch and at the same time the locking lever 26 is rotated to a higher step below the safety switch lever under the action of the spring force. After the lever 24 returns to the default position, the safety switch lever is held in the activated position by the action of the locking lever. In order to reset the safety switch again, the locking lever must be turned manually or electrically against the spring force.

The effect of this shaft safety device is that the safety switch is activated immediately when the triangular key lock is turned. This means that the shaft safety system is activated even before the landing doors are actually opened. The safety switch is fixed on a stationary part so that it does not cause wiring difficulties. A bi-stable security door lock is available which results from the use of a locking lever. Installation is simple due to the low number of parts and the length of the parts connected by the parts on the top box to the parts on the door panel is adjustable.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a shaft safety device in combination with a triangular key lock 36 fixed in the door panel 30 . A stopper 33 comprising a bolt and nut assembly is secured to the bracket 34, which is secured to the door panel. Two plates 35 and 37 are fixed on the triangular key lock. Plate 37 is hingedly connected to strap 38 . The plates 38 and 39 are connected by bolts. Slots for these bolted connections are provided in one of the plates to adjust the overall length of the combined plates. Plate 39 is hingedly connected to flat plate 41 , which is hingedly connected to bracket 40 . This bracket is fixed to the door hanger 31 . The safety switch lever 45 is extended by the lever 42 . The rod has a bend at its free end above the plate 41 . The locking lever 43 is a plate reserved with a specific notch on the area in contact with the safety switch lever. A spring 44 maintains contact between the locking lever and the safety switch lever. The safety switch is mounted in a switch frame 46 fixed on top of the top box 32 .

The function of the shaft safety device is similar to that of the shaft safety device shown in FIG. 2 .

The effect of this embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment shown in Figure 2, except that the components installed in the top box have another shape and are also different with respect to the door hanger, the position of the safety switch is closer The center of the landing gate. This may be an advantage in cases where other components are mounted on the door hanger or top box.

FIG. 5 shows a shaft safety device in combination with a triangular key lock 50 in the door panel 47 . A stopper 54 is fixedly connected with the bracket 53, and the bracket 53 is fixed on the door panel. The rod 51 is fixed on the triangular key lock. One side has a free end in contact with bar 52 , while the other end is hingedly connected to rod 55 . The length of the rod is adjustable. It is provided with two plates connected by bolts and provided with a slot in one of the plates. Rod 55 is hinged to plate 56 which is hinged to door hanger 49 . A torsion spring 57 is provided around this connection point to hold the panel in a default position during normal door operation. A portion of the plate 56 is curved so as to be able to contact a slide bar 58 when it is rotated. The strip is guided by a plate 59 mounted on the door hanger. During normal operation, the spring 60 holds the slider in its default position. The structural members of the two plates 61 are mounted on top of the slide bars, the two plates 61 being fastened together with a slot-and-bolt connection. The top of the uppermost plate is bent so as to bring the top of the uppermost plate into contact with the rod 61 which is mounted on the switch rod 62 when the slide bar is lifted. The bistable switch 63 itself is mounted on a switch frame 64 . The switch frame is fixed on top of the top box 48 .

The function of this embodiment of the shaft safety device is similar to that of the embodiments of the shaft safety device shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 .

The effect of this embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 4, except that, for this embodiment, another area of the door hanger is available for mounting some components of the device. This embodiment requires more parts and more adjustments during installation than the previously described embodiments.

Figure 6 shows an embodiment of a mechanical locking mechanism of a shaft safety device for a non-bistable switch. A plate 65 with specific notches is hinged 66 with the switch frame. A torsion spring 67 is provided to keep the plate 65 in contact with the switch lever. A reset lever 68 is hingedly connected to plate 65 .

The function of this locking mechanism is to change a non-bistable switch into a bistable switch. The plate 65 hooks around the switch rod when it is lifted by operation of the shaft safety device. In this case, the switch lever is kept in the activated position, even when the pit safety device is no longer active. The reset lever 68 must be pulled up to release the switch lever again.

The locking mechanism has the effect that it enables a non-bistable switch to be used in a bistable shaft safety device.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of a shaft safety device which includes a triangular key lock 70 in the door panel 69 . A small bi-stable safety switch 76 is mounted behind the door panel. A lever 71 is secured to the triangular key lock to simultaneously operate the slide bar 72 and safety switch pin 74 of the door latch mechanism. Specific wiring for the safety switch 75 is routed behind the curved side of the door panel. The safety switch is provided with a reset button 76 to reset the switch.

The function of this embodiment of the shaft safety device is as follows. When the triangular key lock is turned, the engaged lever lifts the bar of the door latch mechanism and pushes down the operating pin of the safety switch. After leaving the pit, the shaft safety must be reset by pulling the reset button on the safety switch behind the door panel.

The effect of this embodiment is that the structure for activating and resetting the shaft safety device is very simple.

FIG. 9 shows a slightly different embodiment of a shaft safety device comprising a triangular key lock 78 secured in a door panel 77 . A specially shaped rod 79 is attached to the triangular key lock. The lever has a free end that contacts the sliding bar of the door latch mechanism 80 and a specific switch operating lever 82 of a small bi-stable safety switch 81 . The switch is mounted on the bracket 83 . The bracket is secured to the curved side of the door panel by means of a bolt connection, slots for the bolt connection being provided in the bracket and the door panel. The specific wiring for this switch is routed behind the curved side of the door panel. The switch is provided with a reset button 85 .

The function of this embodiment is as follows. Rotation of the triangular key lock rotates the engagement lever, which simultaneously lifts the slide bar of the door latch mechanism and the switch operating lever. The shape of the lever is such that the switch operating lever is lifted within a certain range. After leaving the pit, the shaft safety must be reset by pulling the reset button on the safety switch behind the door panel.

The effect of this embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment shown in Figure 8, except that the reset button is located closer to the side of the door panel and thus more easily accessible. Thanks to the specially shaped rods that are attached to the triangular key lock, there is no danger of damaging the switch by turning the triangular key lock too far.

FIG. 10 also shows a slightly different embodiment of a shaft safety device incorporating a triangular key lock 87 secured in a door panel 86 . A rod 88 secured to the triangular key lock extends to one side. The free end can freely contact with the small and exquisite bistable safety switch 90 . This switch is installed on the bracket 91, and bracket 91 is fixed on the upper curved plate of door panel. The switch is provided with a reset button 92 . A lever 93 engages the reset button and is hingedly connected 94 to a specially shaped bracket 95 somewhere in the centre. The bracket is fixed to the curved side panel of the door panel and guides a sliding bar 97 . During normal operation, the spring 96 keeps the slider in the default position. The end of the slide bar on the inside of the door panel is free to contact a lever 93 which is connected to a reset button. In front of the other end of the slider, a small hole 98 is provided in the side of the door panel.

The function of this embodiment is as follows. Rotation of the triangular key lock rotates the engagement lever. This turn lifts the slide bar of the door latch mechanism and activates the safety switch of the shaft safety device. After leaving the pit, the shaft safety system must be reset by pushing a pen into the small hole in the side of the door panel. This will translate the slide bar against the force of the spring and rotate the lever that engages the reset button about the pivot point. The reset button will be pulled. After the pen leaves the hole, the spring will return the slider to its default position.

The effect of this embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment shown in Figure 8, except that resetting is easily done from the side of the door panel.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show an embodiment of a shaft safety device including a triangular keyed lock 105 in the top jamb 100 . The upper beam of a door frame where the top jamb is in the shaft wall. A frame 106 made of a special curved plate is mounted under the triangular key lock. A curved plate 108 is secured on top of the triangular key lock. Springs 104 are mounted between the plate and the frame. Screws 107 are secured to the frame on the other side of the triangular key lock. At the end of the plate 108 the inner wire of the cable 110 is mounted close to the spring means. The end near the outer wire of the triangular key lock is mounted on a bracket 103 which is mounted on the top jamb. The other end of the cable 110 is mounted on the free end of a rod 112 which is located on top of the top box. The cables are located between the shaft wall and the top box. One free end of a particular curved plate 101 is located in the path of rotation of the plate 108, while the other end is connected to the door latch.

The rod 112 is a specific curved plate which has a horizontal bend where the cables are mounted and an oblique bend at the other end. It is hingedly connected with a bracket 111 at a certain distance from both ends, and the bracket 111 is fixed on the top case 102 . The rod 112 has a free end that is in contact with the switch operating rod 113 . Small and exquisite bistable button full switch 114 is mounted on frame 115, and frame 115 is also mounted on the top of top box. A reset lever 118 is mounted on the reset button 116 of the switch. A spring 117 is provided between the reset lever and the top case to prevent the reset button from being pulled by the mass of the reset lever.

The function of this embodiment is as follows. Turning of the triangular key lock will also turn the engaged plates. This not only enables the plate 101 to turn to open the door latch, but also pulls the inner wire a certain distance from the outer wire. The lever 112 will rotate about the pivot point and lift the switch operating lever, activating the switch. After the triangular key lock is released, a spring returns the engaging plate to the default position. This stop prevents the plate from turning too far. This will release the pulled wire and the rod 112 will rotate back to the original position. But the bistable switch will remain enabled. After leaving the pit, the switch must be reset by pulling the reset lever. This will pull out the switch's reset button.

The effect of this embodiment is that the shaft safety system for the elevator is operated with a triangular key lock located on the top jamb. The position of the safety switch on the top box is variable within a range due to the use of cables connecting the components on the top jamb to the components on the top box. Since the cables are located between the top box and the shaft wall, there is no conflict between components located inside the top box.

FIG. 13 shows an embodiment of a shaft safety device that differs slightly from that shown in FIG. 12 , in that a triangular key lock 135 is located in the top jamb 120 . A frame made of bent plates 134 fits under the triangular key lock. A long screw 133 is secured to the frame on one side of the triangular key lock. A spring 136 is secured to the frame on the side opposite the triangular key lock. The other end of the spring is fixed on the curved plate 132, which is fixed on the top of the triangular key lock. A hooked plate 131 has pivot joints to the top jambs at the corners. One free end is located within the path of rotation of the curved plate 132 . The inner wire of the cable 121 is fixed on the other free end. The cables include inner and outer wires and are located between the top box 129 and the shaft wall. The cables are guided by brackets 122, which are fixed to the top box. The outer wire near the triangular key lock is secured to the top case. The other end of the cable is secured to the rod 124 . The rod is hinged at a distance from the free end to a bracket 128 which is fixed to the top of the top case. A spring 123 is mounted between the rod and the top box. The part of the lever at the other side of the pivoting part has a free end which contacts the switch operating lever 126 of the compact bistable safety switch 125 . The switch is mounted on a frame on top of the top case. Rod 127 is hingedly connected to the opposite end of the switch operating lever at which a cable is secured to operate the door latch. Reset again with the reset lever engaged with the reset button of the safety switch.

The function of this embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 except for the following differences. The cable is straight and not bent. The inner cable is not mounted directly on the plate fixed on top of the triangular key lock, but utilizes another component. Rotation of the plate fixed on top of the triangular key lock will come into contact with the vertically mounted plate. Therefore, the plate will also turn and pull out the inner wire of the cable. A spring arranged between a lever on top of the top box and the top box ensures that said lever returns to its default position after the triangular key lock is released. There are no components in the shaft safety device or even the door latch operator located in the top box.

The effect of this embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 .

Figure 14 shows an embodiment of a shaft safety device that operates based on the combination of opening the landing door and the presence or absence of the cabin on the same landing level. In addition to conventional door latch systems having a roller set 137 , a second set of rollers 138 connected to a connecting plate 139 is pivotally connected to a door hanger 140 . A stiff spring is set to hold the plate in its upward default position. A conventional door latch is operated with conventional blades 137a on the car door, while another set of blades 138b on the cage door will operate the other set of rollers. A safety switch 147 with an extended switch lever 141 is secured to a switch frame 146 mounted on top of the top box 150 . A special cutting plate 144 is hinged to the frame at point 145 and engages the frame side with spring 143 . A wire 148 is secured to the free end of the plate, which is located on the outside of the switch frame. The line is guided by small object 151 on reversing pulleys 142 and 149 . A tab 152 is mounted in the line at one end that is accessible from the landing floor when the landing door is open a small area.

The function of this embodiment of the shaft safety device is as follows. On the car frame or door, two sets of blades are installed parallel to each other. When the door is at the same level as the landing in question, these vanes turn the two sets of rollers against the force of the spring. This will open the door latch and at the same time lower the plate connected to the second set of rollers. When the door is opened, the plate underlies the extended switch lever and translates without contact. Thus, the switch will not be activated. A different situation arises when the door is opened manually and the car is on another floor. In this case, only the door latch will be opened, but the second set of rollers connected to the plate are not operated and remain in the upward default position. When the door is opened, the plate contacts the extended switch lever. The switch is activated. A spring is used to keep the specially cut-out plate in contact with the switch lever so that when the door is closed again, the locking mechanism will ensure that the switch remains actuated. After exiting the pit, the shaft safety system can be reset by pulling the reset line. This will rotate the associated notch-specific plate against the force of the spring and release the switch lever.

The effect of this embodiment is that the triangular key lock is no longer part of the shaft safety device. In this way, no additional force is used to force the triangular key lock to operate the shaft safety device. The landing doors must only be opened over a small area to reset the shaft safety. Of course, an electronic reset device could be provided to reset the shaft safety system from another location (see Figure 16).

Figure 15 shows an embodiment similar to that shown in Figure 14, except that instead of the described locking mechanism for a non-bistable safety switch, a locking mechanism as shown in Figure 6 is used mechanism.

Figure 16 shows a locking mechanism for a non-bistable safety switch as provided in Figures 2, 3 and 4 with an extension of the electronically operated plunger.

The function of this embodiment is to manually operate a switch or button to translate the plunger from another location on the landing pad. The plunger pushes the locking lever downwards against the spring force and releases the switch operating lever.

The effect is that the door does not need to be opened to reset the shaft safety system and resetting the position of the button or switch is more mobile.

Figure 17 is a schematic embodiment of a shaft safety system. The safety switch 168 of the shaft safety device 165 is activated by an operation 167 of manually opening the door 166 . The safety switch is reset 169 by actuating the reset button or pawl 170 from the landing level. The state of the safety switch is communicated 171 to the control system 173 . The control system is part of the overall control 172 of the elevator. Upon actuation of the safety switch, the control system cuts 176 the safety chain, turns on 174 working lighting 175 , provides a signal 177 to the elevator control and activates 180 the temporary limit switch 184 . Cutting of the safety chain also provides a signal 178 to the elevator control to shut down. The elevator controls control 181 elevator car 182 movement and car operating capabilities 190 , 191 and 192 through shaft operators 187 , car roof operators 188 and hall operators 189 . The car operating capabilities 190 and 191 are immediately disconnected via the car roof operating device 188 and the hall operating device 189 when the elevator control receives a signal that the shaft safety system is activated. The car operation 192 is kept active by the shaft operator only, but with speed checks only.

If the elevator car reaches the same height as the minimum required height of the machine room, then it will operate the 183 temporary limit switch. The temporary limit switch provides a signal 180 to the control system immediately when activated. The control system sends 177 this signal to the elevator control which will stop 181 the car. However, in the case of a pit, the elevator car may be lowered past the temporary limit switch when the cancellation 186 of both the shaft operating device and the temporary limit switch is activated 185 . This command can be sent to the elevator control device via the control system.

In a preferred embodiment, the control system only resets the safety switch if the landing doors are closed.

When the control system receives a signal that the shaft safety device has been reset, it will secure the safety chain, switch off the working lighting, the temporary limit switch is closed and the elevator control device receives a signal to resume normal operation.

Claims (22)

1. elevator, this elevator comprises: the cage in lift pin; Be used to open and close the landing door of lift pin inlet, can enter working environment in the lift pin by described inlet; And be used for from the shaft safety system of cage protection the surfaceman of working environment, it is characterized in that, described shaft safety system comprises: a safety shaft device, described safety shaft device is to be provided with like this, promptly, when described landing door is opened or releasedly starts described safety shaft device automatically when preparing to open, and need reset by artificial mode and can close described safety shaft device; And one be used to control the control system that described cage moves, wherein said safety shaft device links to each other with described control system, if and described safety shaft device is activated, then control system is in a kind of safety mode, and wherein control system can stop cage to be moved beyond a desired location in the vertical shaft on the direction of working environment.

2. elevator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the control system that is in safety mode also prevents from from any position except that the working environment vertical shaft cage to be controlled.

3. elevator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described shaft safety system also is provided with an interim limit switch that is arranged in described lift pin and links to each other with described control system, wherein, described interim limit switch is to be provided with like this, promptly, if cage is moved beyond the desired location, operate described interim limit switch by cage so, and if operate described interim limit switch by cage, the safety control system that is in safety mode so makes cage stop to move.

4. elevator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described shaft safety system also comprises the vertical shaft illumination, if described device is activated, control system is in safety mode, and so described vertical shaft illumination is activated to illuminate working environment.

5. elevator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described safety shaft device comprises a safety switch, described safety switch is to be provided with like this, that is, if described landings door is opened or releasedly opens with preparation, so described safety switch can be operated into the second place from primary importance, described safety switch links to each other with described control system, if described safety switch is in its second place, control system is in safety mode so.

6. elevator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, mechanically makes described safety switch be operated into the second place from primary importance.

7. as claim 5 or 6 described elevators, it is characterized in that, described safety shaft device also comprises a key lock, described key lock is to be provided with like this, that is, can near the door that lands, operate, if utilize one and the corresponding key operated described key lock of described key lock from described vertical shaft outside, so described key lock can make the door that lands unclamp preparing and open, and described key lock can be controlled safety switch and makes it be operated into the second place from primary importance.

8. as claim 5 or 6 described elevators, it is characterized in that, described safety shaft device also comprises a key lock, described key lock is to be provided with like this, promptly, can near the door that lands, operate from described vertical shaft outside, if utilize one and the corresponding key operated described key lock of described key lock, so described key lock can make the door that lands unclamp with preparation and open, if and described landing door is opened, so described key lock can be controlled safety switch makes it be operated into the second place from primary importance.

9. elevator as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that described key lock is mechanically controlled described safety switch.

10. elevator as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, mechanical device is set so that the rotation of described key lock is changed into translation to control described safety switch.

11. elevator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described safety switch is a kind of bistable switch.

12. elevator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, a kind of mechanical locking is set so that described safety switch becomes bistable switch.

13. elevator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described safety switch is to be provided with like this,, in artificial mode described safety switch is reset to primary importance from the second place from described working environment that is.

14. elevator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described safety switch is to be provided with like this,, in artificial mode described safety switch is reset to primary importance from the second place from described vertical shaft outside that is.

15. elevator as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, utilization resets described safety switch with the ratchet of described safety switch mechanical linkages, and when spurring or pushing described ratchet described safety switch is reset.

16. elevator as claimed in claim 13, it is characterized in that, utilize an electronic operation plunger and one to reset button described safety switch reset, and if the described button that resets be operated, so described plunger resets described safety switch.

17. elevator as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, utilize an electronic operation plunger and one to reset button described safety switch reset, and if the described button that resets be operated, so described plunger resets described safety switch.

18. elevator as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that, the described button that resets is positioned at can be from the exterior Room of vertical shaft approaching a key lock Room panel or other key locker back.

19. elevator as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, if described landing door is in closed condition, can only realize resetting described safety switch so.

20. elevator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, such device is set, that is, if cage can only make described safety switch be operated into the second place from primary importance not in the back of the described door that lands so.

21. elevator as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, in vertical shaft, be provided with one first and reset button, reset button from one second of the outer setting of described vertical shaft, make second to reset button and be operated after button is operated if reset, can only make described safety switch be reset to primary importance so from the second place first.

22. elevator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, can control a desired location that stops cage to be moved beyond on the direction of working environment in the vertical shaft by the operation that a people who makes in described working environment is scheduled to.

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