CN1222379C

CN1222379C - Process and device for producing camshafts

Info

Publication number: CN1222379C
Application number: CNB971952779A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 米夏埃尔·塞弗特; 托马斯·韦勒
Original assignee: Dr Meleghy & Co KG Werkzeugbau und Presswerk GmbH
Current assignee: Dr. Meleghy GmbH & Co. KG Werkzeugbau Und Presswerk
Priority date: 1996-06-04
Filing date: 1997-06-03
Publication date: 2005-10-12
Anticipated expiration: 2017-06-03
Also published as: CA2257354A1; SK165098A3; TR199802524T2; DE19622372A1; CN1221361A; KR20000016325A; BR9709540A; EP0907436A1; JP2001517154A; WO1997046341A1; PL330608A1; CZ295968B6; CZ372198A3; SK285010B6; DE19622372B4; HUP0001695A2; HUP0001695A3

Abstract

In order to be able economically to produce longitudinal hollow body components, especially camshafts, not only with a saving in tooling and working steps but also with increased efficiency, projections or cams (6) from a hollow shaft (5) are made by high internal pressure forming in such a way that the form and/or position of the projections (6) can be shaped in several steps.

Description

Make the method and apparatus of camshaft

The present invention relates to a kind of method of long hollow object, particularly camshaft and device of implementing this method made.

Known the method for many kinds manufacturing camshafts.Basically be divided into two groups here.

Belong to first group be the camshaft that adopts conventional method to make, camshaft or forging or cast as blank, exactly, not only as solid but also as chill casting, here, two semi-finished product also will carry out other procedure of processing, promptly at first carry out machinery, machining, and then adopt heat treatment to carry out surface tempering then and handle, grind bearing support position and cam at last.Particularly its weight is heavier for the shortcoming of the camshaft of Zhi Zaoing like this, thereby has also produced higher the moment of inertia, and this for example can cause damage to bearing by change in torque, and can cause very high cost in the blank procedure of processing.

Belong to second group be the camshaft that engages, in this camshaft, cam adopts the same axle of various different modes to connect as the single part manufacturing then.Such as, cam can be soldered on the hollow shaft or be inserted on the pipe and shrink fit to this above pipe.Known for a kind of manufacture in back, put the pipe of cam or hollow shaft put into a correspondingly configured mould neutralization according to inner high voltage-deformation method (IHU-method) the pipe hole enlargement, here, cam elastic dilatation and the hole enlargement of pipe plasticity, like this, by interference fit cam is sat on pipe or the hollow shaft regularly.

When adopting the IHU-method, tubular, hollow spare to be out of shape bears internal pressure and simultaneously to the axial force of one end effect.Liquid or elastomer are suitable for as pressure medium.In general can adopt rigid tool to transmit axial force, resemble piston, drift and can be the similar article of the direct or indirect generation effect of workpiece one end.

From DE3409541A1 and DE3521206A1, known axle example that engage according to above-mentioned implication or assembling.The common ground of two kinds of known suggestions is, expense will be fixed to functor on the axle than the independent manufacturing in highland, particularly under single manufacturing cam situation, can cause very high expense, and the whole operation relevant with the needed step of joining process cost is also than higher.

In addition, a kind of method of cicada from US-PS2222762, in this method, tubular blank at first heats, and puts into a model then.Because the blank of heating easy deformation is by means of support media, gas or liquid are from the inside stabilisation.Simultaneously, or the mould itself by moving design or the axial force brought by means of the drift that has nothing to do with mould are pressed into blank in the mould, and here, support media is responsible for making the not slump of blank of heating.The shortcoming of this method is, obtains necessary plasticity in order to make material, and blank in advance must heating, so that be pressed in the mould.This heating means, except metallographic structure changes, also will increase by a procedure more, and this procedure makes this method expense too high.In addition, operating pressure only obtains by axial force, thereby this has caused material to flow inhomogeneous and has caused the stress distribution in the workpiece inhomogeneous.

A kind of method of making camshaft of cicada from JP 57206530A, in this method, the hollow object of a heating in advance was pressed in the mould by means of one step of pressure fluid.It here also is prior heating; In addition, axially do not promote, this causes material stream inhomogeneous equally; In addition, deforming step can not be carried out continuously, and step distortion can only be carried out.

The present invention is based on this problem, promptly creates a kind ofly not only can save instrument and job step but also can reduce the expense of making longer hollow object and method and a kind of device of implementing this method of avoiding wall thickness to reduce under the situation of raising the efficiency.

This problem can adopt inner high voltage one deformation method of the present invention to solve, and promptly cam individually or in couples is shaped to axle head in the middle of axle under the situation that axially pushes material in succession.That is to say, IHU-method and prior art have the difference of essence now, promptly be not used to creation interference fit seat, perhaps enlarge hollow shaft as in the DE3521206A1 situation, creating additional axial restraint, but be used for whole distortion of projection (cam), especially the cam of itself making-simply following and be referred to as " hollow object " or " hollow shaft " or " axle " without limitation, the special lowland of cost but also can in technical process, save the time that is used to make whole hollow object not only when projection (cam) continuous modification thus by pipe or section bar.

Here, the various different common ground of implementing in other structure of the present invention are that hollow shaft is distortion in multistep is rapid, wherein according to its structure and/or its position on axle, cam progressive forming.Therefore mean, also be shown specifically that cam can reach its last form step by step on the one hand, but also can arrange desired order to be shaped in succession with it on the other hand on axle as following embodiment.Certainly, these two kinds of possibilities also can overlappingly be used.

In advantageous forms of implementation of the present invention, cam is shaped in succession to axle head in the middle of axle, and this can adopt economic especially mode to carry out in pairs.Also can imagine like this, the other end of cam from an end of axle to axle is shaped.The remarkable advantage of this process is particularly not need single manufacturing cam thereby the lower manufacturing of cost, and calibrating and situation about providing can make axial material flow enter each deformed area unblockedly.According to the present invention, by applying axial force and feed motion pipe end feed can not that is to say owing to the paired cam that exists previously stops, tube material can be sent into each deformed area unblockedly.If this is a pair of to be shaped, then a pair of cam forms down.Advantage wherein is, the compression stress by axial generation can reach tube material deformation extent bigger, that surpass the material elongation at break.In addition, reduce the wall thickness attenuation in deformed area (cam that will be shaped) greatly, that is to say, can obtain uniform wall thickness, that is to say, reached higher part stability.Can there be many possibilities to be suitable for practical application.

Like this cam can according to Place object resist clearly a plurality of aspect it returns the pressure of controllable slide plate or similar article single or be shaped in succession in groups.

Hereto with following embodiment, in conjunction with the possibility that illustrated in the past, be that cam is shaped in succession to axle head in the middle of axle, special advantage is, entering the material that is positioned at interior zone by control flows, that is to say, can not occur higher material tension (ironing) in the middle of axle, because at the cam shaping that is positioned at the inside, the cam that material stream can not deposited at it when axially pushing material previously stops.In addition, can make by extending the camshaft that the ability materials with smaller is made by this, it have higher cam height and more cam to the bearing support branch.Resemble such as the needed camshaft of twelve-cylinder engine.At ends materials with smaller jumping-up (it is flat to upset) and uniform Thickness Distribution are arranged, another favourable possibility is that wall thickness totally reduces where necessary.

In the present invention, can use various cold forming material, such as resembling " special (tailored) blank ", " special pipe ", and except monolayer material, also can adopt double layer material, for example resemble the hollow object of steel/steel or steel/aluminium combined material, samdwich hollow spare or coating; For steel/aluminium combined material, steel is preferentially as outer filler, and aluminium is as the internal layer filler.Can reach the workpiece characteristic by this improves greatly; Steel sheath has brought better antiwear characteristic, heat treatment characteristic and torque characteristics, and the aluminium lamination of the inside is a kind of good supporting material and has advantage aspect weight.The combined material of shrink fit (Schrumpfsitz) can be used as the original semi-finished product of multilayer that are shaped according to the present invention, yet, but also can or adopt continuous cast method to make this semi-finished product by mutual extrusion.

In the modification of speaking of in front, can in the desired moment, exert pressure the single or pressurization in couples according to operating position or rather to slide plate.In favourable operational feasibility, give the hydraulic cylinder of each slide plate by configuration, but make the control of their Stroke Control and power, wherein, from the axle center when axle head is shaped, for the groove milling that is arranged in inner cam or associated mould, do not need slide plate, be shaped because begin to carry out cam there, and during during this period of time, in remaining groove milling, slide plate is pressed to the outer wall of hollow shaft always, and making does not have shaft distortion in these positions; There, cam just formed in the moment afterwards.

Except the fluid power pressurization of selecting slide plate or its piston or drift, also can adopt mechanical stroke control, exactly, by parallel with a hollow shaft longitudinal axis basically mobile spline, spline is equipped with the direct acting wedge shaped projection of drift, like this, and the stroke that the appropriate exercise by spline can adjusting slider, that is to say, adopt this embodiment can on purpose cover the groove milling that need not pressurize or open those not should or just at position that cam is shaped.

Can outwards carry out cam according to the particularly advantageous operational feasibility of the present invention so in succession is shaped from the lining, promptly carry out each manufacturing step in different die region, that is to say, though between each technical process step, need change workpiece to another female part by a female part from mould, yet, can make the more simple in structure of mould and cost lower by this; In addition, in this case, moving element such as slide plate or similar articles need not be set, if there is not position problems, this totally at first is to be used for supporting because for example, 6 cams and correspondingly be furnished with in three moulds of needs when the lining outwards forms in couples groove milling the workpiece female part.

As a kind of selection scheme, the moulding that the cam localized target is clear and definite also can be undertaken by the inner axis of heart that inserts hollow shaft, this can adopt and resemble the slide plate that illustrates previously, the mode of the sort of identical effect, at first stops the shaping at certain position, and the slide plate of this and hollow shaft the inside is different certainly.Have only the cam (outside) that will be shaped at that time to be applied in pressure (part), like this, have only there and can be out of shape from the lining; Therefore other scope is not exerted pressure, and does not produce deformation force there yet, that is to say, here need not keep in the slide plate opposing to press, but stop by inner axis of heart the hollow shaft inwall that also should not enter in the distortion groove milling zone is exerted pressure.Therefore, the axial compressive force brought of machinery is with internal pressure upset (jumping-up) and do not having axle to overcome the hollow shaft inwall that pressure covers and having one or more groove milling place to produce desired distortion at last there only together.

In practical structures, advantageously adopted two inner axis of heart, they insert hollow shaft in both sides and have and can make their insert or enter diameter in the piston that mechanical axial force is sent on the pipe end.By this, again can be from beginning to carry out favourable, local continuous cam shaping in the middle of the axle to axle head.Certainly, inner axis of heart must be furnished with the coaxial passage that runs through, so that make pressure medium can arrive the axle the inside.

This structure of the present invention allows, and concentrating in mould under the lower die cost of cost has the many groove millings of quantity.

What mention is, also can be in scope of invention since a semi-finished product processing, and its upset (jumping-up) and/or transverse rolling by traditional method such as by hollow shaft carries out preform.This provides possibility, material is set on this hollow shaft position that cam should be shaped piles up, to overcome the extension ability that wall thickness reduces and may be not enough.

Other details and advantage have been introduced by means of being attached to the accompanying drawing back, that show favorable structure of the present invention below.Illustrated in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1: with shown in the form of cross sectional side view put under reset condition and the end-state workpiece and also not with the basic structure mould of auxiliary tools;

Fig. 2: with the mould shown in Fig. 1 compare more detailed, have in some moulding nests separately a mould by hydraulic jack Stroke Control and power control slide plate

Fig. 3: with the spline that is used for control chart 2 slide plate drifts shown in the schematic diagram;

Fig. 4: with shown in the vertical view section, have a plurality of chucks that are used for progressively making workpiece, the inside has and is in half part of mould of shaped state workpiece at that time;

Fig. 5: with shown in the vertical view section, have put into, the workpiece (hollow shaft) finished of part and partly cover the hollow shaft inwall inner axis of heart, in half part of mould of another operational version;

Fig. 6: a predeformation hollow shaft that in for example according to the mould of Fig. 1, uses as original semi-finished product.

Before inquiring into schematic diagram in detail, do some basic explanations earlier.At first be noted that the workpiece that net shape has been shown in the top of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and show reset condition in the lower part or figure 6 illustrates incipient intermediateness.In addition, the common ground of Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 is, they show in schematic form be applicable to inner high voltage one deformation method, so-called IHU-method basically and level mould divided into two parts preferably.They have the recess (mould inner mould chamber) that one or more its shape also will describe in detail below, refer to hollow shaft puts into opening and is positioned in the drift mould lateral surface, operation in known manner and apply axial force at end face workpiece to be out of shape, under existing situation, wherein, pressure medium is pressed into hollow shaft the inside simultaneously, makes workpiece be subjected to high internal pressure like this and in the axial force of pipe end effect.In the mould of sealing, form desired projection (cam) thus.The side direction drift is determined its diameter dimension like this, makes them can insert in the mould and upset (jumping-up) hollow shaft, and has the passage of coaxial stretching, extension, and pressure medium can arrive the hollow shaft the inside by these passages.Drift is equipped with seal head at its free end, these seal heads as semi-finished product (pipe) in the sealing of pipe end be used for axial force is imported workpiece and pressure is imported workpiece inside.Preferably, pressure produces (hydraulic jack of structure image) by a pressure multipier and can raise (liquid in pressure multipier the inside is compressed) or reduce (liquid is unloaded).

In Fig. 1, for explanation on the whole shows a mould with the first half 1 and the latter half 2 very simply, this mould has constituted hollow cavity 3 as the camshaft net shape at closed state.To explain this, here just each cam be illustrated in a plane in order to clearly demonstrate; This point equally also is applicable to other advantageous embodiment description.Certainly, in general they are the angles that radially stagger.Hollow cavity 3 in the end should have on the position of cam some corresponding groove millings 4 are arranged, and under existing embodiment situation, owing to be that schematic diagram only shows 3, the respective wall district of hollow shaft is pressed in the groove milling.Groove milling is the part of the entire die inside cavity (moulding nest) of wherein putting into a workpiece.

The reset condition of hollow shaft 5 has been shown in the latter half of Fig. 1, and in the first half, has shown the end-state of the cam 6 that finishes of being shaped, that is to say, according to the integrally manufactured camshaft of the present invention.Lateral pressure drift with pressure punch top 8 represents to have a coaxial channel that runs through 9 according to this lateral pressure drift of left profile figure with 7, pressure medium arrives hollow shaft 5 the insides by passage.

In this form of implementation, hollow pipe 5 put into have the mould 1/2 of wanting builder cam axle geometry and by inner high voltage along with axially pushing material deformation.That is to say, produce axial force by pressure punch 7 near hollow shaft 5 end faces, and simultaneously pressure medium flows through that passage 9 is sent into and in hollow shaft distortion during pressure punch pushes the mould the inside under the influence of two overlapping power, until till the shown end-state, hollow shaft 5 reaches its end-state continuously from its reset condition like this.

The form of implementation that illustrates has below adopted the relevant label that is used for Fig. 1 appropriate section.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 2, as former explanation, mould is made up of the first half 1 and the latter half 2, and its cavity 3 is shaped according to the desired geometry of camshaft.At this, in this embodiment, in mould, be provided with 6 groove millings 4 and be used for 6 cams of wanting moulding at that time.For for simplicity, the pressure medium input channel 9 of leading to drift 7/8 does not illustrate.Here, only slide plate 11a that illustrates in schematic form or 11b are arranged among the groove milling 4a and the 4b outside, that is to say axle head, the double-head arrow shown in the basis basically can be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis motion of hollow shaft 5 in groove milling for these slide plates, exactly, move by drift 13a or the 13b that is connected with hydraulic jack 12a or 12b.Thus, but the control of

slide plate

11a and 11b Stroke Control and power; In the home position, their end face is positioned at the upper position of figure, that is to say, by the outer wall of the hollow shaft 5 that inserts the inside.The groove milling 4 of two the insides does not have slide plate.

Technical process is as follows: be arranged in its home position in front because of four

slide plate

11a and 11b, so axially pushing under the shaft material, the cam 6 that at first is positioned at the inside is shaped, material stream not can owing to outside, that is to say that the cam that more relies on axle head is shaped and is hindered.After two cams 6 inside are shaped and finish, thereby outwards the most close the finish oil cylinder 12b of cam of being shaped returns and slide plate 11b is also return and cam 6b is formed as the next one, here, axially material stream can not be blocked yet, because the cam 6a of terminal one side does not also form.In the final stage of IHU-distortion, slide plate 11a returns and corresponding cam 6a is shaped.

Replace the hydraulic operation of

slide plate

11a and 11b, its control and motion also can adopt mechanical type to carry out.For this reason, figure 3 illustrates a spline 14, it shows at slide plate drift 13a, is provided with in the 13b relevant position to be equivalent to slide plate 11a, the wedge shaped projection 15a of 11b quantity, the configuration of 15b quantity.In this case, spline 14 is placed in also can be with respect to hollow shaft 5 longitudinal axis parallel motions in hydraulic jack 12a and the 12b scope, and here, wedge shaped projection 15a and 15b directly work to corresponding drift 13a or 13b.In this case, only need a hydraulic jack unique, that do not illustrate, promote wedge-shaped bar in the horizontal double-headed direction of this hydraulic jack in Fig. 3.In position according to Fig. 3, wedge shaped projection 15a or 15b directly to the drift 13a of its effect and 13b in its inflow location, that is to say, in the position that the cam 6 that is positioned at the inside at first is shaped.

Be moved to the left (Fig. 3) by spline 14, when pressing in hollow shaft 5 applies simultaneously, slide plate 11a in Fig. 2 and 11b be to pressing down, and dodges because its

drift

13a or 13b can move down along the inclined-plane of wedge shaped projection 15a or 15b.

Adopt such spline directly to control in conjunction with the illustrated technical process of Fig. 2 according to the front, go out equally as shown in Figure 3, has relatively shorter end face because be positioned at the spline of the inside, that is to say, when being moved to the left, drift 13b arrived before drift 13a in the wedge cams piece 15b bevel range, like this, at first carried out cam 6b then and be shaped before cam 6a is shaped, the moment in drift 13a arrives wedge shaped projection 15a bevel range is carried out the shaping of cam 6a.

Also can improve material stream when being shaped for inside cam 6, also can lay slide plate in groove milling 4, these slide plates are correspondingly positioned at cam control between wedge shaped projection 15a and the 15b, that do not illustrate here by drift in the corresponding way.

Fig. 4 that side blow head 7/8 here is not shown shows a particularly advantageous form of implementation of the present invention, in this form of implementation, in with the mould the latter half 2 shown in the vertical view, show 3 and be used for moulding nest workpiece, different geometries (being groove milling quantity difference), here, one in this stage at that time completed workpiece 5 be arranged in each moulding nest.Shaping in each moulding nest can simultaneously or be carried out in succession.

Fig. 4 clearly show that the camshaft 5 that six cams are housed is finished in three steps, here, the first processing step hollow mandrel 5 in Fig. 4 on be out of shape in the moulding nest, till two cams 6 that are positioned at the inside are shaped.Then, the semi-finished product of Cheng Xinging are placed in the moulding nest that illustrates below like this, and the moulding nest has two additional groove milling 4b, inside are out of shape at this second stage cam 6b.At last, hollow shaft 5 send into below Fig. 4, be equipped with in the moulding nest of six

groove millings

4,4a, 4b, here be out of shape then and reach end-state.

Fig. 5-same favourable form of implementation-show mould the latter half 2, made the camshaft with 6 cams here, and wherein the cam of two the insides is made.Also can outwards make cam 6 continuously from the lining with this mould; two inner axis of heart 16 have been used for this reason; in shown intermediate fabrication state; these two inner axis of heart are so far away at distolateral insertion hollow shaft 5, make their hollow shaft the inside protection in another technical process, just should be out of shape enter outside the zone of

groove milling

4a and 4b do not suffer internal pressure.For this reason, the external diameter of inner axis of heart allows have certain interval crustal extension formula to insert 5 li of hollow shafts with inwall.Its freely, be positioned at an end of the inside, inner axis of heart 16 is furnished with an apex seal 17 or wedge-type seal packing ring respectively, as long as one produce pressure inside, they just can make pipe or hollow shaft 5 seal.Pressure is high more, and the sealing force of wedge-type seal packing ring is just big more; Therefore, sealing force produces by internal pressure.

In this case, drift 7/8 designs like this, on the one hand as among the illustrated up to now embodiment, drift has an external diameter that allows in its insertion mould openings, that is to say, such external diameter that is about as much as hollow shaft 5 external diameters is arranged, but different with so far embodiment be that it is the sleeve pipe of an expansion, its diameter is so big, can make inner axis of heart insert the inside telescopicly and comes out from the inside.Therefore, drift 7/8 imposes on the distolateral of hollow shaft 5 with its axial force as before, yet inner axis of heart 16 can inside move again simultaneously.Now, the coaxial channel 9 that is used for pressure medium lays respectively at 16 li of inner axis of heart.This can know from the profile of a left side half figure in detail.

Adopt this scheme can realize following technical process: at first, inner axis of heart 16 from be close in end side hollow shaft, enter 7/8 li of drift in the position shown in Fig. 5 and come out and enter hollow shaft 5, this can be undertaken by device suitable, that here do not illustrate, that be positioned at hollow punch 7/8 outer end, and inner axis of heart can pass drift 7/8 such as arrive its outer end for this reason.When and then the part applied internal pressure, the cam 6 of two the insides formed in shown mode.

As next procedure, inner axis of heart 16 is outwards return so far, makes immediate groove milling 4b scope open, like this, internal pressure now can be to this hollow shaft scope generation effect, then, and in order to form cam 6b, this zone enters these groove milling distortion, exactly, be when beginning from pipe end axially to push, here, the length that inner axis of heart 16 is inwardly passed with material moves together inwards, rubs between wedge-type seal packing ring 17 on the axle 16 at heart and the tube wall so that avoid.

Internal pressure reduces after this second couple of cam 6b is shaped at every turn, and like this, that the sealing force of wedge-type seal packing ring 17 drops to is minimum (wedge-type seal packing ring self elastic part).Inner axis of heart 16 also continues outwards to move and descend a pair of cam 6a to be formed after this.

Even in this case, also can reach the best and push material, because each as the operation stage of repeatedly mentioning that works among the embodiment of explanation in front and in the middle of axle, carrying out step by step cam and be shaped to its terminal, in the scope of not exerting pressure, can't be out of shape, thus material can be in the clear by from ends urged.

Just in order to replenish the original semi-finished product that figure 6 illustrates hollow shaft 5 according to varied use possibility of the inventive method, these semi-finished product are to be used to make camshaft with six cams, and by conventional method, resemble hollow shaft upset, transverse rolling or the like preform to state illustrated in fig. 6, here, produce material at the position that cam should be shaped and pile up 19, reduce and the not enough extension ability of material possibility so that overcome wall thickness.Such as such semi-finished product are applicable to resemble in the mould shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 to be processed, and because solid accumulation has also reduced axial material stream.

The present invention is used for making hollow object preferably long, that particularly be employed in the auto industry many-side.

Claims

1. adopt inner high voltage-deformation method to make the method for camshaft, it is characterized in that,

Cam individually or in couples is shaped to axle head in the middle of axle under the situation that axially pushes material in succession.

2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that,

Begin the cam shaping in promotion instrument farthest and process towards the promotion instrument step by step from least one shaft end setting.

3. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that,

But the pressure of the slide plate of a plurality of pressure controls of cam opposing and/or Stroke Control individually or in couples is shaped in succession.

4. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that,

Manufacturing step carries out in different die region.

5. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that,

By at least one enter vertically move in the axle, in its inside, cover the clear and definite shaping of inner axis of heart control cam localized target that does not just in time have the builder cam position.

6. according to claim 1 or 2 described methods, it is characterized in that,

Process many walls hollow shape semi-finished product.

7. be used to adopt inner high voltage-deformation method to make the device of camshaft, have

-one manifold, clamp shaft (5) and be provided with the instrument (1,2) of the groove milling (4) that is used to want builder cam (6); With

Yet-two coaxial produces to upset to axle one end respectively vis-a-vis and hits the drift (7,8) of effect,

-be used for coaxial channel to the inner input pressure medium of axle, and

-have at least one that in axle (5) and drift (7,8), vertically move, insert the hollow inner axis of heart (16) of axle one end respectively,

-at its end that inserts axle (5) seal (17) that is close to an inwall is housed at least.

8. according to the described device of claim 7, it is characterized in that,

A slide plate that can move perpendicular to the axle longitudinal axis is arranged respectively, and (11a 11b) inserts in several at least groove millings (4).

9. according to the described device of claim 7, it is characterized in that,

One or more mould is arranged, and they have a plurality of moulding nests that the varying number groove milling is arranged respectively.

10. according to the described device of claim 9, it is characterized in that,

Two parts mould (1,2) has a plurality of moulding grooves that increase to another admittance place groove milling quantity from an admittance.

11. according to the described device of claim 7, it is characterized in that,

The diameter of the coaxial channel (9) of drift (7,8) allows to make inner axis of heart (16) to insert drift (7,8) lining.