CN1217783A - 注射模塑的制冷机衬垫 - Google Patents

注射模塑的制冷机衬垫 Download PDF

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CN1217783A
CN1217783A CN199898800151A CN98800151A CN1217783A CN 1217783 A CN1217783 A CN 1217783A CN 199898800151 A CN199898800151 A CN 199898800151A CN 98800151 A CN98800151 A CN 98800151A CN 1217783 A CN1217783 A CN 1217783A
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refrigeration machine
liner
machine liner
heat insulation
insulation foam
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A·阿德奥
D·巴斯
A·邦维尼
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Spherilene SRL
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00General constructional features
    • F25D23/06Walls
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/02Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C44/12Incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or reinforcements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00General constructional features
    • F25D23/06Walls
    • F25D23/065Details
    • F25D23/066Liners
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24174Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including sheet or component perpendicular to plane of web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24182Inward from edge of web or sheet
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/2457Parallel ribs and/or grooves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

由热塑性聚合物注射模塑而成的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于带有将绝热泡沫机械结合的装置(1、2、3)。

Description

注射模塑的制冷机衬垫
本发明涉及注射模塑而成的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于可以对绝热泡沫进行机械结合。本发明特别涉及制冷机内部衬垫,它利用热塑性聚合物特别是丙烯聚合物注射模塑而成,并带有适当成形和适当分布的突出部,以便随后可以将绝热泡沫结合在衬垫的背面上而无须对所述表面进行任何特殊的预处理。
目前生产制冷机内部衬垫的技术基本上是基于热塑性薄板、主要是聚苯乙烯薄板的热成型技术。然而这种技术却存在许多缺点,例如主要生产流程中薄板挤压方法生产率低、难以实现薄板的尺寸控制、难以或者甚至不可能综合有复杂结构特征、比如“无霜”制冷机系统中的气流管。
此外,对于实际生产中根据聚合物的物理-机械性能所优选的丙烯聚合物来说,由于另外几个缺点,如熔化强度低、聚合物垂弛过量以及工作温度区间窄,因而几乎不能采用热成型技术。而且为了修整表面从而使其可以按要求与聚氨基甲酸乙酯泡沫结合,利用热成型技术生产的聚丙烯制冷机衬垫需要特殊的处理。
我们发现通过利用注射模塑技术代替热成型技术,在衬垫的形状上引进一些创新性特征,以便可以使衬垫与绝热泡沫之间进行机械结合,所有这些缺点都可以克服,这些特征利用适当形状的模型通过注射模塑技术很容易实现。本发明可用于任何一种热塑性聚合物,但特别适用于聚烯烃,进一步而言特别适用于丙烯聚合物。
本发明的制冷机衬垫在衬垫的背面、即留在制冷机机身内部的表面上具有一些突出装置,以便使与绝热泡沫的结合达到合适的剥离强度,最好在100KPa以上。通过将处于熔融状态或软化状态并与诱发聚合物形成泡沫的膨胀气体混合的拟制成泡沫的聚合物直接置于衬垫的背面之上,可就地制备泡沫。膨胀气体的例子有氮气、二氧化碳、如丁烷、异丁烷及戊烷等挥发性碳氢化合物等。一般的可形成泡沫的聚合物例子包括聚氨基甲酸乙酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯等。如果采用聚氨基甲酸乙酯,泡沫也可通过在多官能醇与聚异氰酸盐之间形成氨基甲酸乙酯键的聚合作用中控制截留的膨胀气体来制备。在这种情况下,泡沫由按照精确控制的配方混合而成的液体反应物制成,并且从混合头中排出后与衬垫的背面相接触。
本发明制冷机内部衬垫的几何特征通过以下参照附图详细的公开内容将变得显而易见,公开内容仅做示例,并无限制作用。图1所示一种为背面带有一组竖直的凸条1的制冷机内部衬垫。图2示出了凸条的水平横截面视图,并详细示出了与模型之间的“导出角”A。导出角是指突出装置与衬垫背面的的法线所成的锐角,该角决定了衬垫制备过程中从模型取出衬垫的可能性。该结构特征的存在显著提高了绝热泡沫与热塑性聚合物背面的结合强度。凸条的突出高度最好为0.5-2毫米,导出角最好为5-15度,而凸条间距最好为20-50毫米。如图3所示,本发明的制冷机内部衬垫最好具有点状结合装置。为了保证结合强度,点状装置的布置方式很重要。根据实验已经发现点状装置的均匀交错的平行四边形布置非常有效,如图4中的前视图以及图5中的剖面图所示。结合装置的形状、尺寸以及数量同样很重要。如图6中的剖面图所示,给出的蘑菇头3即为一种最好的技术方案,其为实心,或者带有一种向上开口的锥形腔以便更容易将衬垫从模型中拆下。蘑菇头特征参数的最有效值如下:直径5-7毫米,高度1-2.2毫米,从模型中导出的角度A为5-15度,各蘑菇头相互之间沿垂直直线的距离为100到300毫米。其他类型的结合装置也可以设想并有效使用,并且也在本发明范围的考虑之内。
如前所述,在加工本发明制冷机内部衬垫时可以采用任何一种热塑性聚合物,例如乙烯聚合物和共聚物、丙烯聚合物和共聚物、包括丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物(ABS)的苯乙烯聚合物和共聚物、聚氯乙烯。然而优选的热塑性聚合物是丙烯聚合物和共聚物,特别是熔体指数L(美国材料试验学会D 1238)高于10克/10分钟并且在23摄氏度下的弯曲模量(美国材料试验学会D790)高于200MPa的丙烯聚合物,以及熔体指数L高于10克/10分钟并且弯曲模量高于170MPa的丙烯和乙烯和/或C4-C8α-烯烃的共聚物。至于本发明衬垫所用的绝热泡沫,可以采用任何一种聚合物泡沫。然而优选的绝热泡沫是聚氨基甲酸乙酯泡沫。
本发明的制冷机内部衬垫可以有利地包括其它结构特征,利用注射模塑方法可以很容易实现。一个典型的例子是,在衬垫壁或边缘中设置导槽,该导槽用作结构件,或者更经常地用作“无霜”制冷机系统中冷空气的通道。通常这种导槽可利用所谓的“空气模”技术来实现。
本发明的制冷机衬垫的另一个特征是模件性。实际上,利用注射模塑方法,可以很容易制备具有不同结构特征、特别是不同性能的标准衬垫。因此,通过将本发明的两个或多个相同或者更经常为不同的衬垫进行装配而成的标准家用制冷机也在本发明的保护范围内。显然,在制备绝热泡沫之前,组成制冷机的衬垫必须先相互结合在一起。在注射模塑过程中,可以设想和制备用于结合衬垫的几种不同装置。
试验工作
1)利用图1中所示的这种聚丙烯制冷机内部衬垫,由于具有凸条1,可以将绝热泡沫机械结合到热塑性聚合物表面上,对将聚氨基甲酸乙酯泡沫从衬垫表面拆下时的阻力进行了试验测量。当凸条的突出高度为0.5-2毫米、导出角(A)为5-15度并且凸条间距为20到50毫米时,可获得80-90KPa范围内的剥离强度。
为进行比较,聚氨基甲酸乙酯泡沫与光滑金属的表面以及与光滑聚丙烯表面的剥离强度值范围分别为170-220KPa和20-40KPa。光滑聚丙烯表面的所述值在实际应用中是不够的。
2)利用图2中所示的这种聚丙烯制冷机内部衬垫,通过交错平行四边形分布的凸出蘑菇头3而将绝热泡沫机械结合到热塑性聚合物表面上,对将聚氨基甲酸乙酯泡沫从衬垫表面拆下时的阻力进行了试验测量。当蘑菇头的直径为5-7毫米、高度为1-2.2毫米、导出角为5-15度并且各蘑菇头沿垂直直线的间距为100到300毫米时,可获得140-160KPa范围内的剥离强度。

Claims (12)

1.由热塑性聚合物注射模塑而成的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于带有将绝热泡沫机械结合的装置。
2.按照权利要求1的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于热塑性聚合物主要包括聚烯烃,并且绝热泡沫的机械结合剥离强度至少为100KPa。
3.按照权利要求1的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于热塑性聚合物主要包括聚丙烯。
4.按照权利要求1的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于绝热泡沫的结合装置由衬垫背面的凸条(1)组成。
5.按照权利要求4的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于凸条的突出高度为0.5-2毫米,导出角(A)为5-15度并且凸条间距为20到50毫米。
6.按照权利要求1的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于绝热泡沫的结合装置为点状装置(2)并且均匀分布在衬垫背面上、按交错平行四边形布置。
7.按照权利要求6的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于绝热泡沫的点状结合装置由直径为5-7毫米、高度为1-2.2毫米、导出角(A)为5-15度的蘑菇头(3)组成。
8.按照权利要求7的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于各蘑菇头沿垂直直线的间距为100到300毫米之间。
9.按照权利要求7或8的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于蘑菇头具有向上开口的锥形腔。
10.按照权利要求1到9中任一项的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于在衬垫壁或边缘中还设有导槽,其用作结构件或者用作“无霜”制冷机系统中空气的通道。
11.按照权利要求1到10中任一项的制冷机衬垫,其特征在于还设有用于连接两个或多个性能和型号相同或不同的衬垫的适当装置,以便可以制造各种类型的标准家用制冷机。
12.包括权利要求11所述内部衬垫的标准家用制冷机。
CN199898800151A 1997-02-17 1998-02-16 注射模塑的制冷机衬垫 Pending CN1217783A (zh)

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AR (1) AR011800A1 (zh)
AU (1) AU741243B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9806197A (zh)
CA (1) CA2251740A1 (zh)
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CN109968580A (zh) * 2019-03-28 2019-07-05 合肥华凌股份有限公司 制冷设备及其生产方法

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GB2415766B (en) * 2004-07-02 2007-04-11 Cambridge Consultants Vacuum storage compartment construction in a cooling apparatus body
CN103228414B (zh) 2010-09-30 2015-12-16 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 最小化反应性聚氨酯流动过程中的缺陷的容器修饰
KR20160115445A (ko) 2015-03-27 2016-10-06 삼성전자주식회사 냉장고
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CN109968580A (zh) * 2019-03-28 2019-07-05 合肥华凌股份有限公司 制冷设备及其生产方法

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AU741243B2 (en) 2001-11-29
NO984811D0 (no) 1998-10-15
EP0894231B1 (en) 2003-08-20
CZ373698A3 (cs) 1999-11-17
TR199802080T1 (en) 2000-07-21
HUP0001088A2 (hu) 2000-08-28
HUP0001088A3 (en) 2001-03-28
KR20000064870A (ko) 2000-11-06
AU6622498A (en) 1998-09-08
AR011800A1 (es) 2000-09-13
DE69817278D1 (de) 2003-09-25
JP2000509807A (ja) 2000-08-02
BR9806197A (pt) 2000-03-14
DE69817278T2 (de) 2004-03-25
CA2251740A1 (en) 1998-08-20
WO1998036232A1 (en) 1998-08-20
US6190755B1 (en) 2001-02-20
EP0894231A1 (en) 1999-02-03
NO308085B1 (no) 2000-07-17
NO984811L (no) 1998-10-15

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