CN1213796C - 纤维薄膜设置 - Google Patents

纤维薄膜设置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1213796C
CN1213796C CNB018178332A CN01817833A CN1213796C CN 1213796 C CN1213796 C CN 1213796C CN B018178332 A CNB018178332 A CN B018178332A CN 01817833 A CN01817833 A CN 01817833A CN 1213796 C CN1213796 C CN 1213796C
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header
mentioned
film
membrane
films
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CN1471424A (zh
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罗杰·费尔普斯
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US Filter Wastewater Group Inc
Pall Filtration and Separations Group Inc
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USF Filtration and Separations Group Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B01D63/021—Manufacturing thereof
    • B01D63/0233—Manufacturing thereof forming the bundle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B01D63/031—Two or more types of hollow fibres within one bundle or within one potting or tube-sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
    • B01D2315/06—Submerged-type; Immersion type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/28—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling by soaking or impregnating

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种减少薄膜过滤系统中多孔薄膜之间固体淤塞的方法，其中该薄膜过滤系统至少在一端具有多个安装到集流管的薄膜并可操作地从多孔薄膜浸入的多成分液体基质中收回渗透物，该方法包括使一个或多个薄膜的靠近上述集流管的一部分不工作。

Description

纤维薄膜设置
发明领域
本发明涉及一种薄膜过滤系统，尤其涉及那些使用多孔中空纤维薄膜的系统。
以下将针对在薄膜生物反应器(MBR)处理中的应用来描述本发明，但应当知道本发明并不限于这一应用，而同样也可应用到其它使用中空纤维薄膜或类似物的处理中。其中术语“多孔(的)”包括“可渗透”的薄膜。
背景技术
本说明书中任何对现有技术的描述并不能认为是已经承认这种现有技术已经为广泛熟知或成为本领域的公知常识。
薄膜生物反应器用来处理各种废水。在该过程中，过滤模块接触并过滤在该过程中变浓的高浓度混合溶液。现在已经发现过滤模块由于其过滤的材料浓缩的性质因此被淤塞的危险不断增加。
薄膜生物反应器处理通常在过滤模块内或周围使用通风和/或混合溶液流，以便清洗纤维并在纤维周围形成流体流通。这样会减小固体淤塞。正是纤维相对过滤模块内以及这些纤维周围的混合溶液流的运动减少了固体淤塞。
当固体淤塞在一个模块内确实发生时，通常首先发生在其任一端部。一旦开始，固体淤塞会从端部向着模块中央逐渐发展，并可能导致模块无法操作。这一点受到很多机制的影响。以下描述其中两种机制：
第一种机制是由模块构造的性质形成的。如图1，2a和2b所示，在模块5的每一端，纤维6由被灌装到其内的材料7所支承，因此其运动受到限制。由于纤维6在该区域不运动或其运动受到限制，流体流动也很有限。如图3所示，纤维6并不能松动任何可能会被捕获在纤维6之间的固体8，这样所述固体就被捕获并开始淤塞过程。这些被捕获并逐渐聚集的固体在此仍然很软并且易于水化合。
第二种同样造成固体淤塞的机制是过滤处理本身。过滤处理通过纤维薄膜6从混合溶液中吸出液体，从而使混合溶液的浓度变得更高。利用有效的气体清洗和纤维运动，残留的固体通过薄膜6周围的有效流体流动将会持续混合并被稀释回到浓的混合溶液中，并且会远离薄膜表面。这种混合是通过在该过程中充气和/或混合溶液流动而实现的。如果在过滤过程中不发生混合，就不会从薄膜表面除去固体。在这种情况下，靠近薄膜6的混合溶液会由于水被抽吸走而继续浓缩。脱水后的浓缩残渣就会开始形成在薄膜/纤维6周围，并与其它相似的淤塞纤维一起使模块5产生固体淤塞。
因此，在模块5端部会有两种机制发生。有限的混合和纤维运动促进了固体的捕获，并与过滤过程一起使捕获在纤维6之间的混合溶液脱水。浓缩的残渣随后会形成在纤维6周围，这样通过脱水的残渣使其束缚在一起。
发明内容
本发明用于克服或者至少改善上述现有技术中的一种或多种缺点，或者至少提供一种有利的替代方式。
根据一方面，本发明提供了一种减少薄膜过滤系统中多孔薄膜之间固体淤塞的方法，其中该薄膜过滤系统至少在一端具有多个安装到集流管(header)的薄膜并可操作地从多孔薄膜浸入的多成分液体基质中收回渗透物(permeate)，该方法包括使一个或多个薄膜的靠近上述集流管的一部分不工作。
例如，通过密封上述靠近集流管的薄膜部分内的薄膜孔而使这些薄膜不工作。最好，这些多孔薄膜为中空纤维薄膜。再例如，上述中空纤维在间隔开的相对的集流管之间延伸。最好，上述不工作的薄膜部分从上述集流管和薄膜之间的界面伸出一预定距离。
本发明在另一方面还包括一个根据上述第一方面的方法被改变的过滤系统。
附图描述
以下借助附图利用一个实施例更详细地描述本发明。所述附图包括：
图1为一个典型中空纤维薄膜模块的侧部示意图，本发明可以应用在这种模块中；
图2a、2b分别为图1中圆圈区域的放大侧视图和俯视图；
图3为图1中模块基部的侧部放大示意图，显示出有固体淤塞；
图4为一个与图1相似、并具有根据本发明被改变后的薄膜的示意图。
具体实施方式
参照图4，本发明的实施例通过形成一个受到限制的不工作纤维部分10，来寻求减小或消除上述第二机制即过滤本身对模块5端部的影响。图4示出纤维6的部分10将被改变，以便不再进行过滤。该部分10具有有限的混合、纤维运动，以及在纤维6周围的流体流动。因此通过改变该部分10内的纤维6，使其不再进行过滤，上述的两种机制不能再同时发挥作用而在纤维6周围形成脱水的浓缩残渣。这将用于防止在纤维6之间的阻塞，并最终防止过滤处理有效性降低。
应当了解到，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，有可能作出另外的实施例和变型。

Claims (8)

1.一种减少薄膜过滤系统中多孔薄膜之间固体淤塞的方法，其中该薄膜过滤系统至少在一端具有多个安装到集流管的薄膜并可操作地从多孔薄膜浸入的多成分液体基质中收回渗透物，该方法包括使一个或多个薄膜的靠近上述集流管的一部分不工作。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：通过密封上述靠近集流管的薄膜部分内的薄膜孔而使这些薄膜不工作。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于：上述不工作的薄膜部分从上述集流管和薄膜之间的界面伸出一预定距离。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：上述多孔薄膜是在间隔开的相对集流管之间延伸的中空纤维薄膜。
5.一种薄膜过滤系统，该薄膜过滤系统至少在一端具有多个安装到集流管的薄膜并可操作地从多孔薄膜浸入的多成分液体基质中收回渗透物，其特征在于，使一个或多个薄膜的靠近上述集流管的一部分不工作。
6.如权利要求5所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述靠近集流管的薄膜部分内的薄膜孔被密封，从而使这些薄膜不工作。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述不工作的薄膜部分从上述集流管和薄膜之间的界面伸出一预定距离。
8.如权利要求5所述的薄膜过滤系统，其特征在于：上述多孔薄膜是在间隔开的相对集流管之间延伸的中空纤维薄膜。
CNB018178332A 2000-10-23 2001-10-22 纤维薄膜设置 Expired - Fee Related CN1213796C (zh)

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AUPR0946 2000-10-23
AUPR0946A AUPR094600A0 (en) 2000-10-23 2000-10-23 Fibre membrane arrangement

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CN1213796C true CN1213796C (zh) 2005-08-10

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EP (1) EP1337318A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP2004516924A (zh)
CN (1) CN1213796C (zh)
AU (2) AUPR094600A0 (zh)
CA (1) CA2425598A1 (zh)
NZ (1) NZ525589A (zh)
WO (1) WO2002034373A1 (zh)

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EP1337318A1 (en) 2003-08-27
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CA2425598A1 (en) 2002-05-02
US20030226797A1 (en) 2003-12-11
EP1337318A4 (en) 2004-12-22
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AU2002210266A1 (en) 2002-05-06
JP2004516924A (ja) 2004-06-10

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