CN1212056C - Dense soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method - Google Patents
Dense soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1212056C CN1212056C CNB2003101060730A CN200310106073A CN1212056C CN 1212056 C CN1212056 C CN 1212056C CN B2003101060730 A CNB2003101060730 A CN B2003101060730A CN 200310106073 A CN200310106073 A CN 200310106073A CN 1212056 C CN1212056 C CN 1212056C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a dense soil paddy water-saving irrigation method which is used for paddy fields of which the percolation ratio is greater than 3 mm/d. The present invention is characterized in that the paddy fields are densified until the soil dry density is greater than 1.4 g/cm<3> by a pressure machine before paddy irrigation and rice transplanting, or the relative density is larger than 0.4, or the knocking number of a standard penetration test is larger than 15 times; the densified soil is ploughed, and the ploughing depth is not less than 15cm; the ploughed paddy fields are steeped and ploughed by water, and the paddy fields are irrigated and paddy is planted by a conventional method. The present invention has the advantages of good anti-leakage amount effects and convenient implementation; furthermore, a large amount of agricultural irrigation water is saved, and the present invention is favorable to protect water resources and improve the utilization rate of the water resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rice water-saving irrigation method, specifically a kind of closely knit soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method.
Background technology
China is the most ancient country of rice cultivation in the world, and rice makes history 7000 approximately, is one of world's rice-cultivating area of origin.About 500,000,000 mu of the existing paddy rice cultivated areas of China account for 30% of cereal crops sowing area, are the staple food crops of China.Simultaneously, China also is a country that water resource extremely lacks, and gross amount of water resources is 2.8 hundred million sides.Only accounting for 5.6% of world's gross amount of water resources, is one of 13 poor-water states in the world.Agricultural water accounts for 88% of national total water amount at present, and the paddy rice water accounts for about 70% of agricultural water, therefore, the research rice water-saving is irrigated, improve the water production efficiency of irrigation water,, promote national economy to continue high-efficient development guaranteeing sustainable utilization of water resource, realize aspects such as social stability and progress, all have crucial meaning.Present water-saving irrigation research mainly concentrates in the research of the anti-seepage of channels and irrigation program, and the former is studied from the angle that how to reduce the water delivery loss, and the latter is studied from the irrigation method of paddy rice to reduce irrigation quantity.
Loss in the paddy rice water mainly is that the reason owing to two aspects causes, the one, and natural evaporation, the 2nd, seepage.The seepage in rice field be because of irrigate and rainfall after, the result that water layer or the soil water have surpassed the maximum moisture holding capacity in field is set up in the field, and is mainly relevant with rice field seepage action of ground water gradient with the quality of soil.China is vast in territory, the soil texture differs greatly, add the acting in conjunction of factors such as underground water, the percolation rate difference in rice field is also bigger, and percolation rate is in 5～15mm/d (millimeter/sky) generally speaking, few have a 1.5mm/d, many Chao Guoed 20mm/d, leakage accounts for 30%～70% of paddy rice total water consumption, is main water consumption factor, if therefore can reduce the leakage of paddy rice, make the rice field keep suitable seepage rate simultaneously, both can reach the purpose of water saving, can guarantee the normal growth of paddy rice again.
As everyone knows, closely knit soil is slower than loose soil infiltration, if can carry out certain closely knit to the soil of rice cultivation, can reach certain water-saving result, for this reason, application number is 001237667, denomination of invention has proposed a kind of compacting water-saving method for " the water-saving method of a kind of shock compaction paddy soils body ", though can reach certain water-saving result by its method, but from its disclosed content and embodiment, still there are the following problems, the one, it requires before compacting 8-9% to be arrived in the moisture content airing of soil, and this is to be difficult to realize in paddy fields, and the 2nd, the index of correlation of unexposed compacting, be difficult to control when causing operation, its operability is difficult to realize for the general engineering technology personnel.
In view of this, actual conditions at the most of paddy rice field of China, provide a kind of workable, versatility good, rice field airing requirement is descended significantly, can reach the water saving purpose, the compacting water-saving method that can guarantee the necessary leakage of paddy growth again is a kind of task of top priority of benefiting the nation and the people.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is principal element one seepage, a kind of new water-saving irrigation method is provided, reach and not only economize on water but also do not influence the purpose that crops produce at the consumption of water in the Rice Production.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of closely knit soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method uses in the paddy rice field of percolation rate greater than 3mm/d, it is characterized in that:
A, before irrigation and rice transplanting with press to rice with carrying out closely knit dry density to soil greater than 1.4g/cm
3(gram/cubic centimetre), or relative density is greater than 0.4, or standard is used to hammering number into test greater than 15 times;
B, closely knit soil is turned over, ploughing depth be no less than 15cm (centimetre), ploughing depth 20～25cm (centimetre) planting effect and economy are better between the scope;
C, soaked field water is carried out in the rice field of having turned over plough, in described rice field, irrigate according to a conventional method then, rice cultivation.
In order to guarantee closely knit effect, improve water-saving rate, available pressure machinery is to the closely knit operation in rice field 3～8 times, with guarantee dry density, relative density, standard is used to count these three indexs into the hammering of test has partly or entirely up to standard, reach best antiseep effect, turn over then, soaked field water ploughs, again with conventionally irrigate, the kind method for planting carries out the plantation of paddy rice.
Press comprises that punching press type road roller and vibrations roll the type road roller.Punching press type energy big (can reach 50kj (kilojoule)), influence dark (can reach underground 5m (rice)), therefore the effect of water saving is also better, it is little that vibrations roll the type energy, influence shallowly, generally can reach underground 0.7～1m, so water-saving result is less better, but it is big many that the engineering cost of punching press rolls than vibrations, how to select to determine according to the quality concrete analysis of economic capability and soil.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention has opened up the approach of a new rice field water-saving irrigation, has once investment, and permanent advantage of being benefited under the situation that does not influence output and rice matter quality, can reduce leakage to greatest extent, reduces seepage 40%～70%.
2, have simplely, do not influence the normal production cycle, all can implement throughout the year.
3,, have excellent popularization and be worth applicable to the soil of various quality.
4, also can apply to the water-saving irrigation of the big crops of other water consumption, particularly the irrigation for the water-deficient area crops has very great strategic importance.
5, the availability of utilizing the protection water resource and improving water resource is arranged, the conserve water seed rice is planted cost.
6, being suitable in blocks, extensive farmland uses.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment.
The factor of leakage that influences soil is a lot, has the soil texture, landform height, river density, subterranean water level and the rice field depth of water etc. all multifactor, therefore, should select press and technology control parameter for use when implementing with suiting measures to local conditions, and its concrete steps are:
1. the field piece that will implement is carried out technical investigation and analytical evaluation, the percolation rate in rice field then can be used this technology during greater than 3mm/d; 2. before the soaked field, the soil physics performance is carried out experimental test, find out the optimum moisture content of soil compaction, and the actual measurement soil moisture content; 3. with road roller the rice field is rolled or punching press, can select 3～8 times according to the soil texture and former percolation rate, the sand loam soil pass that percolation rate is big generally speaking is more, and the clayed soil pass that percolation rate is little will lack, and the dry density that makes the soil after closely knit is greater than 1.4g/cm
3, relative density is greater than 0.4, or standard is used to get final product greater than 15 times into the hammering number of test; If it is all up to standard that dry density, relative density, the standard of the soil after closely knit are used to into several three indexs of the hammering of test, then water-saving result the best; 4. pressed the field of (closely knit) with plough deep ploughing, ploughing depth generally is no less than 15cm, 20～25cm (centimetre) planting effect and economy are better between the scope; 5. soaked field water is ploughed, and later on common rice cropping mode, comprises way commonly used in the paddy rice plantations such as rice transplanting, irrigation, maintenance.
Adopt method of the present invention can reduce the percolation rate in rice field greatly,, adopt method of the present invention percolation rate can be reduced to 6～11mm/d when the leakage in rice field during greater than 20mm/d (millimeter/sky); When the leakage in rice field during, adopt method of the present invention percolation rate can be reduced to 4～8mm/d at 10～20mm/d; When the leakage in rice field during, adopt method of the present invention percolation rate can be reduced to 2～5mm/d at 3～10mm/d; When the leakage in rice field during less than 3mm/d, ecological and economic benefit consideration then should not be adopted this technology for paddy rice.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of closely knit soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method uses in the paddy rice field of percolation rate greater than 3mm/d, it is characterized in that:
A, before irrigation and rice transplanting, closely knit dry density to soil is carried out greater than 1.4g/cm in the rice field with press
3, or relative density is greater than 0.4, or standard is used to hammering number into test greater than 15 times;
B, closely knit soil is turned over, ploughing depth is no less than 15cm;
C, soaked field water is carried out in the rice field of having turned over plough, in described rice field, irrigate according to a conventional method then, rice cultivation.
2, closely knit soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that with press turn over to after the closely knit operation in rice field 3～8 times, soaked field water ploughs.
3, closely knit soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described press comprises that punching press type road roller and vibrations roll the type road roller.
4, closely knit soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described ploughing depth is 20～25cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101060730A CN1212056C (en) | 2003-10-16 | 2003-10-16 | Dense soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2003101060730A CN1212056C (en) | 2003-10-16 | 2003-10-16 | Dense soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1528122A CN1528122A (en) | 2004-09-15 |
| CN1212056C true CN1212056C (en) | 2005-07-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2003101060730A Expired - Fee Related CN1212056C (en) | 2003-10-16 | 2003-10-16 | Dense soil paddy rice water-saving irrigation method |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103109616A (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2013-05-22 | 重庆地质矿产研究院 | Method for repairing water leakage of paddy field in secondary-stacking system coal mining subsidence ash and mudstone layer weathering area |
| CN104855195B (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2017-03-08 | 扬州大学 | A kind of rice water-saving irrigation method |
| CN104920133A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-23 | 巢湖市农业技术推广中心 | Seedbed management method for one-season middle-season indica hybrid rice |
| CN104885838A (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-09-09 | 巢湖市农业技术推广中心 | Field cultivation method of one-season medium indica hybrid rice |
| CN105453968A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-06 | 安徽省中日农业环保科技有限公司 | Technology for planting paddy rice in arid area |
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