CN1212055C - Afforestation ecologic box - Google Patents
Afforestation ecologic box Download PDFInfo
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- CN1212055C CN1212055C CN 03126539 CN03126539A CN1212055C CN 1212055 C CN1212055 C CN 1212055C CN 03126539 CN03126539 CN 03126539 CN 03126539 A CN03126539 A CN 03126539A CN 1212055 C CN1212055 C CN 1212055C
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- Prior art keywords
- water tank
- density sponge
- water
- upper strata
- low
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002669 Durio kutejensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004418 Durio kutejensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124844 Sedum alfredii Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000284012 Vetiveria zizanioides Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007769 Vetiveria zizanioides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a plant cultivating device, which is composed of a soil layer 3, a double-layer non-cover water tank which is composed of an upper layer water tank 2 and a lower layer water tank 8, a bracket 5, a low-density sponge plate 6 and a high density sponge strip 7. The bracket 5 is positioned between the upper layer water tank and the lower layer water tank. The bottom of the upper layer water tank is provided with a plurality of holes 4, and four side surfaces of the lower layer water tank are respectively provided with a communication interface 9 which can be used as a water inlet or a water outlet. The low-density sponge plate 6 is tiled at the bottom of the upper layer water tank 2, and the high density sponge strip 7 is embedded in the low-density sponge plate 6 through the holes 4 at the bottom of the upper layer water tank 2. The soil layer 3 is tiled on the low-density sponge plate 6. The device of the present invention integrates the soil layer, an open type collecting and discharging water supply system and a rhizosphere water distribution system. Irrigation water which is leaked and fertilizer which is leaked can be reinjected to the soil layer through the rhizosphere water distribution system. Natural rainfall can be effectively accumulated, and is effectively used by plants for a long time. The purposes of water saving and fertilizer saving are achieved, and administrative cost is efficiently lowered. The present invention is suitable for various kinds of outdoor greening engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cultivation device.
Background technology
Because tellurian population constantly increases, cause global domestic consumption to increase severely, the reason such as degenerate of environmental pollution water quality in addition, the regional water resource deficiency in the whole world existing 60% has more than 40% country water shortage to occur at present.China is one of country that the water yield is minimum per capita in the world.In addition, the distribution space of China's water resource and temporal distribution are also very inhomogeneous, south is many and western few, and two seasons of autumn in summer are many and winter is few, causes some regional arid disasters frequent, problems such as the water resource imbalance between supply and demand is outstanding, severe water and soil erosion and development and use difficulty to occur.People improve again day by day to the standard of greening simultaneously.But present outdoor greening technique concentrates on the selection of floristics and fertilizer, needs to drop into lot of manpower and material resources in actual applications, and the subject matter of existence is: the seepage of irrigation water and the loss of fertilizer; Can't effectively utilize natural rainfall, annual need frequent to water, the management of high strength such as fertilising, therefore need expend a large amount of funds, increase operation and management cost virtually greatly.Make fertilizer loss even more serious owing to managing in a large number simultaneously, and cause the underground water eutrophication, the river with the underground water close ties is caused serious negative effect.These contradictions for underdeveloped, the water-deficient area is particularly outstanding.
Summary of the invention
The device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of plant cultivation---afforestation ecological case, with the loss of the seepage that solves irrigation water and fertilizer and can't effectively utilize the existing problem of present outdoor greening technique such as natural rainfall, reduce frequent water, the management of high strength such as fertilising, save a large amount of funds, reduce operation and management cost.
Afforestation ecological case of the present invention is made of disconnectable soil horizon, upper strata water tank, lower floor's water tank, support, low-density sponge plate and high-density sponge bar; The upper strata water tank has the edge, is nested in lower floor's water tank, and support is positioned between upper and lower layer water tank; The upper strata water tank bottom has a plurality of holes, and lower floor's water tank four flank side surface respectively have a connection interface that can be used as water inlet or delivery port; The low-density sponge plate is tiled in the upper strata water tank bottom, and the high-density sponge bar is embedded in the low-density sponge plate by the hole of upper strata water tank bottom; Soil horizon is tiled on the low-density sponge plate.
Soil horizon preferably adopts the composite soil layer, and it basic composition is humus, peat soil, pond sludge, water-loss reducer and depot fertilizer.
The proportioning of each constituent of composite soil layer is generally by the dry weight ratio: humus 30～80%, peat soil 10～40%, pond sludge 5～25%, water-loss reducer 3.5～4.5%, depot fertilizer 0.5～1.5%.Water-loss reducer can be a super absorbent resin; Depot fertilizer can be compound NPK fertilizer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
This afforestation ecological case is detachable combining structure, and convenient moving, and generally is applicable to the greening on various open airs (as the roof, roadbed, square etc.).The upper strata water tank is plant growing and the filtration layer that catchments, and is used for the collection of natural rainfall or sprinkle formula irrigation water.Lower floor's water tank is retaining and plumbing layer; Around have, water inlet, when guaranteeing a plurality of ecological boxes polyphone evenly capacity ground supply water.Use the combination of low-density and high-density sponge, the low-density sponge plate is isolated soil horizon and water supply, water storage system in order to support and to filter soil horizon; The high-density sponge bar is used for the plant rhizosphere water distribution uniformity as rhizoid.The basic comprising of composite soil layer is by humus, peat soil, pond sludge, water-loss reducer and depot fertilizer, after each material proportion can suitably be adjusted, its major technique characteristics are lightweight, water holding and guarantor's fertilizer, and the fertilizer that soil horizon runs off recharges soil horizon by rhizoid again.
Afforestation ecological case of the present invention can make the irrigation water of seepage and the fertilizer of loss recharge soil horizon, and can effectively accumulate natural rainfall and for the permanently effective utilization of plant, reach the purpose of water saving, joint fertilizer, and has reduced the labour intensity and the cost of management effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole profile of afforestation ecological case of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of afforestation ecological case upper strata water tank bottom;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the support among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the plane of a plurality of afforestation ecological casees of polyphone.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by concrete test example.
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, afforestation ecological case of the present invention is made of disconnectable soil horizon 3, upper strata water tank 2, lower floor's water tank 8, support 5, low-density sponge plate 6 and high-density sponge bar 7.Upper and lower layer water tank generally is rectangle or square, can be made by plastics or other resistant material, and its outer length of side is generally 400～1000mm; Upper strata water tank height is generally 100～170mm, and lower floor's water tank height is generally 250～400mm.Upper strata water tank 2 has edge 1, is nested in the top of lower floor's water tank 8.Support 5 is positioned between upper and lower layer water tank, works to support the upper strata water tank bottom; Support 5 is generally cross (as shown in Figure 3), also can be other shape.The upper strata water tank bottom has a plurality of holes 4, is evenly distributed; This hole 4 is generally circle or ellipse (as shown in Figure 2), also can be other shape.Low-density sponge plate 6 is tiled in upper strata water tank 2 bottoms, and high-density sponge bar 7 is embedded in the low-density sponge plate 6 by the hole 4 of upper strata water tank 2 bottoms; Soil horizon 3 is tiled on the low-density sponge plate 6, and edaphic thickness is generally 20～100mm.Four sides of lower floor's water tank respectively have one to be communicated with interface 9, can be used as water inlet or delivery port; The position height of this connection interface 9 generally is not higher than the bottom of upper strata water tank 2.
The test example:
Beginning so far (in May, 2003) in December, 2002 has practiced this afforestation ecological case in the one building dwelling house roof test of Guangzhou Zhongshan University.32 ecological box polyphone (Fig. 4) laies are in roof.Upper and lower layer water tank bottom surface is square, and the length of side is respectively 680mm and 700mm, highly is respectively 90mm and 170mm.Delivery port, water inlet are respectively apart from the water tank bottom 80mm of lower floor.Support is cross (Fig. 3), highly is 80mm.Soil horizon adopts the composite soil layer, and thickness is about 70mm; Edaphic component comprises: humus, peat soil, pond sludge, water-loss reducer (resin) and depot fertilizer (compound NPK fertilizer): the ratio of soil horizon component (with dry weight basis) is provided with three different embodiments (as shown in table 1).Three schemes are all planted vetiver, Sedum alfredii Hance and solar grass three plant species, and set four kinds of fertilization modes: do not apply fertilizer, every month once, per two months once with every three months once, and set four kinds of modes of watering according to Guangzhou rainfall over the years record: do not water, every month once, per two months once with every three months once.From three present observed results of scheme of this experiment, under each fertilizer treatment, plant growing does not have difference; And each waters under the water treatment, does not need fully rainy season (having 8 months at least in 1 year) to irrigate, and this ecological afforestation case water storage system can be preserved unnecessary natural rainwater effectively so that keep the growth of plant certainly; Dry season (be less than 4 months every year), every monthly average was irrigated once the water supply that (holding full water with ecological box is as the criterion) is enough to keep the whole moon.Soil horizon can slowly discharge fertilizer efficiency, estimate to need not in one, two year fertilising, and the fertilizer that soil horizon runs off recharges soil horizon by rhizoid (high-density sponge bar) again, therefore from present result of use, this ecological afforestation case has fundamentally solved the seepage of irrigation water and the loss of fertilizer, greatly reduce management cost than traditional processing mode, saved great amount of manpower and material resources.
The ratio of each component of soil horizon in each embodiment of table 1
Component (dry measure ratio) scheme 1 scheme 2 schemes 3
Humus 30% 55% 80%
Peat soil 40% 25% 10%
Pond sludge 25% 15% 5%
Water-loss reducer 4.5% 4.0% 3.5%
Depot fertilizer 0.5% 1.0% 1.5%
Claims (4)
1. an afforestation ecological case is characterized in that this afforestation ecological case is made of disconnectable soil horizon (3), upper strata water tank (2), lower floor's water tank (8), support (5), low-density sponge plate (6) and high-density sponge bar (7); Upper strata water tank (2) has edge (1), is nested in lower floor's water tank (8), and support (5) is positioned between upper and lower layer water tank; The upper strata water tank bottom has a plurality of holes (4), and lower floor's water tank four flank side surface respectively have a connection interface (9) that can be used as water inlet or delivery port; Low-density sponge plate (6) is tiled in upper strata water tank (2) bottom, and high-density sponge bar (7) is embedded in the low-density sponge plate (6) by the hole (4) of upper strata water tank (2) bottom; Soil horizon (3) is tiled on the low-density sponge plate (6); Described soil horizon is the composite soil layer, and its composition comprises: humus, peat soil, pond sludge, water-loss reducer and depot fertilizer, and the proportioning of each constituent by the dry weight ratio is: humus 30～80%, peat soil 10～40%, pond sludge 5～25%, water-loss reducer 3.5～4.5%, depot fertilizer 0.5～1.5%.
2. according to the described afforestation ecological case of claim 1, it is characterized in that described water-loss reducer is a super absorbent resin; Depot fertilizer is compound NPK fertilizer.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described afforestation ecological casees, it is characterized in that described upper strata water tank and lower floor's water tank are rectangle or square.
4. according to the described afforestation ecological case of claim 3, the outer length of side that it is characterized in that described upper strata water tank and lower floor's water tank is 400～1000mm; Upper strata water tank height is 100～170mm, and lower floor's water tank height is 250～400mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03126539 CN1212055C (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2003-05-13 | Afforestation ecologic box |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03126539 CN1212055C (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2003-05-13 | Afforestation ecologic box |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1449647A CN1449647A (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| CN1212055C true CN1212055C (en) | 2005-07-27 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03126539 Expired - Fee Related CN1212055C (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2003-05-13 | Afforestation ecologic box |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1212055C (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102165902A (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2011-08-31 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Ecological greening device |
| CN102150576B (en) * | 2010-11-27 | 2013-01-30 | 宁波市镇海西门专利技术开发有限公司 | Multilayer vegetable cultivating rack |
| CN105684856A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-06-22 | 丹阳市皇美花卉园艺公司 | Planting device for aquatic flowers |
| CN104472252B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-08-24 | 华东师范大学 | The device of sustainable utilization rainwater supply plant growth |
| CN105493934A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-04-20 | 陈忠 | Multifunctional planting box |
| CN105766567B (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2020-01-17 | 邓洋 | Non-pressure irrigation device |
| CN105875255A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-24 | 卒子科技（深圳）有限公司 | Indoor automatic half-soil cultivation system |
| CN106376315B (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2019-10-22 | 重庆市潼南区润绿农业开发服务中心 | Vegetable integral type simplifies cultural method |
| CN107969249A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-01 | 陈娜 | The convenient succulent planting pot for pouring water storage |
| CN109633125B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-06-08 | 长春师范大学 | Simulation research method and device for formation of humus substances by soil animals |
-
2003
- 2003-05-13 CN CN 03126539 patent/CN1212055C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1449647A (en) | 2003-10-22 |
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Granted publication date: 20050727 Termination date: 20140513 |