CN1209479C - Multielement high-chromium wear-resisting cast-iron sieve-plate and production thereof - Google Patents
Multielement high-chromium wear-resisting cast-iron sieve-plate and production thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a multielement high-chromium wear-resistant cast-iron sieve plate and a production thereof, and the multielement high-chromium wear-resistant cast-iron sieve plate can be used for various sintered ore vibration sieves. The multielement high-chromium wear-resistant cast-iron sieve plate comprises the following chemical components: 2.2 to 3.2 wt% of C, 18 to 28 wt% of Cr, 0.6 to 1.5 wt% of Mn, 0.4 to 1.0 wt% of Si, 0.4 to 1.5 wt% of Mo, 0.5 to 1.2 wt% of Ni, 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of Nb, 0.02 to 0.08 wt% of Ca, 0.008 to 0.050 wt% of Zn, 0.002 to 0.010 wt% of Mg, 0.003 to 0.10 wt% of Ce, 0.08 to 0.15 wt% of Ti, and Fe and unavoidable trace impurities as the rest. The sieve plate of the present invention is produced by an electric furnace, and is cast by a cold setresin sand mould. The bending strength of the sieve plate is high and is from 890MPa to 960MPa, and the hardness reaches 55HRC to 60HRC. The sieve plate has good wear resistance, and the impact toughness reaches 10 J/cm<2> to 13 J/cm<2>. The sieve plate does not break in use, the oxidation resistance is good, the service performance of the sieve plate of the present invention is obviously superior to that of CrMnN heat-resistant steel sieve plates. The production process is simple, no high temperature heat treatment is needed, and thus, the production cost is low. The sieve plate of the present invention can obviously enhance the operating rate of the vibration sieve and lower sieving cost of the sintered ore, and has good economic benefit.
Description
One, affiliated technical field
The invention belongs to agglomerate material sieving technology field, relate to all kinds of sinter machine used by oscillating screen sieve plates and manufacture method thereof, particularly a kind of antiwear multi-element screening plate made of high-Cr cast iron and manufacture method thereof.
Two, background technology
The sinter machine vibratory screening apparatus is the visual plant of screening agglomerate, is used for the classification of agglomerate and screens out the powder of agglomerate less than 5mm, to satisfy the requirement of blast furnace production to granularity.Sieve plate is the key part on the vibratory screening apparatus, and the sieve plate quality directly influences the productivity of whole sintering work system and the screening effect of agglomerate.Because the heat sinter temperature is up to 780～850 ℃, so inefficacies such as oxidation, high temperature creep fracture, thermal shocking fatigue and high temperature wear take place through regular meeting sieve plate.The at present domestic sieve plate material of generally using is CrMnN (ZG30Cr18Mn12Si2N) steel, and it is the material that substitutes of high-chromium-nickel steel 3Cr18Ni9.3Cr18Ni9 has good toughness, good oxidation-resistance and hot strength, but therefore China Ni resource shortage adopts Mn, N to replace Ni to form austenite, and 1%Mn is equivalent to 0.5%Ni, and 0.1%N is equivalent to 2%Ni.The CrMnN steel belongs to heat-resistant high alloy steel (alloy content is up to 33%), and its as-cast structure is an austenite, has very high intensity and toughness, under the normal temperature, and its σ
b〉=490MPa, δ 〉=8%, but hardness low (about HRC25) causes the sieve plate serious wear.For improving sieve plate work-ing life, domestic-developed materials such as Cr12, Cr5Mn, all cause work-ing life shorter because of hardness is low.Among the Chinese patent literature CN1176159, a kind of sieve plate with gasified pattern (disappearance mould) cast is disclosed, the sieve plate main component is 2%～3%C, 20%～30%Cr, 18%～22%Ni, Mn＜1.5%, Si＜2.0%, although this sieve plate has higher wear resistance, but Ni content is too high, and production cost is too high.Among the Chinese patent literature CN85108954, a kind of overlay cladding antifriction metal (AFM) sieve plate making method that has is also disclosed, it is characterized in that on steel plate, processing earlier sieve plate, be equipped with the high temperature resistant nonmetal cream that 3%～5% water glass makes with casting mould material then sieve aperture filled and led up, again with electric arc or plasma arc with the wear resistant alloy built-up welding on the surface of steel plate with holes.This sieve plate is low because of bonding strength between overlay cladding and steel matrix, easy to crack and peel off in the use, influence the wear resistance of sieve plate, still be common iron around the sieve plate endoporus simultaneously, hardness is low, wear no resistance, the sieve aperture serious wear, also there are deficiencies such as manufacturing process complexity in this sieve plate, applies less.In addition, the domestic high mangaenese steel sieve plate of also having developed is mainly made relative fricting movement because of agglomerate with sieve plate, and less to the surging force of sieve plate, the sieve plate surface can not produce a large amount of strain-induced martensites and make the surface obtain cold working hardening, so wear resistance is also lower.Mainly make the sieve plate material abroad with high-chromium-nickel steel, as Germany No4825, Japan SGS17, USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) X20H14G2, Britain 309S24, the U.S. makes sieve plate with S30900, and high-chromium-nickel steel has the good high-temperature performance, but hardness is low, wears no resistance, and sieve plate is short work-ing life.We select for use the high-chromium alloy cast-iron with excellent wear and high temperature oxidation resistance to make sieve plate, for improving the mechanical property of sieve plate, particularly the toughness of sieve plate guarantees that sieve plate does not rupture in using, and also carries out composite inoculating with Ce, Nb, Ca, Ti, Zn and Mg to rich chromium cast iron and handles.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of chemical ingredients and manufacture method thereof of antiwear multi-element screening plate made of high-Cr cast iron is provided.The present invention adopts a kind of multiple high chromium antifriction cast iron to make sieve plate, and adopts the cast form of cold-hardening resin sand casting mold.Its principal feature is to add proper C e, Nb, Ca, Ti, Zn and Mg in high-chromium cast iron alloy, make its structure refinement, particularly make the nodularization of eutectic carbides group, help the rich chromium cast iron mechanical property especially toughness increase substantially, cause the raising of rich chromium cast iron sieve plate use properties the most at last.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following technical measures:
The chemical composition of sieve plate of the present invention is (weight %):
C：2.2～3.2 Cr：18～28
Mn：0.6～1.5 Si：0.4～1.0
Mo：0.4～1.5 Ni：0.5～1.2
Nb：0.1～0.5 Ca：0.02～0.08
Zn：0.008～0.050 Mg：0.002～0.010
Ce：0.03～0.10 Ti：0.08～0.15。
All the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity.
Sieve plate electrosmelting of the present invention, its manufacturing technology steps is:
1. with ordinary scrap steel, stainless steel waste material, carbon ferrochrome, medium carbon ferrochrome and the fusing of molybdenum-iron Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten iron adds ferrosilicon and ferromanganese;
2. the stokehold is adjusted to branch and temperature is risen to 1550～1600 ℃ after qualified, adds the aluminium deoxidation that accounts for weight of molten iron 0.15%～0.40%, then comes out of the stove;
3. magnesium-nickel alloy, silicocalcium, cerium base rare earth, zinc-containing substance, ferro-niobium and ferrotianium are crushed to the fritter of granularity less than 18mm, after oven dry below 220 ℃, place the casting ladle bottom, with the method that pours in the bag molten iron is carried out composite inoculating and handle;
4. use the cold setresin sand molding, paintcast alcohol-base paint, 1400 ℃～1440 ℃ of teeming temperatures;
5. pour into a mould the air cooling sieve plate of unpacking behind 2h～6h, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, overlap, burr;
6. sieve plate is heat-treated at 520～600 ℃, soaking time 4～6 hours, air cooling is to room temperature then, get final product finished product.
Sieve plate of the present invention utilizes electric furnace just can produce, and adopts cold setresin sand mold casting, and sieve plate bending strength height reaches 890MPa～960MPa, and hardness reaches 55HRC～60HRC, has good wear resistance, and impelling strength reaches 10J/cm
2～13J/cm
2, not rupturing in the use, good in oxidation resistance, use properties obviously are better than CrMnN high temperature steel sieve plate, and production technique is simple, do not need to carry out high-temperature heat treatment, thereby production cost is low.Use sieve plate of the present invention can significantly improve the vibratory screening apparatus operating rate, reduce agglomerate screening cost, have good economic benefits.
Four, embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment that the contriver provides.
The performance of alloy material is by the metallographic structure decision, and certain tissue depends on chemical ingredients and thermal treatment process, and chemical ingredients of the present invention is to determine like this:
C: under the high temperature wear operating mode, wish that material had both had excellent resistance to abrasion, has good oxidation-resistance again, and excellent resistance to abrasion derives from the high rigidity eutectic carbides that exists in the tissue, and C can be calculated as follows between C, Cr and carbide (K%) content carbide number affects maximum:
K％＝12.33(C％)+0.55(Cr％)-15.2
But C is healed height better, because carbide quantity is too much, has increased the fragility of material, considers its pros and cons, and C content is controlled at 2.2%～3.2%.
Cr:Cr removes part and forms carbide, increases outside the wear resistance, and it mainly acts on is to be dissolved in matrix, increases the hardening capacity and the oxidation-resistance of matrix.On average containing the Cr amount in the matrix can be calculated as follows:
％Cr(m)＝1.95Cr/C-2.47
From formula as can be known, the Cr amount also relevant (C has consumed portion C r) that on average contains of matrix with the C content of material.Surface oxides type and character when the original Cr of the containing amount of matrix has determined oxidation, therefore, it produces considerable influence to the whole oxidation-resistance of alloy.But the original Cr of the containing amount of matrix is not to heal height better, but when the original Cr of containing of matrix measured 15% left and right sides, rich chromium cast iron had best oxidation-resistance, and this is that amount is too high because matrix contains Cr, the Cr that forms during oxidation
2O
3Though higher density is arranged, owing to its growth stress, meeting is in local perk during growth; thereby cause oxide film to separate with parent; protectiveness is descended, have with metal side and contact more closely and form spinel oxide when containing 15%Cr, its intermediary cavity is also less.Therefore Cr content is controlled at 18%～28%.
Si:Si is the melting deoxidant element, adds an amount of Si, can prevent other alloying element oxidation, but Si is again non-carbide forming element, mainly is dissolved in matrix, reduces hardening capacity, considers its pros and cons, and Si content is controlled at 0.4%～1.0%.
Mn:Mn can improve the hardening capacity of rich chromium cast iron, but impels cast iron when heating grain growth, increase the cast iron hot cracking tendency, so Mn content is controlled at 0.6%～1.5%.
Mo:Mo all has bigger solubleness in α iron and γ iron, solid solution strengthening effect is good, adds Mo in the rich chromium cast iron and can significantly improve anti-temper softening ability, and Mo can be solidly soluted into M again
7C
3Replace part metals atom Fe, Cr in the type carbide.The a large amount of M that exist in the rich chromium cast iron
7C
3Carbide has higher hardness, be expected to the effect of performance " the wear-resistant phase of hard ", but along with temperature raises, the carbide chemical stability can descend to some extent, prior to matrix and oxygenolysis, this will make it can't bring into play the effect of " the wear-resistant phase of hard " to carbide in high temperature oxidation atmosphere.Mo adds rich chromium cast iron can make the carbide chemical stability significantly improve, and its major cause is that atoms metal Mo is solidly soluted into M
7C
3Replace in the carbide after part metals atom Fe, the Cr, similar chemical bond in all more original carbide of metallic bond that Mo atom and Fe, Cr and C atom form and metalloid key is strong, therefore Mo can significantly improve the high temperature abrasion resistance of rich chromium cast iron, but Mo price height, add-on is too much, to increase the cast iron cost, therefore Mo content will be controlled at 0.4%～1.5%.
Ni:Ni is a kind of expansion austenitic area, the alloying element of stable austenite, and it does not form carbide, mainly be dissolved in matrix, unite with Cr, Mo etc. and to be added in the cast iron, can significantly improve the hot strength and the thermal fatigue strength of cast iron, and can improve the resistance of oxidation of cast iron to a certain extent.Can and the hot strength of matrix will play the effect that can not be ignored to the effect of performance carbide opposing high temperature abrasive wear, provide the good supporting condition to carbide because it is directly connected to.Therefore, help improving the element of alloy high-temp intensity, will help improving the high temperature abrasion resistance of alloy, but China Ni resource shortage, Ni price height is taken all factors into consideration Ni content is controlled at 0.5%～1.2%.
Nb:Nb is a kind of strong carbon, nitride forming element, with C, N very big avidity is arranged all, in rich chromium cast iron, Nb is mainly with Nb (C, N) form exists, is distributed on the matrix, and Nb (C, N) separate out temperature greater than 1300 ℃, more than the liquidus line of rich chromium cast iron just forming core separate out Nb (C, a large amount of enrichments of Fe, Cr element in the melt around separating out N) caused, (C, N) forming core is separated out on every side at Nb to impel primary austenite.Nb content is high more, and the Nb that separates out (C, N) quantity is many more, and the austenite nucleus of preferentially separating out on its surface is also many more, and austenitic refining effect is just better.In addition, Nb also reduces eutectic temperature, impels Cr carbide nucleation rate to increase, thereby causes the even refinement of carbide, and the refinement of primary austenite and eutectic carbides helps the rich chromium cast iron flexible to increase substantially.Nb also can improve the carbide microhardness, delay the reduction of carbide hardness after the high-temperature heat treatment, therefore Nb also can increase the wear resistance of rich chromium cast iron, the Nb add-on is too much, Nb in the tissue (C, N) quantity increases, and size increases, increase cast iron fragility on the contrary, therefore Nb content is controlled at 0.1%～0.5%.
Mg:Mg and S, O have great avidity, and violent metallurgical reaction can take place, and remove O and S in the cast iron, reduce oxide compound and sulfide inclusion in the cast iron.When taking off O, taking off part MgO in the S product and MgS and have little time to float when getting rid of, just become cast iron after solidifying and be mingled with to the iron liquid level.When iron liquid solidifies, at first form MgO, it can be used as MgS, MnS and other core that is mingled with after coagulation.Because MgO disperses in iron liquid especially, so Mg can change type, quantity, size, form and the distribution of inclusion in the cast iron.An amount of Mg can make in the cast iron inclusion become tiny, disperse.Life size is big, the Al of band corner angle
2O
3Be mingled with by size MgO little, spherical in shape and the duplex impurity that contains MgO and replace; Life size is big, the MnS of strip is mingled with by little, the subglobose MgO of size, contains the MgO duplex impurity and the MgSMgO duplex impurity replaces, thereby has improved inclusion and form and the ability of expanding with matrix opposing crackle, has improved the toughness of cast iron.Mg is a surface active element, and it gathers in crystal boundary or phase boundary partially and can form alloy carbide jointly by the element close with atomic radiuses such as Cr, Mo, and therefore an amount of Mg can improve interfacial energy, makes γ-carbide phase interface tension force and γ-γ phase interface tensile ratio σ
γ-c/ σ
Y-YIncrease,, carbide is disperseed and refinement, help the cast iron flexible and improve so an amount of Mg can be cut apart carbide and change its form.Mg add-on deficiency can not make cast iron take place to take off O fully, take off the S reaction, be unfavorable for the removal of inclusion.Add-on too much not only causes the waste of Mg, and owing to reaction is too violent, MgO, the MgS etc. that float to iron liquid surface on making is mingled be involved in again in the iron liquid, and cast iron is produced adverse influence.Therefore Mg content is controlled at 0.002%～0.010%.
Zn:Zn impels in the rich chromium cast iron that carbide becomes tiny, isolated, the wedge angle circle is blunt, and quantity increases, and the increase of carbide quantity is owing to formed the cause that contains the Zn double carbide, is favourable to the raising of wear resistance.The improvement of carbide morphology mainly is the activity that improves the C atom owing to Zn, and the diffusibility of C strengthens when making rich chromium cast iron thermal treatment, impel the fusing of strip carbide and quicken the dissolving partly of its wedge angle, and isolated carbide becomes round blunt so that nodularization.The boiling point of Zn low (911 ℃) behind the adding molten iron, is vaporized rapidly in addition, and the Zn atom of vaporization can become a large amount of atom groups in molten iron, and in the molten steel solidification process, some atom groups cause the room on the carbide dot matrix.Because the existence in room, at high temperature like in crystal, moving, and by vacancy mechanism when diffusion, Fe, C atom jumping frequency rate are higher, diffusion is very fast, therefore the dissolving and the diffusion of carbide have been quickened in the existence in room, cause its form to improve, and help the rich chromium cast iron flexible and increase substantially.But the Zn add-on is too much, causes occurring containing the Zn double carbide in a large number, reduces cast iron toughness on the contrary, and therefore suitable Zn content is 0.008%～0.050%.
Ca:Ca and oxygen have very big avidity, and the deoxidizing capacity of Ca is very strong.Ca has remarkable effect to inclusion in the cast iron rotten, add The addition of C a in the cast iron and can change the strip sulfide inclusion in the cast iron into globular CaS or (Ca, Mn) S is mingled with, add The addition of C a in the cast iron and also significantly reduce S poly-partially at crystal boundary, hot-cracking resistance was very useful when Ca cast reducing cast iron fragility and improving rich chromium cast iron.To make that inclusion increases in the cast iron but add too much Ca, it is unfavorable that the cast iron flexible is improved, and appropriate C a content is 0.02%～0.08%
Ti:H and N have certain solubleness in cast iron, contain a large amount of Cr in the rich chromium cast iron, and Cr increases H, the N solubleness in cast iron.In addition, the increase of the solubility with temperature of H, N and increasing, particularly near melting temperature, solubility change is bigger, therefore in process of setting, just has hydrogen and nitrogen is separated out, H and N mainly exist with two kinds of forms: 1. be solid-solubilized in the metallic matrix or form certain compound, this can reduce the toughness of cast iron; 2. separate out with the form of bubble, cause atomic little pore at intercrystalline, it not only reduces toughness, and can reduce the cast iron wear resistance.Add an amount of Ti in the rich chromium cast iron, can combine with the N in the cast iron and generate TiN, it has the effect except that N, and generates tiny and TiN that quantity is few, and cast iron impelling strength is improved, and wear resistance is improved.The Ti too high levels, the TiN particle increases, and size increases, and cast iron toughness descends on the contrary.Therefore Ti content is controlled at 0.08%～0.15%.
Ce:Ce is a surface active element, can on eutectic carbides, select absorption, during eutectic solidification, it mainly is gathered on the direction of eutectic carbides preferred growth, stop atoms such as Fe, Cr, C in the iron liquid normally to be grown in the crystal of eutectic carbides, thereby reduced the leading speed of growth of eutectic carbides, forced that eutectic carbides diminishes, rust in this direction.In addition, eutectic austenite will stretch in the cold phase region grows, and the carbide on this direction of growth is formed surround shell, also limits and reduced the speed of growth of eutectic carbides on this direction, and this just further impels, and eutectic carbides diminishes, rust.Ce also increases austenitic forming core effect, impels austenite structure tightr, tiny and even, because eutectic carbides and austenitic refinement, the toughness of rich chromium cast iron significantly improves.But excessive Ce impels that inclusion increases in the cast iron, reduces cast iron toughness on the contrary, therefore Ce content is controlled at 0.03%～0.10%.
Inevitably trace impurity is to bring in the raw material, and P and S are wherein arranged, and all is harmful elements, and intensity, toughness and wear resistance in order to guarantee sieve plate are controlled at P content below 0.05%, and S content is controlled at below 0.04%.
The performance of antiwear multi-element screening plate made of high-Cr cast iron also has direct relation with casting technique and thermal treatment process, and it is worked out according to being:
Sieve plate is directly installation use under on-mechanical processing, and casting dimension accuracy and visual appearance are had relatively high expectations, and resin-bonded sand cast form is compared with the clay-bonded sand casting mold with traditional sodium silicate sand casting mold has following characteristics:
1. casting dimension accuracy height;
2. cast(ing) surface is bright and clean, and roughness can reach Ra12.5～6.3 μ m;
3. the casting wasted product rate is low, less than 2%;
4. labour intensity is low.
Therefore resin-bonded sand cast form is selected in the sieve plate casting for use.Resin sand has hot hardened resin sand and cold-hardening resin sand two big classes, and the latter makes binding agent with furane resin or resol, under an acidic catalyst effect, makes molding sand hardened forming voluntarily at normal temperatures.It has characteristics easy and simple to handle, so casting screen plate adopts the cold-hardening resin sand casting mold.Though the resin sand collapsibility that nitrogen content is high is better, when nitrogen content was high, resin became sticky, and the resin sand gas forming amount increases, and foundry goods inside is prone to pore, therefore adopted the low resin sand casting screen plate of nitrogen content.
Because the high-temperature behavior of resin sand is relatively poor, resin-bonded sand cast form need adopt the high temperature cast again, therefore must select the anti-stick sand coating that is fit to the high temperature liquid iron cast for use, performance by more various coating, select alcohol-base paint for use, it need not dried, and has save energy, the productivity height, anti-stick grittiness can good and advantages such as reduction casting cost and raising foundry goods precision.
Contain more alloying element in the rich chromium cast iron sieve plate, its as-cast structure is eutectic carbides+austenite+martensite.Sieve plate thermal treatment purpose is to make stabilization of austenite and eliminate casting stress, because sieve plate is worked under comparatively high temps, removes and requires higher wear resistance, also requires to have certain thermotolerance and structure stability.When thermal treatment temp is low,, advantages of higher stability is arranged, therefore be difficult for decomposing because of containing more alloying element in the austenite; Thermal treatment temp is during greater than 500 ℃, and the supersaturated austenite branch parses tiny alloy carbide, and C and alloying element content reduce in the austenite thereby make, and have improved the Ms point, make austenite be transformed into martensite in cooling subsequently.When temperature surpassed 620 ℃, supersaturated austenite all was transformed into martensite, and the proeutectoid carbide particle is significantly grown up, and the dispersity of proeutectoid carbide is reduced, and rich chromium cast iron hardness descends on the contrary.The thermal treatment process selected for use of the present invention is for this reason: 520～600 ℃ * (4～6) hour, air cooling is to room temperature then.Metallographic structure after the sieve plate thermal treatment is: eutectic carbides+proeutectoid carbide+martensite+residual austenite.
Above-mentioned thermal treatment process has been cancelled quench hot, only need carry out one time the subcritical quench treatment of low temperature, save energy, reduce cost, simple and easy to do, low-temperature heat treatment can be guaranteed that also sieve plate is indeformable, not ftracture, the sieve plate final hardness is more than 55HRC, and impelling strength is at 10J/cm
2More than, bending strength is greater than 890MPa, high comprehensive performance.
Effect of the present invention:
1. the sieve plate that adopts the present invention to make, production technique is easy, contains 24%～33% high rigidity eutectic carbides in the metallographic structure, cause sieve plate macrohardness height, reach 55HRC～60HRC, (24HRC～27HRC) significantly improve has good wear resistance than common CrMnN high temperature steel hardness.
2. the high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron sieve plate is after Ce, Nb, Ca, Ti, Zn and Mg composite inoculating are handled, the obvious refinement of matrix, eutectic carbides is become little bulk and is rolled into a ball spherical by bar, band shape, cause the high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron mechanical property to increase substantially, bending strength reaches 890Mpa～960Mpa, and impelling strength reaches 10J/cm
2～13J/cm
2
3. the multiple high chromium antifriction cast iron has advantages of good casting, and the product yield of cast during sieve plate reaches 70%～73%, and only is 52%～58% with the product yield that the CrMnN steel is poured into a mould sieve plate.
4. be enhanced about more than once than CrMnN high temperature steel sieve plate the work-ing life of sieve plate of the present invention.
Be the embodiment that the contriver provides below.
Embodiment:
1, batching: the consumption of various materials (weight %)
Ordinary scrap steel: 48.76 carbon ferrochromes: 33.6
Medium carbon ferrochrome: 4.7 stainless steel waste materials: 9.1
Molybdenum-iron: 1.2 ferromanganese: 0.6
Ferrosilicon: 0.25 zinc-containing substance: 0.16
Magnesium-nickel alloy: 0.02 cerium base rare earth: 0.29
Ferrotianium: 0.43 ferro-niobium: 0.58
Silicocalcium: 0.31
Reductor aluminium accounts for 0.2% of weight of molten iron.
2, melting: with the acid medium-frequency induction furnace melting of 500kg
1. 243.8kg ordinary scrap steel, 168kg carbon ferrochrome, 23.5kg medium carbon ferrochrome, 45.5kg stainless steel waste material and 6kg molybdenum-iron are mixed in the stove of packing into and melt, molten iron adds 3kg ferromanganese and 1.25kg ferrosilicon after melting clearly;
When 2. temperature rises to 1590 ℃, add 1kg aluminium and make reductor, go out molten iron after the deoxidation immediately in casting ladle, be placed with granularity 10mm～13mm in the casting ladle in advance, and through 200 ℃ of 1.55kg silicocalcium of drying, 2.9kg ferro-niobium, 0.1kg magnesium-nickel alloy, 0.8kg zinc-containing substance, 2.15kg ferrotianium and 1.45kg cerium base rare earth;
3, the casting of sieve plate
1. use the sand mold casting of furane resin cold setresin, coating is selected alcohol zircon flour coating for use, and its proportioning is a zirconium English powder 100%, polyvinyl butyral acetal 2%, and ethanol 40%, teeming temperature is 1420 ℃;
2. pour into a mould the air cooling sieve plate of unpacking after 4 hours, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, overlap, burr;
4, sieve plate thermal treatment
Sieve plate is heat-treated in chamber type electric resistance furnace, and its treatment process is to be incubated 5 hours in the time of 580 ℃, takes out the sieve plate air cooling.
Carry out chemical analysis, its composition following (weight %) from sieve plate sampling:
2.91C, 25.81Cr, 0.63Si, 0.78Mn, 0.73Mo, 0.82Ni, 0.15Nb, 0.004Mg, 0.07Ce, 0.05Ca, 0.013Zn, 0.11Ti, 0.015S, 0.039P, all the other are Fe.
Cutting 20mm thin slice tested for hardness on the sieve plate entity is 57.2HRC.
Cut 10mm * 10mm * 55mm non-notch sample on the sieve plate entity, the impelling strength of test antiwear multi-element screening plate made of high-Cr cast iron is 11.7J/cm
2
With the Y type test block of sieve plate with stove casting on cut φ 30mm * 340mm sample, the bending strength of test material is 927.6MPa.
Get the sieve plate of the present invention use of installing, the result is as follows:
Working conditions is the agglomerate vibratory screening apparatus, 750 times/min of shaker vibration frequency, 3.5 ° of screen angles, 220 tons/h of blanking amount.Ore grain size≤220mm, ore Polodyakonov coefficient f=16～19, ore microhardness HV=1000～1200,800～950 ℃ of ore temperature, ore is slipped to sieve plate behind the hammer crushing crusher machine height is 7m.8640 hours mean lives of sieve plate of the present invention, 190.8 ten thousand tons of screening agglomerate amounts, be 3600 hours the mean life of former CrMnN high temperature steel sieve plate, 79.2 ten thousand tons of screening agglomerate amounts.
Antiwear multi-element screening plate made of high-Cr cast iron intensity height of the present invention, good toughness, wear resistance and oxidation-resistance are good, do not rupture in the use, use properties obviously is better than CrMnN high temperature steel sieve plate, and melting technology is simple, casting fluidity is good, do not need to carry out high-temperature heat treatment, content is low, thereby production cost is low for valuable alloying element (Ni and Mo).Antiwear multi-element screening plate made of high-Cr cast iron of the present invention can significantly improve the vibratory screening apparatus operating rate, reduces agglomerate screening cost, has good economic benefits.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of antiwear multi-element screening plate made of high-Cr cast iron that is used for all kinds of agglomerate vibratory screening apparatuss is characterized in that, the weight percent of the chemical ingredients of this sieve plate is:
C：?2.2～3.2 Cr：18～28
Mn：0.6～1.5 Si：0.4～1.0
Mo：0.4～1.5 Ni：0.5～1.2
Nb：0.1～0.5 Ca：0.02～0.08
Zn：0.008～0.050 Mg：0.002～0.010
Ce：0.03～0.10 Ti：0.08～0.15
All the other are Fe and inevitable trace impurity.
2, the manufacture method of antiwear multi-element screening plate made of high-Cr cast iron as claimed in claim 1 forms with electrosmelting, it is characterized in that, its processing step is:
1. with ordinary scrap steel, stainless steel waste material, carbon ferrochrome, medium carbon ferrochrome and the fusing of molybdenum-iron Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten iron adds ferrosilicon and ferromanganese;
2. the stokehold is adjusted to branch and temperature is risen to 1550 ℃～1600 ℃ after qualified, adds the aluminium deoxidation that accounts for weight of molten iron 0.15%～0.40%, then comes out of the stove;
3. magnesium-nickel alloy, silicocalcium, cerium base rare earth, zinc-containing substance, ferro-niobium and ferrotianium are crushed to the fritter of granularity less than 18mm, after oven dry below 220 ℃, place the casting ladle bottom, with the method that pours in the bag molten iron is carried out composite inoculating and handle;
4. use the cold setresin sand molding, paintcast alcohol-base paint, 1400 ℃～1440 ℃ of teeming temperatures;
5. pour into a mould the air cooling sieve plate of unpacking behind 2h～6h, spruing, cleaning undesirable root, overlap, burr;
6. sieve plate is heat-treated at 520 ℃～600 ℃, soaking time 4h～6h, air cooling is to room temperature then, get final product finished product.
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