CN114717467A - Hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001145 Ferrotungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 ferroboron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XACAZEWCMFHVBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Mo] Chemical compound [C].[Mo] XACAZEWCMFHVBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.8 to 4.6 percent of C, 27 to 46 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 2 percent of Si, 0.5 to 1.3 percent of Mn, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Ni, 0.02 to 2 percent of Mo, 0.02 to 1.5 percent of Ti, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of V, 0.015 to 1.5 percent of W, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of B, and the balance of Fe. According to the invention, by reasonably controlling chemical components and contents, increasing the carbon content and introducing Ti and Mo elements, primary carbides are refined and second-phase hard particles are formed, so that a hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained, and the service life is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wear-resistant white cast iron materials, in particular to a hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The high-chromium white cast iron is the third generation white cast iron, is the most widely used chromium white cast iron in industrial application, is mainly used for manufacturing wear-resistant castings, and is widely applied to metallurgical mines, thermal power generation, cement industry and the like. Chromium in the high-chromium cast iron not only can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the material in the slurry, but also has an isolated hexagonal rod-shaped or lath-shaped M7C3The carbide is discontinuously distributed in the matrix, so that the influence on the matrix fracture is greatly weakened, and the high-chromium cast iron has excellent wear resistance and better toughness. However, the number of carbides is increased to a certain extent, coarse primary carbides appear in the high-chromium cast iron, and although the hardness thereof is increased to a certain extent, the toughness of the high-chromium cast iron is drastically reduced, and the rejection rate is extremely high due to crack defects during casting production.
Therefore, the high-chromium white cast iron which is commonly used at present is hypoeutectic and near-eutectic high-chromium white cast iron with the carbon content of 2% -4% and the chromium content of 11% -30%, and hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron is mainly used for producing castings which are simple in shape and applied under low stress wear. However, if the chemical components of the high-chromium white cast iron can be changed, the primary carbide of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron can be refined, the impact toughness can be improved, the wear resistance of the high-chromium cast iron can be further improved, and the application of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron in the slurry pump component can be improved.
The patent publication No. CN110079725A discloses an ultra-high wear-resistant hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the main components are C: 4.0-5.0%, Cr: 25-35%, Si: 0.5-1.0%, Mn: 1.5-2.5%, Ni is less than or equal to 1%, Mo: 2-4% and the balance of Fe. The method is characterized in that Ni is added to be insoluble in carbide and infinitely soluble in iron, so that the austenite transformation critical cooling speed of the high-chromium cast iron can be reduced, the austenite phase region of the iron can be expanded, the hardenability of the material is improved, and the hardening depth of the material can be improved when thick-wall parts are manufactured; mo can be dissolved in austenite and transformation products thereof, and dissolved in chromium carbide or forms carbon-molybdenum compound with carbon, so that the wear resistance of the high-chromium cast iron can be improved, and the high-chromium cast iron is fully hardened under the condition of avoiding generating cracks. The affinity of silicon and oxygen is larger than that of chromium, manganese and the like, and the burning loss of the alloy elements can be reduced during smelting. The steel has higher cost because of adding more Mo.
The patent publication No. CN101892417A discloses a hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron used in an as-cast state and a preparation method thereof, wherein the main components are C: 3.5-4.5%, Mn: 1.0-3.0%, Cr: 16.0-28.0%, Si: 0.5-1.5%, Ti: 2.1 to 3.0 percent of the total weight of the alloy, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of S and the balance of Fe. The main characteristics of this patent do: by changing the adding mode of titanium, namely, firstly transferring the molten iron to a ladle, and then adding ferrotitanium into the electric furnace, the absorption amount of titanium is obviously increased, the casting cracking resistance of the high-chromium cast iron is effectively improved, and the strength and the toughness of the high-chromium cast iron are improved. However, the Ti element is very easy to oxidize and easily causes defects such as slag inclusion and the like of castings because the Ti element contains 2.1-3.0% of Ti. In addition, the patent provides a preparation method in which a layer of plant ash is covered on the surface of molten iron when the molten iron in a ladle is transferred back into an electric furnace, and the performance of the material is not controlled if the subsequent impurity removal process is not complete.
The influence of different heat treatment temperatures on the hardness and the wear resistance of the high-chromium cast iron is introduced in a paper 'influence of titanium nitrogen on the structure and the performance of austenitic high-chromium cast iron', and meanwhile, the influence of different contents of Ti and N on the structure and the performance of the high-chromium cast iron is researched, so that 1.2% of Ti and 0.2% of N are determined as better proportioning components, and the paper does not discuss the influence of a modifier on the structure of the high-chromium cast iron.
In the thesis, "research on the form and toughness of high-chromium white cast iron carbide", it is studied that the amount of eutectic carbide can be remarkably increased by alloying Cu and V, austenite grains are refined to improve the morphology of the carbide, the hardness and impact toughness of the material are improved to a certain extent, after RE is subjected to modification treatment, the austenite grains are further refined, the reticular eutectic carbide starts to be crushed, and are isolated from each other and discontinuously distributed in a matrix, and the fracture of the matrix is reduced, so that the mechanical property of the material is remarkably improved. The process in this paper is not applied in a large scale to practical production applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: the invention provides a hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material, a preparation method and application thereof.
The adopted technical scheme is as follows:
a hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.8 to 4.6 percent of C, 27 to 46 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 2 percent of Si, 0.5 to 1.3 percent of Mn, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Ni, 0.02 to 2 percent of Mo, 0.02 to 1.5 percent of Ti, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of V, 0.015 to 1.5 percent of W, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of B, and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material comprises the following steps:
s1, adopting scrap steel, ferrochrome, pig iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, nickel plate, ferrotitanium, ferrovanadium, ferroboron, metal aluminum, waste brass and carburant as raw materials, and mixing the raw materials according to a provided formula;
s2, mixing scrap steel and pig iron in a smelting furnace, heating to 1500 ℃, adding ferrochrome after molten iron is molten down for further melting down, pre-deoxidizing by using ferrosilicon and ferromanganese, and finally deoxidizing by using aluminum wires; adding ferroboron and ferrotitanium, discharging molten iron from a furnace and pouring into a ladle after the molten iron is molten down, and removing impurities;
and S3, when the temperature of molten iron is 1400 ℃, pouring the molten iron into a mold for molding, adding one or two of chromium carbide powder or tungsten carbide powder during pouring for stream inoculation, and cooling to room temperature.
Further, the preparation method of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material further comprises S4, placing the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron casting material obtained in the S3 in heat treatment for twice quenching.
Further, in S4, two quenching:
the first quenching is carried out at the temperature of 1000 ℃ and 1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-3h, and air cooling is carried out;
the secondary quenching is carried out at the temperature of 1150 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 1.5 to 3 hours, and the temperature is cooled to 350 ℃ by air cooling.
Further, the preparation method of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material also comprises the step S5 of naturally cooling after the material is put into a furnace and tempered for 1-2.5h at the temperature of 200-350 ℃.
Further, in S3, one or two of chromium carbide powder or tungsten carbide powder is added for stream inoculation, and the total addition amount does not exceed 0.1 percent of the weight of the molten iron.
Use of a hypereutectic high chromium cast iron material as described above for the manufacture of a refiner blade for transporting abrasive slurry.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
m in the high-chromium white cast iron is made by reasonably controlling the chemical components and the content of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material7C3The type carbide is changed from a continuous and thick lath shape to an isolated and thin lath shape, and the elements Ti and Mo are introduced to form second-phase hard particles, so that the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained, and the service life in an extreme working environment is prolonged. Specifically, Mo element is introduced into the high-chromium cast iron, so that primary carbide can be refined; the addition of Ti element mainly exists in the high chromium cast iron in the form of carbide, and TiC with high hardness is formed in the casting process and used as second phase hard particles to prevent crystal grains from growing, so that the hardness, the wear resistance and the service life of the high chromium cast iron abrasive disc are improved.
The matrix structure and the size and the form of the carbon content of the high-chromium white cast iron are improved through proper component optimization, the structure of the high-chromium white cast iron is further optimized by combining a certain heat treatment process, and the hardness and the wear resistance are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure of an as-cast sample of high-chromium cast iron in example 1; wherein (a), (c) x 100(200 μm); (b) (d). times.400 (50 μm); (a) and (b) is a transverse metallographic structure metallographic diagram; (c) and (d) is a longitudinal metallographic structure metallographic diagram.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure metallographic phase diagram of a sample after quenching of high-chromium cast iron in example 2; wherein (a), (c) x 100(200 μm); (b) (d). times.400 (50 μm); (a) the (b) is a transverse metallographic structure metallographic phase diagram; (c) and (d) is a longitudinal metallographic structure metallographic phase diagram.
FIG. 3 is the metallographic structure of the sample of high-chromium cast iron after tempering in example 3. Wherein (a), (c) x 100(200 μm); (b) (d). times.400 (50 μm); (a) and (b) is a transverse metallographic structure metallographic diagram; (c) and (d) is a longitudinal metallographic structure metallographic diagram.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the use and purpose of these exemplary embodiments are merely to exemplify the present invention, and do not set forth any limitation on the actual scope of the present invention in any form, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material comprises the following chemical components, by mass, 4% of C, 32% of Cr, 1% of Si, 1.2% of Mn, 0.2% of Ni, 0.05% of Mo, 0.1% of Ti0.1%, 0.2% of V, 1% of W, less than or equal to 0.05% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05% of Al, less than or equal to 0.05% of P, less than or equal to 0.05% of S, less than or equal to 0.05% of B, and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials of scrap steel, ferrochrome, pig iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, nickel plates, ferrotitanium, ferrovanadium, ferroboron, metal aluminum, waste brass and a carburant according to a provided formula;
s2, mixing scrap steel and pig iron in a smelting furnace, heating to 1500 ℃, adding ferrochrome for further melting down after molten iron is melted down, pre-deoxidizing by using ferrosilicon and ferromanganese, and finally deoxidizing by using aluminum wires; adding ferroboron and ferrotitanium, discharging molten iron from a furnace and pouring into a ladle after the molten iron is molten down, and removing impurities;
s3, when the temperature of molten iron is 1400 ℃, pouring the molten iron into a mold for molding, and adding one or two of chromium carbide powder or tungsten carbide powder for stream inoculation during pouring, wherein the total addition amount does not exceed 0.1 percent of the weight of the molten iron; and cooling to room temperature to obtain the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron casting.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure of an as-cast sample of high-chromium cast iron in example 1. The basic mechanical properties are shown in Table 1
As shown.
Example 2
The hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material comprises the following chemical components, by mass, 4% of C, 33% of Cr, 1.1% of Si, 0.7% of Mn, 0.3% of Ni, 0.2% of Mo, 0.1% of Ti, 0.1% of Cu, 0.2% of V, 1% of W, 0.1% of Al, less than or equal to 0.05% of P, less than or equal to 0.05% of S, less than or equal to 0.05% of B, and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials of scrap steel, ferrochrome, pig iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, nickel plates, ferrotitanium, ferrovanadium, ferroboron, metal aluminum, waste brass and a carburant according to a provided formula;
s2, mixing scrap steel and pig iron in a smelting furnace, heating to 1500 ℃, adding ferrochrome after molten iron is molten down for further melting down, pre-deoxidizing by using ferrosilicon and ferromanganese, and finally deoxidizing by using aluminum wires; adding ferroboron and ferrotitanium, discharging molten iron from a furnace and pouring into a ladle after the molten iron is molten down, and removing impurities;
s3, when the temperature of molten iron is 1400 ℃, pouring the molten iron into a mold for molding, and adding one or two of chromium carbide powder or tungsten carbide powder for stream inoculation during pouring, wherein the total addition amount does not exceed 0.1 percent of the weight of the molten iron; and cooling to room temperature to obtain the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron casting.
S4, placing the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron casting in heat treatment for quenching and tempering twice;
the first quenching is carried out at the temperature of 1000 ℃ and 1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-3h, and air cooling is carried out;
the secondary quenching is carried out at the temperature of 1150 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 1.5 to 3 hours, and the temperature is cooled to 350 ℃ by air cooling.
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure metallographic phase diagram of a sample after quenching of high-chromium cast iron in example 2; the basic mechanical properties are shown in table 1.
Example 3
The hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c4%, Cr 32%, Si 0.8%, Mn 1%, Ni 0.3%, Mo 0.2%, Ti 0.2%, V0.18%, W1%, Al 0.1%, Cu less than or equal to 0.05%, P less than or equal to 0.05%, S less than or equal to 0.05%, B less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance of Fe.
The preparation method of the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials of scrap steel, ferrochrome, pig iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, nickel plates, ferrotitanium, ferrovanadium, ferroboron, metal aluminum, waste brass and a carburant according to a provided formula;
s2, mixing scrap steel and pig iron in a smelting furnace, heating to 1500 ℃, adding ferrochrome after molten iron is molten down for further melting down, pre-deoxidizing by using ferrosilicon and ferromanganese, and finally deoxidizing by using aluminum wires; adding ferroboron and ferrotitanium, discharging molten iron from a furnace and pouring into a ladle after the molten iron is molten down, and removing impurities;
s3, when the temperature of molten iron is 1400 ℃, pouring the molten iron into a mold for molding, and adding one or two of chromium carbide powder or tungsten carbide powder for stream inoculation during pouring, wherein the total addition amount does not exceed 0.1 percent of the weight of the molten iron; and cooling to room temperature to obtain the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron casting.
S4, placing the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron casting in heat treatment for quenching and tempering twice;
the first quenching is carried out at the temperature of 1000 ℃ and 1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-3h, and air cooling is carried out;
the second quenching is 1000-1150 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1.5-3h, and the air cooling is carried out to 200-350 ℃.
And (4) tempering in a furnace for 1-2.5h, and naturally cooling.
FIG. 3 is a metallographic structure of a sample after tempering high-chromium cast iron in example 3; the basic mechanical properties are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 basic mechanical property table of hypereutectic high chromium cast iron material
Example 4
The hypereutectic high chromium cast iron material of example 3 was used to make a refiner plate for transporting abrasive slurries. The refiner plate of this example was prepared from the hypereutectic high chromium cast iron material of example 3.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. All changes which come within the scope of the invention as defined by the independent claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. A hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.8 to 4.6 percent of C, 27 to 46 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 2 percent of Si, 0.5 to 1.3 percent of Mn, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Ni, 0.02 to 2 percent of Mo, 0.02 to 1.5 percent of Ti, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of V, 0.015 to 1.5 percent of W, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of B, and the balance of Fe.
2. A method for preparing a hypereutectic high chromium cast iron material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing raw materials of scrap steel, ferrochrome, pig iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum, ferromanganese, nickel plates, ferrotitanium, ferrovanadium, ferroboron, metal aluminum, waste brass and a carburant according to a provided formula;
s2, mixing scrap steel and pig iron in a smelting furnace, heating to 1500 ℃, adding ferrochrome after molten iron is molten down for further melting down, pre-deoxidizing by using ferrosilicon and ferromanganese, and finally deoxidizing by using aluminum wires; adding ferroboron and ferrotitanium, discharging molten iron from a furnace and pouring into a ladle after the molten iron is molten down, and removing impurities;
and S3, when the temperature of molten iron is 1400 ℃, pouring the molten iron into a mold for molding, adding one or two of chromium carbide powder or tungsten carbide powder during pouring for stream inoculation, and cooling to room temperature.
3. The method for preparing a hypereutectic high chromium cast iron material according to claim 2, further comprising S4. placing the hypereutectic high chromium cast iron material obtained in S3 in a heat treatment for quenching twice.
4. The method for preparing a hypereutectic high chromium cast iron material according to claim 3, wherein in S4, two quenching steps are performed:
the first quenching is carried out at the temperature of 1000 ℃ and 1200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-3h, and air cooling is carried out;
the secondary quenching is carried out at the temperature of 1150 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 1.5 to 3 hours, and the temperature is cooled to 350 ℃ by air cooling.
5. The method for preparing the hypereutectic high-chromium cast iron material according to claim 4, further comprising the step of S5, naturally cooling after the step of tempering in the furnace at the temperature of 200-350 ℃ for 1-2.5 h.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein in step S3, one or both of chromium carbide powder and tungsten carbide powder are added for stream inoculation, and the total amount added is not more than 0.1% by weight of the molten iron.
7. Use of a hypereutectic high chromium cast iron material according to claim 1 for the manufacture of a refiner plate for the conveyance of abrasive slurry.
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