CN1204191A - 滤波器选择器 - Google Patents

滤波器选择器 Download PDF

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CN1204191A
CN1204191A CN98106692A CN98106692A CN1204191A CN 1204191 A CN1204191 A CN 1204191A CN 98106692 A CN98106692 A CN 98106692A CN 98106692 A CN98106692 A CN 98106692A CN 1204191 A CN1204191 A CN 1204191A
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array
filter
wavelength
filters
wadm
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CN98106692A
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CN1156097C (zh
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S·P·费尔古森
A·M·索利
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M (DGP1) Ltd
Ericsson AB
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GPT Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29346—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by wave or beam interference
    • G02B6/29361—Interference filters, e.g. multilayer coatings, thin film filters, dichroic splitters or mirrors based on multilayers, WDM filters
    • G02B6/29368—Light guide comprising the filter, e.g. filter deposited on a fibre end
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
    • G02B6/29382—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM including at least adding or dropping a signal, i.e. passing the majority of signals
    • G02B6/29383—Adding and dropping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
    • G02B6/29395—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device configurable, e.g. tunable or reconfigurable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0201—Add-and-drop multiplexing

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)

Abstract

在波长划分多路复用(WDM)光通信系统中,一个接入－引出多路复用器(WADM)包括邻接的滤波器阵列,每一个用于选择沿光纤在多路复用数据流中发送的相应波长的光波,滤波器阵列中的每一个被邻接到标准透明滤波器阵列的一部分和用于移动阵列的设备,这样在使用时滤波器之间的移动经过阵列的透明滤波器部分产生。操作WADM的方法中滤波器阵列的两个滤波器间的变化通过阵列的标准滤波器部分发生。

Description

滤波器选择器
在光通信传输中，波长划分多路复用(WDM)的使用正在增长。在当今的WDM系统中，每个不可见光的不同波长都被以某种方式调制并通过复用到同一光纤上而被组合。每一波长的调制可以是模拟的或数字的，用不同的协议和速率或其组合来进行以承载诸如数据，视频或语音这样的通信业务。在接收设备侧，传统上不同的波长被分别分离和解调。
能够只接入沿光纤的几个波长而无需对它们全部解复用的开销和其它后果在经济上是有吸引力。接人包括从光纤移取或拷贝某一波长的光波，和／或加入同一波长的光波，或如果光纤上已存在的光谱有间隙时以另一个波长。提供这一个特性的设备是波长插入-引出多路复用器(WADM)。典型的在一个光纤上承载16个波长并在一个位置上有可能接人其中的4个。
能够遥控改变或重新配置将被接人的波长选择尤为重要。这与面向“被管理带宽”的电信传输的一般趋势相符合，通过它业务流量在中央控制下不断经过诸如SDH(同步数字系列)插入-引出多路复用器(AMD)和数字交叉连接这样的网络单元按照需要沿网络选择路由。
有多种用于WDM多路复用和解复用的滤波器技术，其中某些可用于WDM。大多数允许波长接人被配置的技术有重要的性能限制。这反映了系统工程的共同事实，即一个参数可变的单元与一个固定单元相比在该参数或其它参数运行时更接近下限。
克服这个问题的一种方法是采用一组反射波长滤波器，每个滤波器固定其波长选择，并且按照需要在通路中引入不同的滤波器。这些滤波器在突出所选波长和不影响其它波长方面性能优越。特定滤波器的引用将使其波长在被接收时被反射到另一侧而引出给一个特定用户，并允许从该侧引入或加上同一波长的光波并被反射到前向通路上。
产生的潜在危险是从一个波长滤波器到另一个的改变从某种意义上会通过临时引入其它波长而干扰整个业务流量。即使是持续了几纳秒或更短的干扰也可能由于典型承载业务的特性而在几毫秒或更长的时间内引起业务丢失。同样，光波路径的微小但突然的变化也可能引起干扰，例如通过移走一个滤波器。许多诸如SDH业务这样的电信应用不能容忍这种干扰。本发明避免了从路径上移走滤波器。
在几个滤波器之间进行选择的一种可能方法是，把它们每一个依次移到一个光束中，同时通过某种方法确保滤波器之间的变化不会干扰没被提供滤波器的波长。可以通过透镜形成光束，这样离开光纤的光波被聚焦到一个并行光束，该光束经过空间进入另一个透镜并被重新聚焦进入另一个光纤。为此目的有合式的商业设备，并且可以在光束中引入滤波器及其它部件，它们的典型长度是20mm。
根据本发明提供了一个利用波长划分多路复用(WDM)的光通信系统，一个波长插入-引出多路复用器(WADM)包括相邻连接的滤波器阵列，每一个用于选择沿光纤在多路复用数据流中发送的相应波长的光波，滤波器阵列中的每一个被邻接到标准透明滤波器阵列的一部分和用于移动阵列的设备，这样在使用时滤波器之间的移动经过阵列的标准透明滤波器部分产生。
在使用WDM的光通信系统中还提供了一种操作WADM的方法，其中，滤波器阵列中两个滤波器(每个用于在沿光纤在多路复用数据中发送的相应波长的选择)的变迁通过阵列的透明滤波器部分发生。
现在将通过举例参考附图描述本发明，其中：
图1说明根据本发明的一种可能的滤波器配置；
图2说明另一种可能的滤波器配置。
可以通过有一个在每个交叉臂有一个不同的滤波器的交叉形状的玻璃平板1和在交叉的所有其它部分的标准透明物体6，典型的中心8按照图1所示进行机械配置。然后两个移动致动器7能依次将每个滤波器臂移入受控光束以便总是通过交叉的中心部分8。滤波器平板1在其自身平面上的转动是不能被接受的，因为它会随着平板在所选定的波长之间移动给其滤波器在交叉上不邻接的波长带来不所希望的干扰。
如图2所示，另一种适于在几乎无限多个波长之间进行选择的方法是延一个平板11使用滤波器12，13，14，15的线路并且有一个和滤波器12，13，14，15平行的标准透明部分16，滤波器12，13，14，15可以在其自身平面上侧移，以便在干净和经滤波的部分之间移动也可以纵向移动以便选择下一个滤波器。
与这样的滤波器移动有关的时间可以远小于一秒钟，这可以与用于带宽管理的现有远端管理系统的响应时间相适应。在那里需要较快的响应，可能保护两个交替路由之间的切换在几十毫秒之内，这样就能使用有两个滤波器的较简单机制。
为了同时接人多个波长，可以如上所述在光束中顺序放入多个组件。每个组件将只反射选定的波长，允许其它波长通过到下一个组件而光能量的损失较少。
机械系统的一个关键要求是高可靠性，而不管重新配置之间的时间间隔是几毫秒还是几年。这在通信系统中都是有可能发生的。

Claims (4)

1．在一个利用波长划分多路复用(WDM)的光通信系统中，一个波长插入-引出多路复用器(WADM)包括相邻连接的滤波器阵列，每个用于选择沿光纤在多路复用数据流中发送的相应波长的光波，滤波器阵列中的每一个被邻接到标准透明滤波器阵列的一部分和用于移动阵列的设备，这样在使用时滤波器之间的移动经过阵列的透明滤波器部分产生。
2．在权利要求1的光通信系统中，其中选择滤波器和线性透明部分线性并行排列。
3．在权利要求1的光通信系统中，WADM其中选择滤波器和线性透明部分线性并行排列。
4．在利用WDM的光通信系统中，用于操作WADM的方法，其中滤波器阵列的两个滤波器之间的变化通过阵列的标准滤波器部分发生，两个滤波器中每个用于选择延光纤在多路复用数据流中被发送的相应波长。
CNB981066925A 1997-06-26 1998-04-16 滤波器选择器 Expired - Fee Related CN1156097C (zh)

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GBGB9713575.0A GB9713575D0 (en) 1997-06-26 1997-06-26 Filter selector
GB9713575.0 1997-06-26

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EP (1) EP0887964B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH1127239A (zh)
CN (1) CN1156097C (zh)
AU (1) AU753905B2 (zh)
DE (1) DE69834772T2 (zh)
GB (2) GB9713575D0 (zh)
NO (1) NO981153L (zh)

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JP3517406B2 (ja) 2001-10-10 2004-04-12 サンテック株式会社 波長可変合分波器及び波長ルーティング装置
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GB2326785B (en) 2002-09-04
EP0887964B1 (en) 2006-06-07
JPH1127239A (ja) 1999-01-29
AU753905B2 (en) 2002-10-31
NO981153D0 (no) 1998-03-16
US6181451B1 (en) 2001-01-30
GB9713575D0 (en) 1997-09-03
AU5939298A (en) 1999-01-07
DE69834772T2 (de) 2007-06-14
GB9805245D0 (en) 1998-05-06
GB2326785A (en) 1998-12-30
NO981153L (no) 1998-12-28
CN1156097C (zh) 2004-06-30
EP0887964A3 (en) 2004-01-21
EP0887964A2 (en) 1998-12-30
DE69834772D1 (de) 2006-07-20

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