CN1197888A - 一种压力调节装置 - Google Patents

一种压力调节装置 Download PDF

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CN1197888A
CN1197888A CN98108203A CN98108203A CN1197888A CN 1197888 A CN1197888 A CN 1197888A CN 98108203 A CN98108203 A CN 98108203A CN 98108203 A CN98108203 A CN 98108203A CN 1197888 A CN1197888 A CN 1197888A
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pressure
fuel
pump
piston
outlet
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R·S·邦德
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ZF International UK Ltd
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Lucas Industries Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M39/00—Arrangements of fuel-injection apparatus with respect to engines; Pump drives adapted to such arrangements
    • F02M39/005—Arrangements of fuel feed-pumps with respect to fuel injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/08—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined
    • F02M41/14—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined rotary distributor supporting pump pistons
    • F02M41/1405—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor and pumping elements being combined rotary distributor supporting pump pistons pistons being disposed radially with respect to rotation axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/16—Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor characterised by the distributor being fed from a constant pressure source, e.g. accumulator or constant pressure positive displacement pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B11/00—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation
    • F04B11/0008—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation using accumulators
    • F04B11/0033—Equalisation of pulses, e.g. by use of air vessels; Counteracting cavitation using accumulators with a mechanical spring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/24—Bypassing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
    • F04C14/26—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于低压燃料泵(10)的压力调节装置包括一连接在泵(10)的入口(14)和出口(16)之间的减压阀(42),当它们之间的压力差超过预定值时允许燃料从出口(16)流向入口(14);和一独立于减压阀(42)的蓄压器,其中减压阀(42)与泵(10)的出口(16)连通。

Description

一种压力调节装置
本发明涉及到用于低压燃料泵上的压力调节装置。
低压燃料泵用于向高压燃料泵的入口和其它装置供给压力相对低的燃料。通常横跨低压泵的入口和出口设置一压力调节装置以控制压力，使低压泵在此压力下供应燃料。
图1表示了一传统压力调节装置它包括一在缸孔2内滑动的活塞1，缸孔2的一端连通低压旋转式叶片泵4的燃料入口3同时缸孔2的另一端连通燃料泵出口5。一弹簧6使活塞1倾向缸孔2的出口端。缸孔2里设有一开口7，并且和开口7这样被定位：当泵的出口5处的压力超过入口3处的压力，即大于一预定值时，活塞1克服弹簧6的作用力移动以增加从出口5通过开口7向入口3的流速。这样当高压泵8输送燃料时，就会产生很大的压差，尽管泵4继续在运转但此时没有燃料供给高压泵8，在后来的高压泵地周期的燃料壳充填阶段，燃料从低压泵出口5流入高压泵8，于是出口5处压力降低。出口处压力的降低引起压差下降和活塞1的移动。以减少流经开口7的燃料流量。当压力下降时活塞1的移动是平缓的，而燃料继续流经开口7，即使在此时燃料正供给高压泵8。
高压泵所需的燃料量越大，燃料供给所需的时间就越短，因此供给高压泵足够的燃料是困难的。本发明的目的就在于提供一种压力调节装置，以减少这种不利因素的影响。
根据本发明，提供一种压力调节装置，它包括横跨低压泵的入口和出口连接弹簧作用的减压阀，以允许当它们的之间的压力差超过预定值时燃料从出口流向入口，和一蓄压器被连接到出口上，蓄压器由一在缸体内可滑动的活塞形成和一弹簧，使活塞倾向于当燃料泵出口处的压力低时，蓄压器。容量易受燃料影响的位置选择蓄压器的弹簧和减压阀的参数，以允许活塞移动从而在降压阀开启前增大蓄压器的容量。在出口压力下降时燃料从蓄压器供给，其中蓄压器补充直接从燃料泵来的燃料以满足需要，当不受蓄压器控制以终止燃料从出口处向入口处回流减压阀快速关闭。
下面通过实施例，参照附图进一步描述本发明，附图为：
图1是传统的与低压和高压泵一起使用的压力调节装置的简图；
图2是本发明的第一个实施例的类似于图1的视图；和
图3是另一个实施例的视图。
图2所示的压力调节装置是与一每循环周期定量输出的低压叶片泵或齿轮泵10和一高压泵12一同使用的。低压泵10包括一入口14用于接受来自一适当的燃料箱的燃料。低压泵10还通过一出口16与高压泵12的入口18相连通。
高压泵包括一能在套筒22内转动的分配器部件20，套筒22内设有入口18和若干个出口24。分配器部件20包括一轴向延伸的通道26和径向延伸的入口和出口通道28，30，根据分配器部件20相对于套筒22的转动，入口和出口通道28，30被设置在与入口18和出口24相对应的位置。分配器部件20包括一扩大部位其内设有一贯通的缸孔32，缸孔32与轴向延伸的通道26连通。增压活塞34可在缸孔32内往复运动，每一活塞34和外端连接一滑靴和滚轮装置36，该装置36与一凸轮环38的凸轮面相配合，因此根据分配器部件20的转动，在轮面的作用下活塞34在油缸筒32内往复运动。
虽然附图中表示出入口和出口通道28，30都是与入口和出口18，24对齐的，而实际上，通道与孔口的方位是这样的，当入口18与入口通道28之一连通时，出口通道30与任何一个出口24都不相通。在使用中，从低压泵10的出口16流出的燃料通过入口18和与入口18连通的入口通道28流入缸孔32，引起活塞34径向向外移动。分配器部件20转动使得入口通道28与入口18之间的连通被断开，而出口通道30与出口24中的一个相连通。一旦达到这种状态，滑靴的滚珠和滚轮装置36与凸轮环38的凸轮表面上设置的凸轮凸角相接合，导致活塞34开始向内移动。活塞34的向内移动压缩缸孔32内的燃料致使燃料在高压下从缸孔32输送到与出口通道30相连通的出口24。连续的转动使得滚轮压在凸轮环38的凸起部，于是活塞34的向内移动停止。接着出口通道30移离出口24，而最后下一个入口通道28对准入口18准备开始下一轮增压循环。
虽然附图中没有说明，分配器部件20是以一与相关的发动机的运行速度相应的速度通过相应的驱动轴被驱动的。此外，活塞开始向外移动不作为传送的终止，泵12也可为溢流型泵。
为了控制低压泵10的出口16处的燃料压力，在出口16和入口14之间连接一压力调节装置40。压力调节装置40包括一弹簧作用的减压阀42，其通常状态下是关闭的，但是当出口16和入口14之间的压差超过预定压差时减压阀开启允许燃料从出口16流向入口14。压力调节装置还包括一蓄压器，由一连接出口16和入口14的缸孔44形成，一活塞46可克服弹簧48的作用在缸孔44内滑动。选择弹簧48的系数以允许活塞46移动以在减压阀42开启前增大受低压泵10的出口16处的压力影响蓄压器的容积。减压阀42开启的压力取决于阀座直径和其弹簧的系数。减压阀42的阀座直径适当的大些以增加减压阀42对压力变化的灵敏度。当高压泵12在高压下输送燃料而不是接收从低压泵10来的燃料时，出口16内的燃料压力增大，并且压力的增大足够克服弹簧48的作用力推动活塞46移动，于是在低压泵10和高压泵12之间供给相对大体积的燃料。这些燃料的压力超过减压阀42的开启压力，阀42将开启允许燃料从出口16流向入口14。
在后来的高压泵12的运行周期之充填期间，来自出口16的燃料供给高压泵12，从低压泵10供给的燃料得到蓄压器中燃料的补给，活塞46在弹簧48的作用下移动以从缸孔44内排出燃料。应该知道：当供给高压泵12的燃料源于蓄压器和低压泵10时，供给高压泵12的燃料的流速大于由低压泵10供给的燃料之流速。如果减压阀42是开启的，由向高压泵12供给燃料产生的施加于其上的压力的下降导致减压阀42迅速地关闭，使通过减压阀42流回入口14的燃料量减至最低程度。
附图3所表示的结构与附图2所表示的结构相似，只是压力调节装置40的蓄压器不是连接在出口16和入口14之间，而是连接在出口16和凸轮罩(由虚线50表示)之间，凸轮罩中安放高压燃料泵12的凸轮环38。本实施例的运行与参照附图2描述的实施例相似，只不过活塞46克服弹簧48之作用力的移动，产生了从缸孔44到高压泵12的凸轮箱50以燃料的位移，而不是像附图2中所表示的流向低压泵10的入口14。这种配置的优点在于，在使用中，高压泵12的活塞的向外移动增大凸轮箱内的燃料压力。在附图3的结构中，在增压周期的这一阶段活塞46的移动使燃料流入缸孔44，这样减少凸轮外壳压力增加的程度，并且推动了弹簧48。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于低压泵(10)的压力调节装置，压力调节装置包括横跨泵(10)的入口(14)和出口(16)连接的弹簧作用的减压阀(42)，当它们之间的压力差超过预定值时允许燃料从出口(16)流向入口(14)，和一连接泵(10)的出口(16)的蓄压器，所说蓄压器由一可在缸孔(44)内滑动的活塞(46)形成，在泵出口的压力较低时活塞被推向蓄压器的容量受燃料影响的位置上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的压力调节装置，其特征在于活塞(46)由一弹簧(48)推动。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的压力调节装置，其特征在于活塞(46)包括一易受泵(10)的入口处(14)燃料压力影响的背面。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的压力调节装置，其在于活塞(46)包括一易受与高压燃料泵(12)结合的凸轮罩(50)内的燃料压力影响的背面。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项权利要求所述的压力调节装置，其特征在于减压阀(42)包括一被弹簧推向座的球形阀门。
6.根据权利要求5所述的压力调节装置，其特征在于座为大直径。
CN98108203A 1997-03-08 1998-03-07 一种压力调节装置 Pending CN1197888A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9704834.2 1997-03-08
GBGB9704834.2A GB9704834D0 (en) 1997-03-08 1997-03-08 Pressure regulator

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CN1197888A true CN1197888A (zh) 1998-11-04

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US (1) US6112718A (zh)
EP (1) EP0863306B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH10252590A (zh)
KR (1) KR19980079769A (zh)
CN (1) CN1197888A (zh)
DE (1) DE69815175T2 (zh)
GB (1) GB9704834D0 (zh)

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CN106103999A (zh) * 2014-09-16 2016-11-09 Ｋｙｂ株式会社 泵装置

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GB9920200D0 (en) * 1999-08-27 1999-10-27 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel pump
US20050011554A1 (en) * 2003-01-28 2005-01-20 Taprite-Fassco Manufacturing Inc. Modular regulator
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US11407274B2 (en) 2020-03-12 2022-08-09 Denso International America, Inc Accumulator pressure drop regulation system for a heat pump

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106103999A (zh) * 2014-09-16 2016-11-09 Ｋｙｂ株式会社 泵装置
CN106103999B (zh) * 2014-09-16 2018-05-15 Ｋｙｂ株式会社 泵装置

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JPH10252590A (ja) 1998-09-22
DE69815175T2 (de) 2004-04-29
GB9704834D0 (en) 1997-04-23
KR19980079769A (ko) 1998-11-25
EP0863306B1 (en) 2003-06-04
DE69815175D1 (de) 2003-07-10
US6112718A (en) 2000-09-05
EP0863306A1 (en) 1998-09-09

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