CN1196096A - 铜的回收方法 - Google Patents
铜的回收方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1196096A CN1196096A CN96196825A CN96196825A CN1196096A CN 1196096 A CN1196096 A CN 1196096A CN 96196825 A CN96196825 A CN 96196825A CN 96196825 A CN96196825 A CN 96196825A CN 1196096 A CN1196096 A CN 1196096A
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- copper
- oxime
- diketone
- extractant
- dodecyl
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- -1 hydroxy aryl oxime Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- GVTQQXMVSYYNCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[(2-dodecoxyphenyl)methylidene]hydroxylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC1=CC=CC=C1C=NO GVTQQXMVSYYNCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MKRXBIJYBSELJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-butyl-1-hydroxyimino-1-phenyldecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(CCCC)C(O)C(=NO)C1=CC=CC=C1 MKRXBIJYBSELJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UNJGEWYTCXNJEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-butyl-1-hydroxyimino-1-phenylheptan-2-ol Chemical group CCCCC(CCCC)C(O)C(=NO)C1=CC=CC=C1 UNJGEWYTCXNJEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012976 tarts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 2
- FZENGILVLUJGJX-NSCUHMNNSA-N (E)-acetaldehyde oxime Chemical compound C\C=N\O FZENGILVLUJGJX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960003280 cupric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IFQULAPKPYIHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyldecane-1,3-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IFQULAPKPYIHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(O)=O LJKDOMVGKKPJBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIWYWGLEPWBBQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O FIWYWGLEPWBBQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUIOKRXOKLLURE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O DUIOKRXOKLLURE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJWMCPYEODZESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dodecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KJWMCPYEODZESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWGTVLYQSJNUFP-SILNSSARSA-N 4-dodecyl-2-[(Z)-hydroxyiminomethyl]phenol Chemical compound [H]\C(=N\O)C1=C(O)C=CC(CCCCCCCCCCCC)=C1 UWGTVLYQSJNUFP-SILNSSARSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTBLCSJCQJZFSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-heptyl-2-(hydroxyiminomethyl)phenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C(C=NO)=C1 MTBLCSJCQJZFSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCO PLLBRTOLHQQAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000512668 Eunectes Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004440 Isodecyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940058344 antitrematodals organophosphorous compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003321 atomic absorption spectrophotometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical class [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical compound [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052955 covellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005363 electrowinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- ORIHZIZPTZTNCU-YVMONPNESA-N salicylaldoxime Chemical compound O\N=C/C1=CC=CC=C1O ORIHZIZPTZTNCU-YVMONPNESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
- C22B15/0078—Leaching or slurrying with ammoniacal solutions, e.g. ammonium hydroxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/306—Ketones or aldehydes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/30—Oximes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
从含铜的有用成分的氨水溶液中回收铜的改进方法,其中采用溶于与水不混溶的有机烃溶剂中的二酮铜萃取剂构成的有机相萃取氨水溶液中的铜的有用成分,改进之处在于从该有机萃取相中反萃该铜,其中反萃的改进之处在于将催化量的羟基芳基肟掺入或加于该二酮萃取剂相中。还提供了改进的萃取剂组合物,它由二酮铜萃取剂和催化量(最好相对二酮为约0.5—约5%摩尔)的羟基芳基肟如壬基或十二烷基水杨醛肟的混合物组成。
Description
本发明涉及通过对来自各种工业生产过程的含有铜的有用成分的氨水溶液进行萃取以回收铜的方法,所述的工业生产过程包括,但不限于,浸提含铜的矿石,如硫化物矿石,或浸提这类硫化物矿石浮选后而得的精矿。
在从铜的硫化物矿石中回收铜的实践中,涉及到使该矿石经历泡沫浮选而产生该有用金属硫化物的精矿,及淘汰无价值的硫化物、硅酸盐、铝酸盐等浮选尾矿的工序。所产生的这类精矿中的一种是含辉铜矿和靛铜矿的辉铜矿精矿。
在授予Kuhn和Arbiter的美国专利US.4,022,866中,及在此二人后来发表的论文“Physical and Chemical Separation Via the ArbiterProcess”(11th International Mining Congress,April 1975 Cagliari,Italy;Proc-Int.Miner.Process.Congress.Paper30;PP.831-847)中,公开了用氨/硫酸铵和氧浸提硫化铜精矿,从而可通过溶剂萃取回收该硫酸盐及溶解的铜。在该专利中仅一般地将此溶剂萃取剂描述为优选地将铜从碱性溶剂载出的萃取剂。在该述及Arbiter法的论文中,重点集中在完全或近乎完全地浸提此精矿。Kuhn和Arbiter的另一篇论文“Anaconda′sArbiter Process for Copper”(Hydrometallurgy,CIM Bulletin,Feb,1974)有类似的描述。
US.4,563,256描述了从含氨溶液中回收锌的有用成份的溶剂萃取方法,该溶液中还含铜的有用成份,所用的是各种肟萃取剂。
US.2,727,818叙述了用含氨的浸提溶液浸提硫化铜原料的方法。未讨论任何溶剂萃取。
US.4,065,502和4,175,012叙述了在从含金属的有用成份水溶液中回收此金属如镍或铜的液—液离子交换方法中被用作金属萃取剂的β二酮,所述水溶液包括氨的水溶液。
US.4,350,661叙述了从氨的水溶液中萃取铜的方法:首先用β二酮提取,接着用肟提取。作为可供选择替代的方式,采用二酮和肟的混合物,其中该萃取剂含约5-30%(体积)强试剂(肟)和10-60%体积弱试剂(β二酮)。
在共同指定的,待批的,申请序号为07/745,028的美国专利申请(该申请的全部公开内容结合在本申请中供参考),叙述了局部浸提辉铜矿的精矿,以提供含铜的有用成份的氨浸提水溶液以及高铜转变,载氨低的萃取剂如β二酮的用途。还公开了单独的或与该二酮混合的肟萃取剂。
在此说明书中的各操作实施例中,除非另行明确指明之处外,所有述及各成份或反应条件的数值都应理解为用“大约”一词修饰过的数量。
业已发现:当优选的二酮萃取剂,1-苯基-3-庚基-1,3-丙二酮与因用氨/硫酸铵浸提硫化铜精矿而得到的含氨溶液接触时,该二酮萃取剂将提取铜,但因反复使用,则变得更难以反萃取铜。这个问题被认为是因通过浸提液而被带入此有机相中的表面活性剂类原料与氨和该β二酮反应所形成的酮亚胺间的协同相互反应而引起的。
但是,现已发现:在该有机萃取剂相中,除采用该β二酮萃取剂外,催化量芳基羟基肟的使用提供了非常有效的改进的铜的回收方法,其在分离动力学方面有明显的改善。
虽然本发明在处理含铜硫化物矿石时遇到氨浸提溶液的应用中是特别有用的,但本发明在任何含铜的有用成份的含氨水溶液中提取铜时都是可被采用的或有用的。
因此,在其一般的用途方面,本发明涉及从含氨水溶液中提取和回收铜的方法上的改进,该方法包括:
(1)使含铜的有用成份的,含氨富铜水溶液与溶于水不混溶有机溶剂中的与水不混溶的β二酮铜萃取剂接触,从而将铜的有用成份从所述的氨的水溶液中萃入所述的有机溶液中,因而形成富铜的有机相和贫铜的水相;
(2)将所述的水相与所述的有机相分离;使该富铜的有机相与酸性的反萃水溶液接触,借此将铜的有用成份由有机相反萃入所述的酸性反萃水溶液中;
(3)将所述的酸性反萃水溶液与所述的有机相分离;
(4)从所述的酸性反萃水溶液中回收铜;
该方法的改进包括将催化量的肟化合物,最好是羟基、芳基肟化合物加于,或结合在β-二酮铜萃取剂中,所述的肟化合物本身也是铜萃取剂。
由此可见,本发明的目的还在于新的铜萃取剂,它包括与催化量的肟化合物,最好是羟基、芳基肟混合的β-二酮。本文中所用的所谓的催化量指的是比二酮的量小的该肟的量,最好是相对于该β-二酮为约0.5-约5%摩尔的肟。
如上所述,本发明适用于得自各种来源的含氨水溶液,该水溶液包括富铜的浸提溶液,如那些在浸提辉铜矿精矿时所遇到的溶液。在这类应用中,打算通过萃取从中回收铜的该富铜浸提溶液将在pH约8.5-11时含约15-100g/l铜,而一般是含30-40g/l铜。在其它应用方面所遇到的溶液中,所述的溶液比如是在含氨的氯化铜印刷板蚀刻剂中所遇到的溶液含约15~20g/l这一较低含量铜。
由于该β-二酮有低的载氨性能,所以它是用于从含氨溶液中回收铜的优选的萃取剂。这些β-二酮是特定的β-二酮,如在US.4,065,502和4,015,980中所述的那些β-二酮。其中特别适用的一种是可以L1XR54购自Henkel Corpration的1-苯基-3-庚基-1,3-丙二酮。可被采用的其它的二酮化合物由下式限定:
其中R是苯基或烷基取代的苯基,R′是烷基、烷基取代的苯基或氯取代的苯基,而R″是H或CN,前提是(1)当R是苯基时,R1是含至少7个碳原子的支链烷基,及(2)当R是烷基取代的苯基时,该烷基取代基中的碳原子数至少为7,而且至少一个这类烷基取代基是支链的。R希望是单烷基取代的,最好含9个或更多的碳原子。若R是二烷基取代的,则该烷基取代基中的一或几个可以是低级烷基,但在该两种烷基取代基中的碳原子总数应平均约为6,而最好是优选约为5和7个碳原子的烷基基团;但,位于该苯环周围的两种异构体的混合物可包括某些C2、C3和C4烷基基团的混合物。这类烷基基团最好是未取代的,并且含少于约20个碳。还有,当R′是烷基时,该羰基上的α碳最好不是叔碳原子最好,R″是H,R′是支链的7,8,9,12或17碳链,或氯苯基或短链(1-5个碳)烷基取代的苯基,而R是苯基或7,8,9或12个碳的烷基取代的苯基。
将以催化量与该β-二酮一起被使用的该肟化合物是特定的如于US.4,563,256中所述的肟。这类可用的肟通常以下式限定:
其中R1是1-25个碳原子的饱和脂族基团,或是3-25个碳原子的烯属不饱和基团,或是OR3,其中R3是定义如上的饱和或烯属不饱和基团,a是整数0,1,2,3,或4,而R2是H,或定义如上的饱和或烯属不饱和基团,但条件是,R1和R2中的碳原子总数为3-25,或是苯基,或是R4取代的苯基,其中R4是定义如上的,可与R1相同或不同的饱和或烯属不饱和基团。作为例证的某些肟化合物是5-庚基水杨醛肟、5-辛基水杨醛肟、5-壬基水杨醛肟、5-十二烷基水杨醛肟、5-壬基-2-羟基苯乙酮肟、5-十二烷基-2-羟基苯乙酮肟、2-羟基-5-壬基二苯酮肟和2-羟基-5-十二烷基二苯酮肟。虽然较好的是除该β-二酮之外还采用单肟化合物,但不同种肟的混合物可用来满足特定系统的要求。
多种基本上与水不相混溶的液态烃溶剂可用于此铜的回收方法,以形成其中溶有该萃取剂的有机相。所述溶剂包括脂族和芳族烃如煤油、苯、甲苯、二甲苯等。在工业上对基本上与水不相混溶的烃溶剂或其混合物的选择取决于几个因素,这包括溶剂萃取厂的工厂设计(混合澄清装置,提取器)等。用于本发明的优选溶剂可以是闪点为130°F或更高,最好是至少150°F,水中溶解度小于0.1%(重量)的脂族或芳族烃。该溶剂基本上是化学惰性的。代表性的市售溶剂是闪点为195°F的ChevronTM离子交换溶剂(可从Stadard Oil of California购得);EscaidTM 100和110(可从Exxon-Europe购得,其闪点为180°F);NorparTM 12(可从Exxon-USA得到,其闪点为160°F);ConocoTMC1214(可得自Conoco,闪点160°F);Aromatic150(可得自Exxon-USA的,闪点为150°F的芳香族煤油),以及其它煤油和得自其它石油公司的石油馏份。
按照该萃取方法,该有机溶剂的溶液可含其量接近100%固体的β-二酮,但一般使用约20-30%(重量)此二酮。该肟如上所述以催化用量使用。
按该方法,有机相∶水相的体积比(O∶A)变化很大,因为任何量的该二酮有机溶液与含铜的氨的水溶液接触都会导致将该铜的有用成份萃取到该有机相中。但就工业实用性而言,用于萃取的有机相∶水相之比最好在约50∶1-1∶50的范围内。通过一个物流循环而在混合器装置中保持约1∶1的有效O∶A比正是所期望的。在反萃步骤中,该有机相∶水相反萃介质之比最好在约1∶2-20∶1的范围内。虽然较高和/或较低的温度和/或压力是全然可行的,但出于实用目的,通常在常温和常压下进行这种萃取和反萃。虽然整个工序可以间歇方式进行,但用再循环至该铜的回收方法中的各工序的各种溶液或物流连续进行此方法是最有益的,所述工序包括浸提、萃取和反萃取步骤。
按照此萃取方法,该萃取剂应能溶于与水不相混溶的有机溶剂中。一般情况下,上述二酮化合物和肟化合物可以上述的程度和量被溶解。若需要或希望提高特定预期的萃取特性,可使用本领域公知的溶解度调节剂。这类调节剂包括长链(6-30碳)脂族醇或酯如正-己醇、正-2-乙基己醇、异癸醇、异十六醇、2-(1,3,3-三甲基丁基)-5,7,7-三甲基辛醇和2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇的单或二异丁酸酯,长链烷基酚如庚基酚、辛基酚、壬基酚和十二烷基酚;有机磷化合物,磷酸三低级烷基(C4~8)酯特别是磷酸三丁酯或磷酸三-(2-乙基己基)酯。需要指出的是,还可使用动力学调节剂。
在反萃步骤中,含约60-180g/l硫酸的硫酸溶液是优选的反萃剂,因为它可用常规的回收步骤以硫酸铜晶体的形式进行后续的铜的回收,或用电解冶金法回收阴极铜。还可以采用其它无机酸如盐酸或硝酸;但这类酸需要其它的回收方法或特制的处理设备。
本发明可借助下列实施例加以说明,其中所有的份额和百分比,除另行指示外,都是重量份和重量百分比。应当理解,实施例的目的完全在于说明,而不限制本发明的范围。实施例
该实施例旨在说明通过采用催化量的肟化合物改善反萃动力学,该肟化合物以与β-二酮萃取剂(1-苯基-3-庚基-1,3-丙二酮)混合的形式被使用。
下文表1中的数据是以以下方式产生的:
由1升的派热克斯玻璃烧杯构成的实验容器装有不锈钢档板和搅拌器。该搅拌器设定为1650rpm。该含氨的进料水溶液含有18g/lCu和45g/l氨。它是通过将70.7g硫酸铜五水合物和21.5g硫酸铵溶于去离子水,然后加147ml浓氢氧化铵,再用去离子水稀释至1升而制成的。该反萃水溶液含溶于去离子水中的35g/lCu和160g/l硫酸。
将等体积的有机相和水相接触30分钟。使此两相分离。弃去水相,然后用1ps滤纸(相分离滤纸)过滤经过调整的有机相。然后通过使425ml有机相与425ml含氨的进料水溶液接触使此经调整的有机相饱和。将此进料溶液置于清洁的带隔板的烧杯中,搅拌器调到1650rpm,再以5秒的时间加此有机相。搅拌5分钟后,停止搅拌器,再使此两相分离。取出该饱和的有机相试样,然后分析铜含量,结果得到E300点(以300秒萃取)。将此饱和的有机相与含水残液分离。13分钟后,将320ml该饱和有机相移入带档板的清洁烧杯中,搅拌器调至1650rpm。在该试验的饱和阶段中搅拌停止后15分钟,以持续5秒的时间将该反萃水溶液320ml加于此搅拌着的饱和有机相中。在此5秒的时期结束时,启动跑表,在29秒时,从此烧杯中取出10ml乳化液试样。将此乳化液试样排入一烧杯中。将该有机相慢慢倾出,然后用1ps滤纸过滤,结果得到30秒时的反萃有机试样,对该试样再作铜含量分析,结果得到S30点。使这一混合总共持续180秒,停止搅拌器,然后取出该有机相的试样。分析其铜含量,结果得到经180秒经过反萃取的有机相点,S180。为确定该有机相的最大负荷,有机相通过在分液漏斗中摇动2分钟,以1∶2的有机相∶水相之比与新鲜的氨水进料溶液接触4次。经1ps滤纸将此最大负荷有机相过滤然后分析其含铜量,结果得到最大负载点(ML)。下面表1中的对铜含量的分析都是用原子吸收分光法进行的。
表I
二酮 电路有电路有电路有机物B电路有机物B
机物A 机物B+ 肟A +肟BM.L. - - 29.20 - -(g/l Cu)E300 15.52 17.29 17.15 16.98 15.97(g/l Cu)S30 0.02 7.82 8.52 2.84 7.43(g/l Cu)S180 0.00 0.42 0.43 0.23 0.22(g/l Cu)Strip Kin 100 56 52 85 5430 sec.(%)
注:
1.市售的#4045100016二酮的数据代表通过用Conoco170B脂族稀释剂将115ml二酮稀释至500ml而制得的新鲜有机相的数据。
2.电路有机物A:得自用来处理含氨的氯化铜印刷电路板蚀刻液的设备。
3.电路有机物B来自提取铜的大型矿山作业。
4.肟A为十二烷基水杨醛肟。
5.肟B为5,8-二乙基-7-羟基十二烷基-6-肟。
Claims (13)
1.从含有铜的有用成份的氨水溶液中回收铜的方法,其中包括:
(A)使含铜的有用成份的富铜的氨水溶液与溶于水不相溶混的有机溶剂中的水不溶性β-二酮铜萃取剂相接触,从而将铜的有用成份从所述含氨溶液萃取到所述的有机溶液中,因而形成富铜的有机相和贫铜的水相;
(B)使所述的水相和所述有机相分离;
(C)使富铜的有机相与酸性的反萃水溶液接触,借以将铜的有用成份从该有机相反萃入所述的酸性反萃水溶液中;
(D)将现已含该铜的有用成份的所述酸性反萃水溶液与所述的有机相分离;及
(E)从所述的酸性反萃水溶液中回收此铜;
其改进之处包括向该二酮萃取剂中掺入或添加催化量的羟基芳基肟化合物。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中以相对于该二酮为约0.5-约5%摩尔的量向此二酮萃取剂中添加肟。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中所述的二酮铜萃取剂是1-苯基-3-庚基-1,3-丙二酮。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中所述的肟是十二烷基水杨醛肟或5,8-二乙基-7-羟基十二烷基-6-肟。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中肟具有下式:
其中R3是1-25个碳原子的饱和脂族基团或3-25个碳原子的烯属不饱和基团,或OR,其中R是定义如上的饱和或烯属不饱和基团,a是整数0、1、2、3、或4,而R是H或定义如上的饱和或烯属不饱和基团,条件是R1和R中的碳原子总数为3-25,或是苯基或R4取代苯基,其中R4是定义如上的饱和或烯属不饱和基团,它可与R1相同或不同。
6.权利要求5的方法,其中所述的肟是烷基杨醛肟,其中该烷基选自庚基、辛基、壬基和十二烷基。
7.权利要求5的方法,其中肟选自5-壬基-2-羟基苯乙酮肟、5-十二烷基-2-羟基苯乙酮肟、2-羟基-5-壬基二苯酮肟和2-羟基-5-十二烷基二苯酮肟。
8.适于从含铜的氨水溶液中萃取铜的有用成份的铜萃取剂组合物,其中包括二酮铜萃取剂和催化量的羟基芳基肟。
9.权利要求8的铜萃取剂组合物,其中所述的二酮是1-苯基-3-庚基-1,3-丙二酮。
10.权利要求8的铜萃取剂组合物,其中所述肟的量相对于二酮为约0.5-约5摩尔%。
11.权利要求8的铜萃取剂组合物,其中所述肟的化学式如下:其中R1是1-25个碳原子的饱和脂族基团,或3-25个碳原子的烯属不饱和基团,或OR3,其中R3是定义如上的饱和或烯属不饱和基团,a是整数0、1、2、3、或4,而R2是H或定义如上的饱和或烯属不饱和基团,条件是,R1和R2中的碳原子总数为3-25,或是苯基或R4取代苯基,其中R4是定义如上的饱和或烯属不饱和基团,它可与R1相同或不同。
12.权利要求11的铜萃取剂,其中所述的肟是烷基水杨醛肟,该烷基选自庚基、辛基、壬基及十二烷基。
13.权利要求11的铜萃取剂,其中所述的肟选自5-壬基-2-羟基苯乙酮肟、5-十二烷基-2-羟基苯乙酮肟、2-羟基-5-壬基二苯酮肟及2-羟基-5-十二烷基二苯酮肟。
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RU2571741C1 (ru) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-12-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Российский химико-технологический университет имени Д.И. Менделеева" (РХТУ им. Д.И. Менделеева) | Способ экстракции ионов меди (ii) из аммиачных растворов |
KR102247859B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-04 | 한국광물자원공사 | 하이드록시 옥심의 제조 방법 |
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US2727818A (en) * | 1951-12-01 | 1955-12-20 | Calumet & Hecla | Method of leaching copper sulfide materials with ammoniacal leach solution |
US4022866A (en) * | 1972-03-07 | 1977-05-10 | The Anaconda Company | Recovery of metals |
IE41200B1 (en) * | 1973-08-24 | 1979-11-07 | Henkel Corp | Aromatic diketones and their use in the extraction of metal values from aqueous solutions |
US4175012A (en) * | 1973-08-24 | 1979-11-20 | Henkel Corporation | β-Diketones and the use thereof as metal extractants |
US4015980A (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1977-04-05 | General Mills Chemicals, Inc. | Use of fluorinated β-diketones in the solvent extraction of zinc |
SE411231B (sv) * | 1978-05-02 | 1979-12-10 | Mx Processer Reinhardt | Forfarande for atervinning av ett ammonialkaliskt etsbad |
US4272492A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-06-09 | Jensen Wayne H | Selective extraction and recovery of copper |
SE420737B (sv) * | 1980-03-18 | 1981-10-26 | Mx Processer Reinhardt | Forfarande for extraktion av koppar ur en ammoniakalisk kopparlosning samt medel for utforande av forfarandet |
US4563256A (en) * | 1984-12-31 | 1986-01-07 | Henkel Corporation | Solvent extraction process for recovery of zinc |
-
1996
- 1996-09-03 US US08/707,285 patent/US5908605A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-05 CN CN96196825A patent/CN1196096A/zh active Pending
- 1996-09-05 WO PCT/US1996/013814 patent/WO1997009453A1/en active Application Filing
- 1996-09-05 AU AU69033/96A patent/AU710560B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-09-05 CA CA002230536A patent/CA2230536A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1299995C (zh) * | 2002-03-28 | 2007-02-14 | 莱芜钢铁集团新泰铜业有限公司 | 一种由硫化铜矿制取硫酸铜的生产工艺 |
CN101500987B (zh) * | 2006-08-11 | 2013-09-04 | 考格尼斯知识产权管理有限责任公司 | 高电导率的铜萃取剂制剂 |
CN101717955B (zh) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-05-18 | 广州有色金属研究院 | 一种从塑料镀铬层回收铜和镍的方法 |
CN109504856A (zh) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-03-22 | 重庆康普化学工业股份有限公司 | 一种抗硝化萃取剂及其制备方法 |
CN109913648A (zh) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-21 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | 2-羟基芳酮肟化合物作为萃取剂在萃取领域中的应用及复合萃取剂和萃取体系 |
CN114534926A (zh) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-27 | 重庆康普化学工业股份有限公司 | 临羟基芳酮肟作为捕收剂在泡沫浮选中浮选方法及应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US5908605A (en) | 1999-06-01 |
WO1997009453A1 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
AU6903396A (en) | 1997-03-27 |
CA2230536A1 (en) | 1997-03-13 |
AU710560B2 (en) | 1999-09-23 |
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