CN1194820C - Noozle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder - Google Patents
Noozle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN1194820C CN1194820C CN 02123645 CN02123645A CN1194820C CN 1194820 C CN1194820 C CN 1194820C CN 02123645 CN02123645 CN 02123645 CN 02123645 A CN02123645 A CN 02123645A CN 1194820 C CN1194820 C CN 1194820C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a nozzle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder, which belongs to the field of laser material processing. The nozzle is composed of an upper body, a middle body and a lower body. The nozzle adopts a two-way symmetrical powder feeding structure for ensuring the uniformity of each direction for vertically feeding powder, and adopts a two-way gas protective structure for ensuring the good inert gas protection of a smelting pool of laser smelting deposition. The nozzle is suitable for the field of the laser smelting deposition for vertically feeding the powder on the inner side and the outer side, laser, alloyage, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the structural design of inboard and outer vertical powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle, belong to the Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical field.
Background technology
Laser Processing is a kind of novel manufacturing process that utilizes high energy laser beam to process, and is advanced material processing method in the present age.Laser Processing has many obvious superiority that surpass conventional manufacturing process, its range of application is also very wide, as: Laser Surface Treatment (laser transformation hardening, laser remolten, laser alloying, laser melting coating, laser fine processing, laser surface texturing), laser weld, laser cutting, laser drill, laser labelling, Laser Micro-Machining etc.Laser melting coating is the new method that obtains high-performance coating with high energy laser beam at metal material surface, be meant in laser beam molten material local surfaces and add metallic element or alloy and both changed the surface coating method that the material surface microstructure changes its composition, coating material has metallurgical system of one's own, forms the thin layer metallurgical binding with matrix, and matrix to the dilution of coating seldom, can realize fabulous surface abrasion resistance, anti-corrosion, anti-washing away, endurance, resistance to high temperature oxidation, multiple performance such as antifriction; The heat input of laser cladding process is few, and thermal cycle is very of short duration, few to the pyrolytic damage and the thermal deformation of matrix, and cladding area composition, concentration, shape and area size can be controlled.The combination property of laser cladding layer obviously is better than conventional thermal spraying, plasma spraying, coatings such as built-up welding, thereby can be widely used in the reinforcement and the reparation of mould, the reinforcement of valve and valve class and reparation, the reinforcement of metallurgical roller and reparation, the reinforcement of blade and reparation, the reinforcement of valuable axial workpiece and reparation, the reinforcement of large-scale valuable part and reparation, repair the part of large-scale valuable foundry goods, crucial friction pair (the cylinder sleeve of motor vehicle, piston ring, cam, bent axle, tappet, valve etc.) reinforcement and reparation, the reinforcement of mining machinery key components and parts and reparation and all kinds of pump, compressor, blower parts, power plant component, paper and hardboard production equipment, fields such as textile machine equipment, can obviously increase the service life of part, improve the performance of part, economic benefit is obvious.
The Chinese patent denomination of invention be " vertical loading and unloading split type coaxial powder-feeding nozzle for laser fusion and coating " (application number: 00100041.1, publication number; CN 1255411A), a kind of nozzle arrangements is disclosed.This invention nozzle is formed multilayer concentric awl tube by inner conical-tube, middle cone tube, external conical-tube, cooling water baffle plate and the shower nozzle of inside and outside socket, comprises axis light paths, mill diagram passage, protective gas passage and cooling-water duct.Wherein powder channel is made of middle cone tube and external conical-tube, and external conical-tube top comprises four tangential populations introduces powder, settles below the tangential inlet micropore to leak sieve.Four road powder stream that enters powder channel is being dispersed in rapidly under the drive of carrying gas on the periphery of sieve ring, leak the dozens of micropore uniform on the sieve ring circumference to leak down equably from micropore again, move downward, gather the back along powder channel and form the coaxial powder coning tower tray of uniform convergence in the exit, make and the laser melting coating isotropism overcome single tube side direction powder feeding cladding respectively to a series of deficiencies such as atypias.This invention has that three layers of cone are cooled off simultaneously, flexible vertical loading and unloading, powder stream advantage such as replaceable, anti-laser reflection in end of homogenising, spot diameter flexible modulation, interior cone head part and Powder Recovery initiatively, be adapted to single track laser melting coating and laser and make fast, the occasion of assembling arrow beam of light such as laser alloying, laser transformation hardening and laser weld.
The Chinese patent denomination of invention be " adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetry powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle " (application number: 01110132.6, publication number: CN 1319459A), disclose another kind of nozzle arrangements.This invention nozzle is made up of the upper body that is coupled to each other and lower body two parts; Two groups of powder feeding seats that this lower body comprises the outer cone, intermediate rectangular body, bottom cuboid, replaceable rectangle shower nozzle of coaxial setting, be made of array broadband feeding head and cooling water cavity are formed; The intermediate rectangular body is arranged between cylindrical cone, the intermediate rectangular body, and extension links to each other with replaceable rectangle shower nozzle downwards, and these two groups of powder feeding seat symmetries are installed in the both sides of cylindrical cone bottom and replaceable rectangle shower nozzle outside.This invention has practicability, many performances, advantage easy to use, can overcome the deficiency of defocused spot multi-track overlapping, obviously improve planarization, performance uniformity and the cladding efficient of cladding layer, be specially adapted to that large tracts of land powder-feeding laser melting-painting, large tracts of land powder-feeding laser alloying, large tracts of land preset the powder laser melting coating, large tracts of land presets application fields such as powder laser alloying, large-area laser remelting, large-area laser transformation hardening.
Said nozzle can be advantageously applied to horizontal plane laser melting coating occasion, but can not be applied to the cladding occasion of vertical plane.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of various inboards and outer powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle of surveying vertical plane of being applicable to, be applicable to that various vertically feeding powder laser melting coatings and laser alloying, vertical plane preset powder laser melting coating and application fields such as laser alloying, vertical plane laser remolten and laser transformation hardening.
Noozle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder of the present invention is made up of the upper body that is coupled to each other, intermediate and lower body three parts; It is characterized in that this lower body comprises water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies, inclined-plane water-cooled mirror unit and speculum and conical hollow powder mouth composition; Wherein, said inclined-plane mirror unit is arranged on hollow cylinder bottom part body and coupled, settles speculum on it; Said conical hollow powder mouth is arranged on the hollow cylinder lower left quarter and links to each other with screw with the inclined-plane mirror unit with cylinder simultaneously.
Said water-cooled hollow cylinder main center is a great circle cylindricality through hole, as beam channel; Have 5 straight holes at the cylinder body end face, 3 in left side, 2 on right side, wherein 2 straight holes on both sides, left side are the powder feeding passage, the hole in the middle of the left Side is the protective gas passage; The bottom, 2 holes on right side links to each other, and is the chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) passage;
Said conical hollow powder mouth is opened 4 tilted prick holes from upper right to the lower-left, middle big tilted prick hole is a beam channel, the inlet of 3 little tilted prick holes of upper left quarter is corresponding with the outlet of 3 straight holes in hollow cylinder left side respectively, wherein 2 of both sides little tilted prick holes are powder channel, its outlet is convergent manner, make the powder of ejection pool a branch of powder stream, middle little tilted prick hole is the protective gas passage;
Said inclined-plane mirror unit is the inclined-plane cylinder, settles speculum on the inclined-plane, and its bevel angle guarantees can go out from the tilted prick hole broad in the middle of conical hollow powder mouth after mirror reflects from the laser beam of the hollow vertical incidence of cylinder.A vestibule is dug in mirror unit bottom, inclined-plane, is water cooling passageway.
Said upper body is made up of external thread sleeve and the movable inner thread sleeve that is placed in it; This external thread sleeve is the connector of whole nozzle and Laser Processing working head, and it is spot size and cladding road width adjustment mechanism that external thread sleeve and inner thread sleeve are formed the light beam defocusing amount.
" intermediate is the different cylinder of the identical two ends of external diameter internal diameter, and upper-end inner diameter is identical with upper body boss external diameter, and the lower end internal thread cooperates with following extracorporeal thread.Adopt four uniform button lobes to connect between upper body and the intermediate, four uniform lower ends that are fixed on the upper body external thread sleeve of button of this button lobe, four lobe correspondences are fixed on an end of intermediate, constitute the branch body structure and vertical Multi Loading and Unloading Functions of this nozzle.Said button lobe sees that the patent No. is 00100041.1 Chinese invention patent.Can there be a boss inner thread sleeve lower end, said upper body, and there is a groove upper end of intermediate, realizes accurately location by them during installation.Intermediate and following body and function are threaded.
Said water-cooled hollow cylinder main center great circle cylindricality through hole, inclined-plane speculum and conical hollow powder mouth tilted prick hole broad in the middle constitute and converge laser beam passway and axially protect the gas passage; 2 straight holes on both sides, said water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies left side and 2 little tilted prick holes on conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter both sides constitute two-way and converge the powder circulation road; 1 straight hole in the middle of the said water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies left side and 1 little tilted prick hole in the middle of the conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter constitute another road protective gas passage; The straight hole that 2 bottoms on said water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies right side communicate constitutes the main body cooling-water duct; Mirror unit bottom, said inclined-plane vestibule is the speculum cooling-water duct.
Function of the present invention and characteristics are as follows:
(1) nozzle body of the present invention is made up of water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies, the conical hollow powder mouth that is positioned at the inclined-plane water-cooled mirror unit and the speculum of cylinder bottom and is positioned at lower left quarter.Water-cooled hollow cylinder main center great circle cylindricality through hole, inclined-plane speculum and conical hollow powder mouth tilted prick hole formation broad in the middle converges laser beam passway, and is formed the bending function of incident focussed laser beam by the inclined-plane speculum; 2 straight holes on both sides, water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies left side and the little tilted prick hole of 2 correspondences on conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter both sides constitute two-way and converge the powder circulation road, and form bending and the aggregation feature that powder flows by the little tilted prick hole of conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter; Bending focussed laser beam and bending are converged powder stream and are converged at the outer spatial point of nozzle, form the vertically feeding powder laser melting coating function of this nozzle;
(2) nozzle of the present invention adopts two-way symmetry powder feeding structure especially, constitute by 2 straight holes on both sides, water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies left side and 2 little tilted prick holes of correspondence on conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter both sides, two-way symmetry powder stream converges and intersects at the focused beam focus by little tilted prick hole separately, has guaranteed the powder feeding uniformity and the cladding uniformity of vertically feeding powder laser melting coating all directions;
(3) nozzle of the present invention adopts the two-way water-cooling structure, the straight hole that is communicated by 2 bottoms on the water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies right side vestibule that constitutes main body cooling-water duct and inclined-plane mirror unit bottom constitutes the speculum cooling-water duct respectively, has guaranteed the good cooling and the long-time steady operation of each key member of nozzle body of the present invention;
(4) nozzle of the present invention adopts dual-channel protecting gas structure, constitute axial protection gas passage and constitute another road protective gas passage by water-cooled hollow cylinder main center great circle cylindricality through hole, inclined-plane speculum and conical hollow powder mouth tilted prick hole broad in the middle respectively, guaranteed the good anti-pollution and sputter gas protection of inclined-plane speculum and the good inert gas shielding in laser melting coating molten bath by 1 straight hole in the middle of the water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies left side and 1 little tilted prick hole of correspondence in the middle of the conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter;
(5) double-deck screw shell structure is adopted in nozzle of the present invention upper body, and the relative position of regulating two screw shells can be realized the step-less adjustment of laser beam defocusing amount, also promptly converges the step-less adjustment of powder place laser beam spot size and cladding road width;
(6) nozzle of the present invention adopts upper body and intermediate to divide body structure, and the upper body realizes connecting with the transition of various Laser Processing working heads with the internal thread of the movable tube of removable screw thread.As long as change its diameter and pitch, this nozzle can be realized being connected with any Laser Processing working head easily.Adopt the button lobe to connect between upper body and the intermediate, realize vertical Multi Loading and Unloading Functions and accurately locate.
(7) nozzle of the present invention adopts a powder divider will import powder stream evenly to be divided into two-way, to be connected to two powder inflow entrances in main body hollow cylinder left side under the nozzle.
The suitable application area of nozzle of the present invention is inboard and outer vertical powder-feeding laser melting-painting and laser alloying, presets powder laser melting coating and application fields such as laser alloying, laser remolten and laser transformation hardening.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a Noozle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder example structure generalized section of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A section of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the B-B section of Fig. 1.
The present invention designs a kind of split type powder-feeding nozzle of vertical loading and unloading of adjustable-width of the double-pass symmetric powder feeding at the vertical plane laser melting coating, and the embodiment accompanying drawings is as follows:
The primary structure of present embodiment as shown in Figure 1.Noozle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder of the present invention is made up of the upper body that is coupled to each other, intermediate and lower body three parts; The nozzle upper body is made up of inner thread sleeve 11 and external thread sleeve 12; Nozzle intermediate 21 is the transition connecting elements; The nozzle lower body is made up of water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31, inclined-plane water-cooled mirror unit 33 and speculum 34 and conical hollow powder mouth 36.Upper body and intermediate adopt the button lobe to connect, and form vertical Multi Loading and Unloading Functions.Inner thread sleeve 11 is the connector of whole nozzle and Laser Processing working head, and external thread sleeve 12 and inner thread sleeve 11 are formed defocusing amount and spot size governor motion.Inclined-plane mirror unit 33 is arranged on the bottom of hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 and coupled, is speculum 34 on it; Conical hollow powder mouth 36 is arranged on the lower left quarter of hollow cylinder 31 and links to each other with inclined-plane mirror unit 33 with cylinder 31 simultaneously.
Tilted prick hole broad in the middle 42 formations of center great circle cylindricality through hole 41, inclined-plane speculum 34 and the conical hollow powder mouth 36 of water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 converge the bending laser beam passway and axially protect the gas passage; 2 little tilted prick holes 44 on 2 straight holes 43 on both sides, water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 left side and conical hollow powder mouth 36 upper left quarter both sides constitute two-way and converge bending powder circulation road; 1 straight hole 48 in the middle of water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 left sides and 1 little tilted prick hole 49 in the middle of the conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter constitute another road protective gas passages; 2 bottoms on water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 right sides, 46 the straight hole 45 that communicates constitutes the main body cooling-water ducts; Mirror unit 36 bottom vestibules 47 in inclined-plane are the speculum cooling-water duct.
The function of present embodiment and characteristics;
(1) the present embodiment main body conical hollow powder mouth 36 that comprises water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31, be positioned at the inclined-plane water-cooled mirror unit 33 and the speculum 34 of cylinder bottom and be positioned at lower left quarter is formed.Water-cooled hollow cylinder main center great circle cylindricality through hole 41, inclined-plane speculum 34 and conical hollow powder mouth 36 tilted prick holes 42 formations broad in the middle converge laser beam passway, and are formed the bending function of incident focussed laser beam by inclined-plane speculum 34; The little tilted prick hole 44 of 2 straight holes 43 on both sides, water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 left side and 2 correspondences on conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter both sides constitutes two-way and converges the powder circulation road, and forms bending and the aggregation feature that powder flows by the little tilted prick hole 44 of conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter; Bending focussed laser beam and bending are converged powder stream and are converged at the outer spatial point of nozzle, form the vertically feeding powder laser melting coating function of this nozzle;
(2) present embodiment adopts two-way symmetry powder feeding structure especially, constitute by 2 straight holes 43 on both sides, water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 left side and the little tilted prick hole 44 of 2 correspondences on conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter both sides, two-way symmetry powder stream converges and intersects at the focused beam focus by little tilted prick hole 44 separately, has guaranteed the powder feeding uniformity and the cladding uniformity of vertically feeding powder laser melting coating all directions;
(3) present embodiment adopts the two-way water-cooling structure, constitute the speculum cooling-water duct by 2 bottoms on water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 right sides vestibule 47 that 46 straight hole 45 constitutes main body cooling-water duct and inclined-plane mirror unit 33 bottoms that communicates respectively, guaranteed the good cooling and the long-time steady operation of each key member of nozzle body of the present invention;
(4) present embodiment adopts dual-channel protecting gas structure, constituted axial protection gas passage and constituted another road protective gas passage by 1 straight hole 48 in the middle of water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 left sides and the little tilted prick hole 49 of 1 correspondence in the middle of the conical hollow powder mouth upper left quarter by water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies 31 center great circle cylindricality through holes 41, inclined-plane speculum 34 and conical hollow powder mouth 36 tilted prick holes 42 broad in the middle respectively, the good anti-pollution and sputter gas of having guaranteed the inclined-plane speculum is protected and the good inert gas shielding in laser melting coating molten bath;
(5) double-deck screw shell 11 and 12 structures are adopted in the present embodiment upper body, and the relative position of regulating two screw shells can be realized the step-less adjustment of laser beam defocusing amount, also promptly converges the step-less adjustment of powder place laser beam spot size and cladding road width;
(6) present embodiment adopts upper body and intermediate to divide body structure, and the upper body realizes connecting with the transition of various Laser Processing working heads with the internal thread of the movable tube 11 of removable screw thread.As long as change its diameter and pitch, this nozzle can be realized being connected with any Laser Processing working head easily.Adopt the button lobe to connect between upper body and the intermediate 21, realize vertical Multi Loading and Unloading Functions and accurately locate.
(7) nozzle of the present invention adopts a powder divider will import powder stream evenly to be divided into two-way, to be connected to two powder inflow entrances in main body hollow cylinder left side under the nozzle.
Claims (1)
1. a Noozle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder is characterized in that being made up of the upper body that interconnects, intermediate and lower body three parts, and said lower body comprises water-cooled hollow cylinder phosphor bodies, inclined-plane water-cooled mirror unit and speculum and conical hollow powder mouth composition; Wherein, said inclined-plane mirror unit is arranged on hollow cylinder bottom part body and coupled, settles speculum on it; Said conical hollow powder mouth is arranged on the hollow cylinder lower left quarter and links to each other with screw with the inclined-plane mirror unit with cylinder simultaneously;
Said water-cooled hollow cylinder main center is a great circle cylindricality through hole, as beam channel; Have 5 straight holes at the cylinder body end face, 3 in left side, 2 on right side, wherein 2 straight holes on both sides, left side are the powder feeding passage, the hole in the middle of the left Side is the protective gas passage; The bottom, 2 holes on right side links to each other, and is the chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) passage;
Said conical hollow powder mouth is opened 4 tilted prick holes from upper right to the lower-left, middle big tilted prick hole is a beam channel, the inlet of 3 little tilted prick holes of upper left quarter is corresponding with the outlet of 3 straight holes in hollow cylinder left side respectively, wherein 2 of both sides little tilted prick holes are powder channel, its outlet is convergent manner, make the powder of ejection pool a branch of powder stream, middle little tilted prick hole is the protective gas passage;
Said inclined-plane mirror unit is the inclined-plane cylinder, settles speculum on the inclined-plane, and its bevel angle guarantees can go out from the tilted prick hole broad in the middle of conical hollow powder mouth after mirror reflects from the laser beam of the hollow vertical incidence of cylinder; A vestibule is dug in mirror unit bottom, inclined-plane, is water cooling passageway;
Said upper body is made up of external thread sleeve and the movable inner thread sleeve that is placed in it; This external thread sleeve is the connector of whole nozzle and Laser Processing working head, and it is spot size and cladding road width adjustment mechanism that external thread sleeve and inner thread sleeve are formed the light beam defocusing amount;
" intermediate is the different cylinder of the identical two ends of external diameter internal diameter, and upper-end inner diameter is identical with upper body boss external diameter, and the lower end internal thread cooperates with following extracorporeal thread.Adopt four uniform button lobes to connect between upper body and the intermediate, four uniform lower ends that are fixed on the upper body external thread sleeve of button of this button lobe, four lobe correspondences are fixed on an end of intermediate, constitute the branch body structure and vertical Multi Loading and Unloading Functions of this nozzle: can there be a boss inner thread sleeve lower end, said upper body, there is a groove upper end of intermediate, realizes accurately location by them during installation; Intermediate and following body and function are threaded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02123645 CN1194820C (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2002-07-05 | Noozle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02123645 CN1194820C (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2002-07-05 | Noozle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1390649A CN1390649A (en) | 2003-01-15 |
| CN1194820C true CN1194820C (en) | 2005-03-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 02123645 Expired - Fee Related CN1194820C (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2002-07-05 | Noozle for laser smelting deposition by vertically feeding powder |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101236284B (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2010-04-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Laser vacuum chamber focusing device |
| CN103056522A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-24 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | Nozzle capable of preventing reflectional burning during laser processing |
| CN108406112B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2021-07-27 | 通快激光英国有限公司 | Laser weld |
| CN104842065B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2016-08-24 | 南京中车浦镇城轨车辆有限责任公司 | A kind of based on pressure sensing laser Machining head auxiliary focusing mechanism |
| CN106929847B (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2022-11-25 | 温州大学 | Atmosphere protection assembly and laser cladding atmosphere protection device |
| CN107245715B (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2019-08-20 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of built-in sieve mesh type loop laser melting-painting nozzle |
| CN111088492B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2023-10-27 | 山东金天牛矿山机械有限公司 | Alloy powder treatment device and method for mine part wall cladding |
| CN112122022B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2023-08-29 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Laser spraying spray gun capable of preparing ultrahigh-bonding-strength coating and working method |
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- 2002-07-05 CN CN 02123645 patent/CN1194820C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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