CN112899679A - Rotary laser cladding system and cladding method thereof - Google Patents
Rotary laser cladding system and cladding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112899679A CN112899679A CN202110294619.8A CN202110294619A CN112899679A CN 112899679 A CN112899679 A CN 112899679A CN 202110294619 A CN202110294619 A CN 202110294619A CN 112899679 A CN112899679 A CN 112899679A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a rotary laser cladding system and a cladding method thereof. The method can be used for realizing internal cladding of the surface of the workpiece in an unrotatable, asymmetric or free form manner, and can complete cladding under the condition that the part cannot rotate. The laser comprises a rotating main shaft penetrating through a first fixed outer shaft, a second fixed outer shaft and a third fixed outer shaft, wherein an L-shaped light beam path, a water feeding path and a powder path channel are arranged in the rotating main shaft; the powder path inlet is arranged on the fixed outer shaft III, the outer side wall of each powder feeding channel is provided with a hole communicated with the powder path inlet, and the outlet of each powder feeding channel is superposed with the laser focus position of the L-shaped light beam path; and a water feeding port and a water outlet of the waterway are arranged on the fixed outer shaft II.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a rotary laser cladding system and a cladding method thereof, which can be used for strengthening the inner surface of the surface of a workpiece, which is not rotatable, asymmetric or free.
Background
Laser cladding is a new surface modification technology, and the technology utilizes a laser beam with high energy density to melt a cladding material, so that the cladding material and the surface layer of a base material are fused together to form a metallurgical bonding cladding layer, thereby improving the service behaviors of the base material such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, lubrication, oxidation resistance and the like.
At present, the laser cladding technology is widely applied to the field of strengthening the outer surfaces of steel rolling rollers and hydraulic cylinders (such as patents CN 108950545B, CN 111719148A and the like). Meanwhile, with the expansion of laser cladding application, numerous enterprises begin to explore inner surface laser cladding technology and obtain application on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder. The inner hole laser cladding heads shown in patents CN111593340A, CN 106702380B, CN 110616426A and CN 209636323U can be used for cladding and strengthening the inner surface of a workpiece such as a simple revolving body. However, the fixed cladding head adopted for inner bore laser cladding cannot meet the requirement of inner cladding of an asymmetric or free-form surface represented by an engine cylinder sleeve, and the application range of laser cladding is greatly limited.
At present, aiming at the strengthening treatment of the inner surface of the surface which is not rotatable, asymmetric or free form, a plurality of enterprises and research institutions represented by the Eurocosmetaceae rely on the thermal spraying technology to develop a plurality of rotary thermal spraying spray guns, and realize the internal coating of the surface which is asymmetric or free form (such as patents CN 105121670B, CN110643924A, CN 110965006A and the like). However, the preparation process of the thermal spraying coating is a powder partial melting process, so that the defects of air holes, cracks and the like cannot be avoided, and the coating is more mechanically occluded with a matrix, so that the surface strengthening of the thermal spraying coating on parts operating under working conditions such as impact, high load and the like is limited. Therefore, if the laser cladding strengthening treatment of the inner surface of the special-shaped part can be realized, the service performance of the related parts can be obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a rotary laser cladding apparatus, which can be used for internal cladding of a non-rotatable, asymmetric or free-form surface of a workpiece, and can complete cladding when a part cannot rotate.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a rotary laser cladding system comprises a rotary main shaft, and a first fixed outer shaft, a second fixed outer shaft and a third fixed outer shaft which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the rotary main shaft vertically penetrates through the first fixed outer shaft, the second fixed outer shaft and the third fixed outer shaft, the rotary main shaft is of a hollow structure with an open upper part, an outlet is formed in the circumferential wall of the lower part, an L-shaped light beam path is arranged at the axis position of the rotary main shaft, a light beam inlet of the L-shaped light beam path is connected with a laser, the outlet of the L-shaped light beam path extends out of the outlet of the rotary main shaft, a copper reflector is arranged at the bent part of the L-shaped light beam path, a collimating lens is arranged at the upper part of the L-shaped light beam path, and a;
powder path inlets are uniformly distributed on the fixed outer shaft III, a circle of cylindrical powder feeding channels are arranged around the middle part of the L-shaped light beam path, a hole communicated with the powder path inlet is formed in the outer side wall of each powder feeding channel, and the outlet of each powder feeding channel is overlapped with the laser focus position of the L-shaped light beam path;
and a water feeding path is also arranged in the rotating main shaft, and a water feeding port and a water outlet of the water path are arranged on the fixed outer shaft II.
Furthermore, fixed outer epaxial is provided with optic fibre through QBH fiber connector on, and optic fibre connects the laser instrument.
Furthermore, the first fixed outer shaft is connected with the rotating main shaft through a tapered roller bearing.
Further, the rotating main shaft is connected with a motor to realize rotation.
Further, the water feeding path is arranged between the powder feeding channel and the outer wall of the rotating main shaft.
Further, a sealing element is arranged between the rotating main shaft and the fixed outer shaft II.
Furthermore, an anti-skid gasket is arranged between the rotating main shaft and the fixed outer shaft II.
Furthermore, a protective lens is arranged at the short edge outlet of the L-shaped light beam path.
A cladding method of a rotary laser cladding system comprises the following steps:
1) starting a water cooler, and sending cooling water to a laser and powder outlet, namely circulating water;
2) putting the rotating main shaft into a workpiece, and aligning a processing surface to be processed of the workpiece to a laser focus position;
3) starting the motor, and driving the rotating main shaft to rotate after the motor runs stably;
4) starting a powder feeder, and feeding powder to the focal position of laser through a powder feeding path;
5) starting a laser, guiding a high-energy laser beam into a beam path through an optical fiber and a QBH (quantum well) optical fiber connector, and transmitting the high-energy laser beam to a set focal position through a collimating lens, a focusing lens, a copper reflector and a protective lens in sequence to realize the fusion of powder on the surface of a processed workpiece;
6) and moving the rotary laser cladding system up and down to finish the strengthening treatment of the inner surface of the workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention can lead the rotating laser cladding equipment to rotate continuously for 360 degrees and ensure the stable transmission of powder and high-energy laser beams;
2. according to the invention, cladding strengthening of the material can be realized by replacing powder, adjusting the rotating speed and the like, so that the service behaviors of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, lubrication, oxidation resistance and the like of the matrix material are improved;
description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high-energy laser beam path;
reference numerals: 1-fixed outer shaft I, 2-tapered roller bearing, 3-rotating spindle, 4-L type light beam path, 5-fixed outer shaft III, 6-water outlet, 7-sealing element, 8-copper reflector, 9-focusing lens, 10 collimating lens, 11-QBH optical fiber connecting element, 12-optical fiber, 13-laser, 14-powder feeder, 15-laser focus position, 16-motor, 17-processing workpiece, 18-powder path inlet, 19-powder feeding channel, 20-protective lens, 21-fixed outer shaft II, 22-outlet, 23-anti-skid gasket, 24-water feeding path, 25-water cooler and 26-water feeding opening.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The laser cladding is to heat and clad powder and the surface of a matrix by using a high-energy laser beam, so that the powder and the surface of the matrix are fused together to form a metallurgically bonded cladding layer, and the service behaviors of the matrix material, such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, lubrication, oxidation resistance and the like, are improved. Wherein, the rotary laser cladding is equipment for cladding the inner part of the surface of a workpiece which is not rotatable, asymmetric or free form.
The invention provides a rotary laser cladding system, which comprises a rotary main shaft 3, and a first fixed outer shaft 1, a second fixed outer shaft 21 and a third fixed outer shaft 5 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom as shown in figures 1-3;
the rotating main shaft 3 vertically penetrates through the first fixed outer shaft 1, the second fixed outer shaft and the third fixed outer shaft 5, the first fixed outer shaft 1 is connected with the rotating main shaft 3 through the tapered roller bearing 2, a sealing element 7 is arranged between the rotating main shaft 3 and the second fixed outer shaft 5, an anti-skid gasket 23 is arranged between the rotating main shaft 3 and the second fixed outer shaft 21, the rotating main shaft 3 is connected with the motor 16 to realize 360-degree rotation of the rotating main shaft, and in the rotating process, stable rotation of the rotating laser cladding equipment is realized through the first fixed outer shaft 1 and the third fixed outer shaft 5;
the rotary spindle 3 is a hollow structure with an open upper portion, an outlet 22 is formed in the circumferential wall of the lower portion, an L-shaped light beam path 4 is arranged in the center of the hollow structure, a light beam inlet of the L-shaped light beam path 4 is connected with a laser 13, an optical fiber 12 is arranged on a fixed outer shaft I1 through a QBH optical fiber connecting piece 11 and connected with the laser 13, the outlet 22 of the L-shaped light beam path 4 extends out of the rotary spindle 3, a copper reflecting mirror 8 is arranged at a bending position of the L-shaped light beam path 4, a collimating lens 10 is arranged on the upper portion of the L-shaped light beam path 4, a focusing lens 9 is arranged in the middle of the L-shaped light beam path, a protective lens 20 is arranged at the short edge outlet of the L-shaped light beam path 4 to protect the focusing lens from being damaged due to splashing.
According to the invention, the high-energy laser beam is arranged at the axis position of the rotating spindle in the rotating laser cladding process, and in order to ensure the stable transmission of the high-energy laser beam, the rotating spindle 3 is fixed by arranging the fixed outer shaft I1, so that the transmission of the high-energy laser beam can be realized without synchronous rotation of the laser in the 360-degree continuous rotating process of the rotating cladding system; through being fixed in fixed outer axle 1 with optic fibre 12 through QBH fiber connector 11, arrange collimating lens 10, focusing lens 9, copper speculum 8 and protective glass 20 at the inside of rotating spindle 3 simultaneously, realize the stable transmission of high energy laser beam, ensure that the high energy laser beam can set the angle focus in waiting to weld the covering region.
4 powder path inlets 18 are uniformly distributed on the fixed outer shaft III 5, a circle of columnar powder feeding channels 19 are arranged around the middle part of the L-shaped light beam path 4, the columnar powder feeding channels can realize concentrated powder feeding, the utilization rate of powder is maximized, holes communicated with the powder path inlets 18 are formed in the outer side wall of each powder feeding channel 19, and the outlets of the powder feeding channels 19 are overlapped with the laser focus positions 15 of the L-shaped light beam path 4; in the rotary laser cladding process, external powder needs to be continuously conveyed to a laser focus position 15 through a rotary main shaft. In order to ensure continuous delivery of powder, the rotary laser cladding equipment adopts the technical scheme that a fixed outer shaft III 5 is arranged on a rotary main shaft 3, a powder feeding channel 19 on the rotary main shaft 3 is communicated with a fixed powder path inlet 18 on the fixed outer shaft III 5, and a hole communicated with the powder path inlet is processed on the powder feeding channel 19 of the rotary main shaft, so that the powder is delivered to a laser focus position under the action of carrier gas. In order to ensure that the powder is not leaked during the rotation process of the main shaft, a sealing element 7 is adopted between the rotating main shaft 3 and the fixed outer shaft III 5 for dynamic sealing, so that the conversion from a fixed powder feeding device to a rotary cladding powder feeding device is realized, and the stable transmission of the powder and a high-energy laser beam is ensured.
The rotating main shaft 3 is also provided with a water feeding path 24, the water feeding path 24 is arranged between the powder feeding channel 19 and the outer wall of the rotating main shaft 3, and a water feeding port 26 and a water outlet 6 of the water path are arranged on the fixed outer shaft II 21.
In the rotary laser cladding process, a powder cladding mode is selected, and powder is conveyed to the focal position of a high-energy laser beam spot in a ring shape.
The invention adopts a synchronous belt pulley transmission mode to realize 360-degree continuous rotation of the main shaft. The rotating main shaft is driven to rotate by a driven synchronous wheel, the driven synchronous wheel is connected with a driving synchronous wheel in a belt mode, and is randomly connected with a driving motor through a speed reducer, and finally continuous rotation of the main shaft is achieved.
The rotary laser cladding equipment can realize 360-degree continuous rotation and is used for cladding the inner part of the surface of a workpiece, which is not rotatable, asymmetric or free.
The rotary laser cladding equipment and the application thereof can realize cladding strengthening of materials by replacing powder, adjusting the rotating speed and the like, thereby improving the service behaviors of the matrix material such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, lubrication, oxidation resistance and the like.
The cladding method of the rotary laser cladding system comprises the following steps:
1) starting a water cooler 24, and sending cooling water to a laser and powder outlet 22, namely circulating water;
2) putting the rotary main shaft 3 into a workpiece 17, and aligning a processing surface to be processed of the workpiece 17 to a laser focus position 15;
3) starting the motor 16, and driving the rotating main shaft 3 to rotate after the motor runs stably;
4) starting a powder feeder 14, and feeding powder to a focal position 15 of laser through a powder feeding path 6;
5) starting a laser 13, guiding a high-energy laser beam into a beam path 4 through an optical fiber 12 and a QBH (quantum well) optical fiber connector 11, transmitting the high-energy laser beam to a set focal position 15 through a collimating lens 10, a focusing lens 9, a copper reflector 8 and a protective lens 20 in sequence, and melting powder on the surface of a processed workpiece 17;
6) and moving the rotary laser cladding system up and down to finish the strengthening treatment of the inner surface of the workpiece.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art should make modifications and variations without departing from the principle of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A rotary laser cladding system is characterized in that: comprises a rotating main shaft (3), and a first fixed outer shaft (1), a second fixed outer shaft (21) and a third fixed outer shaft (5) which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence;
the rotary main shaft (3) vertically penetrates through the first fixed outer shaft (1), the second fixed outer shaft and the third fixed outer shaft (5), the rotary main shaft (3) is of a hollow structure with an open upper part, an outlet (22) is formed in the circumferential wall of the lower part, an L-shaped light beam path (4) is arranged at the axis position of the rotary main shaft (3), a light beam inlet of the L-shaped light beam path (4) is connected with the laser (13), the outlet of the L-shaped light beam path (4) extends out of the outlet (22) of the rotary main shaft (3), a copper reflector (8) is arranged at the bending part of the L-shaped light beam path (4), a collimating lens (10) is arranged at the upper part of the L-shaped light beam path (4), and a focusing lens;
powder path inlets (18) are uniformly distributed on the fixed outer shaft III (5), a circle of cylindrical powder feeding channels (19) are arranged around the middle part of the L-shaped light beam path (4), a hole communicated with the powder path inlets (18) is formed in the outer side wall of each powder feeding channel (19), and the outlets of the powder feeding channels (19) are overlapped with the laser focus positions (15) of the L-shaped light beam path (4);
a water delivery path (24) is also arranged in the rotating main shaft (3), and a water delivery port (26) and a water outlet (6) of the water path are arranged on the fixed outer shaft II (21).
2. The rotary laser cladding system of claim 1, wherein: fixed outer axle one (1) on be provided with optic fibre (12) through QBH fiber connector (11), optic fibre connection laser instrument (13).
3. A rotary laser cladding system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the fixed outer shaft I (1) is connected with the rotating main shaft (3) through a tapered roller bearing (2).
4. The rotary laser cladding system of claim 3, wherein: the rotating main shaft (3) is connected with a motor (16) to realize rotation.
5. The rotary laser cladding system of claim 4, wherein: the water feeding path (24) is arranged between the powder feeding channel (19) and the outer wall of the rotating main shaft (3).
6. The rotary laser cladding system of claim 5, wherein: and a sealing element (7) is arranged between the rotating main shaft (3) and the fixed outer shaft II (5).
7. The rotary laser cladding system of claim 6, wherein: and an anti-skid gasket (23) is arranged between the rotating main shaft (3) and the fixed outer shaft II (21).
8. The rotary laser cladding system of claim 7, wherein: and a protective lens (20) is arranged at the short-edge outlet of the L-shaped light beam path (4).
9. The cladding method of the rotary laser cladding system according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
1) starting a water cooler (25), and sending cooling water to a laser and powder outlet (22), namely circulating water;
2) putting the rotating main shaft (3) into a workpiece (17), and aligning a processing surface to be processed of the workpiece (17) to a laser focus position (15);
3) starting the motor (16), and driving the rotating main shaft (3) to rotate after the motor runs stably;
4) starting a powder feeder (14) to feed powder to a focal position (15) of the laser through a powder feeding path (6);
5) starting a laser (13), introducing a high-energy laser beam into a beam path (4) through an optical fiber (12) and a QBH (QBH) optical fiber connector (11), transmitting the high-energy laser beam to a set focal position (15) through a collimating lens (10), a focusing lens (9), a copper reflector (8) and a protective lens (20) in sequence, and melting powder on the surface of a machined workpiece (17) is realized;
6) and moving the rotary laser cladding system up and down to finish the strengthening treatment of the inner surface of the workpiece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110294619.8A CN112899679A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Rotary laser cladding system and cladding method thereof |
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| CN202110294619.8A CN112899679A (en) | 2021-03-19 | 2021-03-19 | Rotary laser cladding system and cladding method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113510249A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-10-19 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-runner high-speed rotary sealing device capable of conveying hard powder |
| CN113529069A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-10-22 | 西安交通大学 | Angle-carrying rotatable inner hole laser cladding end device suitable for different apertures |
-
2021
- 2021-03-19 CN CN202110294619.8A patent/CN112899679A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113510249A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-10-19 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-runner high-speed rotary sealing device capable of conveying hard powder |
| CN113529069A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-10-22 | 西安交通大学 | Angle-carrying rotatable inner hole laser cladding end device suitable for different apertures |
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