CN2869036Y - Laser-made coaxial powder-feeding head - Google Patents
Laser-made coaxial powder-feeding head Download PDFInfo
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- CN2869036Y CN2869036Y CN 200520128123 CN200520128123U CN2869036Y CN 2869036 Y CN2869036 Y CN 2869036Y CN 200520128123 CN200520128123 CN 200520128123 CN 200520128123 U CN200520128123 U CN 200520128123U CN 2869036 Y CN2869036 Y CN 2869036Y
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- feeding head
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- powder feeding
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 84
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 241001232809 Chorista Species 0.000 description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the laser material processing technique field. The prior art has a universal defect of poor concourse performance. The laser manufacturing coaxial powder feeding head of the utility model comprises a powder feeding head main body (1), wherein the inclined plane of the powder feeding head main body (1) is evenly provided with at least two perforated and inclined installation holes, which is characterized in that: the two inclined installation holes are provided with a coaxial convergence gas double-layer powder feeding pipes; inside the powder feeding head main body (1) is fixed with a convergence gas channel, and the outer wall of the powder feeding head main body is fixed with a convergence gas inlet which is connected with the convergence gas channel. The gas first enters the convergence gas inlet, yet again moves to the convergence channel, and finally moves to the gas channel of the double-layer powder feeding pipe through the pinhole (13) at the side wall of the convergence gas guide pipe (6); and the convergence gas channel is connected with the inclined installation hole of the double-layer powder feeding pipe. The utility model has stable powder feeding capacity, good convergence performance, and high powder utilization ratio, and capable of long-distance work and can provide the protective atmosphere for laser manufacturing.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of laser and makes coaxial powder feeding head, belongs to the Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical field.
Background technology
The laser technology development is very fast, and the range of application of laser is wide day by day.Laser processing is to utilize the characteristic of laser beam and matter interaction that material (comprising metal and nonmetal) is cut, welding, surface treatment, punching, makes and micro-machined a kind of working method fast, relates to multi-door subjects such as light, mechanical, electrical, material and detection.
The basic functional principle of Rapid Manufacturing Technology is discrete/accumulation.At present, main selective laser sintered technology of Rapid Manufacturing Technology and laser melting coating Rapid Prototyping technique.
The principle of work of Selective Laser Sintering is as follows: the CAD solid model that generates part at first on computers by CAD software, and this solid model discretize is generated stl file, utilize section software to read stl file then, part is cut into a series of thin layers, and generate the track while scan of each layer, on the pistons work platform, successively spread metal-powder at last, metal-powder is scanned sintering, form the metal parts of desired shape with corresponding every layer of track while scan control laser beam.The metal parts that obtains by selective laser sintering is actually density and all very low porous metal parts of intensity.
Laser melting coating Rapid Prototyping technique ultimate principle is the same with the laser sintering (SLS) technology, just by the metal-powder of cladding by powder conveyer with gas or gravity transfer, adopt high power laser light fusing synchronously by the powder feeding end, on substrate, successively pile up the very fine and close metal parts of formation.The intensity of part meets or exceeds the part of routine casting or forging method production, thereby has a good application prospect.
At present, the powder-feeding head of using in laser melting coating and laser melting coating such as are shaped fast at the laser manufacturing mainly contains paraxonic powder-feeding head and coaxial powder feeding head.
Can not occur owing to the outlet apart from each other of the outlet of simplicity of design and powder and light because of powder reason such as fusing blocks light mouth too early, the paraxonic powder-feeding head that is offset to laser one side was widely used in the starting stage of laser melting coating Rapid Prototyping technique.But the paraxonic powder-feeding head only is applicable to the occasion of linear orbiting motion, be not suitable for the motion of complicated track, in addition, laser fast forming requires the size and the performance of cladding layer to be consistent along all directions, so the paraxonic powder-feeding head can't satisfy service requirements in laser fast forming.
The laser melting coating Rapid Prototyping technique is similar to laser melting coating in three-dimensional stack.Laser melting coating, laser surface alloying are the laser surface treating technologies that occurs early, have produced the coaxial powder feeding head that is used for these technologies accordingly.This coaxial powder feeding head, essential structure are divided into two chambeies, and inner chamber is equipped with condensing lens; laser beam is focused on, and is laser beam passway, is connected with rare gas element simultaneously in this chamber; prevent that the flue dust of processing generation from entering laser beam passway with splashing, and plays a protective role to laser condensing lens.The lower end of exocoel is the circular cone annular powder channel that is formed by two conical surfaces, and powder enters the top of exocoel by gas delivery, and the rosette of a circle aperture is equipped with on top, makes powder enter powder channel equably.Outside at exocoel is added with watercooling jacket.But the powder channel of this coaxial powder feeding head is the annular powder channel that is formed by inside and outside two conical surfaces, and powder is blown into this cavity by gas, and cavity is bigger, causes powder also to disperse easily at the skewness while of circumferential direction powder easily.
In order to make powder stable and send into exactly and go in the molten bath that laser forms, further research has been done to coaxial powder feeding head by some R﹠D institutions, and the stability of flow of powder and accuracy are improved.This powder-feeding head is by inwardly projecting orifice, intermediate noxzzle, and external nozzles and watercooling jacket constitute.Inwardly projecting orifice is equipped with condensing lens, and laser beam is focused on, and the position of focus is greatly near the convergent point of powder.Inwardly projecting orifice is connected with shielding gas, and the melted powder of splashing when it can prevent laser melting coating and other obnoxious flavour protect cladding coating not oxidized to the infringement of laser focusing lens simultaneously.Intermediate noxzzle and external nozzles form the circular channel of taper, and powder enters the circular channel by four pipes by gas delivery, and this four bundles flow of powder meets on the circular channel and pools the taper flow of powder, and its center is coaxial with laser beam.Overheated in order to prevent, powder-feeding head has adopted circulating water cooling system.This powder-feeding head can provide more stable and the successive flow of powder, and accuracy has also obtained bigger improvement.But the coaxial output of the laser beam of this powder-feeding head and powder, powder in the no show molten bath time just by laser beam heats, can occur that powder melts in advance and the phenomenon of stopping up powder channel, the working point of this powder-feeding head is nearer from nozzle end in addition, the powder that splashes is bonded in nozzle end easily, and the adherent residue will change the flow direction of powder.These phenomenons are unfavorable for that all coaxial powder feeding head works for a long time.
In order to make coaxial powder feeding head satisfy work for a long time, some R﹠D institutions have developed a kind of coaxial powder feeding head, as shown in Figure 1, comprise powder-feeding head main body 1 and duff pipe 5.This powder-feeding head adopts multichannel powder feeding passage, and promptly at the circumferential direction that with the laser beam the is central shaft independently duff pipe that distributes symmetrically more than two, the multichannel powder beam of sending from duff pipe intersects on the central shaft a bit.This powder-feeding head can provide stable and successive powder stream, and the intersection location of powder is far away from the distance of the latter end of powder channel simultaneously, the phenomenon of powder channel can not occur stopping up.But the powder beam that this powder-feeding head comes out from the tubulose powder channel is not owing to there be restraining of gas, and the angle of divergence of powder beam is bigger, and the utilization ratio of powder is lower.
Prior art exists onely has a coaxial double-deck powder conveying pipe that converges gas, can make powder have the property of converging after powder conveying pipe output.This powder conveying pipe is mainly used in the paraxonic powder feeding.This powder conveying pipe mainly comprises powder gas chorista 4 and co-axial duff pipe 5 and converges gas guide pipe 6.Powder gas chorista 4 is connected in a usual manner and converges on the gas guide pipe 6, and the lower end of powder gas chorista 4 and duff pipe 5 is communicated with, and at the sidewall of powder gas chorista 4 gas release valve 3 is installed.Be processed with the air sifter that gas is converged in rectification in the inwall lower section of converging gas guide pipe 6, duff pipe 5 is fixed on the air sifter in a usual manner, and duff pipe 5 is a powder channel.Duff pipe 5 is a gas passage with the gap of converging gas guide pipe 6.Converge gas and enter,, around flow of powder, form a ring-type gas curtain, make powder keep the form of outlet by gas passage from aperture 13.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is the deficiency at existing powder-feeding head; design a kind of laser and make coaxial powder feeding head; making it not only have powder feeding stablizes; it is good to converge performance; the powder using efficiency height; can provide than telecommute with for the laser manufacturing outside the advantage such as protective atmosphere, but also be applicable to that all multi-lasers are used for laser melting coating and are shaped fast, laser melting coating and laser are filled out the occasion that multiple laser such as powder welding is made.
The utility model addresses these problems the technical scheme that adopted as shown in Figure 1, be that the circumferential direction of central shaft distributes more than two independently on the basis of the coaxial powder feeding head of duff pipe equably with the laser beam, design a kind of coaxial powder feeding head that laser is made that is applied to, its structure as shown in Figure 2.
The utility model provides a kind of laser to make coaxial powder feeding head, comprise powder-feeding head main body 1, on the scarp of powder-feeding head main body 1, be evenly distributed with the installation inclined hole of at least two perforations, it is characterized in that: in above-mentioned installation inclined hole, establish the coaxial double-deck powder conveying pipe that converges gas; Be provided with in the inside of powder-feeding head main body 1 and converge the gas passage, be provided with at outer side wall and converge the gas import, the inside of converging gas head main body 1 is provided with converges the gas passage, be provided with at outer side wall and converge the gas import, converge the gas import and converge the gas passage and connect, gas enters from converging the gas import, enters and converges the gas passage, enters the gas passage of double-deck powder conveying pipe from converging the aperture 13 that gas guide pipe 6 sidewalls establish then; The installation inclined hole that converges gas passage and double-deck powder conveying pipe runs through mutually.
Described powder-feeding head main body 1 inside is distributed with waterway 10 and water coolant access way, and the inner chamber of powder-feeding head main body 1 and seal cartridge 7 surround waterway 10, and water coolant access way and waterway 10 connect.Water coolant enters into waterway 10 from water coolant stand in channel 9, goes out passage 11 from water coolant again and flows out.The powder-feeding head main body is connected on the laser processing working head in a usual manner.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are to converge gas owing to the skin at flow of powder has led to, converge gas and form a ring-type gas curtain in the periphery of flow of powder, flow of powder has been carried out restraining and shaping, just can make flow of powder keep the virgin state of outlet and the deflection of longer distance, therefore can obtain stability and the good powder stream of converging property, improve the utilization ratio of powder.This laser is made coaxial powder feeding head and has been overcome the directivity that the paraxonic powder-feeding head brings, and provides protective atmosphere for laser processing procedure simultaneously.
Description of drawings
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of prior art coaxial powder feeding head.
Fig. 2 makes the structural representation of coaxial powder feeding head for laser.
Fig. 3 converges gas passage and cooling-water duct distribution schematic diagram for the powder-feeding head main body.
Among Fig. 1,1. powder-feeding head main body, 5. duff pipe.
Among Fig. 2,1. powder-feeding head main body, 2. top cover, 3. gas release valve, 4. powder gas chorista, 5. duff pipe 6. converges the gas guide pipe, and 7. seal cartridge 8. converges gas I passage, 9. the water coolant stand in channel, 10. waterway, 11. water coolants go out passage, and 12. converge gas II passage, 13. apertures.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of powder-feeding head main body in the A-A position, and among Fig. 3,14. converge gas I import, and 15. converge gas II import.
Embodiment
The structure of present embodiment as shown in Figure 2.Laser is made coaxial powder feeding head and is comprised that powder-feeding head main body 1 and four independently have the coaxial double-deck powder conveying pipe that converges gas.Powder-feeding head main body 1 and close laser beam passway.Be distributed with water coolant stand in channel 9 and water coolant goes out passage 11 and converges gas I passage 8 and converge gas II passage 12 in the inside of powder-feeding head main body 1.Water coolant enters waterway 10 from water coolant stand in channel 9, goes out passage 11 from water coolant then and goes out.Be provided with at the outer side wall of powder-feeding head main body 1 and converge the gas import, converge the gas import and converge the gas passage and connect, each installation inclined hole that converges gas passage and one group of double-deck powder conveying pipe runs through mutually, be provided with an aperture 13 at the sidewall that converges gas guide pipe 6, during installation the position of aperture 13 with converge the gas passage and the position that inclined hole runs through mutually be installed corresponding, converge gas and enter duff pipe 5 from this hole and converge the gas passage that the gap of gas guide pipe 6 forms.
Having the coaxial double-deck powder conveying pipe that converges gas mainly comprises top cover 2, gas release valve 3, powder gas chorista 4, duff pipe 5, converges gas guide pipe 6.Powder gas chorista 4 is connected with conventionally form and converges on the gas guide pipe 6, at the sidewall of powder gas chorista 4 gas release valve 3 is installed, and the lower end of powder gas chorista 4 and duff pipe 5 are communicated with.Be processed with in the inwall lower section of converging gas guide pipe 6 and converge the gas air sifter, duff pipe 5 is fixed on the air sifter in the transition fit mode.
Four road powder gas mixtures enter from top cover 2 during work, and carrier gas separates in the inside of powder gas chorista 4 is discharged into the atmosphere by gas release valve 3, and the effect of gas release valve 3 is to regulate the pressure in the powder gas chorista 4 and the speed of regulating powder stream.Converging gas enters from converging gas I import 14 and converging gas II import 15, enter the gap of converging gas guide pipe 6 and duff pipe 5 through converging gas I passage 8 and converging gas II passage 12 respectively, through the rectification and the even output of the air sifter that converging the processing of gas guide pipe 6 inwall lower ends, at the peripheral ring-type gas curtain that forms of powder stream, regulate powder mass flow and the proportioning that converges airshed, just can make powder stream keep the deflection of outlet virgin state and longer distance.Four bundle flow of powders pool a branch of flow of powder on laser beam axis.Converge gas and also on laser beam axis, meet, in the bigger scope in laser processing working point, form protective atmosphere on every side.
Claims (2)
1. a laser is made coaxial powder feeding head, comprises powder-feeding head main body (1), is evenly distributed with the installation inclined hole of at least two perforations on the scarp of powder-feeding head main body (1), it is characterized in that: establish the coaxial double-deck powder conveying pipe that converges gas in above-mentioned installation inclined hole; Be provided with in the inside of powder-feeding head main body (1) and converge the gas passage, be provided with at outer side wall and converge the gas import, converge the gas import and converge the gas passage and connect, gas enters from converging the gas import, enter again and converge the gas passage, enter the gas passage of double-deck powder conveying pipe from converging the aperture (13) that gas guide pipe (6) sidewall establishes then; The installation inclined hole that converges gas passage and double-deck powder conveying pipe runs through mutually.
2. a kind of laser as claimed in claim 1 is made coaxial powder feeding head, it is characterized in that: described powder-feeding head main body (1) inside is distributed with waterway (10) and water coolant access way, the inner chamber of powder-feeding head main body (1) and seal cartridge (7) surround waterway (10), and water coolant access way and waterway (10) connect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520128123 CN2869036Y (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2005-10-28 | Laser-made coaxial powder-feeding head |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200520128123 CN2869036Y (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2005-10-28 | Laser-made coaxial powder-feeding head |
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| CN2869036Y true CN2869036Y (en) | 2007-02-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 200520128123 Expired - Fee Related CN2869036Y (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2005-10-28 | Laser-made coaxial powder-feeding head |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101264519B (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2010-06-16 | 西安交通大学 | Adjustable laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle |
| CN105755464A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-07-13 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | Double-layer-gradient laser material increase manufacturing method |
| CN106862756A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-06-20 | 东北大学 | Multi-angle can preheat reversal-flame type laser melting coating head |
| CN106868503A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-20 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser coaxial powder tube type powder feeding nozzle capable of adjusting powder convergence |
| CN110280763A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-27 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Coaxial powder-feeding laser sintering device |
| CN110938818A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | Paraxial powder feeding device |
| CN110952089A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-03 | 西安交通大学 | Slit type powder feeding head |
| DE102020103175A1 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2021-08-12 | Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh | Material separation unit for powder deposition welding |
| CN115591713A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-01-13 | 北京工业大学（Cn） | All-dimensional forming gradient functional material coaxial powder feeding nozzle |
-
2005
- 2005-10-28 CN CN 200520128123 patent/CN2869036Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101264519B (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2010-06-16 | 西安交通大学 | Adjustable laser coaxial powder feeding nozzle |
| CN105755464A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-07-13 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | Double-layer-gradient laser material increase manufacturing method |
| CN106868503A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-06-20 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser coaxial powder tube type powder feeding nozzle capable of adjusting powder convergence |
| CN106862756A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-06-20 | 东北大学 | Multi-angle can preheat reversal-flame type laser melting coating head |
| CN106862756B (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-09-14 | 东北大学 | Multi-angle can preheat reversal-flame type laser melting coating head |
| CN110280763A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-09-27 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Coaxial powder-feeding laser sintering device |
| CN110938818A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | Paraxial powder feeding device |
| CN110952089A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-03 | 西安交通大学 | Slit type powder feeding head |
| CN110952089B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2024-05-28 | 西安交通大学 | Slit type powder feeding head |
| CN110938818B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2024-06-07 | 西安交通大学 | Paraxial powder feeding device |
| DE102020103175A1 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2021-08-12 | Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh | Material separation unit for powder deposition welding |
| CN115591713A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-01-13 | 北京工业大学（Cn） | All-dimensional forming gradient functional material coaxial powder feeding nozzle |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |