CN112899680A - Powder feeding nozzle and laser cladding and additive manufacturing machining head - Google Patents
Powder feeding nozzle and laser cladding and additive manufacturing machining head Download PDFInfo
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- CN112899680A CN112899680A CN202110356172.2A CN202110356172A CN112899680A CN 112899680 A CN112899680 A CN 112899680A CN 202110356172 A CN202110356172 A CN 202110356172A CN 112899680 A CN112899680 A CN 112899680A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding and additive manufacturing equipment, and provides a powder feeding nozzle and a laser cladding and additive manufacturing processing head, wherein the powder feeding nozzle comprises an inner nozzle, an outer nozzle and a powder feeding pipeline, the inner nozzle comprises a conical part, the outer nozzle is sleeved outside the conical part, the outer wall of the conical part and/or the inner wall of the outer nozzle is/are provided with a plurality of powder feeding channel structures which are annularly arranged at intervals, the bottom end of each powder feeding channel structure extends to the bottom end of the conical part, and the powder feeding pipeline penetrates through the side wall of the outer nozzle and is communicated with each powder feeding channel structure; according to the powder feeding device, the powder feeding channel structures extend downwards to the bottom end of the conical part, powder flowing in each powder feeding channel is simultaneously and respectively sent out from the bottom end of the powder feeding nozzle and finally converged to form a powder jet focus, so that the powder in each powder feeding channel structure is distributed more uniformly, the guidance performance is greatly improved, the stability and the focusing performance of the powder sprayed by the powder feeding nozzle are improved, and the problem of powder falling is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding and additive manufacturing equipment, in particular to a powder feeding nozzle and a laser cladding and additive manufacturing processing head.
Background
Laser Cladding (Laser Cladding), also known as Laser Cladding or Laser Cladding, is a new surface modification technique. The method is characterized in that a cladding material is added on the surface of a base material in a synchronous or material presetting mode, and the cladding material and a thin layer on the surface of the base material are fused together by utilizing a laser beam with high energy density, so that a metallurgically bonded cladding layer is formed on the surface of a base layer. Powder feeding nozzle is the key core component that decides powder mobility, convergence and vibration material disk process stability at the laser cladding in-process, powder feeding nozzle in the market mainly adopts at the inside direct annular powder that forms of shower nozzle and directly spout with annular powder form again, but this kind of powder feeding nozzle is the powder feeding efficiency the highest, but after powder feeding nozzle slope is greater than certain angle, because powder self gravity reason, the stability and the focus nature of sending the powder at this moment worsen, the powder problem that falls appears, thereby still can lead to producing certain limitation to three-dimensional laser vibration material disk.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem of how to design a powder feeding nozzle with strong stability and focusing property.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a powder feeding nozzle which comprises an inner nozzle, an outer nozzle and a powder feeding pipeline, wherein the inner nozzle comprises a conical part, the outer nozzle is sleeved outside the conical part, a plurality of powder feeding channel structures which are arranged at intervals in a ring shape are arranged on the outer wall of the conical part and/or the inner wall of the outer nozzle, the bottom ends of the powder feeding channel structures extend to the bottom end of the conical part, and the powder feeding pipeline penetrates through the side wall of the outer nozzle and is communicated with the powder feeding channel structures.
Optionally, the outer nozzle includes a cylindrical structure and a hollow conical structure connected to each other, the outer wall of the conical portion and/or the inner wall of the conical structure are/is provided with a plurality of powder feeding channel structures arranged at intervals in an annular shape, the number of the powder feeding pipelines is multiple, and the plurality of the powder feeding pipelines are arranged at intervals in an annular shape on the cylindrical structure.
Optionally, the interior nozzle still include with the interior concave part that the toper portion is connected, the vertical cross-section of interior concave part is from last to gradually reducing the structure that expands again down, the drum structure with form the hybrid chamber between the interior concave part, it is a plurality of send whitewashed access structure respectively with the hybrid chamber intercommunication, send whitewashed pipeline to wear to locate the drum structure and with the hybrid chamber intercommunication.
Optionally, the inner nozzle further comprises a connecting portion connected to an end of the inner concave portion away from the conical portion, the connecting portion is of a disc structure, and the connecting portion is sleeved with the cylindrical structure.
Optionally, the cooling device further comprises a first cooling structure, wherein the first cooling structure is an annular structure provided with a first accommodating cavity therein, and the first accommodating cavity is suitable for accommodating cooling liquid; the annular structure is sleeved outside the connecting part.
Optionally, the cooling device further comprises a second cooling structure, wherein the second cooling structure is an annular structure with a second accommodating cavity therein, and the second accommodating cavity is suitable for accommodating cooling liquid; the annular structure is sleeved outside the outer nozzle.
Optionally, the powder feeding channel structure includes a protruding structure disposed on the outer wall of the conical portion and/or the conical structure, a groove serving as a powder feeding channel is formed between two adjacent protruding structures, the protruding structure of the conical portion abuts against the inner wall of the conical structure, or the protruding structure of the conical structure abuts against the outer wall of the conical portion, or the protruding structure of the conical portion abuts against the protruding structure of the conical structure, and a powder feeding channel is formed between the groove and the conical structure.
Optionally, the powder feeding channel structure comprises a groove structure which is arranged on the outer wall of the conical part and/or the inner wall of the conical structure and serves as a powder feeding channel.
Compared with the prior art, the powder feeding channel structure in the application extends downwards to the bottom end of the conical part, so that the powder flowing in the powder feeding channels which are arranged at intervals in the annular shape is simultaneously and respectively sent out from the bottom end of the powder feeding nozzle, and finally is converged at the lower side of the powder feeding nozzle to form a powder jet focus, wherein the powder feeding channel structure is arranged on the outer wall of the conical part of the inner nozzle and/or the inner wall of the outer nozzle at intervals, and when the outer nozzle is sleeved outside the conical part, the powder feeding channel structures are respectively communicated with the powder feeding pipeline, so that the powder in the powder feeding pipeline is firstly diffused at the position between the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle and then respectively enters each powder feeding channel to flow, and compared with the prior art that funnel-shaped annular powder is directly formed in the powder feeding nozzle and the stability and the focalization of the annular powder are poorer when the powder feeding nozzle is inclined at a certain angle, because the powder in the powder feeding pipeline enters each powder feeding channel structure respectively, the powder distribution is more uniform, the guidance performance is greatly improved, the stability and the focusing performance of the powder sprayed by the powder feeding nozzle are improved, and the problem of powder falling cannot occur.
The invention also provides a laser cladding and additive manufacturing machining head which comprises a laser head, a connecting pipe and the powder feeding nozzle, wherein the laser head comprises a protective lens which is embedded in the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is connected with an inner nozzle in the powder feeding nozzle; offer the protection gas entry on the connecting pipe, the protection gas entry is suitable for connecting the protection trachea, the beneficial effect of laser cladding and vibration material disk processing head with the beneficial effect of powder feeding nozzle, no longer give details here.
Optionally, still include the jackscrew, the lateral wall of connecting pipe is equipped with sunk structure, sunk structure with the vertical axis of connecting pipe is parallel, the jackscrew is worn to locate the laser head and with sunk structure offsets.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a laser cladding and additive manufacturing processing head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional structure diagram of a laser cladding and additive manufacturing processing head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a local explosion structure of a laser cladding and additive manufacturing processing head according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a second schematic structural view of an inner nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the movement path of powder entering the inner nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a third schematic structural diagram of an inner nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-powder feeding pipeline; 2-inner nozzle; 21-a conical section; 211-a groove structure; 22-an inner recess; 23-a connecting part; 3-an outer nozzle; 31-a cylindrical structure; a 32-cone structure; 4-a first cooling structure; 5-a second cooling structure; 6-a raised structure; 7-connecting pipe; 71-a shielding gas inlet; 72-a recessed structure; 8-protective lens.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be a mechanical connection; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the description herein, references to the terms "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and "one implementation," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or implementation is included in at least one embodiment or example implementation of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or implementations.
In order to solve the above technical problems, with reference to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a powder feeding nozzle, including an inner nozzle 2, an outer nozzle 3 and a powder feeding pipeline 1, where the inner nozzle 2 includes a tapered portion 21, the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved outside the tapered portion 21, the outer wall of the tapered portion 21 and/or the inner wall of the outer nozzle 3 is provided with a plurality of powder feeding channel structures arranged at intervals in a ring shape, the bottom ends of the powder feeding channel structures extend to the bottom end of the tapered portion 21, and the powder feeding pipeline 1 is inserted into the side wall of the outer nozzle 3 and is communicated with the powder feeding channel structures.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, a plurality of powder feeding channel structures arranged at annular intervals are arranged on the outer wall of the conical portion 21 of the inner nozzle 2 and/or the inner wall of the outer nozzle 3, when the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved outside the conical portion 21, because the plurality of powder feeding channel structures are respectively communicated with the powder feeding pipeline 1, the powder in the powder feeding pipeline 1 is firstly diffused at the position between the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle and then respectively enters each powder feeding channel to flow, compared with the prior art that the funnel-shaped annular powder is directly formed in the powder feeding nozzle and the stability and focusing performance of the annular powder are poor when the powder feeding nozzle is inclined at a certain angle, in the present application, the powder feeding channel structures extend downwards to the bottom end of the conical portion 21, so that the powder flowing in each powder feeding channel arranged at annular intervals is simultaneously and respectively sent out from the bottom end of the powder feeding nozzle, and finally, powder is converged at the lower side of the powder feeding nozzle to form a powder jet focus, and the powder in the powder feeding pipeline 1 respectively enters each powder feeding channel structure to ensure that the powder is more uniformly distributed and the guidance performance is greatly improved, so that the stability and the focusing performance of the powder sprayed out by the powder feeding nozzle are improved, the powder falling problem is avoided, and the powder feeding efficiency and the powder utilization rate are also improved.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the outer nozzle 3 includes a cylindrical structure 31 and a conical structure 32 which are connected to each other, the outer wall of the conical portion 21 and/or the inner wall of the conical structure 32 is provided with a plurality of powder feeding channel structures which are arranged at intervals in a ring shape, the number of the powder feeding pipelines 1 is multiple, and the plurality of powder feeding pipelines 1 are arranged at intervals in a ring shape on the cylindrical structure 31.
It should be noted that the interior of the cylindrical structure 31 and the conical structure 32 of the outer nozzle 3 are both hollow, the bottom end of the cylindrical structure 31 is communicated with the end of the conical structure 32 with a larger diameter, and a plurality of powder feeding channel structures arranged at intervals in a ring shape are arranged on the outer wall of the conical part 21 and/or the inner wall of the conical structure 32; the powder feeding pipelines 1 are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder structure 31 in an annular interval manner, and the powder feeding pipelines 1 are communicated with the powder feeding channel structure, so that the powder feeding amount entering the powder feeding channel structure in unit time is increased, and the powder conveyed by the powder feeding pipelines 1 respectively enters each powder feeding channel structure because the powder feeding pipelines 1 are arranged in an annular interval manner and the powder feeding channel structures are arranged in an annular interval manner, so that the uniformity of the powder entering each powder feeding channel structure can be improved; in this embodiment, the size of the powder feeding pipelines 1 is larger than or equal to that of each powder feeding channel, so as to ensure that the powder entering the powder feeding channel structure has a certain flow speed, and the number of the powder feeding pipelines 1 is smaller than that of the powder feeding channel structures.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inner nozzle 2 further includes an inner concave portion 22 connected to the tapered portion 21, a vertical cross section of the inner concave portion 22 is a structure that gradually tapers from top to bottom and then gradually expands, a mixing cavity is formed between the cylindrical structure 31 and the inner concave portion 22, the plurality of powder feeding channel structures are respectively communicated with the mixing cavity, and the powder feeding pipeline 1 is inserted into the cylindrical structure 31 and is communicated with the mixing cavity.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the end with the larger diameter of the tapered portion 21 is located at the upper side relative to the end with the smaller diameter, the top end of the tapered portion 21 is further provided with the concave portion 22, because the vertical section of the concave portion 22 is a structure that gradually tapers from top to bottom and then gradually expands, at this time, the outer wall of the concave portion 22 is similar to an hourglass structure, and the circumferential outer wall of the concave portion 22 is a smooth concave surface, so that when the cylindrical structure 31 of the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved outside the inner nozzle 2, a sealed mixing cavity is formed between the cylindrical structure 31 and the concave portion 22, the powder feeding pipelines 1 are inserted into the cylindrical structure 31 and respectively communicated with the mixing cavity, at this time, the powder in the powder feeding pipelines 1 is continuously and sufficiently mixed in the mixing cavity, and then the mixed powder is caused to continuously move downward by the action of its own gravity and the flow velocity generated by the movement of the powder in, the powder feeding channels are divided into multiple paths by a plurality of powder feeding channel structures which are arranged at intervals in a ring shape, the multiple paths enter the powder feeding channels respectively, the powder is ejected out of the powder feeding nozzles at a certain speed, finally, the powder in the powder feeding channels is converged at the lower sides of the powder feeding nozzles to form powder jet flow focuses, the movement tracks of the powder in the mixing cavity are shown in fig. 6, wherein arrows on curves in fig. 6 are the flow directions of the powder.
In the above embodiment, the tip of each powder feeding passage structure is lower than or flush with the tip of the tapered portion 21.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 4, the tip of each powder feeding passage structure is flush with the tip of the tapered portion 21, so that when the conical structure 32 in the outer nozzle 3 is nested outside the conical portion 21 in the inner nozzle 2, because the powder of the powder feeding pipelines 1 firstly enters the mixing cavity for full mixing, then the mixed powder is promoted to continuously move downwards under the action of the self gravity and the flow velocity generated by the movement of the powder in the mixing cavity and then directly and rapidly enters the powder feeding channel structures, so that the movement path between the powder inner nozzle 2 and the powder outer nozzle 3 can be reduced to improve the powder feeding efficiency, and because the volume of each powder feeding channel structure such as the groove formed between two adjacent convex structures 6 is smaller than the volume of the mixing cavity, the flow speed of the powder in each powder feeding channel can be further accelerated, and the focusing performance and the powder feeding efficiency of the powder in the powder feeding nozzle are greatly improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the top end of each powder feeding channel structure is lower than the top end of the tapered portion 21, that is, the length of the powder feeding channel structure is smaller than the length of the tapered portion 21, the powder feeding channel structure includes the protruding structures 6 arranged on the outer wall of the tapered portion 21, a groove serving as a powder feeding channel is formed between two adjacent protruding structures 6, at this time, a distance is reserved between the groove and the top end of the protruding structures 6 and the top end of the tapered portion 21, when the tapered structure 32 in the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved outside the tapered portion in the inner nozzle 2, a powder acceleration region is formed at the upper side of the powder feeding channel structure between the tapered structure 32 and the tapered portion 21, so that the powder of the plurality of powder feeding pipelines 1 first enters the mixing chamber to be fully mixed, and then the mixed powder is forced to move downward into the powder acceleration region by the action of its own gravity and the flow velocity generated by the movement of the powder in the, because the volume of the mixing cavity is larger than that of the powder accelerating area, the powder in the mixing cavity can further accelerate after entering the powder accelerating area and then respectively enters the powder feeding channel structures, and therefore the flowing speed of the powder in the powder feeding nozzle can be further accelerated. In addition, the tip of each powder feeding passage structure is spaced from the tip of the tapered portion 21, so that the volume of the tapered structure 32 in the outer nozzle 3 is further reduced.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inner nozzle 2 further includes a connecting portion 23 connected to an end of the inner concave portion 22 away from the conical portion 21, the connecting portion 23 is a disc structure, and the cylindrical structure 31 is sleeved outside the connecting portion 23.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, since the cylindrical structure 31 in the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved on the inner nozzle 2, the connecting portion 23 is a disc structure, so that the top end of the cylindrical structure 31 can be smoothly sleeved on the connecting portion 23 which is a disc structure; wherein, the cylinder structure 31 can be directly sleeved outside the connecting portion 23, and can also be sleeved outside the connecting portion 23 through threads, that is, an inner thread is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder structure 31, an outer thread is arranged outside the connecting portion 23, the inner thread is connected with the outer thread through a thread mode, and thus the cylinder structure 31 can be detachably sleeved outside the connecting portion 23.
In this embodiment, the connection pad includes interconnect's first connection pad and second connection pad, and wherein, the bottom of first connection pad and the top of second connection pad be integrated into one piece or can dismantle the connection, and first connection pad and second connection pad set up with the axle center, and the diameter of first connection pad is greater than the diameter of second connection pad, the second connection pad with interior concave part 22 is connected, and drum structure 31 cover is established outside the second connection pad.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the powder feeding nozzle further includes a first cooling structure 4, where the first cooling structure 4 is an annular structure having a first accommodating cavity therein, and the first accommodating cavity is adapted to contain a cooling liquid; the annular structure is sleeved outside the connecting part 23.
It should be noted that the first cooling structure 4 and the first accommodating cavity are both annular structures, and the first accommodating cavity inside the annular structures is suitable for accommodating cooling liquid, and when the annular structures are sleeved outside the second connecting disc in the connecting portion 23, the cooling liquid can cool the inner nozzle 2, so as to prevent the temperature of the inner nozzle 2 from being too high; the first cooling structure 4 is further provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet, the first accommodating cavity and the liquid outlet are communicated, the external liquid feeding device is communicated with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet through a liquid feeding pipe and a liquid outlet pipe respectively, cooling liquid enters the first accommodating cavity of the first cooling structure 4 through the liquid feeding pipe and the liquid inlet, then flows in the first accommodating cavity in an annular structure and returns to the liquid feeding device from the liquid outlet through the liquid outlet pipe, and the process is circulated continuously, so that high temperature generated when the inner nozzle 2 works is taken away, and continuous cooling operation of the inner nozzle 2 is realized; wherein, the coolant liquid can be cooling water, also can be cooling oil, still can be other kinds of coolant liquid, as long as can realize that the coolant liquid that carries out the cooling to inner nozzle 2 all is applicable to this technical scheme, does not do the specific restriction here.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the powder feeding nozzle further includes a second cooling structure 5, where the second cooling structure 5 is an annular structure having a second accommodating cavity therein, and the second accommodating cavity is adapted to contain a cooling liquid; the annular structure is sleeved outside the outer nozzle 3.
It should be noted that, the second cooling structure 5 is the same as the first cooling structure 4 in shape and structure, after the cylindrical structure 31 of the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved on the connecting portion 23 of the inner nozzle 2, the laser emitted by the laser head passes through the laser channel of the inner nozzle 2, at this time, the inner nozzle 2 generates high temperature and transmits the high temperature to the outer nozzle 3, and the second cooling structure 5 is sleeved on the cylindrical structure 31 of the outer nozzle 3, so as to cool the outer nozzle 3, and the cooling principle of the outer nozzle 3 by the second cooling structure 5 is the same as the cooling principle of the inner nozzle 2 by the first cooling structure 4, which is not described herein again.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the powder feeding channel structure includes protruding structures 6 disposed on an outer wall of the conical portion 21 and/or the conical structure 32, a groove serving as a powder feeding channel is formed between two adjacent protruding structures 6, the protruding structures 6 of the conical portion 21 abut against an inner wall of the conical structure 32, or the protruding structures 6 of the conical structure 32 abut against an outer wall of the conical portion 21, or the protruding structures 6 of the conical portion 21 abut against the protruding structures 6 of the conical structure 32, and a powder feeding channel is formed between the groove and the conical structure 32.
It should be noted that, a plurality of protruding structures 6 arranged at annular intervals are arranged on the circumferential outer wall of the conical portion 21 in the inner nozzle 2, a groove serving as a powder feeding channel is formed between two adjacent protruding structures 6, that is, a plurality of grooves are also arranged at annular intervals, when the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved outside the inner nozzle 2, the plurality of protruding structures 6 are abutted against the inner wall of the conical structure 32 of the outer nozzle 3, and a plurality of powder feeding channels are formed between the plurality of grooves arranged at intervals and the conical structure 32 of the outer nozzle 3, so that the powder feeding stability and the focusing performance of the powder feeding nozzle are improved.
In this embodiment, the size of the protruding structure 6 gradually decreases from top to bottom along the outer wall of the inner nozzle 2, so that the surface of the protruding structure 6 is ensured to be abutted against the inner surface of the conical structure 32 of the outer nozzle 3, the size of the groove formed between two adjacent protruding structures 6 is also reduced, the powder feeding channel is gradually reduced, the flowing uniformity, the flowing speed and the guiding performance of the powder in the powder feeding channel are improved, and the powder focusing performance and the powder utilization efficiency are improved. Different from the above-mentioned embodiment, send powder channel structure still can set up on the inside wall of the conical structure 32 of outer nozzle 3, if set up a plurality of protruding structures 6 that are the annular interval setting in the inside wall circumference of conical structure 32, protruding structure 6 downwardly extending to the bottom of toper portion 21 promptly, form the pit as sending the powder passageway between two adjacent protruding structures 6, when outer nozzle 3 cover was established outside inner nozzle 2, a plurality of protruding structures 6 offset with the outer wall of the toper portion 21 of inner nozzle 2, form a plurality of powder channels of sending between a plurality of pits and the outer wall of toper portion 21, thereby also can form multichannel powder and spout from between toper portion 21 and the conical structure 32, its effect and the effect that sets up a plurality of protruding structures 6 at the outer wall of toper portion 21 are repeated, no longer here.
Different from the above-mentioned embodiment, the inner wall of cone structure 32 all sets up a plurality of protruding structures 6 that are annular interval arrangement in outer nozzle 3 and the outer wall of toper portion 21 in interior nozzle 2, when outer nozzle 3 cover was established outside interior nozzle 2, protruding structure 6 on the cone structure 32 offsets with the protruding structure 6 on the toper portion 21, form the recess between two adjacent protruding structures 6 this moment, recess on the cone structure 32 surrounds with the recess on the toper portion 21 and forms a plurality of powder channels that send, its effect sets up a plurality of protruding structures 6's effect with the above-mentioned outer wall at toper portion 21, no longer describe herein.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the powder feeding channel structure includes a groove structure 211 as a powder feeding channel disposed on the outer wall of the tapered portion 21 and/or the inner wall of the conical structure 32.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of groove structures 211 arranged at intervals in a ring shape are formed on the circumferential outer wall of the conical portion 21 in the inner nozzle 2, when the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved outside the inner nozzle 2, the inner wall of the conical structure 32 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the conical portion 21, a plurality of powder feeding channels are formed between the plurality of groove structures 211 and the conical structure 32 arranged at intervals, and the powder fed by the plurality of powder feeding pipelines 1 is mixed in the mixing cavity and then respectively enters each powder feeding channel, compared with the prior art that the stability and focusing performance of the ring-shaped powder are poor when the ring-shaped powder is directly formed in the powder feeding nozzle and the powder feeding nozzle is inclined at a certain angle, the powder in the plurality of powder feeding channels in the present application is respectively ejected from between the conical portion 21 of the inner nozzle 2 and the conical structure 32 of the outer nozzle 3, and finally is converged at the lower side of the powder feeding nozzle to form a powder jet, therefore, the powder in each powder feeding channel structure is more uniformly distributed, the guidance performance is greatly improved, and the stability and the focusing performance of the powder sprayed by the powder feeding nozzle are improved.
In this embodiment, the size of the groove structures 211 gradually decreases from top to bottom along the outer wall of the inner nozzle 2, so that the powder feeding channels formed between the groove structures 211 and the inner wall of the cone structure 32 in the outer nozzle 3 gradually decrease to improve the uniformity and guidance of the powder flowing in the powder feeding channels, and improve the focusing performance and the powder utilization efficiency of the powder. Different from the above embodiment, for example, a plurality of groove structures 211 arranged at annular intervals are arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner side wall of the conical structure 32 in the outer nozzle 3, when the outer nozzle 3 is sleeved outside the inner nozzle 2, the inner wall of the conical structure 32 of the outer nozzle 3 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the conical part 21 of the inner nozzle 2, a plurality of powder feeding channels are formed between the plurality of groove structures 211 and the outer wall of the conical part 21, so that multi-path powder can be sprayed out from between the conical part 21 and the conical structure 32, and the effect of arranging the plurality of groove structures 211 on the outer wall of the conical part 21 are not repeated herein.
Different from the above embodiment, the inner wall of the conical structure 32 in the outer nozzle 3 and the outer wall of the conical part 21 in the inner nozzle 2 are both provided with a plurality of groove structures 211 arranged at intervals in a ring shape, the groove structures 211 on the conical structure 32 and the groove structures 211 on the conical part 21 surround to form a plurality of powder feeding channels, and the effect of the powder feeding channels is the same as that of the powder feeding channels formed by the groove structures 211 on the outer wall of the conical part 21, which is not described again.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a laser cladding and additive manufacturing processing head, including a laser head, a connecting pipe 7 and the powder feeding nozzle as described in the above embodiments, wherein the laser head includes a protective lens 8, the protective lens 8 is embedded in the connecting pipe 7, and the connecting pipe 7 is connected with an inner nozzle 2 of the powder feeding nozzle; the connecting pipe 7 is provided with a protective gas inlet 71, and the protective gas inlet 71 is suitable for being connected with a protective gas pipe.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the laser head (not shown in the drawings) includes a laser emission module and a protection lens 8, and the laser emission module (not shown in the drawings) is disposed above the protection lens 8, and the laser emission module is used for emitting a laser beam, which is a prior art and is not described in detail herein; the connecting part 23, the inner concave part 22 and the conical part 21 of the inner nozzle 2 are provided with laser channels along the vertical axis direction, so that laser beams emitted by a laser emission module in a laser head can conveniently pass through the laser channels, the vertical section of each laser channel is also in a conical structure, and the diameter of the top end of each conical structure is larger than that of the bottom end of each conical structure, so that the laser beams can be conveniently focused in the conveying process; an annular sinking platform is arranged in the connecting pipe 7 above the protective gas inlet 71, and the protective lens 8 is placed on the annular sinking platform; the protective gas pipe is used for carrying in protective gas gets into connecting pipe 7, protective gas can be along the gap downstream between connecting portion 23 of the inner wall of connecting pipe 7 and interior nozzle 2, and act on the powder in the mixing chamber, thereby not only can prevent that the powder in the mixing chamber from upwards moving in order to protect lens 8, and protective gas still sends the powder nozzle along sending powder passageway and powder blowout together, powder in each send the powder passageway is gathered in the below that sends the powder nozzle behind the powder nozzle is sent in the blowout and is formed powder efflux focus, can melt and cover the work piece surface of cladding at treating cladding the powder efflux focus to powder efflux focus after the laser channel blowout of interior nozzle 2 of laser emission module production, protective gas wraps the powder efflux focus this moment, can prevent that the powder that high temperature melted from being oxidized.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the laser cladding and additive manufacturing processing head further includes a jackscrew, the outer side wall of the connecting pipe 7 is provided with a concave structure 72, the concave structure 72 is parallel to the vertical axis of the connecting pipe 7, and the jackscrew is inserted into the laser head and abuts against the concave structure 72.
It should be noted that, set up at least one sunk structure 72 at the lateral wall of connecting pipe 7, sunk structure 72 is parallel with the vertical axis of connecting pipe 7, when connecting pipe 7 is connected with the laser head, connecting pipe 7 inlays the inside of locating the laser head promptly, wear to locate in the laser head and offset with the sunk structure 72 of connecting pipe 7 through the jackscrew, thereby not only realize connecting pipe 7 and the quick detachable of laser head and be connected, and through the hookup location of manual regulation jackscrew and sunk structure 72, can adjust the hookup location of connecting pipe 7 and laser head, with the height of adjustment powder feeding nozzle.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a send powder nozzle, its characterized in that includes interior nozzle (2), outer nozzle (3) and send powder pipeline (1), interior nozzle (2) include toper portion (21), outer nozzle (3) cover is located outside toper portion (21), the outer wall of toper portion (21) and/or the inner wall of outer nozzle (3) is equipped with a plurality of powder channel structures that send that are annular interval arrangement, just send the bottom of powder channel structure to extend to the bottom of toper portion (21), send powder pipeline (1) to wear to locate the lateral wall of outer nozzle (3) and with each send powder channel structure intercommunication.
2. The powder feeding nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the outer nozzle (3) comprises a cylindrical structure (31) and a conical structure (32) which are connected with each other and are hollow inside, the outer wall of the conical part (21) and/or the inner wall of the conical structure (32) is provided with a plurality of powder feeding channel structures which are arranged at intervals in a ring shape, the number of the powder feeding pipelines (1) is multiple, and the powder feeding pipelines (1) are arranged on the cylindrical structure (31) at intervals in a ring shape.
3. The powder feeding nozzle according to claim 2, wherein the inner nozzle (2) further comprises an inner concave portion (22) connected with the conical portion (21), the vertical section of the inner concave portion (22) is a structure which is gradually reduced from top to bottom and then gradually enlarged, a mixing cavity is formed between the cylindrical structure (31) and the inner concave portion (22), the powder feeding channel structures are respectively communicated with the mixing cavity, and the powder feeding pipeline (1) penetrates through the cylindrical structure (31) and is communicated with the mixing cavity.
4. The powder feeding nozzle according to claim 3, wherein the inner nozzle (2) further comprises a connecting portion (23) connected to an end of the inner concave portion (22) away from the conical portion (21), the connecting portion (23) is a disc structure, and the cylindrical structure (31) is sleeved outside the connecting portion (23).
5. Powder delivery nozzle according to claim 4, further comprising a first cooling structure (4), wherein the first cooling structure (4) is an annular structure having a first receiving chamber therein, the first receiving chamber being adapted to contain a cooling liquid; the annular structure is sleeved outside the connecting part (23).
6. Powder delivery nozzle according to claim 2, further comprising a second cooling structure (5), wherein the second cooling structure (5) is an annular structure having a second receiving chamber therein, the second receiving chamber being adapted to contain a cooling liquid; the annular structure is sleeved outside the outer nozzle (3).
7. The powder feeding nozzle according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the powder feeding channel structure comprises a protruding structure (6) arranged on the outer wall of the conical part (21) and/or the conical structure (32), a groove serving as a powder feeding channel is formed between two adjacent protruding structures (6), the protruding structure (6) of the conical part (21) abuts against the inner wall of the conical structure (32), or the protruding structure (6) of the conical structure (32) abuts against the outer wall of the conical part (21), or the protruding structure (6) of the conical part (21) abuts against the protruding structure (6) of the conical structure (32), and a powder feeding channel is formed between the groove and the conical structure (32).
8. Powder feeding nozzle according to any of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the powder feeding channel structure comprises a groove structure (211) as powder feeding channel provided at the outer wall of the cone (21) and/or the inner wall of the cone structure (32).
9. A laser cladding and additive manufacturing machining head, characterized by comprising a laser head, a connecting tube (7) and a powder feeding nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the laser head comprising a protective lens (8), the protective lens (8) being embedded in the connecting tube (7), the connecting tube (7) being connected to an inner nozzle (2) of the powder feeding nozzle; the connecting pipe (7) is provided with a protective gas inlet (71), and the protective gas inlet (71) is suitable for being connected with a protective gas pipe.
10. Laser cladding and additive manufacturing machining head according to claim 9, further comprising a jackscrew, wherein the outer side wall of the connecting tube (7) is provided with a recessed structure (72), the recessed structure (72) is parallel to the vertical axis of the connecting tube (7), and the jackscrew is inserted into the laser head and abuts against the recessed structure (72).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110356172.2A CN112899680A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Powder feeding nozzle and laser cladding and additive manufacturing machining head |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110356172.2A CN112899680A (en) | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-01 | Powder feeding nozzle and laser cladding and additive manufacturing machining head |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113319294A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-31 | 南昌航空大学 | Detachable optical internal powder feeding laser additive manufacturing cladding head |
| CN113481507A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-08 | 宁波图盛激光科技有限公司 | Annular laser cladding nozzle |
| CN113857497A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-31 | 重庆理工大学 | Carrier gas powder mixing type coaxial powder feeding nozzle for additive manufacturing |
| CN114682805A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-01 | 中国人民解放军32181部队 | Powder feeding nozzle and additive manufacturing method |
-
2021
- 2021-04-01 CN CN202110356172.2A patent/CN112899680A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113319294A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-31 | 南昌航空大学 | Detachable optical internal powder feeding laser additive manufacturing cladding head |
| CN113481507A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-08 | 宁波图盛激光科技有限公司 | Annular laser cladding nozzle |
| CN113857497A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-31 | 重庆理工大学 | Carrier gas powder mixing type coaxial powder feeding nozzle for additive manufacturing |
| CN114682805A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-01 | 中国人民解放军32181部队 | Powder feeding nozzle and additive manufacturing method |
| CN114682805B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2023-07-28 | 中国人民解放军32181部队 | Powder feeding nozzle and additive manufacturing method |
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