CN110938818B - Paraxial powder feeding device - Google Patents
Paraxial powder feeding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110938818B CN110938818B CN201911329514.0A CN201911329514A CN110938818B CN 110938818 B CN110938818 B CN 110938818B CN 201911329514 A CN201911329514 A CN 201911329514A CN 110938818 B CN110938818 B CN 110938818B
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- powder
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 209
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a paraxial powder feeding device, which belongs to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing, wherein an included angle between the laser beam direction and the powder feeding direction of a powder feeding cavity is 5-45 degrees, the laser beam direction and the powder feeding direction of the powder feeding cavity in the included angle range are mutually matched, so that most of energy of a laser beam is used for heating, melting and accelerating powder particles in flight, only a very small amount of beam energy can heat a substrate, the substrate is prevented from being excessively heated to greatly reduce the dilution rate, the deformation and dilution rate of the substrate are reduced, the powder utilization rate and the processing efficiency can be greatly improved, the effective components of the coating are prevented from being influenced by the substrate material, the corrosion and abrasion resistance effects of the coating are improved, the laser beam direction and the powder feeding direction of the powder feeding cavity in the included angle range are mutually matched, the ultra-high-speed laser cladding processing can be realized, the coating with strong metallurgical bonding strength and the laser cladding efficiency between the coating and the substrate are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical fields of laser additive manufacturing, laser cladding and laser thermal spraying, in particular to a paraxial powder feeding device.
Background
Most of core key parts of modern high-end equipment are moving parts, frequent damage and even failure of the core key parts are caused by abrasion, corrosion, fatigue and other reasons, long-term reliable operation of equipment is threatened, a large number of expensive core key parts are scrapped, and accordingly huge economic loss, resource waste and energy waste are caused.
On the one hand, the traditional wear-resistant corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloy coating preparation equipment has the defects of easiness in cracking, low compactness and the like of the prepared coating due to the fact that the used nickel-based powder has the characteristics of large size, high hardness, high melting point and the like, and the problem of poor melting of powder particles exists in the coating preparation process.
On the other hand, the traditional coating processing equipment has the problems of low control accuracy of heat input quantity, low processing efficiency, serious pollution and the like, and the matrix is heated too much to deform seriously, so that the prepared nickel-based alloy coating is deteriorated in corrosion resistance and abrasion resistance due to serious cracking. Therefore, a new process for preparing a nickel-based material coating needs to be provided to meet the actual production requirement, and the problem that the nickel-based material coating has a high cracking tendency in the preparation process and thus the wear resistance and corrosion resistance are deteriorated is solved.
However, the laser spraying devices commonly used in the market at present are coaxial powder feeding or paraxial powder feeding, and the coaxial powder feeding or paraxial powder feeding is basically realized by coating the laser light external powder feeding. Because the laser and the powder can be caused to have shorter action time when the powder is sent out, the problems of lower processing precision of the powder sending nozzle, lower utilization rate of the powder and the like can exist
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a paraxial powder feeding device, which is characterized in that the convergence of powder at the center point of a light spot is realized by optimizing the included angle between a powder feeding cavity and a light beam cavity, so that most of energy of a laser beam is used for heating, melting and accelerating powder particles in flight, and the ultra-high-speed laser cladding can be realized to form a metallurgical bonding coating, thereby avoiding the matrix from being excessively heated to greatly reduce the dilution rate, reducing the deformation and the dilution rate of the matrix, greatly improving the utilization rate and the processing efficiency of the powder, ensuring that the effective components of the coating are not influenced by matrix materials, and further improving the corrosion and abrasion resistance effects of the coating.
The specific technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a paraxial powder feeding device which comprises a device body and a connecting device fixed on the device body, wherein the connecting device is used for fixing the paraxial powder feeding device with other parts, a powder feeding cavity is arranged on the device body, and an included angle between the powder feeding cavity and a vertical surface is 5-45 degrees.
The device comprises a device body, wherein the device body is provided with a laser beam channel with an inverted cone-shaped structure, a powder feeding cavity is arranged on one side of the laser beam channel, and an included angle between the powder feeding cavity and the laser beam channel is 5-45 degrees; the powder feeding cavity is of a cylindrical structure, and the convergence point of the cross section central line of the powder feeding cavity and the cross section central line of the laser beam channel is in the same plane.
Optionally, the cross section of laser beam passageway is semi-circular structure or half square structure, send the powder chamber to include the cylindricality that the parallel setting of many heels send the powder pipe.
Optionally, the total number of the cylindrical powder feeding pipes is an odd number, the cylindrical powder feeding pipe is located at the middle position and is a central powder feeding pipe, the cylindrical powder feeding pipes located at two sides of the central powder feeding pipe are side powder feeding pipes, and the distance between the outlet of the side powder feeding pipes and the outlet of the central powder feeding pipe is smaller than the distance between the inlet of the side powder feeding pipes and the inlet of the central powder feeding pipe.
Optionally, an included angle between the center line of the side powder feeding pipe and the center line of the center powder feeding pipe is 5-30 degrees.
Optionally, the cylindrical powder feeding pipe is composed of 4 sections of cylindrical pipe assemblies with different diameters, and the diameters of the cylindrical pipes are sequentially decreased from top to bottom.
Optionally, the device body includes the device center body and fixes the side cap of device center body one side, wherein, send the powder chamber to follow the side cap with the concatenation face between the device center body distributes.
Optionally, the cylindricality send the powder pipe and be concatenation components of a whole that can function independently structure, the cylindricality send the powder pipe to include mutual concatenation complex left body and right body, wherein, left body is located the device center body is relative the terminal surface of side cap, right body is located the side cap is relative the terminal surface of device center body.
Optionally, the outside in powder feed cavity is provided with the cooling chamber, connecting device sets up the upper end of device body, the last flange dish that is provided with of connecting device, the flange dish is used for fixing mutually with other parts, laser beam passageway runs through the device body with connecting device.
Optionally, the side of device body is fixed with the cooling chamber lid, the cooling chamber lid with the device main part mutually support and form the cooling chamber, the cooling chamber is covered and is provided with the cooling tube mounting hole, connecting device is including fixing base on the device body, fixing flange on the base, fixing respectively the device body with the end cover that the cooling chamber was covered, be provided with on the end cover and send the powder head mounting hole, send the powder head mounting hole with the cylindricality send the powder pipe to be linked together.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The embodiment of the invention provides a paraxial powder feeding device which comprises a device body and a connecting device fixed on the device body, wherein a laser beam channel with an inverted cone structure is arranged on the device body, a powder feeding cavity is arranged on one side of the laser beam channel, an included angle between the powder feeding cavity and the laser beam channel is 5-45 degrees, namely, the included angle between the laser beam direction and the powder feeding direction of the powder feeding cavity is 5-45 degrees, the laser beam direction and the powder feeding direction of the powder feeding cavity are mutually matched within the included angle range, so that most of energy of a laser beam is used for heating, melting and accelerating powder particles in flight, only a very small amount of beam energy can heat a substrate, the substrate is prevented from being excessively heated to greatly reduce the dilution rate, the deformation and the dilution rate of the substrate are reduced, the powder utilization rate and the processing efficiency can be greatly improved, the effective components of a coating are prevented from being influenced by substrate materials, the corrosion and abrasion resistance effects of the coating are improved, the laser beam direction and the powder feeding direction of the powder feeding cavity are mutually matched within the included angle range, ultra-high-speed cladding can be realized, the bonding strength between the surface of the coating and the metallurgical bonding strength of the coating can be improved, and the bonding strength between the surface of the coating and the metallurgical bonding strength can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an isometric structure of a paraxial powder feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another isometric structure of a paraxial powder feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a paraxial powder feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a paraxial powder feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a front view of a paraxial powder feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a paraxial powder feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A of FIG. 6 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the B-B cross-sectional structure of FIG. 6 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic front view of a device body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic top view of a device body according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional C-C configuration of FIG. 9 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the D-D cross-sectional structure of FIG. 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A paraxial powder feeder according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 12.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a paraxial powder feeding device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a device body 1 and a connecting device 2 fixed on the device body 1, where the connecting device 2 is used to fix the paraxial powder feeding device of the embodiment of the present invention with other components, and by way of example, the device body 1 of the paraxial powder feeding device of the embodiment of the present invention is fixed on a laser cladding device or a laser spraying and melting apparatus through the connecting device 2.
Referring to fig. 1, 6 and 7, a laser beam channel 3 with an inverted cone structure is arranged on a device body 1, a powder feeding cavity 4 is arranged on one side of the laser beam channel 3, and an included angle between the powder feeding cavity 4 and the laser beam channel 3 is 5-45 degrees. Specifically, the included angle between the powder feeding cavity 4 and the laser beam channel 3 may be an included angle a shown in fig. 7, where the included angle a is an included angle between the center line of the powder feeding cavity 4 and the right end surface of the laser beam channel 3, and the included angle a may also be an included angle between the center line of the powder feeding cavity 4 and the vertical surface where the laser beam channel 3 is located. A great number of experiments and practices show that the paraxial powder feeding device can be used for realizing ultra-high-speed laser cladding only when the included angle between the powder feeding cavity 4 and the laser beam channel 3 is 5-45 degrees.
Referring to fig. 7, 9, 11 and 12, the powder feeding chamber 4 according to the embodiment of the present invention has a cylindrical structure, and the convergence point of the cross-sectional center line of the powder feeding chamber 4 and the cross-sectional center line of the laser beam path 3 is in the same plane. Referring to fig. 1, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11 and 12, the powder feeding chamber 4 is composed of a plurality of cylindrical powder feeding pipes 401 arranged side by side, wherein, since each cylindrical powder feeding pipe 401 is arranged obliquely along the vertical direction and the laser beam channel is arranged vertically along the vertical direction, the central axis of each cylindrical powder feeding pipe 401 is intersected with the central axis of the laser beam channel 3, and the intersection points between the central axes of all cylindrical powder feeding pipes and the central axis of the laser beam channel are all in the same horizontal plane, that is, the intersection points between the central axes of all cylindrical powder feeding pipes and the central axis of the laser beam channel form a cake-shaped structure in the same horizontal plane, the powder cake coating can be formed at the converging point of the light beam in the laser beam channel, and the powder cake formed at the outlet of the powder feeding cavity has a certain diameter and can be converged with the laser beam above the converging point of the laser beam, so that the laser beam contacts with the powder cake before reaching the surface of the substrate, most of the energy of the laser beam is ensured to be used for heating and melting and accelerating powder particles in flight, only a very small amount of light beam energy can heat the substrate, the substrate is prevented from being excessively heated to greatly reduce the dilution rate, the deformation and dilution rate of the substrate are reduced, the powder utilization rate and the processing efficiency can be greatly improved, and the effective components of the coating are ensured not to be influenced by the substrate material, so that the corrosion and abrasion resistance effects of the coating are improved.
As shown in fig. 7, 8, 9 and 12, the cross section of the device body 1 is a half-fan structure, wherein the center line of the cross section of the powder feeding cavity 4 (i.e. the center axis of each cylindrical powder feeding tube) and the center line of the cross section of the laser beam channel 3 (i.e. the intersection line between the middle axial plane of the laser beam channel in the width direction and the middle axial plane of the laser beam channel) are respectively overlapped with different radius lines of the circle where the fan structure is located, i.e. the powder feeding cavity 4 and the laser beam channel 3 are both arranged along the radius direction of the circle where the fan structure is located, so that no matter how the number of the powder feeding tubes distributed in the width direction of the powder feeding cavity 4 along the laser beam channel 3 and the width change of the laser beam channel 3 can ensure that the converging point of the laser beam and the converging point of the powder feeding cavity are distributed in the same plane, but the powder cake formed by the outlet of the powder feeding cavity has a certain diameter, so that the laser beam can converge with the laser beam above the converging point of the laser beam, the laser beam contacts with the powder cake before reaching the surface of the substrate, the energy of the laser beam is ensured to be used for melting and accelerating the part of the powder feeding and heating, the substrate, the energy is greatly accelerated, the energy is greatly used for heating the substrate, the coating is greatly reduced, the efficiency is greatly reduced, the material is greatly reduced, and the substrate is greatly reduced, and the material is greatly reduced, and the wear resistance is greatly is deformed, and the substrate material is coated.
Referring to fig. 1,2, 3, 8 and 9, the cross section of the laser beam path 3 is in a semicircular structure or a semi-square structure, that is, the laser beam path 3 is in an open semi-open structure, and the laser beam can be converged at a point along the inner wall of the laser beam path 3. The main body of the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 may be a cylindrical powder feeding tube or a prismatic powder feeding tube, for example, the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 may have a triangular prism or a quadrangular prism structure, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, but the cross-sectional shape of the main body of the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 is the same, that is, it is required to ensure that the pipe diameter of the portion of the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 close to the laser beam converging point needs to be uniformly distributed in the length direction thereof, so as to ensure that the powder flows uniformly before reaching the laser beam converging point.
Referring to fig. 1,2, 3, 8, 9 and 10, the laser beam channel 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention has an inverted conical structure, where the taper of the laser beam channel is 1:10-1:5, preferably, the taper of the laser beam channel is 15:114, where the taper refers to the ratio between the difference between the radius of the large end and the radius of the small end and the height. The action time between the laser beam and the powder cake is longest under the taper, the utilization rate of the powder is highest, the dilution rate of the matrix is lowest, and the metallurgical bonding strength of the coating is high.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 9, fig. 10, fig. 11, and fig. 12, the total number of the cylindrical powder feeding pipes 401 in the embodiment of the present invention is an odd number, the cylindrical powder feeding pipe 401 is a central powder feeding pipe 4011 located at a middle position, the cylindrical powder feeding pipes located at two sides of the central powder feeding pipe 4011 are side powder feeding pipes 4012, and the distance between the outlet of the side powder feeding pipe 4012 and the outlet of the central powder feeding pipe 4011 is smaller than the distance between the inlet of the side powder feeding pipe 4012 and the inlet of the central powder feeding pipe 4011, that is, the powder feeding directions of the plurality of side-by-side cylindrical powder feeding pipes 401 are converged toward the central position, so as to ensure the powder feeding effect of the powder feeding cavity. Referring to fig. 11, an included angle b between the center line of the side powder feeding tube 4012 and the center line of the center powder feeding tube 4011 is 5 ° to 30 °, and the powder feeding cavity within the included angle range has the best convergence effect, and can ensure the spraying effect of ultra-high speed laser cladding by matching with the included angle between the powder feeding cavity and the laser beam channel.
Referring to fig. 4, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 12, the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 according to the embodiment of the present invention is composed of 4 sections of cylindrical tube assemblies with different diameters, and the diameters of the cylindrical tubes decrease from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the length of the cylindrical tube with the smallest diameter is longest.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, a cooling cavity 5 is arranged at the outer side of a device body 1, the cooling cavity 5 is a rectangular cavity which is obliquely arranged, a cooling liquid circulation pipe mounting hole 6 is arranged on the side wall of the rectangular cavity, and the cooling liquid circulation pipe mounting hole 6 is used for mounting a cooling liquid circulation pipe to realize rapid cooling of the paraxial powder feeding device.
Referring to fig. 1 to 12, in order to reduce the processing difficulty of the device body, the paraxial powder feeding device provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts a split structure which is mutually spliced and fixed. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, the device body 1 provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a device center body 101 and a side cover 102 fixed on one side of the device center body 101, where the powder feeding cavity 4 is distributed along a splicing surface between the side cover 102 and the device center body 101.
As shown in fig. 9, 10, 11 and 12, the center body 101 and the side cover 102 of the device according to the embodiment of the present invention may be separately processed and then fixed to each other by using screws or bolts. Meanwhile, the device body 1 adopting the split structure is used for reducing the processing difficulty of the powder feeding cavity formed by the cylindrical powder feeding pipe 401. Referring to fig. 7, 9, 10, 11 and 12, the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 is a split-spliced structure, and the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 includes a left tube body 4013 and a right tube body 4014 that are mutually spliced and matched, wherein the left tube body 4013 is located at an end face of the device center body 101 opposite to the side cover 102, and the right tube body 4014 is located at an end face of the side cover 102 opposite to the device center body 101.
That is, referring to fig. 7, 8, 9,10, 11 and 12, the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 is divided into a left portion and a right portion which are spliced and matched with each other, one half of the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 may be processed on the splicing surface of the device center body 101, and the remaining portion of the cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 may be processed on the splicing surface of the side cover, so that a complete cylindrical powder feeding tube 401 is formed after the splicing. Because the cylindrical powder feeding pipe 401 is a thin pipe which is obliquely arranged, if the processing difficulty is extremely high without adopting a splicing structure, even the qualified cylindrical powder feeding pipe cannot be processed, the split processing of the cylindrical powder feeding pipe is realized by adopting the split-type cylindrical powder feeding pipe, the processing difficulty of the cylindrical powder feeding pipe can be greatly reduced, and the processing precision of the cylindrical powder feeding pipe is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the paraxial powder feeding device according to the embodiment of the present invention adopts a top mounting and fixing manner, in which the connection device 2 is disposed at the upper end of the device body 1, that is, the connection device 2 is fixed at the upper portion of the device body 1, wherein the connection device 2 may be integrally formed with or separately processed from the device center body 101, and the connection device 2 may be welded to the upper portion of the device center body 101 or fastened to the device center body 101 by using a threaded connection or a bolt connection. Referring to fig. 1, 2, 7 and 8, the connection device 2 is provided with a connection flange 201, the connection flange 201 is used for fixing with other components, and the laser beam path 3 penetrates the device body 1 and the connection device 2.
Referring to fig. 1, 7 and 8, a cooling cavity 5 is arranged at the outer side of the powder feeding cavity 4, a cooling cavity cover 501 is fixed at the side surface of the device body 1, the cooling cavity 5 is a cooling liquid circulation space formed by mutually splicing the cooling cavity cover 501 and the device body 1, and referring to fig. 1 and 7, the cooling cavity cover 501 is fixed on the device body 1 by bolts or screws, so that the processing difficulty of the cooling cavity can be reduced. The left cooling chambers 5 are each rectangular chambers, for example. The connecting device 2 comprises a base 202 fixed on the device body, a connecting flange 201 fixed on the base 202, and end covers 203 respectively fixed on the device body 1 and the cooling cavity cover 501, wherein the end covers 203 are provided with powder feeding head mounting holes 204, and the powder feeding head mounting holes 204 are communicated with a cylindrical powder feeding pipe 401. The powder feeding head mounting hole 204 is used for mounting and connecting an external powder feeding head. The external powder feeding head 7 may be mounted in the powder feeding head mounting hole 204 using a screw connection.
The embodiment of the invention provides a paraxial powder feeding device which comprises a device body and a connecting device fixed on the device body, wherein a laser beam channel with an inverted cone structure is arranged on the device body, a powder feeding cavity is arranged on one side of the laser beam channel, an included angle between the powder feeding cavity and the laser beam channel is 5-45 degrees, namely, the included angle between the laser beam direction and the powder feeding direction of the powder feeding cavity is 5-45 degrees, the laser beam direction and the powder feeding direction of the powder feeding cavity are mutually matched within the included angle range, so that most of energy of a laser beam is used for heating, melting and accelerating powder particles in flight, only a very small amount of beam energy can heat a substrate, the substrate is prevented from being excessively heated to greatly reduce the dilution rate, the deformation and the dilution rate of the substrate are reduced, the powder utilization rate and the processing efficiency can be greatly improved, the effective components of a coating are prevented from being influenced by substrate materials, the corrosion and abrasion resistance effects of the coating are improved, the laser beam direction and the powder feeding direction of the powder feeding cavity are mutually matched within the included angle range, ultra-high-speed cladding can be realized, the bonding strength between the surface of the coating and the metallurgical bonding strength of the coating can be improved, and the bonding strength between the surface of the coating and the metallurgical bonding strength can be improved.
The embodiment of the invention provides a paraxial powder feeding device, because a laser beam channel is of an opening structure and does not limit laser beams in the channel, the laser beam channel only provides a guiding function for the laser beams, and further powder feeding at any angle can be realized relative to the laser beams, not only ultra-high-speed laser cladding can be realized, but also common laser cladding can be realized, and the working mode is flexible and has wide adaptability.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (5)
1. The paraxial powder feeding device is characterized by comprising a device body and a connecting device fixed on the device body, wherein the connecting device is used for fixing the paraxial powder feeding device with other parts, a powder feeding cavity is arranged on the device body, and an included angle between the powder feeding cavity and a vertical surface is 5-45 degrees; the device comprises a device body, wherein a laser beam channel with an inverted cone-shaped structure is arranged on the device body, a powder feeding cavity is arranged on one side of the laser beam channel, and an included angle between the powder feeding cavity and the laser beam channel is 5-45 degrees; the powder feeding cavity is of a cylindrical structure, and the convergence point of the cross section central line of the powder feeding cavity and the cross section central line of the laser beam channel is in the same plane; the cross section of the laser beam channel is of a semicircular structure or a semi-square structure, and the powder feeding cavity comprises a plurality of cylindrical powder feeding pipes which are arranged side by side; the cylindrical powder feeding pipe is composed of 4 sections of cylindrical pipe assemblies with different diameters, and the diameters of the cylindrical pipes are sequentially decreased from top to bottom; the device body comprises a device center body and a side cover fixed on one side of the device center body, wherein the powder feeding cavity is distributed along a splicing surface between the side cover and the device center body; the cylindrical powder feeding pipe is of a split-type structure and comprises a left pipe body and a right pipe body which are mutually spliced and matched, wherein the left pipe body is positioned on the end face of the device center body, which is opposite to the side cover, and the right pipe body is positioned on the end face of the side cover, which is opposite to the device center body; the taper of the laser beam channel is 15:114.
2. The paraxial powder feeding device as set forth in claim 1, wherein the total number of the cylindrical powder feeding tubes is an odd number, the cylindrical powder feeding tube is a central powder feeding tube located at a middle position, the cylindrical powder feeding tubes located at both sides of the central powder feeding tube are side powder feeding tubes, and a distance between an outlet of the side powder feeding tube and an outlet of the central powder feeding tube is smaller than a distance between an inlet of the side powder feeding tube and an inlet of the central powder feeding tube.
3. The paraxial powder feeding device as claimed in claim 2, wherein an included angle between a center line of the lateral powder feeding tube and a center line of the central powder feeding tube is 5 ° to 30 °.
4. A paraxial powder feeding device as set forth in claim 3, wherein a cooling chamber is provided outside the powder feeding chamber, the connecting device is provided at an upper end of the device body, a connecting flange is provided on the connecting device, the connecting flange is used for being fixed with other components, and the laser beam passage penetrates through the device body and the connecting device.
5. The paraxial powder feeding device as set forth in claim 4, wherein a cooling cavity cover is fixed on a side surface of the device body, the cooling cavity cover and the device body are mutually matched to form the cooling cavity, a cooling pipe mounting hole is formed in the cooling cavity cover, the connecting device comprises a base fixed on the device body, a connecting flange fixed on the base, and end covers respectively fixed on the device body and the cooling cavity cover, and a powder feeding head mounting hole is formed in the end cover and is communicated with the cylindrical powder feeding pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114164427A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-11 | 天津大学 | Small-angle annular powder feeding nozzle for high-speed laser cladding |
| CN114561637B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-05-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Laser cladding method and device for surface modification of shaft parts |
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