CN1139455C - Adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetrical powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle - Google Patents
Adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetrical powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN1139455C CN1139455C CNB011101326A CN01110132A CN1139455C CN 1139455 C CN1139455 C CN 1139455C CN B011101326 A CNB011101326 A CN B011101326A CN 01110132 A CN01110132 A CN 01110132A CN 1139455 C CN1139455 C CN 1139455C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of processing techniques for laser materials. The present invention is composed of an upper body and a lower body which are coupled with each other, wherein the lower body comprises an outer conic body, a middle rectangular body, a lower rectangular conic body, a replaceable rectangular spray head and two groups of powder sending seats composed of a plurality of groups of broad-band powder sending heads and a cooling water cavity, and the outer conic body, the middle rectangular body and the lower rectangular conic body are arranged coaxially. The middle rectangular body is arranged between the outer conic body and the lower rectangular conic body and is also connected with the replaceable rectangular spray head by extending downward, and the two groups of powder sending seats are symmetrically installed on the lower part of the outer conic body and on both sides of the outer surface of the replaceable rectangular spray head. The present invention has the advantages of practicability, multiple properties and convenient use, and is especially suitable for wide application fields of large-area powder sending laser smelting and coating, etc.
Description
Technical field the invention belongs to the Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical field, particularly large-area laser cladding broadband powder-feeding nozzle structural design.
The background technology Laser Processing is a kind of novel manufacturing process that utilizes high energy laser beam to process, and is advanced material processing method in the present age.Laser Processing has many obvious superiority that surpass conventional manufacturing process, its range of application is also very wide, as: Laser Surface Treatment (laser transformation hardening, laser remolten, laser alloying, laser melting coating, laser fine processing, laser surface texturing), laser weld, laser cutting, laser drill, laser labelling, Laser Micro-Machining etc.Laser melting coating is the new method that obtains high-performance coating with high energy laser beam at metal material surface, be meant in laser beam molten material local surfaces and add metallic element or alloy and both changed the surface coating method that the material surface microstructure changes its composition, coating material has metallurgical system of one's own, forms the thin layer metallurgical binding with matrix, and matrix to the dilution of coating seldom, can realize fabulous surface abrasion resistance, anti-corrosion, anti-washing away, endurance, resistance to high temperature oxidation, multiple performance such as antifriction; The heat input of laser cladding process is few, and thermal cycle is very of short duration, few to the pyrolytic damage and the thermal deformation of matrix, and cladding area composition, concentration, shape and area size can be controlled.The combination property of laser cladding layer obviously is better than conventional thermal spraying, plasma spraying, coatings such as built-up welding, thereby can be widely used in the reinforcement and the reparation of mould, the reinforcement of valve and valve class and reparation, the reinforcement of metallurgical roller and reparation, the reinforcement of blade and reparation, the reinforcement of valuable axial workpiece and reparation, the reinforcement of large-scale valuable part and reparation, repair the part of large-scale valuable foundry goods, crucial friction pair (the cylinder sleeve of motor vehicle, piston ring, cam, bent axle, tappet, valve etc.) reinforcement and reparation, the reinforcement of mining machinery key components and parts and reparation and all kinds of pump, compressor, blower parts, power plant component, paper and hardboard production equipment, fields such as textile machine equipment, can obviously increase the service life of part, improve the performance of part, economic benefit is obvious.
The inventor invents " the split type coaxial powder-feeding nozzle for laser fusion and coating of vertical loading and unloading " (application number 00100041.1 in this area; publication number CN 1255411A); this invention nozzle is formed multilayer concentric awl tube by inner conical-tube, middle cone tube, external conical-tube, cooling water baffle plate and the shower nozzle of inside and outside socket, comprises axis light paths, mill diagram passage, protective gas passage and cooling-water duct.Wherein powder channel is made of middle cone tube and external conical-tube, and external conical-tube top comprises four tangential inlets introduces powder, settles below the tangential inlet micropore to leak sieve.Four road powder stream that enters powder channel is being dispersed in rapidly under the drive of carrying gas on the periphery of sieve ring, leak the dozens of micropore uniform on the sieve ring circumference to leak down equably from micropore again, move downward, gather the back along powder channel and form the coaxial powder coning tower tray of uniform convergence in the exit, make and the laser melting coating isotropism overcome single tube side direction powder feeding cladding respectively to a series of deficiencies such as atypias.This invention has that three layers of cone are cooled off simultaneously, flexible vertical loading and unloading, powder stream advantage such as replaceable, anti-laser reflection in end of homogenising, spot diameter flexible modulation, interior cone head part and Powder Recovery initiatively, be adapted to single track laser melting coating and laser and make fast, the occasion of assembling arrow beam of light such as laser alloying, laser transformation hardening and laser weld.
The width of laser melting coating single track cladding layer is often narrower, generally is no more than 5mm, for realizing bigger cladding area, needs the multiple tracks transverse lap, and overlapping rate generally is no more than 30%.Because laser cladding layer often is half elliptic, can influence the overall performance uniformity of profile pattern, cladding efficient and the coating of coating during multi-track overlapping to a certain extent.Therefore, enough and under the broadening linear light beam condition (laser instrument is exported circular light beam in laser power, its mode that changes linearity or rectangle angle pencil of ray into is a lot, as integration mirror, combination border, scanning mirror, binary optical elements etc.), adopt broadband laser cladding can obviously improve planarization, performance uniformity and the cladding efficient of cladding layer.The broadband powder feeding needs a performance good broadband nozzle, and existing broadband shower nozzle is only used a sheet iron duck type mouth simply, can often occur in use that shower nozzle distortion burns out, powder obstruction, powder lack of homogeneity, a series of problems such as can't work long hours, be difficult to satisfy instructions for use.
Summary of the invention the objective of the invention is for overcoming the weak point of existing broadband melting and coating technique, design a kind of wide-band bidirectional symmetry powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle, make it have flexible vertical loading and unloading, the powder feeding of two-way simultaneous broadband, effective cooling of critical component, long-time steady operation, the step-less adjustment defocusing amount, the powder feeding width is regulated in classification, be suitable for multiple good performances such as multiple focus lamp focal length, has practicability, many performances, advantage easy to use is specially adapted to the large tracts of land powder-feeding laser melting-painting, large tracts of land powder-feeding laser alloying, large tracts of land presets the powder laser melting coating, large tracts of land presets the powder laser alloying, the large-area laser remelting, application fields such as large-area laser transformation hardening.
A kind of adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetry powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle that the present invention proposes is made up of the upper body that is coupled to each other and lower body two parts; It is characterized in that two groups of powder feeding seats that this lower body comprises the cylindrical cone, intermediate rectangular body, bottom rectangular cone, replaceable rectangle shower nozzle of coaxial setting, be made of array broadband feeding head and cooling water cavity are formed; Wherein, said intermediate rectangular body is arranged between cylindrical cone, the intermediate rectangular body, and extension links to each other with replaceable rectangle shower nozzle downwards, and these two groups of powder feeding seat symmetries are installed in the both sides of cylindrical cone bottom and replaceable rectangle shower nozzle outside;
Said powder feeding seat inside is wedge shape cavity, the inside of said rectangle broadband feeding head is sector structure, its outlet has different in width, its external dimensions closely contacts with the measure-alike of powder feeding seat inner wedge cavity and with powder feeding seat cavity, and said cooling water cavity is located at the powder feeding seat cavity outside.
Form cavity between said cylindrical cone and the bottom rectangular cone, this cavity is inner cooling-water duct; Form the rectangle board splitter between said intermediate rectangular body and the bottom rectangular cone, this board splitter is axially to protect the gas passage; Said intermediate rectangular body center is the rectangular cone cavity, and this rectangular cone cavity is a path channels.
The reverse cone structure of nozzle-end is formed in said replaceable rectangle shower nozzle and powder feeding seat lower end, both sides.
Said upper body can be placed in the inner thread sleeve in it and be arranged on the middle adjusting thread barrel of internal and external threads sleeve and be formed by external thread sleeve; This external thread sleeve is the connector of whole nozzle and Laser Processing working head, and external thread sleeve, inner thread sleeve and adjusting thread barrel are formed directed vertically defocusing amount governor motion.
Said going up can adopt the button lobe to connect between the lower body, the button of this button lobe is fixed on the lower end of upper body inner thread sleeve, and lobe is fixed on down on the external cone.
Can there be a boss inner thread sleeve lower end, said upper body, on the lower body cone is middle a groove can be arranged, and realizes accurately location by their during installation.Can there be a locating wedge said upper body in the external thread sleeve inboard, and inner thread sleeve outside corresponding positions is equipped with a locating slot.
Function of the present invention and characteristics are as follows:
(1) nozzle body of the present invention adopts the basic structure of side in the outer garden, rectangular light paths, rectangular shaft have been comprised to protection gas passage and inner cooling-water duct, by the cooling-water duct of inner cooling-water duct and outside bilateral powder feeding seat, guarantee the effective cooling of whole each key component of nozzle and the long-time steady operation of nozzle; The present invention is ad hoc one removable rectangular nozzle head in rectangular light paths end so that just in case when burning in end Stimulated Light reflection replaceable continuation use, guarantee to work long hours.
(2) the present invention adopts bilateral symmetry broadband powder feeding simultaneously structure especially, guarantees the broadband laser cladding fore-and-aft direction same sex.Powder feeding structure in bilateral broadband comprises bilateral rectangle powder feeding seat and many to rectangle broadband feeding head.Bilateral powder feeding seat is connected with main body, sturdy construction, outside water flowing cooling.Wedge shape cavity is opened in powder feeding seat inside, lay rectangle broadband feeding head in the cavity, feeding head top is the external powder inlet, the feeding head center has fan type wedging method, form uniform linear broadband powder stream behind the fan type wedging method that it is unique that the column type powder that enters from feeding head top is flowed through, spray from the feeding head end.Monosymmetric broadband powder stream converges the back and forms linear broadband powder stream, makes broadband laser cladding fore-and-aft direction cladding performance unanimity.Realize the hierarchical broadband powder feeding by the rectangle broadband feeding head of changing four groups of different fan type wedging method exit widths.
(3) the present invention adopts binary to divide body structure, and the upper body realizes connecting with the transition of various Laser Processing working heads with screw thread or screw, and this nozzle can be realized being connected with any Laser Processing working head easily.Adopt the button lobe to connect between the last lower body, realize the flexible vertical Multi Loading and Unloading Functions of split, powder, gas, water route pipeline can not twine during loading and unloading.
(4) double-deck screw shell basic structure is adopted in nozzle of the present invention upper body, and other puts one and regulates screw thread in the middle of the internal and external threads sleeve, realizes the step-less adjustment of defocusing amount; The nozzle lower body moves vertically and does not rotate when guaranteeing to regulate by locating wedge in the outer sleeve and the locating slot in the inner sleeve, guarantees the uniformity of broadband powder feeding and broad band laser bundle.
(5) nozzle head and the both sides powder feeding seat of broadband of the present invention nozzle-end are designed to a reverse cone structure towards work piece, harmful laser energy that surface of the work not only can be reflected is reflect focalization melt back pond again, improve the utilization rate of laser beam energy, and the powder of surface of the work bounce-back and sputter can also be flowed reflected back molten bath again, improve the utilization rate of powder.
(6) broadband of the present invention nozzle is because its good water cooling performance, and nozzle can be from the nearer distance work of workpiece, and jackshaft all can form good gas shield environment to the high temperature weld pool surface to protective gas and both sides powder feeding inert gas.
The suitable application area of nozzle of the present invention is that large tracts of land powder-feeding laser melting-painting, large tracts of land powder-feeding laser alloying, large tracts of land preset the powder laser melting coating, large tracts of land presets application fields such as powder laser alloying, large-area laser remelting, large-area laser transformation hardening.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a two-way adjustable wide-band laser coating and powder feeding nozzle example structure generalized section of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 partial side view, shows the structure of powder feeding seat.
Specific embodiment the present invention designs a kind of split type laser melting coating broadband powder-feeding nozzle of vertical loading and unloading of bi-directional symmetrical powder feeding adjustable-width, and the embodiment accompanying drawings is as follows:
The primary structure of present embodiment as shown in Figure 1.This broadband nozzle is made up of two parts up and down.The nozzle upper body is made up of external thread sleeve 11, inner thread sleeve 12 and adjusting thread barrel 13, the nozzle lower body is that nozzle body is by cylindrical cone 21, intermediate rectangular body 22, bottom rectangular cone 23, replaceable rectangle shower nozzle 25, bilateral symmetry powder feeding seat 24 and its outside cooling-water duct 27, array rectangle broadband feeding head 26 compositions.Top and the bottom adopt the button lobe to connect.External thread sleeve 11 is the connector of whole nozzle and Laser Processing working head, and external thread sleeve 11, inner thread sleeve 12 and adjusting thread barrel 13 are formed directed vertically defocusing amount governor motion.Intermediate rectangular body 22 inner cone cavitys and replaceable rectangle shower nozzle 25 are formed internal focus laser beam passway 30; Intermediate rectangular body 22 and bottom rectangular cone 23 constitute axial protective gas passage 31; Cooling-water duct 32 in outer cone 21 and bottom rectangular cone 23 are formed; Rectangle broadband feeding head 26 is a broadband powder feeding passage; The reverse cone structure of nozzle-end is formed in replaceable rectangle shower nozzle 25 and powder feeding seat lower end, both sides.
The function of present embodiment and characteristics:
(1) present embodiment cylindrical cone 21 adopts the basic structure of side in the outer garden, has comprised the internal focus laser beam passway of being made up of intermediate rectangular body 22 and replaceable rectangle shower nozzle 25 30; The rectangular shaft that is made of intermediate rectangular body 22 and bottom rectangular cone 23 is to protection gas passage 31; By the interior cooling-water duct 32 that outer cone 21 and bottom rectangular cone 23 are formed, monosymmetric two groups of powder feeding seat 24 autogamys outside cooling-water duct 27; By inner cooling-water duct 32 and outside bilateral powder feeding seat cooling-water duct 27, thereby effective cooling of guaranteeing key component bottom rectangular cone 23 in the nozzle lower body, replaceable rectangle shower nozzle 25 and bilateral symmetry powder feeding seat 24 guarantees the long-time steady operation of this broadband nozzle; The present invention is ad hoc one replaceable rectangle shower nozzle 25 in rectangular light paths end so that just in case when burning in end Stimulated Light reflection replaceable continuation use, guarantee to work long hours.
(2) present embodiment adopts bilateral symmetry broadband powder feeding simultaneously structure, guarantees the broadband laser cladding fore-and-aft direction same sex.Powder feeding structure in bilateral broadband comprises bilateral rectangle powder feeding seat 24 and many to rectangle broadband feeding head 26, bilateral powder feeding seat 24 is connected with cylindrical cone 21, and sturdy construction is inboard through inner cooling-water duct 32 coolings, the outside is by its autogamy cooling-water duct 27 coolings, and the broadband feeding head is cooled off in the interior outside simultaneously.Wedge shape cavity is opened in powder feeding seat 24 inside, lay rectangle broadband feeding head 26 in the cavity, feeding head top is the external powder inlet, the feeding head center has fan type wedging method, fan type wedging method 28 backs that it is unique that the column type powder that enters from feeding head top is flowed through form uniform linear broadband powder stream, spray from the feeding head end.Monosymmetric broadband powder stream converges the back and forms linear broadband powder stream, makes broadband laser cladding fore-and-aft direction cladding performance unanimity.Realize the powder feeding of 10～30mm hierarchical broadband by the rectangle broadband feeding head of changing four groups of different fan type wedging method 28 exit widths.
(3) present embodiment adopts binary to divide body structure, and the upper body realizes connecting with the transition of various Laser Processing working heads with screw thread, and this nozzle can be realized being connected with any Laser Processing working head easily.Adopt the button lobe to connect between the last lower body, realize the flexible vertical Multi Loading and Unloading Functions of split, the nozzle lower body can vertically break away from processing head easily and carry out necessary adjustment, cleaning, installation focus lamp etc., and powder, gas, water route pipeline can not twine during loading and unloading.Realize accurately location by the boss of inner thread sleeve 12 lower ends with the groove on outer cone 21 centres during installation.
(4) double- deck screw shell 11 and 12 basic structures are adopted in present embodiment nozzle upper body, regulate the defocusing amount step-less adjustment of thread barrel 13 realization ± 10mm by rotation; The nozzle lower body moves vertically and does not rotate when guaranteeing to regulate by locating wedge in external thread sleeve 11 inboards and the locating slot in the inner thread sleeve 12, guarantees the uniformity of broadband powder feeding and broad band laser bundle.
(5) lower end of replaceable rectangle shower nozzle 25 in the end of present embodiment broadband nozzle and rectangle broadband, both sides feeding head 26 is designed to a reverse cone structure towards work piece, harmful laser energy that surface of the work not only can be reflected is reflect focalization melt back pond again, improve the utilization rate of laser beam energy, and the powder of surface of the work bounce-back and sputter can also be flowed reflected back molten bath again, improve the utilization rate of powder.
(6) the interior cooling-water duct 32 formed by outer cone 21 and bottom rectangular cone 23 of present embodiment broadband nozzle lower body and the outside cooling-water duct 27 of bilateral symmetry powder feeding seat 24 autogamys; guarantee good water cooling performance; nozzle can worked from the nearer distance of workpiece, and the rectangular shaft that is made of intermediate rectangular body 22 and bottom rectangular cone 23 all can form good gas shield environment to the high temperature weld pool surface to the inert gas of protection gas passage 31 and rectangle broadband, both sides feeding head 26.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetry powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle is made up of the upper body that is coupled to each other and lower body two parts; It is characterized in that two groups of powder feeding seats (24) that this lower body comprises the cylindrical cone (21), intermediate rectangular body (22), bottom rectangular cone (23), replaceable rectangle shower nozzle (25) of coaxial setting, be made of array rectangle broadband feeding head (26) and cooling-water duct (27) are formed; Wherein, said intermediate rectangular body (22) is arranged between cylindrical cone (21), the bottom rectangular cone (23), said bottom rectangular cone (23) extension downwards links to each other with replaceable rectangle shower nozzle (25), and said two groups of powder feeding seats (24) symmetry is installed in the both sides of cylindrical cone (21) bottom and replaceable rectangle shower nozzle (25) outside; Said powder feeding seat (24) inside is wedge shape cavity, the inside of said array rectangle broadband feeding head (26) is sector structure, its outlet has different in width, its external dimensions closely contacts with the measure-alike of powder feeding seat (24) inner wedge cavity and with powder feeding seat (24) cavity, and said cooling-water duct (27) is located at powder feeding seat (24) the cavity outside.
2, adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetry powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that form cavity between said cylindrical cone (21) and the bottom rectangular cone (23), this cavity is inner cooling-water duct (32); Form the rectangle board splitter between said intermediate rectangular body (22) and the bottom rectangular cone (23), this board splitter is axially to protect gas passage (31); Said intermediate rectangular body (22) center is the rectangular cone cavity, and this rectangular cone cavity is path channels (30).
3, adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetry powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, said upper body is placed in the inner thread sleeve (12) in it and is arranged on the middle adjusting thread barrel (23) of internal and external threads sleeve and formed by external thread sleeve (11); This external thread sleeve, inner thread sleeve and adjusting screw thread are formed directed vertically defocusing amount governor motion.
4, adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetry powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, said going up adopts the button lobe to connect between the lower body, the button of this button lobe is fixed on the lower end of upper body inner thread sleeve (12), and lobe is fixed on down on the external cone (21).
5, adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetry powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that there is a boss said upper body inner thread sleeve (12) lower end, and lower body cone (21) has a groove on the centre.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011101326A CN1139455C (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2001-03-30 | Adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetrical powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011101326A CN1139455C (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2001-03-30 | Adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetrical powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1319459A CN1319459A (en) | 2001-10-31 |
| CN1139455C true CN1139455C (en) | 2004-02-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB011101326A Expired - Fee Related CN1139455C (en) | 2001-03-30 | 2001-03-30 | Adjustable wide-band bidirectional symmetrical powder-feeding laser melting-painting nozzle |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101321601B (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2011-05-11 | 通快机床两合公司 | Laser processing nozzle |
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| WO2009019976A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Laser working nozzle |
| CN101274390B (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2010-12-01 | 沈阳航空工业学院 | Coaxial nozzle system for laser rapid forming |
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| CN102061467A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2011-05-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Adjustable laser coaxial powder-feeding nozzle |
| CN103334101B (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2015-05-20 | 张家港市和昊激光科技有限公司 | Coaxial nozzle for laser cladding |
| CN102828178B (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2014-05-28 | 张家港市和昊激光科技有限公司 | Coaxial nozzle for laser cladding |
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| WO2019166473A1 (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2019-09-06 | Oerlikon Metco Ag, Wohlen | Plasma nozzle for a thermal spray gun and method of making and utilizing the same |
| CN111347171A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-30 | 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 | Combined type laser processing device |
| CN113308691B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2023-05-26 | 安徽淮海奥可装备再制造有限公司 | Laser cladding head for plane remanufacturing and manufacturing method thereof |
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2001
- 2001-03-30 CN CNB011101326A patent/CN1139455C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101321601B (en) * | 2005-11-25 | 2011-05-11 | 通快机床两合公司 | Laser processing nozzle |
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| CN1319459A (en) | 2001-10-31 |
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