CN1188566C - 作为无衬里的鞋帮的带涂层非织造织物 - Google Patents

作为无衬里的鞋帮的带涂层非织造织物 Download PDF

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CN1188566C
CN1188566C CNB018121985A CN01812198A CN1188566C CN 1188566 C CN1188566 C CN 1188566C CN B018121985 A CNB018121985 A CN B018121985A CN 01812198 A CN01812198 A CN 01812198A CN 1188566 C CN1188566 C CN 1188566C
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fabric
coating
shoe
coated
pucf
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CN1440477A (zh
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K·奥哈雷
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B1/00—Footwear characterised by the material
    • A43B1/02—Footwear characterised by the material made of fibres or fabrics made therefrom
    • A43B1/028—Synthetic or artificial fibres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B23/00—Uppers; Boot legs; Stiffeners; Other single parts of footwear
    • A43B23/02—Uppers; Boot legs
    • A43B23/0205—Uppers; Boot legs characterised by the material
    • A43B23/0215—Plastics or artificial leather
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B23/00—Uppers; Boot legs; Stiffeners; Other single parts of footwear
    • A43B23/02—Uppers; Boot legs
    • A43B23/0245—Uppers; Boot legs characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B23/026—Laminated layers
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    • D06N3/06—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
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Abstract

一种层合物，它包括点状热轧粘合的非织造基底织物和在基底织物至少一面上的聚氨酯或聚氯乙烯涂层，以及由这种层合物做成的鞋类的鞋帮，在这里该鞋帮还具有鞋类衬里的功能。

Description

作为无衬里的鞋帮的带涂层非织造织物
发明背景
1.发明领域
本发明涉及带涂层的非织造织物作为鞋组件的用途。
2.技术背景
许多种材料都可作为鞋类的组件。皮革可能是最古老也是最著名的用于鞋类的材料。众所周知，皮革既可作为里衬也可作为鞋帮。人造革和其它一些人造材料也可用于制作鞋帮，在低档次鞋中尤其如此。但事实上，典型地这些鞋类不带里衬，但它们不如带里衬的舒服。就鞋类领域来说，鞋帮是指鞋或靴的一部分，它位于鞋底的上部，全部或部分包住穿戴者的足部。本说明书以下内容中，通常术语“鞋”即可理解为是指“鞋类”。
聚氨酯涂层织物(PUCF)用于制鞋，且大约占女鞋鞋帮材料的一半。在男鞋和童鞋中虽然较低，但也占有相当的比例。PUCF制成的鞋通常有独立的里衬。PUCF分为两个主要类别：转移型PUCF和凝固型PUCF。转移型PUCF通常被认为是传统的PUCF，因为它们是最早被引入的。其制造工艺有时被称作干式工艺。凝固型是由湿式工艺制成的，这在浸渍凝固法中更是如此。
转移涂层织物通常含有棉或聚酯/棉混纺的基底织物，以及用粘合剂粘上的PU表层。涂层通常是厚约0.025-0.05mm的聚合物膜，基底织物为4×1斜纹织物结构。PU表层有两个功能：使织物看上去具有吸引力，避免鞋穿起来僵硬。凝固型PUCF是基于对既有透气性而又具价格竞争力的鞋帮材料的需要上发展起来的。它具有多种超过涂层PUCF的优点，比如：良好的手感，吸引人的外表以及不磨损的特点。
凝固型PUCF有两类：浸渍凝固和表面凝固。浸渍凝固法在欧洲和北美应用最广，而表面凝固法在亚洲和太平洋沿岸应用最广。凝固型PUCF的主要特点是将基底织物完全浸入到粘性PU溶液中，使之渗入并涂覆基底织物。
尽管目前PUCF流行，但市场上最早的涂层织物是聚氯乙烯(PVC)涂层型。这种材料的结构由带增塑聚氯乙烯涂层的纺织、编织或非织造基底织物组成，它们既可为实心型，也可为多孔型。
尽管典型情况下PUCF使用纺织型基底织物，但非织造织物的应用正逐渐增加，特别是在浸渍凝固型PUCF中。非织造织物的优点包括：强度更高，更抗撕扯，在经纬方向上更均匀，非织造织物中的经纬方向分别对应于横向和纵向。
发明详述
点状热轧粘合的非织造织物被广泛用作鞋的里衬。然而，现在发现带聚氨酯或聚氯乙烯涂层的点状热轧粘合非织造材料层合物在鞋类中具有更广泛的应用。术语“层合物”在这里指一个层样结构，其中聚合物被涂到织物表面。然而，令人惊奇地发现，如此处公开涂覆基底织物，所得材料可具有双重应用功能，即既可作为鞋帮也可作为鞋里衬。
Cambrelle，可从E.I.du Pont de Nemours公司，Wilmington，DE购得，它是基底织物的极佳候选材料。Cambrelle由常规生产的，双组份聚酰胺纤维加工成网状并经点状热轧粘合制成。典型纤维包括尼龙6常规纤维，尼龙66常规纤维，尼龙6/尼龙66鞘/芯型常规纤维，及其混纺物。众所周知，Cambrelle作为鞋衬里具有极佳的特性，比如：透水汽，干得快，舒适耐用。Cambrelle还有其它特性，使它能作为理想的鞋帮基底织物，比如：强度，耐用性，可染色性以及当与其它材料一同裁剪时保持其清晰边缘的能力。
通过使用其它涂层织物中类似的工艺，将诸如聚氨酯(PU)或聚氯乙烯(PVC)等材料涂覆非织造基底织物，从而制造出本发明织物。当材料，如Cambrelle被用作鞋衬里时，鞋帮已由其它材料制成。现在用本发明的织物可以明显地节约材料和时间，因为一块该材料就可同时取代鞋帮和衬里，即起二合一组件的作用。
本发明的织物可由多种不同的方法制成，正如上面提到的和下面将要进一步描述的，特别是转移法和凝固法(同时包括浸渍凝固并包括表面凝固)。PVC涂层织物(PVCCFs)也是通过转移法制成的。
凝固型PUCF
有两种类型的凝固型PUCF；浸渍凝固型和表面凝固型。浸渍凝固型PUCF的主要特点是基底织物完全浸入粘性PU溶液中，它渗入并涂覆到织物上。
浸渍凝固型PUCF生产工艺的步骤描述如下。将织物浸入(或浸透)一系列盛有聚氨酯溶液的容器中，通常用二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)作为溶剂。浸入第一个容器之后，浸入第二个容器之前，通常用轧辊去除多余的PU，然后用刀或刮刀控制最终PU涂覆量。常用涂覆溶液具有低粘度，并且通常含有不到15％的PU，这可根据所需最终涂覆量略作改变。除非另外提到，整个申请中的百分比和份数均以重量计。浸透的织物经过一系列盛有溶剂/水混合物的容器，其中溶剂浓度逐渐下降，直至最后一个容器仅盛有水。
在此阶段，凝固型织物经加热去除任何残留的溶剂，并在最后洗涤、干燥和卷起之前经滚筒碾压。通常以转移涂布工艺结束，其中凝固基底织物完全取代了有凸起花纹的机织布。另外，PU表层可通过喷雾、压印或这些方法的组合而制成。
对于表面凝固型PUCF，PU溶液仅(用刮刀)涂到织物的一侧，但接下来的凝固和结束与浸渍凝固一样。因此，对于表面凝固型材料，基底织物在材料的一侧可以看见。值得注意的是，尽管浸渍凝固法可以涂布非织造织物的两面，但在该工艺中优选只涂一侧。
转移涂层织物
通常可得到的聚氨酯是溶于溶剂中的25％-40％的聚合物溶液，溶剂通常为一份二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和两份甲基乙基酮(MEK)的混合物。PU含有两种组分，预聚物和功能性异氰酸酯，它们发生化学反应形成硬质、交联、弹性体聚合物，分子量大约为30,000-40,000。
将制备好的PU溶液涂到隔离纸，它为涂层织物提供压纹或表面效应。在转移涂层工艺中隔离纸卷轴展开进第一个涂层起始处，并从涂覆刀下经过。PU液保持足够高的粘稠度，使之刚好能在刀前方被浇注到起支持作用的隔离纸上。由于隔离纸移动经过涂覆刀，涂层混合物积聚在刀片后并涂覆到其下方的隔离纸上。
接下来涂好的转移纸经过一个干燥烘箱，在此送风机将热风吹到在下方移动的涂层纸上。在入口处，温度范围通常为60-80℃，在出口处增加到120-160℃。这个温度范围确保几乎所有使用的溶剂都被蒸掉。
织物从涂覆线的滚轴上取下，并用一系列自动辊将其压到粘性的涂覆PU表面膜上。涂层织物层合物经过另一个干燥烘箱去除粘合剂溶剂并加强粘合。在绝大多数转移涂层工艺中烘箱温度设置通常不超过150℃。
在第二个烘箱中经过充分干燥后，涂层织物经过钢辊冷却，当其达到合适的温度时将隔离纸从PUCF上分离开并重新卷上。
背部带涂层的PUCF本质上是一种传统的转移涂层材料，其反面已用聚氨酯或丙烯酸树脂涂层处理。这种涂层薄(大约0.05mm)不会渗透织物，而只是提供凝固型PUCF的外观。
乙烯聚合物型涂层织物
典型的PVC配方包括PVC聚合物、增塑剂、稳定剂、吸潮剂、颜料，在多孔型PVC中还有发泡剂。所用增塑剂通常是邻苯二甲酸基的，例如，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯或不同邻苯二甲酸酯的混合物。化合物一准备好，即可开始制作PVC涂层织物。它的技术路线基本上与在PUCF中描述的转移涂层工艺相同。首先用刮刀将表面涂层涂到隔离纸上，然后在150℃凝胶化。
下一步是将中间(通常膨胀)层涂到带涂层的隔离纸上。这通常在150℃下进行使涂层凝胶化但不膨胀，因为这个温度太低。通常这一层比表层厚。
第三步是在层合基底织物之前将粘结层涂到膨胀层上。粘结涂层常常由膨胀PVC材料组成。当粘结层还湿着时，用轧辊将织物压到其上，然后放入最后一个烘箱中。
PVC结构是在最后一个烘箱中通过材料的膨化和卷曲达到的。该烘箱的入口处通常设置在150℃以获得粘合层。膨胀层在180-200℃的烘箱中部膨化而成。该工艺在200-220℃的烘箱远端完成。

Claims (3)

1.一种鞋类的鞋帮，包含基底织物和基底织物的至少一个表面上的涂层，其中基底织物是点状热轧粘合的非织造织物，且涂层选自聚氨酯和聚氯乙烯，并且其中该鞋帮还具有衬里的功能。
2.一种鞋类的鞋帮，包含点状热轧粘合的非织造基底织物，在基底织物的至少一个表面上涂布一种材料，并且其中所述材料浸渍透过织物的内部，所述材料选自聚氨酯和聚氯乙烯，并且其中该鞋帮还具有衬里的功能。
3.权利要求1或2的鞋帮，其中所述基底织物包含选自下列的纤维：尼龙6常规纤维，尼龙66常规纤维，尼龙6/尼龙66鞘/芯型常规纤维，及其混纺物。
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