CN1185921C - Culture medium and industrial production technology for Benzhandi mushroom - Google Patents
Culture medium and industrial production technology for Benzhandi mushroom Download PDFInfo
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- CN1185921C CN1185921C CN 02130002 CN02130002A CN1185921C CN 1185921 C CN1185921 C CN 1185921C CN 02130002 CN02130002 CN 02130002 CN 02130002 A CN02130002 A CN 02130002A CN 1185921 C CN1185921 C CN 1185921C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a culture medium and an industrial production technology for Hypsizgus marmoreus. The culture medium is composed of raw material and water, wherein the raw material comprises (weight percentage content) 28-48% of wood dust, 15-25% of rice bran, 13-17% of cotton cottonseed hulls, 12-14% of corn cobs, 2-4% of maize flour, 8-10% of bran and 1-2% of slaked lime. In the manufacture, the present invention adopts the solid culture medium, and the growth condition is controlled as follows: the temperature is 21-23 DEG C, the moisture content is 65-70%, the light irradiation is 50-80Lux and eight hours/day, and the concentration of CO2 is 3000PPM in culture phase; the temperature is 23-25 DEG C, the moisture content is 65-70%, the light irradiation is 50-80Lux and eight hours/day, and the concentration of CO2 is 3000PPM in mature phase; the temperature is 15-16 DEG C, the moisture content is 92-95%, the light irradiation is 100Lux and 12-14 hours/day, and the concentration of CO2 is 3000PPM in germination phase; the temperature is 14-15 DEG C, the moisture content is 90%, the light irradiation is 200-500Lux and 8-10 hours/day, and the concentration of CO2 is 2000 PPM in breeding phase. With the adoption of the culture medium and the production technology of the present invention, the material cost can be reduced, the production period is shortened, and the product of the Hypsizgus marmoreus with high and stable yield and high quality can be produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medium and the industrialized producing technology of this occupation of land mushroom.
Background technology
This occupation of land mushroom (Hypsizgus marmoreus) belongs to load subphylum, Hymenomycetes, white mushroom section, beautiful gill fungus genus on taxonomy.Japan Block ラ シ メ ジ by name.This bacterial classification is all available in Japanology department and manufacturer.This occupation of land mushroom is rare edible mushroom, has multiple functions such as antifatigue, anoxia enduring, reducing blood lipid and enhancing body immunity.
The prescription of producing the medium of this occupation of land mushroom at present is: following raw material is housed in the 850ml bottle, 1 liter of wood chip, rice bran 52 grams, Testa Glycines 40 grams, activating agent 2.5 grams, wheat bran 10 grams, corncob 30 grams, boll hull 20 grams, raw material is mixed with water, be mixed with solid culture medium again.Existing industrialized producing technology that takes up an area of mushroom is: composts or fertilisers of cultivating mixing → bottling → sterilization → inoculation → cultivation → maturation → sprout → grow → gather in the crops → pack → dispatch from the factory.The per pass operation all adopts the plant equipment effect, the condition that each vegetative stage of Automatic Control is required.Its advantage is production stay in grade, output height, every bottle of per unit area yield 150 grams.But exist following shortcoming: 1. all operating process is big to the dependence of machinery, in the whole production line, if there is a kind of machinery to break down, will influence ordinary production, and domestic nothing this professed machine manufacturer, not easy-maintaining; Its two, this production technology only can be suitable for bottled production, and can not be suitable for packed production; 3. investment is big, and the factory of 450,000 bottles of scales needs 1,100 ten thousand yuans of investments; Since produce aspects such as the region in raw material that this occupations of land mushroom adopts, the place of production and weather conditions and
In state-owned very big-difference, and this occupation of land mushroom requires very strictly to environmental condition, therefore existingly produce the culture medium prescription of this occupations of land mushroom employing, the growth conditions of required control etc. and all be not suitable for producing in China.
" the scientific and technological novelty assessment report " provided according to the search report and the intelligence technology center, Guangdong at State Intellectual Property Office patent information center shows, though domestic have unit to plant experimentally success and research edible mushroom suitability for industrialized production technology from external introduction edible fungus variety, but all different with the culture medium prescription of the kind of this project introduction, the production domesticization industrial production new technology of developing and uniqueness, do not see the pertinent literature report that other is arranged yet.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to develop this occupation of land mushroom culture medium that is fit to Chinese raw material resources, can makes high and stable yields of this occupation of land mushroom and good product quality.
Second purpose of the present invention is to improve on the basis of existing production technology, provides a kind of localization, cost is lower and the industrialized producing technology of stable and high yields, this occupation of land mushroom that product quality is high.
First purpose of the present invention is achieved in that of the present invention takes up an area of mushroom culture medium and be made up of raw material and water, the weight percentage of water is 63-66%, raw material contains following components in weight percentage content, wood chip 28-48%, rice bran 15-25%, boll hull 13-17%, corncob 12-14%, corn flour 2-4%, wheat bran 8-10%, white lime 1-2%.
Take up an area of in the mushroom culture medium at aforementioned, the optimum weight percentage composition of water is 65%, the optimum weight percentage composition of each component is wood chip 33.6%, rice bran 22.7%, boll hull 16%, corncob 13.6%, corn flour 3.6%, wheat bran 9.1%, white lime 1.4% in the raw material simultaneously.
Each component in the medium is taken by weighing and mixes by its weight percentage, promptly make solid culture medium of the present invention.
Each component of raw material is the domestic common agricultural and sideline product that waits in the medium of the present invention.
Second purpose of the present invention is achieved in that of the present invention industrialized producing technology that takes up an area of mushroom, and its production stage comprises that preparation produces solid culture medium, packing, sterilization, inoculation, cultivation, the maturation of usefulness in batches, sprouts, gives birth to, gathers in the crops; The solid culture medium of described batch process usefulness is made up of raw material and water, the weight percentage of water is 63-66%, raw material contains following components in weight percentage content, wood chip 28-48%, rice bran 15-25%, boll hull 13-17%, corncob 12-14%, corn flour 2-4%, wheat bran 8-10%, white lime 1-2%, in aforementioned medium, the optimum weight percentage composition of water is 65%, the optimum weight percentage composition of each component is wood chip 33.6% in the raw material simultaneously, rice bran 22.7%, boll hull 16%, corncob 13.6%, corn flour 3.6%, wheat bran 9.1%, white lime 1.4%; Growth conditions in the different production phases is controlled to be, and the temperature of cultivation stage is 21-23 ℃, and humidity is 65-70%, and illumination is 50-80Lux, 8 hours/day, CO
2Concentration is 3000PPM; The temperature in the stage of ripeness is 23-25 ℃, and humidity is 65-70%, and illumination is 50-80Lux, 8 hours/day, CO
2Concentration is 3000PPM; The temperature in stage of sprouting is 15-16 ℃, and humidity is 92-95%, and illumination is 100Lux, 12-14 hour/day, CO
2Concentration is 2000PPM; The temperature of growing stage is 14-15 ℃, and humidity is 90%, and illumination is 200-500Lux, 8-10 hour/day, CO
2Concentration is 2000PPM.
This occupation of land mushroom strains among the present invention is all available in Japanology department and manufacturer.Before the bacterial classification of seed selection domestication is used for producing in batches, promptly in suitability for industrialized production, before this step of inoculation, to carry out spawn culture earlier, promptly bacterial classification be carried out progressively enlarged culture.Spawn culture comprised for two steps: the first step is this occupation of land mushroom strains to be inoculated on the semi-solid slant medium cultivate into slant strains, the prescription that semi-solid slant medium preferably adopts the inventor to invent, it is the component that raw material contains following parts by weight, potato 20-25 part, plum 15-20 part, agar 2-2.2 part, 2 parts of sucrose, peptone 0.1-0.3 part, 0.2 part in magnesium sulfate, 100 parts in water, on this medium, this occupation of land mushroom mycelial growth is sturdy, dense, energetic, anti-aging, not only be suitable for this occupation of land mushroom, to other mushroom kind such as Asparagus, Hericium erinaceus, flat mushroom, phoenix-tail mushroom, mushroom, multiple eating bacterium kinds such as auricularia auriculajudae all show excellent characteristic; Second step was slant strains to be inoculated cultivate into solid spawn in the film solid media, and the prescription of this solid culture based raw material is identical with the composition of raw materials of the solid culture medium of aforementioned batch process usefulness.
Technique effect of the present invention is: medium of the present invention is compared with existing medium, does not contain chemical reagent in the raw material, is the nature thing entirely, and the cost of raw material reduces greatly, and the mycelium germination time is shorter, and the quality height of product.Industrialized producing technology of the present invention is compared with existing manufacturing technique, can adopt bottled and packed dual mode to produce, and the production cycle shortens, and production cost reduces greatly, and the equating of specific yield and existing technology.The present invention now can stably carry out large-scale production in my company; 4000 bottles (bag) of average daily at present production; produce 450 kilograms in bright mushroom daily, per unit area yield index every bottle (bag) is produced mushroom 150 grams, and quality requirements such as the quality of product and outward appearance all do not have difference with Japanese quality standard.And the total investment of the packed suitability for industrialized production of plastics of the present invention also has only 1/3rd of the bottled suitability for industrialized production investment of the equal scale of Japan, and production cost is half of Japanese like product cost.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the photo of this occupation of land mushroom of the packed production of the present invention.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the photos of this occupation of land mushroom of the bottled production of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the photo of this occupation of land mushroom of Japan's production.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Embodiment one is a most preferred embodiment of the present invention, and its industrialized producing technology is as described below:
1. spawn culture:
This occupation of land mushroom strains is carried out progressively enlarged culture, in this program, at first prepare semi-solid slant medium, take by weighing 200 gram potatoes earlier, 150 gram plums, put into 1000 ml water liquors, filter and remove residue, add water again and be supplemented to 1000 milliliters, add 20 gram agar then, 20 gram sucrose, 1 gram peptone, 2 gram magnesium sulfate, be loaded in the test tube after dissolving, make semi-solid slant medium after the sterilization, treat that fully this occupation of land mushroom strains is inserted in the cooling back, place under 25 ℃ of temperature cultivated 15 days slant strains, again this bacterial classification inoculation is gone in the solid culture medium to cultivate, solid culture medium is with the about 0.8 litre bits of 74g, 50 grammeter chaffs, 20 gram wheat brans, 30 gram corncobs, 8 gram corn flour, 35 gram boll hulls, 3 gram white limes add the water mixing, make moisture content in medium be controlled at 65%, slant strains is inserted in the middle sterilization cooling of the bottle (850ml bottle) of packing into then back, and cultivation promptly became the solid spawn that can be used for producing in enormous quantities in about 48 days under 25 ℃ of conditions.
2. commercial process:
After breeding strain is finished, can enter batch process, pressing the component of column weight amount earlier mixes, be mixed with the solid culture medium of producing usefulness in batches: take by weighing about 0.8 liter of wood chip 74g, 50 grammeter chaffs, 20 gram wheat brans, 30 gram corncobs, 8 gram corn flour, 35 gram boll hulls, 3 gram white limes, adding 410g water mixes, promptly be mixed with water content and be 65% solid culture medium, the solid culture medium for preparing is packed in the 850ml plastic bottle, can prepare some bottles according to output, the plastic bottle sterilization 1 day of medium will have been adorned, this occupation of land mushroom strains of cultivating is successfully inserted in the cooling back, places 21-23 ℃ of temperature, humidity 65-70%, illumination 50-80Lux, 8 hours/day, CO
2Concentration is to cultivate in the culturing room of 3000PPM, and this stage is cultivation stage, about 40-45 days, then blake bottle is moved into 23-25 ℃, humidity 65-70%, illumination 50-80Lux, 8 hours/day, CO
2Cultivated in the maturing chamber of concentration 3000PPM 45 days, this process is the stage of ripeness again.Next step will be cultivated ripe blake bottle and carry out the mycelium stimulation processing, be about to media surface and scratch into the steamed bun type, be convenient to concentrate and sprout, this mycelium stimulation process only needs one day, and the step is 15-16 ℃ of the temperature of blake bottle immigration that will scratch bacterium, humidity 92-95%, illumination 100Lux, 12-14 hour/day, CO down again
2Carried out in the chamber of sprouting of concentration 2000PPM vernalization 13-15 days, this process is for sprouting, and the blake bottle that will grow bud at last moves into 14-15 ℃ of temperature, humidity 90%, illumination 200-500Lux, 8-10 hour/day, CO
2In the fertility chamber of concentration 2000PPM, the growth through 14-15 days has promptly grown required this occupation of land of product mushroom, and this stage is a growing stage, gathers in the crops product at last, promptly finishes the overall process of this occupation of land mushroom suitability for industrialized production.
Compare present embodiment as follows with Japanese existing medium and industrialized producing technology:
1. the comparison of semi-solid slant medium:
| Raw material is formed (parts by weight that add in 100 parts of water) | Mycelial growth rate | The mycelia color and luster | Growing way | The edible mushroom kind that adapts to | Commentaries on classics is for sprout time | |
| The existing medium of Japan | Potato 20, sucrose 2, agar 2, MgSO 40.2 | 1.5mm/ my god | White | Rare loosing | 12 kinds | 3 days |
| The medium that the present invention adopts | Omit (seeing embodiment one) | 3mm/ days | White band gloss | Dense | 25 kinds | 2 days |
2. the suitability for industrialized production comparison of solid culture medium:
| Raw material is formed gram/bottle (850 milliliters) | Every bottle of cost of raw material | Every bottle of per unit area yield | Production cycle (dispatching from the factory) from being inoculated into | Characteristics | Growth characteristic | |
| Day basal culture medium | 1 liter of wood chip, rice bran 52 grams, Testa Glycines 40 grams, activating agent 2.5 grams, wheat bran 10 grams, corncob 30 grams, boll hull 20 grams | 0.65 unit | 150 grams | 120～140 days | Contain chemical reagent | Sprouted in 3 days |
| Solid culture medium of the present invention | 0.8 liter of wood chip, rice bran 50 grams, wheat bran 20 grams, corncob 30 grams, corn flour 8 grams, boll hull 35 grams, white lime 3 grams | 0.22 unit | 150 grams | 110～125 days | The nature thing | Sprouted in 2 days |
3. production technology is relatively:
| Equipment source | The mode of production | 450,000 bottles of production-scale investments | Production cycle | Production cost (the bright mushroom of per kilogram) | Specific yield | |
| Japan's production technology | Japan | Bottled a kind of | 1,100 ten thousand yuan | 120～140 days | 28 yuan/kilogram | 150 gram/bottles |
| Production technology of the present invention | China | Bottle (bag) is adorned two kinds | 3,500,000 yuan | 110～125 days | 16 yuan/kilogram | 150 gram/bottles, 150 gram/bags |
4. the comparison of quality such as the quality of this occupation of land mushroom product and outward appearance: this occupation of land mushroom product quality that employing the present invention produces does not have difference with the quality standard of Japan, shown in the photo of Fig. 1 to 4.
Embodiment two, embodiment three are with the difference of embodiment one: the solid culture medium that adopts in semi-solid slant medium, solid culture medium and the batch production process that embodiment two, embodiment three adopt in spawn culture is different with embodiment one, and all the other technologies are identical with embodiment one, can finish the overall process of this occupation of land of suitability for industrialized production commodity mushroom.Its difference is described below.
Embodiment two:
The semi-solid slant medium that adopts in spawn culture is as follows: take by weighing 250 gram potatoes, 200 gram plums, put into 1000 ml water liquors, filter and remove residue, add water again and be supplemented to 1000 milliliters, add 22 gram agar, 20 gram sucrose, 3 gram peptones, 2 gram magnesium sulfate then, be loaded on after dissolving in the test tube, make semi-solid slant medium after the sterilization.
The solid culture medium that adopts in the solid culture medium that adopts in spawn culture and the following batch production process is identical.
The solid culture medium that adopts in batch production process is: every bottle (850ml) presses the amount of 410 milliliters of wood chip 105.6 grams, rice bran 33 grams, boll hull 28.6 grams, corncob 26.4 grams, corn flour 4.4 grams, wheat bran 17.6 grams, white lime 2.2 grams, water, be mixed with water content and be 65% solid culture medium, again according to the some bottles of needed output preparation every day.
Embodiment three:
The semi-solid slant medium that adopts in spawn culture is as follows: take by weighing 220 gram potatoes, 180 gram plums, put into 1000 ml water liquors, filter and remove residue, add water again and be supplemented to 1000 milliliters, add 18 gram agar, 20 gram sucrose, 2 gram peptones, 2 gram magnesium sulfate then, be loaded on after dissolving in the test tube, make semi-solid slant medium after the sterilization.
The solid culture medium that adopts in the solid culture medium that adopts in spawn culture and the following batch production process is identical.
The solid culture medium that adopts in batch production process is: every bottle (850ml) presses wood chip 61.6 grams, rice bran 55 grams, boll hull 37.4 grams, corncob 30.8 grams, corn flour 8.8 grams, wheat bran 22 grams, white lime 4.4 grams, the amount that water is 410 milliliters, be mixed with water content and be 65% solid culture medium, again according to the some bottles of needed output preparation every day.
Claims (6)
1. the medium of this occupation of land mushroom, form by raw material and water, it is characterized in that: the weight percentage of water is 63-66%, raw material contains following components in weight percentage content, wood chip 28-48%, rice bran 15-25%, boll hull 13-17%, corncob 12-14%, corn flour 2-4%, wheat bran 8-10%, white lime 1-2%.
2. according to claim 1 medium that takes up an area of mushroom, it is characterized in that: the weight percentage of water is 65%, the weight percentage of each component is wood chip 33.6%, rice bran 22.7%, boll hull 16%, corncob 13.6%, corn flour 3.6%, wheat bran 9.1%, white lime 1.4% in the raw material simultaneously.
3. this occupation of land mushroom industrialized producing technology that adopts the described medium of claim 1, its production stage comprises that preparation produces solid culture medium, packing, sterilization, inoculation, cultivation, the maturation of usefulness in batches, sprouts, gives birth to, gathers in the crops, it is characterized in that: the solid culture medium of producing usefulness in batches is made up of raw material and water, the weight percentage of water is 63-66%, raw material contains following components in weight percentage content, wood chip 28-48%, rice bran 15-25%, boll hull 13-17%, corncob 12-14%, corn flour 2-4%, wheat bran 8-10%, white lime 1-2%; The growth conditions of different production phases is controlled to be, and the temperature of cultivation stage is 21-23 ℃, and humidity is 65-70%, and illumination is 50-80Lux, 8 hours/day, CO
2Concentration is 3000PPM; The temperature in the stage of ripeness is 23-25 ℃, and humidity is 65-70%, and illumination is 50-80Lux, 8 hours/day, CO
2Concentration is 3000PPM; The temperature in stage of sprouting is 15-16 ℃, and humidity is 92-95%, and illumination is 100Lux, 12-14 hour/day, CO
2Concentration is 2000PPM; The temperature of growing stage is 14-15 ℃, and humidity is 90%, and illumination is 200-500Lux, 8-10 hour/day, CO
2Concentration is 2000PPM.
4. according to claim 3 takes up an area of the mushroom industrialized producing technology, it is characterized in that: the weight percentage of water is 65% in the solid culture medium of described batch process usefulness, the weight percentage of each component is wood chip 33.6%, rice bran 22.7%, boll hull 16%, corncob 13.6%, corn flour 3.6%, wheat bran 9.1%, white lime 1.4% in the raw material simultaneously.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described industrialized producing technologies that take up an area of mushroom, it is characterized in that: before described inoculation, carry out spawn culture earlier, comprised for two steps, the first step is this occupation of land mushroom strains to be inoculated on the semi-solid slant medium cultivate into slant strains, second step was slant strains to be inoculated cultivate into solid spawn in the film solid media, and this film solid media is identical with the solid culture medium of producing usefulness in batches.
6. according to claim 5 industrialized producing technology that takes up an area of mushroom, it is characterized in that: the parts by weight of described semi-solid slant medium consist of, potato 20-25 part, plum 15-20 part, agar 2-2.2 part, 2 parts of sucrose, peptone 0.1-0.3 part, 0.2 part in magnesium sulfate, 100 parts in water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02130002 CN1185921C (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2002-08-09 | Culture medium and industrial production technology for Benzhandi mushroom |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02130002 CN1185921C (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2002-08-09 | Culture medium and industrial production technology for Benzhandi mushroom |
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| CN1397157A CN1397157A (en) | 2003-02-19 |
| CN1185921C true CN1185921C (en) | 2005-01-26 |
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| CN 02130002 Expired - Fee Related CN1185921C (en) | 2002-08-09 | 2002-08-09 | Culture medium and industrial production technology for Benzhandi mushroom |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100431402C (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2008-11-12 | 上海丰科生物科技股份有限公司 | Cultivation of brown crab-flavor mushroom |
| KR20100061386A (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-07 | 다카라 바이오 가부시키가이샤 | Fungal bed cultivation method of hon-shimeji mushroom |
| CN104316478A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-28 | 福建农林大学 | Determination method of hypsizigus marmoreus fungi pack ripeness |
| CN105706936B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-11-24 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method of organic curing matrix tissue culture roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud |
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Owner name: HUIZHOU TIANXUN BIOLOGICAL FOOD CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: TIANXUN BIOLOGIC FOOD DEVELOPMENT CO LTD, SHENZHEN CITY Effective date: 20121018 |
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Effective date of registration: 20121018 Address after: Fan and Management District Huidong County town, Guangdong city of Huizhou Province Ren 516347 Patentee after: Huizhou mushroom biological food Co., Ltd. Address before: 518029, 10 floor, Bagua Road, Bagualing Industrial Zone, Shenzhen, Guangdong, Futian District, 4 Patentee before: Tianxun Biologic Food Development Co Ltd, Shenzhen City |
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