CN118490648A - 一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118490648A CN118490648A CN202410528849.XA CN202410528849A CN118490648A CN 118490648 A CN118490648 A CN 118490648A CN 202410528849 A CN202410528849 A CN 202410528849A CN 118490648 A CN118490648 A CN 118490648A
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- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- piperacillin
- tazobactam
- tazobactam sodium
- gelatin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- NDIURPSCHWTXDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)acetohydrazide Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC(=O)NN)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1OC NDIURPSCHWTXDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229960000373 tazobactam sodium Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- WCMIIGXFCMNQDS-IDYPWDAWSA-M piperacillin sodium Chemical compound [Na+].O=C1C(=O)N(CC)CCN1C(=O)N[C@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2[C@@H](C([O-])=O)C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21 WCMIIGXFCMNQDS-IDYPWDAWSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229960005264 piperacillin sodium Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
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- TUPFOYXHAYOHIB-YCAIQWGJSA-M sodium;(2s,5r,6r)-6-[[(2r)-2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylate;(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-(triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4$l^{6}-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]h Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@]1(C)S([C@H]2N(C(C2)=O)[C@H]1C(O)=O)(=O)=O)N1C=CN=N1.O=C1C(=O)N(CC)CCN1C(=O)N[C@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2[C@@H](C([O-])=O)C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21 TUPFOYXHAYOHIB-YCAIQWGJSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004201 L-cysteine Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013878 L-cysteine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
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- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/425—Thiazoles
- A61K31/429—Thiazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/43—Compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula, e.g. penicillins, penems
- A61K31/431—Compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula, e.g. penicillins, penems containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. ticarcillin, azlocillin, oxacillin
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
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- A61K47/69—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit
- A61K47/6949—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the conjugate being characterised by physical or galenical forms, e.g. emulsion, particle, inclusion complex, stent or kit inclusion complexes, e.g. clathrates, cavitates or fullerenes
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- A61K9/19—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
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- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法,步骤如下:将去离子水加热,加入明胶条,制得明胶溶液;加入单宁酸,进行交联反应;加入高纯度他唑巴坦钠和木聚糖搅拌均匀,低温环境下冷冻并冷风脱水,得到明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒;将壳聚糖加入乙酸溶液得到壳聚糖乙酸溶液;加入碱液调节pH至5~6,将三聚磷酸钠加入壳聚糖乙酸溶液中得到胶体溶液;将制得的明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒、高纯度哌拉西林钠、羟乙基纤维素和叔丁醇混合均匀,在0‑4℃下加入到胶体溶液中混合均匀,无菌过滤后冷冻干燥,得到哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠。本发明能将有效去除杂质避免引入新的杂质,同时降低产品内的水分含量及引湿性,得到的产品纯度高、质量好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制药技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法。
背景技术
哌拉西林钠是一种半合成青霉素类抗生素,具广谱的抗菌作用,通过抑制细菌细胞壁合成发挥杀菌作用,对大肠埃希菌、变形杆菌属、沙雷菌属、克雷白菌属、肠杆菌属、枸橼酸菌属、沙门菌属和志贺菌属等肠杆菌科细菌,以及铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌属、流感嗜血杆菌、奈瑟菌属等其他革兰阴性菌均具有良好抗菌作用。他唑巴坦钠是系Ⅱ~Ⅴ型β-内酰胺酶抑制剂,抑酶活性较强,可有效抑制各种质粒介导的β-内酰胺酶,包括新超广谱酶和染色体介导的Ⅰ类β-内酰胺酶。同时,他唑巴坦钠也是一种不可逆性β-内酰胺酶的自杀性抑制剂,对由β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药菌株产生的多数重要的β-内酰胺酶具有不可逆性的抑制作用,可防止耐药菌对青霉素类和头孢菌素类抗生素的破坏。
他唑巴坦钠进行相应的保护他唑巴坦钠与哌拉西林钠联合使用时,产生明显的协同作用,广泛用于治疗严重全身性和局部感染、腹腔感染、下呼吸道感染、软组织感染、败血症等,比已使用的其它抗菌复合剂具有更广泛的抗菌谱及适应症,在克服耐药性方面显示了巨大优势。
目前哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠复方制剂,由于没有对活性成分哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠进行有效的保护,两者自身的稳定性较差,导致产品的稳定性差,影响治疗效果。另外,他唑巴坦钠有很强的引湿性,这就导致无论在长期储存过程中,还是在使用过程中,都会由于水分导致其β-内酰胺酶破裂,导致产品含量明显降低、杂质增加等,无法使产品质量得到有效保障。
有鉴于此,特提出本申请。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是现有工艺制备哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠存在着产品杂质多、引湿性强等问题,目的在于提供一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法,能将有效去除杂质避免引入新的杂质,同时降低产品内的水分含量及引湿性,得到的产品纯度高、质量好。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现:
一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将去离子水加热至50~55℃,然后加入明胶条,水浴搅拌至明胶条完全融化制得明胶溶液;
(2)向明胶溶液中加入单宁酸,于45~55℃温度下进行交联反应90~120min;
(3)交联反应完成后依次加入高纯度他唑巴坦钠和木聚糖搅拌均匀,置于-8~-5℃低温环境下冷冻1.5~2天,并于-5~-2℃低温环境下冷风脱水3~4h后,制得明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵,将明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵粉碎至纳米级,得到明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒;
(4)将壳聚糖加入乙酸溶液中直至壳聚糖完全溶解,得到壳聚糖乙酸溶液;
(5)加入碱液调节pH至5~6,然后将三聚磷酸钠加入至壳聚糖乙酸溶液中不断搅拌得到胶体溶液;
(6)然后将制得的明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒、高纯度哌拉西林钠、羟乙基纤维素和叔丁醇混合均匀后,在0-4℃下加入到上述胶体溶液中混合均匀,无菌过滤后冷冻干燥,得到哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠。
本发明首先采用明胶和单宁酸进行交联反应使明胶形成三维网络结构,然后加入他唑巴坦钠和木糖醇,两者能够均匀分布在明胶的三维结构中,从而对他唑巴坦钠形成良好的包覆,然后将明胶风干后形成内部全是孔洞的海绵后,经过粉碎制得明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒,其中,他唑巴坦钠包覆在纳米颗粒内部,同时纳米颗粒本身还具有无数孔洞,因此后续工艺中哌拉西林钠也能够进入纳米颗粒的孔洞中。
他唑巴坦钠包覆完成后,本发明采用壳聚糖与三聚磷酸钠在乙酸溶液中形成胶体溶液后加入高纯度哌拉西林钠,通过壳聚糖和三聚磷酸钠在阴阳离子的静电交联作用下能够将哌拉西林钠、羟乙基纤维素均匀包覆在明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒外部以及纳米颗粒的孔洞中,形成三层包覆结构,其中明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒内含有木聚糖,由于木聚糖和羟乙基纤维素具有较多的羟基、醚氧基、醛基等基团,因此能够与壳聚糖形成氢键作用,从而使壳聚糖对明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒和哌拉西林钠的包覆作用更加紧密,而羟乙基纤维素则可包覆在壳聚糖外部进一步形成一层保护膜,最后通过冷冻干燥得到多层结构的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠组合物。本发明通过明胶、木聚糖、壳聚糖和羟乙基纤维素分别将他唑巴坦钠和哌拉西林钠间隔包覆在内部,能够大大的降低水分对于哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的破坏作用,从而对哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠,使产品质量得到保障。
另外,叔丁醇与同时混合包覆在明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒外,叔丁醇的加入能够提哌拉西林钠的共晶点温度使溶液冻结的温度大幅度得到了提高,一方便缩短了溶液冻结的时间,能够在短短几分钟达到共晶点温度,实现溶液快速冻结,大大降低了杂质在溶液冻结阶段的生成;同时叔丁醇溶液自身在冻结过程中形成的结晶具有较大的表面积,使得在升华干燥时冰晶升华后,能够在内部留下大量管状通道,能够使冰晶内的水蒸气流动阻力大大减小,提高纳米粒内部水分的升华速率,进一步减少杂质生成,降低产品的吸湿性。同时由于聚壳糖、明胶多层结构的有效包覆,也能够降低干燥过程中他唑巴坦钠的吸湿性,避免产生杂质,保证产品的质量。
在某一具体实施方式中,高纯度哌拉西林钠与高纯度他唑巴坦钠的质量比为6-7:1,
在某一具体实施方式中,所述明胶、单宁酸、他唑巴坦钠和木聚糖的质量比为0.8-1.2:0.03-0.08:1:0.2~0.3。
在某一具体实施方式中,所述壳聚糖与三聚磷酸钠的质量比为1:0.12~0.14,所述壳聚糖、高纯度哌拉西林钠、叔丁醇、羟乙基纤维素的质量比为1:6~7:0.3~0.4:0.4-0.5。
在某一具体实施方式中,所述高纯度哌拉西林钠的制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)将哌拉西林钠粗品加入到纯化水中加热搅拌溶解,加入适量碱液调节溶液pH至6.7-6.9,然后向溶液中加入L-半胱氨酸;
2)持续搅拌后加入磁性吸附剂,去除磁性吸附剂,再向滤液中加入乙二胺四乙酸二钠和氯化钠固体,降温析晶、过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度哌拉西林钠。
本发明将哌拉西林钠粗品溶解并加碱液处理后,能够提高哌拉西林钠的溶解度而降低聚合物杂质的溶解,然后向溶液中加入L-半胱氨酸,能够在用磁性吸附剂进行杂质吸附是对哌拉西林钠进行保护,提高杂质的吸附效果。
另外,本发明采用异相成核盐析结晶法,在哌拉西林钠溶液中加入乙二胺四乙酸二钠和氯化钠固体作为晶种,能够起到异相成核引晶盐析的作用,能够定向生成理想晶型,从而避免二次成核和过多细粉产生,增强产品的稳定性;另外乙二胺四乙酸二钠和反应液中的乙酸乙酯配合,能够起到进一步提高降温析晶的效果,更好的减少氨苄西林钠总杂含量、降低吸湿性,同时步骤1)中加入的L-半胱氨酸在析晶时也能同时保护哌拉西林钠,以减少析晶过程中产生的杂质。
在某一具体实施方式中,步骤1)中L-半胱氨酸的加入量为哌拉西林钠的1.1~1.2%,乙二胺四乙酸二钠和氯化钠固体的质量比例为1:0.3~0.4,乙二胺四乙酸二钠和氯化钠固体加入总量为哌拉西林钠的0.8~1.0%;所述磁性吸附剂采用羟基化碳纳米管负载四氧化三铁。
本发明采用羟基化碳纳米管负载四氧化三铁作为吸附剂,羟基化处理的碳纳米管能将哌拉西林钠中的聚合物杂质有效吸附去除,同时避免吸附被L-半胱氨酸保护的哌拉西林钠,其中碳纳米管的特殊纳米结构能够阻止吸附的杂质在溶液中解吸附,从而能够降低哌拉西林钠产品中的杂质含量,同时负载的磁性粒子能够方便吸附剂的快速分离与回收。
在某一具体实施方式中,所述高纯度他唑巴坦钠的制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)将他唑巴坦钠粗品溶于纯化水中,向溶液中加入适量氨水,加热搅拌过滤,加热温度25~30℃;
2)过滤后加入盐酸调节pH至4-5,往溶液中滴加丙酮,降温析晶,过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度的他唑巴坦钠。
本发明利用加入氨水以及加热搅拌的方式,能够使得他唑巴坦钠粗品引起浊度的物质和/或会形成可见异物的物质被分离,然后再通过重结晶的方式析出,能够很好地去除产品的聚合物,从而提高他唑巴坦钠的纯度。
首先,他唑巴坦钠粗品溶液经过加热搅拌,会使引起浊度的物质、形成可见异物的物质析出,其次本发明加入氨水在加热过程中会产生氨气,氨气在溶液内部会不断生成,并且氨气气体能够“破开”溶液不断排出,即溶液在氨气的排出过程中不断的被气体搅动,能够促进溶液中的不可溶物质及异物析出。
在某一具体实施方式中,步骤(6)中冷冻干燥的冷冻过程具体步骤如下:1)首先降温至-35℃冻结30min;2)然后升温至-20℃退火处理50min;3)最后再降温至~-45℃冻结25~30min。
在某一具体实施方式中,步骤(6)中冷冻干燥的干燥过程具体步骤如下:1)冻干设备抽真空处理,直至真空度达到60%以上,先升温至-15~-10℃保持45~60min,然后升温至20~25℃,保持1.5~2h,完成一次干燥;2)将冻干设备真空度调节至35~40%,温度升温至60~65℃保持45~60min,温度降低至45~50℃保持1h完成二次干燥。
本发明真空冷冻干燥的冷冻过程采用先在稍低于初始冻结温度下进行冷冻,能够使产品内部温度自动平衡,消除其内的温度梯度,在产品完全冻结之后升温至-20℃退火,能够改变冰晶的形态,消除冰晶大小分布不均匀的情况,提高干燥速度,最后再降温至~-45℃冻结,这样产品在冻结过程中内部温度梯度会相对较小,冰晶生长速度相对较快,从而形成细小晶体,有利于升华干燥。采用本发明的冻结处理方法整个冻结过程总共只需要2个小时左右既能够使溶液完全冻结,大大降低了杂质在溶液冻结阶段的生成,同时降低生产的能耗和成本。
本发明真空冷冻干燥的干燥过程分为两步,其中一次干燥主要作用是为了在较低的温度去除冰晶形式的水,二次干燥则是在较高的温度下进一步去除吸附于固体晶格间隙中的结合水,从而得到引湿性小、质量稳定的产品。
本发明还提供一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠组合物,采用上述制备方法制得。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下的优点和有益效果:
1、本发明实施例提供的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法,通过明胶、木聚糖、壳聚糖和羟乙基纤维素分别将他唑巴坦钠和哌拉西林钠间隔包覆在内部,能够大大的降低水分对于哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的破坏作用,从而对哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠,使产品质量得到保障;
2、本发明实施例提供的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法,通过采用明胶和单宁酸进行交联反应使明胶形成三维网络结构,然后加入他唑巴坦钠和木糖醇,两者能够均匀分布在明胶的三维结构中,从而对他唑巴坦钠形成良好的包覆;
3、本发明实施例提供的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法,通过采用壳聚糖与三聚磷酸钠在乙酸溶液中形成胶体溶液后加入高纯度哌拉西林钠,在壳聚糖和三聚磷酸钠在阴阳离子的静电交联作用下能够将哌拉西林钠、羟乙基纤维素均匀包覆在明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒外部以及纳米颗粒的孔洞中,形成三层包覆结构;
4、本发明实施例提供的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法,将哌拉西林钠粗品溶解并加碱液处理后,能够提高哌拉西林钠的溶解度而降低聚合物杂质的溶解,然后向溶液中加入L-半胱氨酸,能够在用磁性吸附剂进行杂质吸附是对哌拉西林钠进行保护,提高杂质的吸附效果,从而实现哌拉西林钠的精制提纯;
5、本发明实施例提供的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法,利用加入氨水以及加热搅拌的方式,能够使得他唑巴坦钠粗品引起浊度的物质和/或会形成可见异物的物质被分离,然后再通过重结晶的方式析出,能够很好地去除产品的聚合物,从而提高他唑巴坦钠的纯度。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步的详细说明,本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明,并不作为对本发明的限定。
在以下描述中,为了提供对本发明的透彻理解阐述了大量特定细节。然而,对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是:不必采用这些特定细节来实行本发明。在其他实施例中,为了避免混淆本发明,未具体描述公知的方法。
在整个说明书中,对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“一个示例”或“示例”的提及意味着:结合该实施例或示例描述的特定特征、结构或特性被包含在本发明至少一个实施例中。因此,在整个说明书的各个地方出现的短语“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“一个示例”或“示例”不一定都指同一实施例或示例。此外,可以以任何适当的组合和、或子组合将特定的特征、结构或特性组合在一个或多个实施例或示例中。
实施例1
本发明实施例提供的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将100g哌拉西林钠粗品加入到300ml纯化水中加热搅拌溶解,加入适量碱液调节溶液pH至6.7-6.9,然后向溶液中加入1.1g L-半胱氨酸;
(2)持续搅拌后加入磁性吸附剂,去除磁性吸附剂,再向滤液中加入0.615g乙二胺四乙酸二钠和0.185g氯化钠固体,降温析晶、过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度哌拉西林钠,所述磁性吸附剂采用羟基化碳纳米管负载四氧化三铁;
(3)将他唑巴坦钠粗品100g溶于100ml纯化水中,向溶液中加入适量氨水,搅拌过滤;
(4)过滤后加入盐酸调节pH至4-5,往溶液中滴加50ml丙酮,降温析晶,过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度的他唑巴坦钠;
(5)将去离子水加热至50~55℃,然后加入80g明胶条,水浴搅拌至明胶条完全融化制得明胶溶液;
(6)向明胶溶液中加入3g单宁酸,于45~55℃温度下进行交联反应90~120min;
(7)交联反应完成后依次加入100g高纯度他唑巴坦钠和20g木聚糖搅拌均匀,置于-8~-5℃低温环境下冷冻1.5~2天,并于-5~-2℃低温环境下冷风脱水3~4h后,制得明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵,将明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵粉碎至纳米级,得到明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒;
(8)将100g壳聚糖加入到20L的0.1mol/L乙酸溶液中直至壳聚糖完全溶解,得到壳聚糖乙酸溶液;
(9)加入碱液调节pH至5~6,然后将12g三聚磷酸钠加入至壳聚糖乙酸溶液中不断搅拌得到胶体溶液;
(10)然后将制得的明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒、600g高纯度哌拉西林钠、40g羟乙基纤维素和30g叔丁醇混合均匀后,在0-4℃下加入到上述胶体溶液中混合均匀,无菌过滤后冷冻干燥,得到哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠;
(11)1)首先降温至-35℃冻结30min;2)然后升温至-20℃退火处理50min;3)最后再降温至~-45℃冻结25~30min;4)冻干设备抽真空处理,直至真空度达到60%以上,先升温至-15~-10℃保持45~60min,然后升温至20~25℃,保持1.5~2h,完成一次干燥;5)将冻干设备真空度调节至35~40%,温度升温至60~65℃保持45~60min,温度降低至45~50℃保持1h完成二次干燥,得到高纯度注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠。
对制得的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠产品进行检测,数据如下表1所示。
表1
实施例2
本发明实施例提供的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将100g哌拉西林钠粗品加入到300ml纯化水中加热搅拌溶解,加入适量碱液调节溶液pH至6.7-6.9,然后向溶液中加入1.2g L-半胱氨酸;
(2)持续搅拌后加入磁性吸附剂,去除磁性吸附剂,再向滤液中加入0.714g乙二胺四乙酸二钠和0.286g氯化钠固体,降温析晶、过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度哌拉西林钠,所述磁性吸附剂采用羟基化碳纳米管负载四氧化三铁;
(3)将他唑巴坦钠粗品100g溶于100ml纯化水中,向溶液中加入适量氨水,搅拌过滤;
(4)过滤后加入盐酸调节pH至4-5,往溶液中滴加50ml丙酮,降温析晶,过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度的他唑巴坦钠;
(5)将去离子水加热至50~55℃,然后加入120g明胶条,水浴搅拌至明胶条完全融化制得明胶溶液;
(6)向明胶溶液中加入8g单宁酸,于45~55℃温度下进行交联反应90~120min;
(7)交联反应完成后依次加入100g高纯度他唑巴坦钠和30g木聚糖搅拌均匀,置于-8~-5℃低温环境下冷冻1.5~2天,并于-5~-2℃低温环境下冷风脱水3~4h后,制得明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵,将明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵粉碎至纳米级,得到明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒;
(8)将100g壳聚糖加入到20L的0.1mol/L乙酸溶液中直至壳聚糖完全溶解,得到壳聚糖乙酸溶液;
(9)加入碱液调节pH至5~6,然后将14g三聚磷酸钠加入至壳聚糖乙酸溶液中不断搅拌得到胶体溶液;
(10)然后将制得的明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒、700g高纯度哌拉西林钠、50g羟乙基纤维素和40g叔丁醇混合均匀后,在0-4℃下加入到上述胶体溶液中混合均匀,无菌过滤后冷冻干燥,得到哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠;
(11)1)首先降温至-35℃冻结30min;2)然后升温至-20℃退火处理50min;3)最后再降温至~-45℃冻结25~30min;4)冻干设备抽真空处理,直至真空度达到60%以上,先升温至-15~-10℃保持45~60min,然后升温至20~25℃,保持1.5~2h,完成一次干燥;5)将冻干设备真空度调节至35~40%,温度升温至60~65℃保持45~60min,温度降低至45~50℃保持1h完成二次干燥,得到高纯度注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠。
对制得的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠产品进行检测,数据如下表2所示。
表2
实施例3
本发明实施例提供的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将100g哌拉西林钠粗品加入到300ml纯化水中加热搅拌溶解,加入适量碱液调节溶液pH至6.7-6.9,然后向溶液中加入1.15g L-半胱氨酸;
(2)持续搅拌后加入磁性吸附剂,去除磁性吸附剂,再向滤液中加入0.666g乙二胺四乙酸二钠和0.234g氯化钠固体,降温析晶、过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度哌拉西林钠,所述磁性吸附剂采用羟基化碳纳米管负载四氧化三铁;
(3)将他唑巴坦钠粗品100g溶于100ml纯化水中,向溶液中加入适量氨水,搅拌过滤;
(4)过滤后加入盐酸调节pH至4-5,往溶液中滴加50ml丙酮,降温析晶,过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度的他唑巴坦钠;
(5)将去离子水加热至50~55℃,然后加入100g明胶条,水浴搅拌至明胶条完全融化制得明胶溶液;
(6)向明胶溶液中加入6g单宁酸,于45~55℃温度下进行交联反应90~120min;
(7)交联反应完成后依次加入100g高纯度他唑巴坦钠和25g木聚糖搅拌均匀,置于-8~-5℃低温环境下冷冻1.5~2天,并于-5~-2℃低温环境下冷风脱水3~4h后,制得明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵,将明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵粉碎至纳米级,得到明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒;
(8)将100g壳聚糖加入到20L的0.1mol/L乙酸溶液中直至壳聚糖完全溶解,得到壳聚糖乙酸溶液;
(9)加入碱液调节pH至5~6,然后将13g三聚磷酸钠加入至壳聚糖乙酸溶液中不断搅拌得到胶体溶液;
(10)然后将制得的明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒、650g高纯度哌拉西林钠、45g羟乙基纤维素和35g叔丁醇混合均匀后,在0-4℃下加入到上述胶体溶液中混合均匀,无菌过滤后冷冻干燥,得到哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠;
(11)1)首先降温至-35℃冻结30min;2)然后升温至-20℃退火处理50min;3)最后再降温至~-45℃冻结25~30min;4)冻干设备抽真空处理,直至真空度达到60%以上,先升温至-15~-10℃保持45~60min,然后升温至20~25℃,保持1.5~2h,完成一次干燥;5)将冻干设备真空度调节至35~40%,温度升温至60~65℃保持45~60min,温度降低至45~50℃保持1h完成二次干燥,得到高纯度注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠。
对制得的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠产品进行检测,数据如下表3所示。
表3
对比例1
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,未采用明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠。对制得的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠产品进行检测,数据如下表4所示。
表4
对比例2
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,未采用壳聚糖和三聚磷酸钠进行包覆。对制得的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠产品进行检测,数据如下表5所示。
表5
对比例3
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,未加入木聚糖、羟乙基纤维素。对制得的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠产品进行检测,数据如下表6所示。
表6
对比例4
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,哌拉西林钠的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将100g哌拉西林钠粗品加入到300ml纯化水中加热搅拌溶解;
(2)持续搅拌后加入活性炭,去除活性炭后向滤液中加入丙酮,降温析晶、过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度哌拉西林钠。
对制得的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠产品进行检测,数据如下表7所示。
表7
对比例5
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,他唑巴坦钠的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将他唑巴坦钠粗品100g溶于100ml纯化水中,搅拌过滤;
(2)过滤后往溶液中滴加50ml丙酮,降温析晶,过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度的他唑巴坦钠。
对制得的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠产品进行检测,数据如下表8所示。
表8
对比例6
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,将制得的高纯度氨哌拉西林钠和他唑巴坦钠在氮气气氛下加入辅料后直接混合得到哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠。
对制得的哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠产品进行检测,数据如下表9所示。
表9
将上述实施例1-3以及对比例1-6制得的注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠,参照中国药典2020版检测引湿性,数据如下表10所示。
其中引湿性测定方法如下:
(1)取一定量供试品置于以精密称重(m1)的具塞玻璃称量瓶(外径为50mm,高为15mm)中,精密称定(m2);
(2)把称量瓶口置于人工气候箱(设定温度为25℃±1℃),相对湿度为(80%±2%)内;
(3)放置24h;
(4)盖好称量瓶盖子,精密称重(m3);
(5)计算增重百分率=(m3-m2)/(m2-m1)×100%
判定标准:引湿增重不小于15%,即极具引湿性;引湿增重小于15%且不小于2%,即有引湿性;引湿增重小于2%且不小于0.2%,即略有引湿性。
表10
以上所述的具体实施方式,对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已,并不用于限定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将去离子水加热至50~55℃,然后加入明胶,水浴搅拌至明胶完全融化制得明胶溶液;
(2)向明胶溶液中加入单宁酸,于45~55℃温度下进行交联反应90~120min;
(3)交联反应完成后依次加入高纯度他唑巴坦钠和木聚糖搅拌均匀,置于-8~-5℃低温环境下冷冻1.5~2天,并于-5~-2℃低温环境下冷风脱水3~4h后,制得明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵,将明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠海绵粉碎至纳米级,得到明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒;
(4)将壳聚糖加入乙酸溶液中直至壳聚糖完全溶解,得到壳聚糖乙酸溶液;
(5)加入碱液调节pH至5~6,然后将三聚磷酸钠加入至壳聚糖乙酸溶液中不断搅拌得到胶体溶液;
(6)然后将制得的明胶包覆他唑巴坦钠纳米颗粒、高纯度哌拉西林钠、羟乙基纤维素和叔丁醇混合均匀后,在0-4℃下加入到上述胶体溶液中混合均匀,无菌过滤后冷冻干燥,得到哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,其特征在于,所述高纯度哌拉西林钠的制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)将哌拉西林钠粗品加入到纯化水中加热搅拌溶解,加入适量碱液调节溶液pH至6.7-6.9,然后向溶液中加入L-半胱氨酸;
2)持续搅拌后加入磁性吸附剂,去除磁性吸附剂,再向滤液中加入乙二胺四乙酸二钠和氯化钠固体,降温析晶、过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度哌拉西林钠。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,其特征在于,所述高纯度他唑巴坦钠的制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)将他唑巴坦钠粗品溶于纯化水中,向溶液中加入适量氨水,搅拌过滤;
2)过滤后加入盐酸调节pH至4-5,往溶液中滴加丙酮,降温析晶,过滤、洗涤、干燥得到高纯度的他唑巴坦钠。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,其特征在于,高纯度哌拉西林钠与高纯度他唑巴坦钠的质量比为6-7:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,其特征在于,所述明胶、单宁酸、他唑巴坦钠和木聚糖的质量比为0.8-1.2:0.03-0.08:1:0.2~0.3。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,其特征在于,所述壳聚糖与三聚磷酸钠的质量比为1:0.12~0.14,所述壳聚糖、高纯度哌拉西林钠、叔丁醇、羟乙基纤维素的质量比为1:6~7:0.3~0.4:0.4-0.5。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中L-半胱氨酸的加入量为哌拉西林钠的1.1~1.2%,乙二胺四乙酸二钠和氯化钠固体的质量比例为1:0.3~0.4,乙二胺四乙酸二钠和氯化钠固体加入总量为哌拉西林钠的0.8~1.0%;所述磁性吸附剂采用羟基化碳纳米管负载四氧化三铁。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中冷冻干燥的冷冻过程具体步骤如下:1)首先降温至-35℃冻结30min;2)然后升温至-20℃退火处理50min;3)最后再降温至~-45℃冻结25~30min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠及其制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中冷冻干燥的干燥过程具体步骤如下:1)冻干设备抽真空处理,直至真空度达到60%以上,先升温至-15~-10℃保持45~60min,然后升温至20~25℃,保持1.5~2h,完成一次干燥;2)将冻干设备真空度调节至35~40%,温度升温至60~65℃保持45~60min,温度降低至45~50℃保持1h完成二次干燥。
10.一种注射用哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠组合物,其特征在于,采用权利要求1-9任一所述制备方法制得。
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