CN1183236C - Lubricant for vapor compression refrigerator using hydrocarbon coolant - Google Patents

Lubricant for vapor compression refrigerator using hydrocarbon coolant Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1183236C
CN1183236C CNB008004528A CN00800452A CN1183236C CN 1183236 C CN1183236 C CN 1183236C CN B008004528 A CNB008004528 A CN B008004528A CN 00800452 A CN00800452 A CN 00800452A CN 1183236 C CN1183236 C CN 1183236C
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China
Prior art keywords
lubricant
mineral oil
hydrocarbon coolant
refrigerator
oil
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Expired - Lifetime
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CNB008004528A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1297472A (en
Inventor
开米贵
高桥仁
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Eneos Corp
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Japan Energy Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C10M129/14—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing at least 2 hydroxy groups
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1045—Aromatic fractions used as base material
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
    • C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
    • C10M2203/1085—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks used as base material
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    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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    • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/50—Medical uses

Abstract

A lubricant for a vapor compression refrigerator using a lower hydrocarbon coolant which comprises, as a main component, a mineral oil having a kinetic viscosity at 40 DEG C of 3 to 150 mm<2>/s, a pour point of -25 DEG C or lower, a viscosity index of 50 or more, a % CP and a % CA as determined by the n-d-M ring analysis of 50 or more and 12 or less respectively, a nitrogen content of 20 ppm or less, a sulfur content of 0.02 to 0.3 %, and an iodine value of 10g I2/100g or less; a hydraulic fluid composition for a vapor compression refrigerator comprising the lubricant and a lower hydrocarbon coolant; and a refrigeration unit employing the hydraulic fluid composition. The lubricant has excellent compatibility with a hydrocarbon coolant and is excellent in stability and lubricity, and hence is markedly useful as a lubricant for a refrigerator using a lower hydrocarbon coolant which is in no danger of ozone layer destruction or global warming.

Description

Use the lubricant for vapor compression refrigerator of hydrocarbon coolant
Technical field
The present invention relates to use the lubricant that is used for mechanical refrigerator of the refrigeration agent of also forming far below the lower hydrocarbon of Halogen hydrocarbon coolant by the worry that does not damage the ozone layer and its global warming ability.In addition, the invention still further relates to working fluid composition of forming by above-mentioned hydrocarbon coolant and lubricant and the refrigeration plant that is filled with this working fluid composition.
Background of invention
Mechanical refrigerator is made up of compressor, condenser, expansion mechanism (as expansion valve), vaporizer etc., when utilizing the evaporation of the big refrigeration agent of volatility from around capture vaporization heat character cool off, be used to the vending machine of refrigerator, refrigerator, air-conditioning, shopper window, refreshment drink and ice-creams etc. etc.In air-conditioning, vending machine etc., the heat that produces when utilizing condensation also heats or is used to the drink and food heat tracing.
In the past, used refrigeration agent is the hydrofluoric ether (CFC or HCFC) that trichlorofluoromethane (R11), Refrigerant 12 (R12), chlorodifluoromethane (R22) etc. contain chlorine.But because these CFC and HCFC can cause the environmental problem that damages the ozone layer, be restricted in its production and the use at the international level, now, they are just substituted by not chloride chlorine-free hydrofluoric ether (HFC) such as for example methylene fluoride (R32), Tetrafluoroethane (R134 or R134a), C2H4F2 C2H4F2 (R152 or R152a).Yet though these HFC can not damage the ozone layer, its global warming ability is big, and therefore, from the long-term perspective of global environment protection, fears are entertained that, and it still has problems.
For this reason, carbonatoms be the low-molecular-weight lower hydrocarbon, ammonia etc. about 1-5 because can not damage the ozone layer, the global warming ability is also far below above-mentioned chloride system or chlorine-free hydrofluoric ether and conduct receives publicity to the refrigeration agent of environment friendliness.Though these compounds did not belong to the main flow of refrigeration agent, had the history of life-time service yet in the past.In addition, for example the open communique of Japan's special permission also discloses for 1998 No. 130685 with naphthene series or paraffin series mineral oil, alkylbenzene oil, ether oil, ester oil, has fluoridized the lubricant of wet goods synthetic oil as the refrigeration agent of being made up of above-mentioned hydrocarbon.In these lubricants, because synthetic oil is generally more expensive, therefore, from the viewpoint of practicality, people entertain expectation to mineral oil cheap, that buy easily.
Yet, in the combination of lower molecular weight hydrocarbon coolant (lower hydrocarbon refrigeration agent) and mineral oil base lubricant, also have variety of issue.Especially owing to following reason, people wish to use the refrigerator of hydrocarbon coolant with lubricator self to have excellent lubricating property.
Though mix as the low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon of refrigeration agent and mineral oil as lubricant, because difference of specific gravity is big, therefore, only by diffusion naturally, both are difficult to be mixed with each other sometimes.In refrigerator, them usually occur and be placed in the state that is difficult to be mixed with each other.For example, when inserting refrigerant charging in the compressor, form the top form of the big lubricant of the little stacked density of formerly packing into of refrigeration agent of density.When in addition, refrigeration agent is back in the compressor with liquid state in the compressor shutdown process (during so-called overflow) also above-mentioned state can appear.If start compressor, then centrifugal force can make lubricant accumulate in the rotation outside when above-mentioned state, causes not having enough lubricants at the lubricated sliding parts such as internal bearings of needs.Consequently, sliding part abrasion occur or occurs seizure easily.For this reason, wish to use the refrigerator of lower molecular weight hydrocarbon coolant with lubricator to have excellent lubricating property.In addition, hydrocarbon coolant is that the hydrofluoric ether refrigeration agent is different with the chlorine of the extreme pressure effect that can expect to be produced by intramolecular chlorine, and himself molecular weight is little, therefore, can not expect that fully it has lubricity.This also impels people to require to use the refrigerator of hydrocarbon coolant with lubricator to have excellent lubricating property.
Although refrigerator with lubricator generally uses in closed system, but, therefore, also require it to be difficult for deterioration, good stability because it is exposed in the refrigeration cycle that high temperature and low temperature repeats usually.
Disclosure of an invention
The present invention carries out in order to address the above problem.The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of lubricant that is used to use the refrigerator of lower molecular weight hydrocarbon coolant, excellent and its oilness of the intermiscibility of this lubricant and described refrigeration agent, stability are also excellent.
The present inventor seeks to have carried out deep research with the good mineral oil base lubricant of the consistency of hydrocarbon coolant, found that, with intermiscibility excellence with lubricant that specific physical behavior and the mineral oil that becomes to be grouped into are main component and hydrocarbon coolant, stability, lubricant are different in the presence of hydrocarbon coolant, have finished the present invention thus.
That is, the present invention be a kind of be the lubricant of mechanical refrigerator that is used to use hydrocarbon coolant of main component with mineral oil with following characteristic: be 5-150mm 40 ℃ kinematic viscosity 2/ s (cSt), flow point below-25 ℃, viscosity index is at the %Cp and the %C that record more than 50, by n-d-M ring analysis method ARespectively more than 50 and below 12, nitrogen content below 20ppm, sulphur content is 0.02-0.3%, iodine value is 10g I 2Below/the 100g.
In addition, the present invention still is the working fluid composition that is used for mechanical refrigerator that forms of a kind of at least a hydrocarbon coolant of being made up of the hydrocarbon compound of 1-5 carbon atom and above-mentioned mix lubricant and the refrigeration plant that is filled with this working fluid composition.
Above-mentioned lubricant preferably also contains phosphoric acid ester extreme pressure agent and/or phenol system or amine is antioxidant.
With above-mentioned mineral oil be the intermiscibility excellence of the lubricant of main component and hydrocarbon coolant, to the wear resistant height and the excellent in stability of compressor sliding part.
Implement best mode of the present invention
Is 3-150mm with son mineral oil of the present invention 40 ℃ kinematic viscosity 2/ s.If this kinematic viscosity is low, then the stopping property of compressor and oilness descend, and if the kinematic viscosity height, then flow point is too high, and energy efficiency also descends.Therefore, be preferably 5-100mm 2/ s.
In addition, the flow point of mineral oil is below-25 ℃.If flow point height, then the flowability of the lubricant that is spued by compressor with refrigeration agent descends in expansion mechanism or vaporizer etc. and partly is detained at the low temperature of refrigeration equipment, may cause heat transfer efficiency to descend or causes the bearing wear that produced by the lubricant starvation in the compressor, seizure etc.
In addition, the viscosity index of mineral oil is more than 50.In refrigeration cycle, lubricant is used in bigger temperature range, that is, it reaches a high temperature when being spued by compressor, and the outlet at expansion mechanism is exposed to low temperature then.Therefore, wish to have a kind of viscosity that causes by temperature to change little high viscosity index (HVI) lubricant, that is, and the mineral oil that a kind of viscosity index is high.Usually, the viscosity index height of the lubricant that long chain hydrocarbon content is high, lubricity is also high.The viscosity index of mineral oil is preferably in more than 80.
The %Cp of the mineral oil that records according to n-d-M ring analysis method is more than 50, %C ABelow 12.The content of the chain hydrocarbon in the lubricant is high more, in other words, uses the big mineral oil of %Cp value, then the oilness of lubricant is big more, therefore, even the dilution of the low molecular weight hydrocarbon refrigerator of lubricated property difference, can keep sufficient oilness, bearing is not prone to abrasion and seizure etc. yet.%Cp is then better more than 80%.In addition, %C AInfluence to viscosity index is big, %C AIncrease, then viscosity index descends, and therefore, is unfavorable.%C ABetter below 10.%Cp and %C ACan obtain according to the n-d-M ring analysis method that defines among the ASTM D3238.
The performance that contained nitrogen and sulphur can influence lubricating oil in the mineral oil.Since when nitrogen content surpasses 20 ppm by weight, the stability of form and aspect meeting variation, and therefore, nitrogen content should be below 20 ppm by weight.In addition, sulphur content is 0.02-0.3 weight %, is good with 0.02-0.1 weight %.If sulphur content is big, then corrodibility increases, and if sulphur content is little, then oilness descends, and therefore, it is very important that sulphur content is remained in the above-mentioned scope.
The iodine value that is used for refrigerator of the present invention mineral oil with lubricator is at 10g I 2Below/the 100g, to guarantee its stability to deterioration.If iodine value surpasses 10g I 2/ 100g, then bad stability.
The hydrocarbon coolant that uses among the present invention is the lower molecular weight hydrocarbon compound of 1-5 carbon atom.Object lesson has cyclanes compounds such as alkane compounds such as methane, ethane, propane, n-propane, Trimethylmethane, Skellysolve A, iso-pentane, neopentane and cyclopropane, tetramethylene, pentamethylene.Also can use the derivative (corresponding to the alkene of above-claimed cpd) of a part of carbon bond for the above-claimed cpd of two keys.In addition, as hydrocarbon coolant, these compounds can use separately, also can will use after the appropriate combination more than two kinds.
Use the mineral oil combination back that will have above-mentioned rerum natura in the compression refigerating machine that uses the lower molecular weight hydrocarbon coolant, can bring into play effect of the present invention.Promptly, above-mentioned mineral oil has above-mentioned good lubricity and stability in the presence of hydrocarbon coolant, and, because above-mentioned mineral oil and the similarity of hydrocarbon compound refrigeration agent on molecular structure outclass ester oil or ether oil, therefore, they also have good intermiscibility.In addition, the price of above-mentioned mineral oil is cheaper than ester oil and ether oil, and is therefore, also very useful aspect practical.
Lubricant of the present invention can optionally contain other compositions.For example, can suitably mix known refrigerator with lubricator base oil (as the mineral oil beyond the above-mentioned mineral oil that uses among the present invention, for example, naphthene series mineral oil) or synthetic oil (as alkylbenzene oil, ether oil, ester oil, fluoridize wet goods) and known additive.The example of this additive has 2,6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, 4,4-methylene radical-two (2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol), p, phenol such as p '-dioctyl-diphenylamine systems or amine are defoamer such as metal inactivators such as oiliness improver, benzotriazole such as extreme pressure agents such as stablizer, Tritolyl Phosphate, triphenylphosphate such as antioxidant, glycidyl phenyl ether, Racemic glycidol alkyl oxide, Rylo MG 19, glycerine oleyl ether, glycerine one lauryl ether, dimethione, polyacrylic acid methylpropenyl ester or system infusion etc.In addition, optionally, also can mix known dispersion agent, viscosity index improver, rust-preventive agent, anticorrosive agent, fall additives such as flow point agent.The incorporation of these additives in lubricant of the present invention is generally about 10 ppm by weight～10 weight %.Especially the phenol system or the amine that add about about 0.01-0.5 weight % are antioxidant, can significantly improve the stability and the weather resistance of lubricant.In addition, phosphoric acid ester such as Tritolyl Phosphate, triphenylphosphate can be used as extreme pressure agent, and a small amount of add (for example 0.05-1.0 weight %) can effectively improve lubricities such as seizure load, abrasion performance.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in more detail below by embodiment, but the invention is not restricted to these object lessons.
The oil that is used to estimate
For estimating refrigerator of the present invention with lubricator, be ready to have respectively by the rerum natura shown in table 1 and the table 2 and mineral oil 1-8 that forms and hard alkylbenzene (HAB) 1-2, be used for following evaluation test.Wherein, mineral oil 1-3 and 6 is equivalent to lubricant base oil of the present invention.
Table 1
Mineral oil
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Color (ASTM) L0.5 L0.5 L0.5 L0.5 L1.0 L0.5 L0.5 L0.5
Kinematic viscosity (mm 2/s) 21.95 14.83 9.89 13.69 27.15 27.1 26.5 25.5
Viscosity index 1.2 96 84 33 101 101 103 102
％Cp 63 61 59 43 66 66 68 67
％C A 9 10 10 14 5.1 5.1 4.8 4.7
Flow point (℃) -27.5 -27.5 -27.5 -45.0 -27.5 -27.5 -30 -30
Nitrogen content (ppm by weight) 11 8 7 ＜1 28 3 10 5
Sulphur content (weight %) 0.15 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.2 0.2 0.33 0.2
Total acid value (mgKOH/g) 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
Iodine value (gI 2/100g) 7.6 4.8 2.2 4.5 7.5 7.5 6.8 11.2
"＜XX " expression is less than XX.
Table 2
HAB
1 2
Color (ASTM) L0.5 L0.5
Kinematic viscosity (mm 2/s) 14.97 9.99
Viscosity index -14 5
％Cp - -
％C A - -
Flow point (℃) ＜-50.0 ＜-50.0
Nitrogen content (ppm by weight) ＜1 ＜1
Sulphur content (weight %) ＜0.01 ＜0.01
Total acid value (mgKOH/g) 0.01 0.01
Iodine value (gI 2/100g) - -
"＜XX " expression is less than XX.
Benchmark test
Base oil with mineral oil 1-4 and HAB1-2 is lubricant, be refrigerator with Trimethylmethane (R600a), carry out Practical Performance, oilness (Falex seizure load) and with the evaluation test of the performances such as intermiscibility of refrigeration agent.
The benchmark test of the Practical Performance of lubricant is the long duration test by using refrigerator to carry out with the refrigeration cycle of compressor.That is, will comprise each the lubricant 200g of above-mentioned base oil and R600a refrigeration agent 15g and pack in the compressor, compressor is spued to press remains on 12kgf/cm 2, the compressor surface temperature remain on 80 ℃ carry out 1000 hours the running.This long duration test after finishing is opened compressor, takes out the lubricant (that is, using oil) after testing, and measures color and total acid value, compressor is dismantled again, and measures the wear loss of piston, cylinder, connecting rod and bearing.
Also to estimating as the Falex seizure load of oilness with the intermiscibility (two layers of separation temperature) of refrigeration agent.The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Mineral oil HAB
1 2 3 4 1 2
Use the proterties of oil Color (ASTM) L1.5 L1.5 L1.5 L2.0 L1.5 L1.5
Total acid value mgKOH/g 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.03
The wear loss of compressor part (μ m) Piston (iron) ＜1.0 ＜1.0 ＜1.0 2.1 2.5 2.9
Cylinder (iron) ＜1.0 ＜1.0 ＜1.0 ＜1.0 ＜1.0 1.3
Connecting rod (aluminium alloy) ＜1.0 ＜1.0 ＜1.0 4.2 4.9 5.6
Bearing (iron) ＜1.0 ＜1.0 ＜1.0 1.2 1.7 2.6
Falex seizure load (Lbf) 440 430 400 300 280 250
Two layers of separation temperature ℃ (refrigeration agent R600a) ＜-40 ＜-40 ＜-40 ＜-40 ＜-40 ＜-40
"＜XX " expression is less than XX.
According to table 3, the color of lubricant of the present invention (mineral oil 1-3) is all lower, is L1.0, total acid value is 0.01mgKOH/g, value during with fresh oil does not change, and the wear loss of compressor part (piston, cylinder, connecting rod and bearing) is all below 1.0 μ m.And corresponding to these values of the mineral oil 4 of comparative example and HAB1-2 nearly all greater than the value of embodiment, show lubricant deterioration and compressor part abrasion to occur.
Stability test (high-pressure gas bottle test)
Carry out the stability test (bombardment test) of mineral oil 1-8 with following method.Respectively each 100g of mineral oil 1-8 and Trimethylmethane (R600a refrigeration agent) 20g are packed in the high-pressure gas cylinder of 300ml, wire (the 1.6mm φ * 20cm) that adds iron (Fe) as catalyzer, copper (Cu), aluminium (Al) again, sealing kept 30 at 175 ℃.After placing cooling, take out mineral oil 1-8 and catalyzer from high-pressure gas cylinder, the mineral oil color after the deterioration that detects by an unaided eye, the dregs of fat are separated out the variation of degree and each catalyst surface.The variable color degree of catalyzer with " greatly ", " in ", " little " and " nothing " estimate for 4 grades, the degree of separating out of the dregs of fat with " many ", " in ", estimate " lacking " and " nothing " 4 grades.The results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4
Mineral oil
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Color (ASTM) L1.5 L1.5 L1.5 L2.0 L4.5 L1.5 L3.0 L3.0
The variable color of catalyzer Fe Do not have Do not have Do not have Little In Do not have Little Little
Cu Do not have Do not have Do not have Little In Do not have In Little
Al Do not have Do not have Do not have Do not have Do not have Do not have Do not have Do not have
The dregs of fat are separated out Do not have Do not have Do not have Do not have Many Do not have Do not have Few
According to table 4, lubricant of the present invention (mineral oil 1-3 and 6) all demonstrates gratifying stability at all items, but colour-difference at the lubricant that can not satisfy one or more prescribed values aspect viscosity index, %Cp, nitrogen content, sulphur content % and the iodine value (mineral oil 4-5 and 7-8), more than L2.0, the variable color and the dregs of fat that catalyzer also occurs are separated out.
The evaluation of additive additive effect
For estimating the additive effect of additive, will be as the Tritolyl Phosphate (TCP) of extreme pressure agent with as 2 of antioxidant, 6-di-t-butyl-toluene (DBPC) is added in the mineral oil 1 in ratio shown in the table 5, test preparation oil 1-3, carry out and aforementioned same stability test (high-pressure gas bottle test), measure Falex seizure load again.The results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5
Test oil
1 2 3
Additive and addition (weight %) Antioxidant (DBPC) 0.5 - 0.5
Extreme pressure agent (TCP) - 0.1 0.1
The high-pressure gas bottle test Color (ASTM) L1.5 L1.5 L1.5
The variable color of catalyzer Fe Do not have Do not have Do not have
Cu Do not have Do not have Do not have
Al Do not have Do not have Do not have
The dregs of fat are separated out Do not have Do not have Do not have
Use mineral oil 1 as base oil
The various determination test methods of above-mentioned base oil, use oil and compressor part are specific as follows: color is pressed JIS K2580d ASTM color test method and is measured, and kinematic viscosity and viscosity index are pressed JIS K 2283 methods and measured, %Cp and %C AMeasure by the n-d-M ring analysis method of stipulating among the ASTM D3238, flow point is pressed JIS K 2269 methods and is measured, total acid value is pressed JIS K 2501 methods and is measured, nitrogen content is pressed JIS K 2609 methods and is measured, sulphur content is pressed JIS K 2541 methods and is measured, Falex seizure load press ASTM D 3233 methods and is measured, and press JIS K 2211 methods (annex 3, but need be pronounced R600a with R12) mensuration with the intermiscibility (two layers of separation temperature) of refrigeration agent.
Because refrigerator of the present invention is main component to have specific rerum natura with the mineral oil that becomes to be grouped into lubricator, therefore, with the intermiscibility excellence of hydrocarbon coolant, in the presence of hydrocarbon coolant, its stability, oilness excellence.Therefore, be very useful as lubricant to the refrigerator of the use hydrocarbon coolant of global environment friendliness.

Claims (2)

1. lubricant is used to use the mechanical refrigerator of hydrocarbon coolant, it is characterized in that it contains the above kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of 90 weight % is 3-150mm 2/ s, flow point below-25 ℃, viscosity index is at the %Cp and the %C that record more than 50, by n-d-M ring analysis method ARespectively more than 50 and below 12, nitrogen content below 20ppm, sulphur content is that 0.02-0.3%, iodine value are 10g I 2The mineral oil that/100g is following.
2. lubricant as claimed in claim 1, it also contains the extreme pressure agent of being made up of phosphoric acid ester and/or phenol is or amine is antioxidant.
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EP1092760A4 (en) 2002-07-31
CN1297472A (en) 2001-05-30
DE60018005D1 (en) 2005-03-17
EP1092760A1 (en) 2001-04-18
DE60018005T2 (en) 2005-12-29
EP1092760B1 (en) 2005-02-09
ES2233339T3 (en) 2005-06-16
KR20010052428A (en) 2001-06-25
KR100648186B1 (en) 2006-11-23

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