JPH10130685A - Refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refrigerator which has a low global warming coefficient, is free from a problem of clogging of a capillary and the like, and has high refrigerating capability by using a hydrocarbon compd. as a coolant and an oil, compatible with the hydrocarbon compd., as a lubricating oil. SOLUTION: Use of a hydrocarbon coolant, such as a coolant consisting of propylene alone, a coolant consisting of cyclopropane alone, or a coolant comprising a combination of these two compounds, propylene and cyclopropane, can realize a refrigerating system that does not disrupt an ozonosphere and does not lead to global warming. In this case, the refrigerating capability is close to that of old coolants based on clslorofluorocaibons. Further, use of a mixed coolant composed of a hydrocarbon coolant and a nonhydrocarbon alternative coolant in combination with an oil compatible with the mixed coolant as a lubricating oil, or use of a mixed solvent composed of ammonia and a hydrocarbon coolant as the coolant also does not lead to global warming. Oils, compatible with the above coolants, used as the lubricating oil include, e.g. mineral oils, such as naphthenic and paraffinic mineral oils, and synthetic oils, such as alkylbenzene oils, ester oils, ether oils, and fluoro oils.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus using a refrigerant having a low global warming potential and a high refrigerating capacity.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Freon-based refrigerants R12 (CFC12) and R22 (HCFC22), which have been used for a long time, are regulated.
HFC-based refrigerant such as 4a (HFC-134a) has been adopted. Among the HFC-based refrigerants, a refrigerant R407C in which three types of HFC32, HFC125, and HFC134a are mixed, and a refrigerant R410A in which the two types of HFC32 and HFC125 are also mixed, such as HFC32a, are also likely to be used in the future. As an alternative refrigerant.

[0003]

However, R12, R2
R4, which is currently considered to be the leading alternative refrigerant for R2
Both 07c and R410A have an ozone depletion potential of 0, but have a large global warming potential and a large effect on global warming. Further, the refrigerating machine oil also has a problem such as capillary clogging, and at present, there are few powerful oils corresponding to R407c and R410A.

The inventions of claims 1 to 7 of the present application have been made to solve the above problems, and a refrigerant having a global warming potential as low as possible and having a refrigerating capacity equivalent to that of the old refrigerant is provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigeration apparatus in which the above-mentioned conventional problems are improved by using and combining an appropriate lubricating oil corresponding to the refrigerant.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above objects, the inventions according to claims 1 to 7 of the present application are respectively provided with the following means for solving the problems.

(1) The refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention is a refrigeration apparatus comprising a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device, and an evaporator in an annular manner. It is characterized in that while using a hydrogen-based refrigerant, an oil compatible with the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil.

The above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based refrigerants, unlike CFCs, have a global warming potential close to zero. Therefore, if the above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used in a refrigeration circuit configured by connecting the above-described compressor, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator in a ring shape, the ozone layer is not destroyed, and the earth is not destroyed. A refrigeration system that does not cause global warming can be realized. In addition, the refrigerating capacity is the same as the old refrigerant R
12 (CFC12) and R22 (HCFC22).

[0008] The global warming potential GWP, whose properties affect the global warming, is generally determined by the product of its own infrared absorption properties and its lifetime in the atmosphere (existence time). Considering that the lifetime of hydrocarbons (HC) in the atmosphere is not particularly short as compared with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC12, HCFC22), the global warming potential of hydrocarbons is close to zero as described above. Is thought to be mainly due to the difference in infrared absorption characteristics.

[0009] In the case of chlorofluorocarbon, due to its composition, hydrocarbon HC
It is considered that because a part of the hydrogen H of the above was replaced by fluorine F, the absorption characteristics of infrared rays changed due to the presence of the fluorine F, thereby increasing the global warming potential.

However, in the case of hydrocarbon-based refrigerants, such infrared absorption characteristics are small and there is no change. Therefore, the global warming potential is reduced.

On the other hand, in the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention, an oil compatible with the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil,
Drivability of the compressor is ensured, and clogging of the capillary tube is reliably prevented.

(2) The refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is a refrigeration apparatus comprising a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device, and an evaporator in a ring shape. The present invention is characterized in that a mixed refrigerant of a hydrogen-based refrigerant and a non-hydrocarbon-based alternative refrigerant is used, while an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil.

The above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based refrigerants, unlike CFCs, have a global warming potential of almost zero. Therefore, when a refrigerant mixture of the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and the non-hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used in a refrigeration circuit configured by connecting the compressor, the condenser, the expansion device, and the evaporator as described above in a ring shape. Thus, a refrigeration system with a low global warming level can be realized without destroying the ozone layer. In addition, the refrigerating capacity is the same as the old refrigerant R12 (CFC1).
2) Close to R22 (HCFC22).

The global warming potential GWP, whose properties affect the global warming, is generally determined by the product of its own infrared absorption properties and its lifetime in the atmosphere (existence time). Considering that the lifetime of hydrocarbons (HC) in the atmosphere is not particularly short as compared with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC12, HCFC22), the global warming potential of hydrocarbons is close to zero as described above. Is thought to be mainly due to the difference in infrared absorption characteristics.

In the case of chlorofluorocarbon, hydrocarbon HC
It is considered that because a part of the hydrogen H of the above was replaced by fluorine F, the absorption characteristics of infrared rays changed due to the presence of the fluorine F, thereby increasing the global warming potential.

However, in the case of hydrocarbon-based refrigerants, such infrared absorption characteristics are small and there is no change. Therefore, the global warming potential is reduced.

On the other hand, in the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention, oil which is compatible with a refrigerant mixture of the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and the non-hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as the lubricating oil, thereby ensuring the drivability of the compressor. In addition, clogging of the capillary tube is reliably prevented.

(3) The refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is a refrigeration apparatus comprising a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator in an annular manner. And a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant, and an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil.

Ammonia and hydrocarbon-based refrigerants all have a global warming potential close to zero, unlike Freon. Therefore, if such a refrigerant is used in a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting the above-described compressor, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator in a ring, the ozone layer is not destroyed and the global warming is prevented. It is possible to realize a refrigeration system that does not lead to any change. In addition, the refrigerating capacity is the same as the previous refrigerant R12 (CFC12) and R22 (HCFC).
Close to 22).

The global warming potential GWP at which the properties of a substance influences global warming is generally determined by the product of its own infrared absorption properties and its lifetime in the atmosphere (existence time). Ammonia (NH ₃ ) and hydrocarbons (HC)
Life in the atmosphere is CFC12 (HCFC, HCFC
Considering that it is not particularly short in comparison with 22), the reason why the global warming potential of ammonia and hydrocarbons is close to zero as described above is mainly due to the difference in infrared absorption characteristics. .

In the case of CFCs, due to its composition, hydrocarbon HC
It is considered that because a part of the hydrogen H of the above was replaced by fluorine F, the absorption characteristics of infrared rays changed due to the presence of the fluorine F, and thus the global warming potential was increased.

However, in the case of ammonia or a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant, such infrared absorption characteristics are small and there is no change. Therefore, the global warming potential is reduced.

On the other hand, in the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention, oil which is compatible with the mixed refrigerant of the ammonia and each of the hydrocarbon-based refrigerants is used as the lubricating oil, so that the drivability of the compressor is ensured and the capillary tube is provided. Is reliably prevented from being clogged.

(4) The refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is a refrigeration apparatus comprising a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device, and an evaporator in an annular manner. And a mixed refrigerant of a non-ammonia-based alternative refrigerant and a mixed refrigerant of a non-ammonia-based alternative refrigerant, and an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant as a lubricating oil.

The above ammonia and hydrocarbon-based refrigerants have a global warming potential of almost zero unlike fluorocarbon. Therefore, in the refrigeration circuit configured by connecting the compressor, the condenser, the expansion device, and the evaporator as described above in a ring, a refrigerant mixture of the ammonia and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and a non-ammonia-based alternative refrigerant are used. By using the mixed refrigerant of (1), a refrigeration system that does not destroy the ozone layer and does not cause global warming can be realized. In addition, the refrigerating capacity is the same as the previous refrigerant R12 (CFC12), R2
2 (HCFC22).

The global warming potential GWP at which the properties of a substance affect global warming is generally determined by the product of its own infrared absorption properties and its lifetime in the atmosphere (existence time). Ammonia (NH ₃ ) and hydrocarbons (HC)
The life of each atmosphere is chlorofluorocarbon (CFC12, HCFC2
Considering that it is not particularly short compared to 2), it is thought that the global warming potential of each of ammonia and hydrocarbons is close to zero as described above mainly due to the difference in infrared absorption characteristics. Can be

In the case of chlorofluorocarbons, hydrocarbons HC
It is considered that because a part of the hydrogen H of the above was replaced by fluorine F, the absorption characteristics of infrared rays changed due to the presence of the fluorine F, and thus the global warming potential was increased.

However, in the case of ammonia or hydrocarbon refrigerants, such infrared absorption characteristics are small and there is no change. Therefore, the global warming potential is reduced.

On the other hand, in the refrigerating apparatus of the present invention, an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant of the ammonia and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and the non-ammonia-based alternative refrigerant is used as the lubricating oil. , And clogging of the capillary tube is reliably prevented.

(5) The invention of claim 5 The refrigeration apparatus of the invention is characterized in that the refrigeration apparatus of the invention described in claim 1 or the hydrocarbon refrigerant of the invention described in claim 2 and a non-hydrocarbon refrigerant. Any one of a mixed refrigerant, a mixed refrigerant of ammonia and a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant of the invention according to claim 3, and a mixed refrigerant of a mixed refrigerant of ammonia and a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant according to the invention of claim 4 and a non-ammonia-based alternative refrigerant On the other hand, as a compatible lubricating oil, for example, a naphthenic mineral oil is used.

(6) The invention of claim 6 The refrigeration apparatus of the invention is characterized in that the refrigeration apparatus of the invention described in claim 1 or the hydrocarbon refrigerant of the invention described in claim 2 and a non-hydrocarbon refrigerant. A mixed refrigerant, wherein the mixed refrigerant of the ammonia-based refrigerant and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant according to the third aspect of the present invention,
For example, paraffinic mineral oil is used as a lubricating oil compatible with either the mixed refrigerant of ammonia and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and the mixed refrigerant of the non-ammonia-based alternative refrigerant according to the described invention.

(7) The refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is a refrigeration apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, which comprises the hydrocarbon refrigerant of the first aspect and the hydrocarbon refrigerant of the second aspect and a non-hydrocarbon refrigerant. A mixed refrigerant, wherein the mixed refrigerant of the ammonia-based refrigerant and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant according to the third aspect of the present invention,
As a lubricating oil compatible with any of the mixed refrigerant of the ammonia and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and the non-ammonia-based alternative refrigerant according to the invention, for example, alkylbenzene oil, ester oil, ether oil, and fluorine oil Such synthetic oils are used.

In this case, for example, in the case of the mixed refrigerant according to the second aspect of the present invention or the mixed refrigerant according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, for example, when an HFC-based refrigerant is contained and its composition ratio is high, the synthesis Among the oils, ester oils, ether oils, fluorine oils and the like having high compatibility with the HFC-based refrigerant are particularly used.

[0034]

As described above, according to the refrigerating apparatus of each of the first to seventh aspects of the present invention, the present invention can be applied without causing global warming and without modifying the system structure of a conventional CFC-based refrigerating circuit. As a result, conventional mineral oil or synthetic oil can be used as the refrigerating machine oil.

[0035]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(Embodiment 1) In a refrigerating apparatus according to the present embodiment, a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator are connected in a ring to form a refrigerating circuit. 1 contains one or more of methane, ethane, propylene, ethylene, cyclobutane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-pentane, cyclopentane, and cyclopropane shown in 1, or two or more of them While a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used, an oil compatible with the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil.

[0036]

[Table 1]

The above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based refrigerants, unlike CFCs, have a global warming potential of almost zero. Therefore, if the above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used in a refrigeration circuit configured by connecting the above-described compressor, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator in a ring shape, the ozone layer is not destroyed, and the earth is not destroyed. A refrigeration system that does not cause global warming can be realized. In addition, the refrigerating capacity is the same as the old refrigerant R
12 (CFC12) and R22 (HCFC22).

The global warming potential GWP at which the properties of a substance influences global warming is generally determined by the product of its own infrared absorption properties and its lifetime in the atmosphere (existence time). Considering that the lifetime of hydrocarbons (HC) in the atmosphere is not particularly short as compared with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC12, HCFC22), the global warming potential of hydrocarbons is close to zero as described above. Is thought to be mainly due to the difference in infrared absorption characteristics.

In the case of chlorofluorocarbon, due to its composition, hydrocarbon HC
It is considered that because a part of the hydrogen H of the above was replaced by fluorine F, the absorption characteristics of infrared rays changed due to the presence of the fluorine F, thereby increasing the global warming potential.

However, in the case of a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant, such infrared absorption characteristics are small and there is no change. Therefore, the global warming potential is reduced.

On the other hand, in the refrigerating apparatus of the present embodiment, for example, a rotary type, scroll type, or oscillating type compressor is employed, and a naphthenic type which is compatible with the hydrocarbon type refrigerant as its lubricating oil. Or paraffinic mineral oil,
Alternatively, a synthetic oil is used to ensure the drivability of the compressor and to reliably prevent the capillary tube from being clogged. As the above synthetic oil, for example, alkylbenzene oil, ether oil, ester oil, fluorine oil and the like are used.

As a result, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present embodiment, the refrigeration system can be applied without causing global warming and without changing the system structure of the conventional CFC-based refrigeration circuit. As a refrigerating machine oil, a conventional mineral oil or synthetic oil can be used.

R22 (saturated vapor pressure: 21 ° C. at 55 ° C.) in relation to the saturated vapor pressure of each refrigerant in the above configuration.
The following can be easily obtained as a refrigerating capacity equivalent to 75 KPa (584.0 KPa at 5 ° C.).

(1) Refrigerant containing only propylene (2) Refrigerant containing only cyclopropane (3) Refrigerant of two kinds of propylene and cyclopropane (4) Refrigerant of two kinds of propylene and isobutane (5) Two kinds of refrigerant of cyclopropane and isobutane SEED MIXED REFRIGERANT (Embodiment 2) In the refrigerating apparatus of the present embodiment, for example, in a refrigerating apparatus having a refrigerating circuit configured by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator in a ring shape, Hydrocarbons containing two or more of methane, ethane, propylene, ethylene, cyclobutane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-pentane, cyclopentane, propane and cyclopropane shown in Table 2 below. While using a system-based refrigerant, an oil compatible with the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil.

[0045]

[Table 2]

The hydrocarbon-based refrigerant as described above has a global warming potential of almost zero unlike fluorocarbon. Therefore, if the above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used in a refrigeration circuit configured by connecting the above-described compressor, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator in a ring shape, the ozone layer is not destroyed, and the earth is not destroyed. A refrigeration system that does not cause global warming can be realized. In addition, the refrigerating capacity is the same as the old refrigerant R
12 (CFC12) and R22 (HCFC22).

The global warming potential GWP at which the properties of a substance affect global warming is generally determined by the product of its own infrared absorption properties and its lifetime in the atmosphere (existence time). Considering that the lifetime of hydrocarbons (HC) in the atmosphere is not particularly short as compared with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC12, HCFC22), the global warming potential of hydrocarbons is close to zero as described above. Is thought to be mainly due to the difference in infrared absorption characteristics.

In the case of CFCs, hydrocarbon HC
It is considered that because a part of the hydrogen H of the above was replaced by fluorine F, the absorption characteristics of infrared rays changed due to the presence of the fluorine F, thereby increasing the global warming potential.

However, in the case of a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant, such infrared absorption characteristics are small and there is no change. Therefore, the global warming potential is reduced.

On the other hand, in the refrigerating apparatus of this embodiment, for example, a rotary type, scroll type, or oscillating type is used as a compressor, and a naphthene-based refrigerant having compatibility with the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as its lubricating oil. Or paraffinic mineral oil,
Alternatively, a synthetic oil is used to ensure the drivability of the compressor and to reliably prevent the capillary tube from being clogged. As the above synthetic oil, for example, alkylbenzene oil, ether oil, ester oil, fluorine oil and the like are used.

As a result, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus can be applied without causing global warming and without modifying the system structure of the conventional CFC-based refrigeration circuit. As a refrigerating machine oil, a conventional mineral oil or synthetic oil can be used.

From the relationship between the refrigerant and the saturated vapor pressure of the refrigerant in the above configuration, R22 (saturated vapor pressure: 21 at 55 ° C.)
The following can be easily obtained as a refrigerating capacity equivalent to 75 KPa (584.0 KPa at 5 ° C.).

(1) Propylene and cyclopropane 2
Seed refrigerant mixture (2) Propylene and propane refrigerant mixture (3) Propylene and isobutane refrigerant mixture (4) Cyclopropane and propane refrigerant mixture (5) Cyclopropane and isobutane refrigerant mixture ( Embodiment 3) In the refrigerating apparatus of the present embodiment, in a refrigerating apparatus having a refrigerating circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator in a ring shape, for example, the following Table 3 Methane, ethane, propylene, ethylene, cyclobutane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-pentane, cyclopentane, propane, cyclopropane, or two or more of them Containing HFC32, H
FC134a, HFC125, HFC23, HFC14
3a, while using a refrigerant mixture with a non-hydrocarbon alternative refrigerant containing one or more of the HFCs 152a,
The lubricating oil is constituted by using an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant.

[0054]

[Table 3]

The above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based refrigerants have a global warming potential close to zero, unlike fluorocarbon refrigerants. Therefore, when a refrigerant mixture of the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and the non-hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used in a refrigeration circuit configured by connecting the compressor, the condenser, the expansion device, and the evaporator as described above in a ring shape. Thus, a refrigeration system with a low global warming level can be realized without destroying the ozone layer. In addition, the refrigerating capacity is the same as the old refrigerant R12 (CFC1).
2) Close to R22 (HCFC22).

The global warming potential GWP at which the properties of a substance influences global warming is generally determined by the product of its own infrared absorption properties and its lifetime in the atmosphere (existing time). Considering that the lifetime of hydrocarbons (HC) in the atmosphere is not particularly short as compared with chlorofluorocarbons (CFC12, HCFC22), the global warming potential of hydrocarbons is close to zero as described above. Is thought to be mainly due to the difference in infrared absorption characteristics.

In the case of chlorofluorocarbon, due to its composition, hydrocarbon HC
It is considered that because a part of the hydrogen H of the above was replaced by fluorine F, the absorption characteristics of infrared rays changed due to the presence of the fluorine F, thereby increasing the global warming potential.

However, in the case of a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant, such infrared absorption characteristics are small and there is no change. Therefore, the global warming potential is reduced.

On the other hand, in the refrigerating apparatus of the present embodiment, for example, a rotary type, a scroll type, and an oscillating type are employed as compressors, and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and the non-hydrocarbon-based refrigerant are used as lubricating oils. A naphthene-based or paraffin-based or a synthetic oil compatible with the refrigerant mixture is used to ensure the driving performance of the compressor and to reliably prevent clogging of the capillary tube. As the above synthetic oil, for example, alkylbenzene oil, ether oil, ester oil, fluorine oil and the like are used.

As a result, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus can be applied without causing global warming and without modifying the system structure of the conventional CFC-based refrigeration circuit. As a refrigerating machine oil, a conventional mineral oil or synthetic oil can be used.

R22 (saturated vapor pressure: 21 ° C. at 55 ° C.) in relation to the saturated vapor pressure of each refrigerant in the above configuration.
The following can be easily obtained as a refrigerating capacity equivalent to 75 KPa (584.0 KPa at 5 ° C.).

(1) -1 Propylene and HFC134a
-2 mixed refrigerant of propylene and HFC125 -2 mixed refrigerant of propylene and HFC125 (2) -1 2-mixed refrigerant of cyclopropane and HFC134a -2 Cyclopropane and HFC32 -3 A mixed refrigerant of cyclopropane and HFC125 (3) -1 Propylene, cyclopropane and HFC13
3a mixture of propylene, cyclopropane and HFC32
Seed refrigerant mixture -3 Propylene, cyclopropane, and HFC125 (3) Refrigerant mixture of propylene, propane, and HFC134a -2 Refrigerant mixture of propylene, propane, and HFC32 -3 (5) -1 Propylene, isobutane and HFC134a
-3, a mixed refrigerant of propylene, isobutane and HFC32 -3, a mixed refrigerant of propylene, isobutane and HFC125 (6) -1 Cyclopropane, propane and HFC134
3 mixed refrigerant of cyclopropane, propane and HFC32 -3 mixed refrigerant of cyclopropane, propane and HFC125
Seed mixed refrigerant (7) -1 Cyclopropane, isobutane and HFC13
3a mixed refrigerant with 4a-2 cyclopropane, isobutane and HFC32
Species mixed refrigerant -3 Cyclopropane, isobutane, and HFC125 mixed refrigerant (Embodiment 4) In the refrigerating apparatus of this embodiment, the compressor, the condenser, the expansion device, and the evaporator are connected in a ring shape. In a refrigerating apparatus constituting a refrigerating circuit, a mixed refrigerant of ammonia and a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as a refrigerant, and an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil.

As the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant, for example, the following Table 4
Methane, ethane, propylene, ethylene, cyclobutane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-
Those containing one or more of pentane, cyclopentane, propane, and cyclopropane are employed.

[0064]

[Table 4]

Ammonia (NH ₃ : carbon number 0, 2310 KPa at 55 ° C. and 515.7 KPa at 5 ° C.)
Each of the refrigerants and hydrocarbon-based refrigerants (see Table 4) has almost the same global warming potential as zero, unlike CFCs. Therefore, if such a refrigerant is used in a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting the above-described compressor, condenser, expansion device, and evaporator in a ring, the ozone layer is not destroyed and the global warming is prevented. It is possible to realize a refrigeration system that does not lead to any change. Moreover, the refrigerating capacity is close to that of the CFC-based old refrigerants R12 (CFC12) and R22 (HCFC22).

The global warming potential GWP at which the properties of a substance affect the global warming is generally determined by the product of its own infrared absorption properties and its lifetime in the atmosphere (existing time). Ammonia (NH ₃ ) and hydrocarbons (HC)
Life in the atmosphere is CFC12 (HCFC, HCFC
Considering that it is not particularly short in comparison with 22), the reason why the global warming potential of ammonia and hydrocarbons is close to zero as described above is mainly due to the difference in infrared absorption characteristics. .

In the case of chlorofluorocarbon, hydrocarbon HC
It is considered that because a part of the hydrogen H of the above was replaced by fluorine F, the absorption characteristics of infrared rays changed due to the presence of the fluorine F, and thus the global warming potential was increased.

However, in the case of ammonia or hydrocarbon-based refrigerants, such infrared absorption characteristics are small and there is no change. Therefore, the global warming potential is reduced.

On the other hand, in the refrigerating apparatus of the present embodiment, for example, a rotary type, a scroll type, or an oscillating type is used as a compressor, and a lubricating oil for a mixed refrigerant of the ammonia and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used. A compatible naphthenic or paraffinic mineral oil or a synthetic oil is used to ensure compressor driveability and to reliably prevent clogging of the capillary tube. As the above synthetic oil, for example, alkylbenzene oil, ether oil, ester oil, fluorine oil and the like are used.

As a result, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus can be applied without causing global warming and without modifying the system structure of the conventional CFC-based refrigeration circuit. As a refrigerating machine oil, a conventional mineral oil or synthetic oil can be used.

R22 (saturated vapor pressure: 21 ° C. at 55 ° C.)
The following can be easily obtained as a refrigerating capacity equivalent to 75 KPa (584.0 KPa at 5 ° C.).

(1) A refrigerant mixture of two kinds of ammonia and propylene (2) A refrigerant mixture of two kinds of ammonia and propane (3) A refrigerant mixture of two kinds of ammonia and cyclopropane (4) A refrigerant mixture of ammonia, propylene and cyclopropane
Species mixed refrigerant (5) Ammonia, propylene and propane ternary refrigerant mixture (6) Ammonia, propylene and isobutane ternary refrigerant mixture (7) Ammonia, cyclopropane and propane ternary refrigerant mixture (8) Ammonia and cyclopropane And isobutane 3
Fifth Embodiment In a refrigerating apparatus according to the fifth embodiment, in a refrigerating apparatus in which a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator are connected in a ring to form a refrigerating circuit, ammonia is used as a refrigerant. Refrigerant, such as HFC32, HFC134a, HFC125, HFC2
3. While using a refrigerant mixed with a non-ammonia-based alternative refrigerant containing one or more of HFC143a and HFC152a, an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil. It is configured.

As the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant, for example, the following Table 5
Methane, ethane, propylene, ethylene, cyclobutane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-
Those containing one or more of pentane, cyclopentane, propane, and cyclopropane are employed.

[0074]

[Table 5]

The above ammonia (NH ₃ : carbon number 0, 2310 KPa at a saturated vapor pressure of 55 ° C., 515.7 KP at 5 ° C.)
a) and each of the hydrocarbon-based refrigerants and their mixed refrigerants, unlike Freon, have a global warming potential of almost zero. Therefore, in the refrigeration circuit configured by connecting the compressor, the condenser, the throttle device, and the evaporator as described above in a ring, the mixed refrigerant of the ammonia and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant, By using a mixed refrigerant obtained by mixing such non-ammonia-based alternative refrigerants, a refrigeration system that does not destroy the ozone layer and does not cause global warming can be realized. Moreover, the refrigerating capacity is CFC-based old refrigerant R12 (CFC12), R22 (HCFC22).
Close to.

The global warming potential GWP at which the properties of a substance influences global warming is generally determined by the product of its own infrared absorption properties and its lifetime (existence time) in the atmosphere. Ammonia (NH ₃ ) and hydrocarbons (HC)
Has a lifetime in the atmosphere of CFC (CFC12, HCFC22)
Considering that it is not particularly short as compared with the above, it is considered that the reason why the global warming potential of ammonia and hydrocarbon is close to zero as described above is mainly due to the difference in infrared absorption characteristics.

In the case of chlorofluorocarbon, due to its composition, hydrocarbon HC
It is considered that because a part of the hydrogen H of the above was replaced by fluorine F, the absorption characteristics of infrared rays changed due to the presence of the fluorine F, and thus the global warming potential was increased.

However, in the case of each of the ammonia and hydrocarbon refrigerants and the refrigerant mixture thereof, such infrared absorption characteristics are small and there is no change. Therefore, the global warming potential is reduced.

On the other hand, in the refrigerating apparatus of the present embodiment, for example, a rotary type, a scroll type, and an oscillating type are employed as a compressor, and a mixed refrigerant of the ammonia and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil. Uses naphthenic or paraffinic mineral oil or synthetic oil that is compatible with the refrigerant mixture with the ammonia-based alternative refrigerant to ensure compressor driveability and ensure that the capillary tubes are clogged. Is prevented. As the above synthetic oil, for example, alkylbenzene oil, ether oil, ester oil, fluorine oil and the like are used.

As a result, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus can be applied without causing global warming and without modifying the system structure of the conventional CFC-based refrigeration circuit. As a refrigerating machine oil, a conventional mineral oil or synthetic oil can be used.

From the relationship between the refrigerant and its saturated vapor pressure, R22 (saturated vapor pressure: 21 ° C. at 55 ° C.)
The following can be easily obtained as a refrigerating capacity equivalent to 75 KPa (584.0 KPa at 5 ° C.).

(1) -1 2 of ammonia and propylene
Mixed refrigerant of seed mixed refrigerant and HFC134a -2 Mixed refrigerant of ammonia and propylene and HFC
32 mixed refrigerant with ammonia and propylene and HFC
Refrigerant mixture with 125 (2) -1 Two kinds of refrigerant mixture of ammonia and propane and H
Mixed refrigerant with FC134a -2 Mixed refrigerant with ammonia and propane and HFC3
-2 mixed refrigerant with ammonia-3 propane and HFC1
(3) -1 Mixed refrigerant of ammonia and cyclopropane and mixed refrigerant of HFC134a -2 Mixed refrigerant of ammonia and cyclopropane and H
Refrigerant mixed with FC32 -3 Two kinds refrigerant mixed with ammonia and cyclopropane and H
Refrigerant mixture with FC125 (4) -1 Refrigerant mixture of three kinds of ammonia, propylene and cyclopropane and HFC134a -2 Refrigerant mixture of three kinds of refrigerant of ammonia, propylene and cyclopropane and HFC32 -3 Ammonia and A refrigerant mixture of three kinds of refrigerants of propylene and cyclopropane and HFC125 (5) -1 A refrigerant mixture of three kinds of refrigerants of ammonia, propylene and propane and HFC134a -2 A refrigerant mixture of three kinds of ammonia, propylene and propane and HFC32 -3 mixed refrigerant of ammonia, propylene and propane and mixed refrigerant of HFC125 (6) -1 3 of ammonia, propylene and isobutane
A mixed refrigerant of a mixed refrigerant of HFC134a and HFC134a-2 A mixed refrigerant of three mixed refrigerants of ammonia, propylene and isobutane and a mixed refrigerant of HFC32-3 A mixed refrigerant of three mixed refrigerants of ammonia, propylene and isobutane and HFC125 (7) -1 A refrigerant mixture of ammonia, cyclopropane and propane and a mixed refrigerant of HFC134a -2 A refrigerant mixture of ammonia, cyclopropane and propane and a refrigerant mixture of HFC32 -3 Ammonia, cyclopropane and propane and a refrigerant mixture of three Refrigerant mixture with HFC125 (8) -1 Refrigerant mixture of ammonia, cyclopropane and isobutane and HFC134a -2 Refrigerant mixture of ammonia, cyclopropane and isobutane and HFC32 -3 Ammonia Three types of cyclopropane and isobutane Mixed refrigerant of mixed refrigerant and HFC125

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A refrigeration system comprising a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator in a ring shape, wherein a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as a refrigerant, and the hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil. A refrigeration apparatus characterized by using oil compatible with a hydrogen-based refrigerant. 2. A refrigeration system comprising a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator in an annular manner, wherein a mixture of a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and a non-hydrocarbon-based alternative refrigerant is used as a refrigerant. A refrigeration apparatus using a refrigerant and using an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant as a lubricating oil. 3. A refrigeration system comprising a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator in an annular manner, wherein a mixed refrigerant of ammonia and a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant is used as a refrigerant. A refrigerating apparatus, wherein an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant is used as a lubricating oil. 4. A refrigeration apparatus comprising a refrigeration circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator in a ring shape, wherein a refrigerant mixture of ammonia and a hydrocarbon-based refrigerant and a non-ammonia-based refrigerant are used. A refrigeration apparatus using a mixed refrigerant with an alternative refrigerant and using an oil compatible with the mixed refrigerant as a lubricating oil. 5. The refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein the oil is a naphthenic mineral oil. 6. The refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein the oil is a paraffinic mineral oil. 7. The refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein the oil is a synthetic oil.