CN1182468A - 催化剂承载装置 - Google Patents

催化剂承载装置 Download PDF

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CN1182468A
CN1182468A CN96193516A CN96193516A CN1182468A CN 1182468 A CN1182468 A CN 1182468A CN 96193516 A CN96193516 A CN 96193516A CN 96193516 A CN96193516 A CN 96193516A CN 1182468 A CN1182468 A CN 1182468A
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monolithic
shell
attached
sheet metal
monolith
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CN1084429C (zh
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斯文·M·尼尔森
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SVEN M NILSSON
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SVEN M NILSSON
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2842Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for monolithic supports, e.g. of honeycomb type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28Construction of catalytic reactors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及催化转化器所用的承载装置,它包括一个由设计来支承催化剂的支承件单片(3)以及一个围封着单片(3)的金属外壳(2、9)构成的催化体(1)。外壳(2、9)的内宽超过单片(3)的内宽,从而在外壳(2、9)与单片(3)之间形成空隙(6、11)。这个空隙(6、11)至少在围着单片(3)的周边伸展部分(7、10)区域内被跨越,单片(3)被沿着该部分(7、10)附接在外壳(2、9)上。

Description

催化剂承载装置
本发明涉及催化转化器所用的承载装置。
在内燃机排气系统中用于支承催化剂的基片主要是陶瓷材料片。然而近年来,金属基片已被大量采用。金属基片的优点,在于它比陶瓷基片更迅速地达到工作温度,相应地,在启始工作后的较早阶段开始其废气净化功能,这是最重要的性能。另外,金属基片是更有效的热导体,因此,它可更迅速地受热,且局部过热的危险性也就减小了。而且,金属基片比陶瓷基片承受更高的温度。
所谓金属单片作为支承催化剂的承载装置而被采用。这些单片由最好是不锈钢的金属薄片构成,是由平坦构形的金属薄片与波纹构形的金属薄片交替缠绕成卷制成的,从而形成穿透催化体的通流管。薄片的厚度小得通常仅为0.05nm。催化体包括一层金属包复层,它形成一层外壳,围绕着所接触的单片。包复层的厚度可为大约1至1.6mm。
当内燃机运行期间热废气流经单片时,薄的承载件薄片迅速受热。通常,温度迅速达到500至800℃。在有些类型的内燃机中,温度可升至1100至1200℃之间。一旦内燃机停运时,催化体的温度迅速降至外界温度的程度。
温度反复变化,形成了一个影响催化体长期使用寿命的问题。单片中那些迅速受热的薄片,也迅速膨胀。贴靠着单片而不与废气紧密接触的那层材料厚度较大的周围外壳,以较慢的速度受热及膨胀。因此,在受热时,外壳防止单片扩张,这样会形成相当大的致使单片变形的径向压力。当达到上述高温程度时,金属的强度也会大大降低,通常降至其在室温下强度的约10%,这会加剧变形并减短单片的寿命。
但内燃机停运且废气冷却下来时,相反的现象发生了,即单片的薄片冷却速度快于那层较厚的周围外壳。因而,在单片的最外部与那层包复层之间,产生了相当大的张力。
由于上述各种原因,就涉及到金属单片在其外壳内如何附接的很多问题。已有人就此提出并测试过不同的一些解决办法,但通常收效甚微。也有人开发了一些行之有效的构造,例如一家德国公司Emitec GmbH就开发过,但这些构造比较复杂而且昂贵。所有这些在先工艺解决办法的一个共同特征是,其中用于单片的不同金属薄片层,是靠软焊而相互连接的,而最外面那层薄片则软焊在那层周围外壳上。
本发明提供一种简便、可靠而经济实惠的解决稳固问题的方法。该办法对于按上述方式软焊在一起的金属单片及不用软焊而以某种其他方式把金属单片连接在一起,均有作用。该附接方法的特征性能,表述在随附的权利要求中。
下面,参照附图更详细地说明本发明。这些附图中:
图1是穿过催化体而绘制的纵向剖面局部示意图;
图2是穿过催化体而绘制的相似纵向剖面图,显示一个符合本发明的附接装置改进品;以及
图3是符合本发明的附接装置的一部分放大视图。
图1显示发明标的物的基本设计方案。催化体1包括一层围封着所谓单片3的金属外壳2。单片则由承载件构成,这些承载件设计得支承着催化剂,并且,由一些安排得使平坦构形的金属薄片4与波纹构形的金属薄片交替而螺旋缠绕的金属薄片构成,以便形成穿通催化体1的通流管5。单片3的宽度或直径,微小于外壳2的内宽。相应地,在外壳2与单片3之间形成空隙6,其大小依不同的温度范围而变化。
按照本发明,外壳2具有至少一个条状凹陷部7,按附图所示实施例是有两个这样的凹陷部,因而,在对着该凹陷部的区域,单片周围的空隙6就消除了。沿着这些凹陷部7,外壳2与单片3最好仅在被隔开的间隔8处,例如以软焊或焊接方式互相连接。
在单片3被流经它的废气加热时,单片3膨胀得比外壳2快,这部分是由于单片3与热废气接触较紧密,部分是由于外壳2的材料较厚的缘故。除了在单片3最外面的薄片4发生某种变形的凹陷7区域之外,此时基本上无妨碍地发生膨胀。因而,沿着单片3主要表面部分,不会产生压力。当外壳与单片3再度冷却时,单片3可再度收缩,从而空隙6再度扩开。
由于单片3在凹陷部7区域内仅遭受少量的局部变形,且可以到处自由地膨胀与收缩,催化体1比起迄今所可能的来,可以在不受损伤的情况下长期起作用,从而增加了其使用寿命。
可以省略为把一片或一些最外层的薄片4,沿着整个薄片的长度,连接在紧挨在其之内的薄片上,而不是一片接一片地连接在横向离开附接点8的一些点上,来达到进一步的改进。当单片3冷却下来随之收缩时,由于最外层薄片互相连接点之间的最外层薄片4被赋予的弹性,在附接点8处不会有多大的张力。
图2与图3显示符合本发明的附接方式的改进型。在此情况下,排气管9用作外壳。根据这个改进方式,单片3的每一端带有一个圆环10,该环突出得在其相关的单片端部外,并被接在排气管9上。环10最好按图1所示实施例相同的方式,在分离的间隔12处,附接着单片3。环10跨越过排气管9与单片3之间形成的空隙11,因此,单片一旦受热与冷却时,就被赋予一个供膨胀与收缩的比较自由的空间,同时,它还在排气管9之内被牢固地连接着。
本发明并不限于所显示与说明的几个实施例,而是可在随附权利要求的范围内以多种方式做修改。例如,可在外壳2与单片3之间插入一个或几个插入物,而不是在外壳中形成凹陷部7,来消去空隙6。

Claims (5)

1.催化转化器所用的承载装置,包括一个由设计来支承催化剂的支承件单片(3)以及材料厚度超过金属薄片(4)厚度并围封着单片(3)的金属外壳(2)构成的催化体(1),该承载件由一些交替叠加而螺旋缠绕成穿通催化体(1)的通流管(5)的平坦构形金属薄片与波纹构形金属薄片(4)构成,该承载装置的特征在于:外壳(2、9)的内宽超过单片(3)的内宽从而在外壳(2、9)与单片(3)之间形成空隙(6、11),还在于上述空隙(6、11)至少在围着单片(3)的周边伸展部分(7、10)区域内被跨越,该单片(3)被沿着该部分(7、10)附接在壳(2、9)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:空隙(6)在上述部分(7)内被外壳(2)的径向凹陷部跨越。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:在上述部分(7)区域内,单片(3)仅在周边上围着单片的一些点(8)中被附接在外壳(2)上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:单片(3)形成于在单片(3)与外壳(9)之间跨越并附接在外壳(9)上的一个周边圆环(10)的每一端。
5.根据权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于:环(10)仅在沿着单片周边的一些点(12)上被附接在单片(3)上。
CN96193516A 1995-04-27 1996-04-18 催化剂承载装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1084429C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9501556-6 1995-04-27
SE9501556A SE506670C2 (sv) 1995-04-27 1995-04-27 Fästarrangemang för katalysatorer

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CN1182468A true CN1182468A (zh) 1998-05-20
CN1084429C CN1084429C (zh) 2002-05-08

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EP (1) EP0840840B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH11504094A (zh)
KR (1) KR19990008026A (zh)
CN (1) CN1084429C (zh)
AU (1) AU5412096A (zh)
DE (1) DE69629196T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2203689T3 (zh)
SE (1) SE506670C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO1996034188A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1096542C (zh) * 1997-03-21 2002-12-18 凯米拉梅塔尔卡特公司 催化反应器的改进
AU2795297A (en) * 1997-03-21 1998-10-20 Sven Melker Nilsson Improvements in catalytic reactors
SE9704265L (sv) 1997-11-21 1998-10-19 Nilcon Eng Ab Katalysator med kamfläns för fastklämning
SE522537C2 (sv) 2000-03-21 2004-02-17 Kemira Metalkat Oy Katalysatorbärare med mantel
US20020170908A1 (en) * 2001-02-12 2002-11-21 Reijo Lylykangas Metal reactor cell and manufacturing method thereof
JP5080306B2 (ja) * 2008-02-14 2012-11-21 エコキャット オサケユイチア 改良された触媒反応器
DE102018201738A1 (de) * 2018-02-05 2019-08-08 Continental Automotive Gmbh Katalysator und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3664361D1 (en) * 1985-07-25 1989-08-17 Interatom Mounting device for a metallic flue gas catalyst support body, and method of manufacturing it
JPH0721855Y2 (ja) * 1987-07-10 1995-05-17 日産自動車株式会社 触媒コンバータ装置
DE8812762U1 (de) * 1988-10-11 1989-06-29 Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH, 5204 Lohmar Katalysator mit Doppelmantelsystem
DE3926072C2 (de) * 1989-08-07 1994-01-13 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Katalysator zur Abgasreinigung mit elastischen Elementen zum Ausgleich von Längsdehnungen
DE3930680A1 (de) * 1989-09-14 1991-03-28 Behr Gmbh & Co Katalysator zur abgasreinigung mit dehnungen ausgleichender lagerung
JPH0634927B2 (ja) * 1989-11-16 1994-05-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 排気ガス浄化触媒用メタル担体

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WO1996034188A1 (en) 1996-10-31
DE69629196D1 (de) 2003-08-28
EP0840840B1 (en) 2003-07-23
SE9501556L (sv) 1996-10-28
AU5412096A (en) 1996-11-18
EP0840840A1 (en) 1998-05-13
KR19990008026A (ko) 1999-01-25
DE69629196T2 (de) 2004-02-19
JPH11504094A (ja) 1999-04-06
SE506670C2 (sv) 1998-01-26
SE9501556D0 (sv) 1995-04-27
CN1084429C (zh) 2002-05-08
ES2203689T3 (es) 2004-04-16

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