CN118236465A - 一种预防流感的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种预防流感的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种预防流感的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用,其包括以下重量份的原料药:生薏苡仁6‑30g、木棉花5‑30g、藿香3‑20g、紫苏叶3‑15g、防风3‑15g、连翘3‑15g、黄芪3‑20g,生姜5‑20g。本申请的中药组合物使用岭南道地药材,简、便、廉、验,寒温并用,祛邪不伤正,扶正不敛邪,化湿不伤阴,祛邪扶正并举,对预防流感具有良好的效果,可以增强机体免疫力,起到很好的预防保健效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种预防流感的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
中国疾病预防与控制中心监测数据显示,2023年2月份以来,我国南、北方省份流感病毒检测阳性率继续上升,以H1N1、H3N2亚型及乙型流感病毒中的Victoria株系为主。我国坚持“预防为主、防治结合、依法科学、分级分类”的传染病防控原则,在预防方面,针对流感的中西医预防方案不在少数,但是同时达到“祛邪不伤正,扶正不敛邪,化湿不伤阴”作用的中药组方却少之又少,因此,十分有必要开发一种能达到前述作用的中药组方。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种预防流感的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用,以解决前述问题。
根据本发明的一个方面,本发明提供了一种预防流感的中药组合物,其包括以下重量份的原料药:生薏苡仁6-30份、木棉花5-30份、藿香3-20份、紫苏叶3-15份、防风3-15份、连翘3-15份、黄芪3-20份、生姜5-20份。
方中,连翘苦、微寒,清热解毒、疏散风热;防风辛甘,微温,可疏风解表,是风药中润剂,两者共为君药,合奏共奏清热解毒、祛邪辟秽之效。生薏苡仁甘淡性凉,有健脾益胃、补肺清热、祛风胜湿之效;木棉花有清热除湿、解郁除烦之效,藿香辛而微温,可解表散邪、利湿除风、清热止渴,三者共为臣药,助君药祛邪解毒,同时可以醒脾胃,化湿浊。黄芪乃补气之圣药,合连翘可使清热解毒而不伤正,合防风可使疏风解表而力量刚劲;紫苏叶辛温,可解表散寒、行气宽中,合防风可增加解表之效,合生薏苡仁、木棉花、藿香,可增强其健脾化湿之力。黄芪、紫苏叶两者共为佐药。生姜辛、温,可入肺、脾、胃,解表散寒、温中止呕、温肺止咳,调和诸药,是为使药。诸药相合,共奏清热疏风、托里透邪之效。
本申请的中药组合物通过合理配伍,多种中药协同作用,不仅可以清热疏风、托里透邪,还可健脾化湿、醒脾和胃,能针对性的缓解鼻塞流涕、疲倦乏力、咽干咽痛、纳差欲呕、大便溏薄等不适。中医药在三因制宜、未病先防及正气存内、邪不可干等学术思想理论的指导下,能够同时作用于多种生物学途径,发挥广谱抗病毒作用,在防治流行性感冒上具有简、便、廉、验的特点。
本申请的中药组合物使用岭南道地药材,寒温并用,祛邪不伤正,扶正不敛邪,化湿不伤阴,祛邪扶正并举,对预防流感具有良好的效果,可以增强机体免疫力,起到很好的预防保健效果。
在一些实施方式中,上述中药组合物原料药的比例关系可以优选为:生薏苡仁10-25份、木棉花10-25份、藿香5-15份、紫苏叶5-15份、防风5-15份、连翘5-15份、黄芪5-15份、生姜10-20份。
在一些实施方式中,上述中药组合物原料药的比例关系可以进一步优选为:生薏苡仁20份、木棉花15份、藿香10份、紫苏叶10份、防风10份、连翘10份、黄芪10份、生姜15份。
在一些实施方式中,上述中药组合物还可以包括医学上可接受的辅料,以便制成患者所需的不同剂型,便于使用、保存和运输,满足临床和市场需求;其中所用辅料均为现有技术常用的辅料,包括赋形剂、风味剂、粘合剂、填充剂、崩解剂、润滑剂等等。
在一些实施方式中,预防流感的中药组合物可以为丸剂、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、口服溶液剂、粉剂或喷雾剂等等。其中,本中药组合物的服用形式多见于口服溶液剂,便于患者煎制、服用。
根据本发明的另一个方面,本发明还提供了预防流感的中药组合物的制备方法,当中药组合物为口服溶液剂时,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取原料药;
(2)将原料加入8-12倍重量份的水中浸泡,然后加热至沸并保持微沸,分离后得第一煎液和药渣;
(3)取第一次煎煮后所得的药渣,加相当于原料药总质量的8-10倍重量份的水,加热至沸,保持微沸,分离后得第二煎液和药渣;合并第一煎液和第二煎液,得到口服溶液剂。
根据本发明的另一个方面,本发明还提供了预防流感的中药组合物的制备方法,当中药组合物为粉剂时,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取生薏苡仁,粉碎,同时过10目和50目筛网,不能通过10目筛的粗颗粒继续粉碎,取位于10目筛和50目筛之间的粉末;
(2)按照步骤(1)的方法分别将木棉花、藿香、紫苏叶、防风、连翘、黄芪、生姜粉碎成粉末;
(3)将各原料粉末混合均匀,装入封装袋中,封口即可。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了上述预防流感的中药组合物在制备预防流感药物方面的应用。
本发明预防流感的中药组合物还可用于制备缓解鼻塞流涕、疲倦乏力、咽干咽痛、纳差欲呕、大便溏薄症状药物。
附图说明
图1为死亡保护实验中不同组别小鼠体重变化趋势;其中,NC代表空白组,V代表病毒组,YH代表中药组合物高剂量组(浓度为6.072g/ml),YM代表中药组合物中剂量组(浓度为3.036g/ml),YL代表中药组合物低剂量组(浓度为1.518g/ml)。
图2、图3分别为死亡保护实验中不同情形下各个组别的生存曲线。
图4为小鼠急性肺损伤保护实验中不同组别小鼠体重变化趋势。
图5为不同组别小鼠肺组织结构及HE染色图。
图6为不同组别小鼠肺组织H1N1 mRNA的表达情况。
图7为不同组别小鼠肺指数情况。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。若无特殊说明,以下原料药均为市购。
本发明所提供的中药组合物主要针对预防流感人员,下面列举了本发明实施例1-2的组分和重量。
实施例1
一种预防流感的中药组合物,其包括以下原料药:生薏苡仁20g、木棉花15g、藿香10g、紫苏叶10g、防风10g、连翘10g、黄芪10g、生姜15g。
上述中药组合物制备成口服溶液剂时,可按照如下方法制备而成:
(1)按重量大约称取生薏苡仁20g、木棉花15g、藿香10g、紫苏叶10g、防风10g、连翘10g、黄芪10g、生姜15g;
(2)将称好的原料药加入约10倍重量的水中浸泡约30分钟,然后加热至沸,保持微沸1小时左右,分离后得第一煎液和药渣;取第一次煎煮后所得的药渣,加相当于原料药总质量的约8倍重量的水,加热至沸,保持微沸1小时左右,分离后得第二煎液和药渣;合并第一煎液和第二煎液,得到口服溶液剂;
(3)将所得口服溶液剂冷却后分装,该配比为一剂药量,一剂药量约150mL。
实施例2
一种预防流感的中药组合物,其包括以下原料药:生薏苡仁20g、木棉花15g、藿香10g、紫苏叶10g、防风10g、连翘10g、黄芪10g、生姜15g。
还可以根据以下制备方法将其打成粉末后制成煎剂或颗粒剂等剂型:
(1)取生薏苡仁,粉碎,同时过10目和50目筛网,不能通过10目筛的粗颗粒继续粉碎,取位于10目筛和50目筛之间的粉末;
(2)按照步骤(1)的方法分别将木棉花、藿香、紫苏叶、防风、连翘、黄芪、生姜粉碎成粉末;
(3)将各原料粉末混合均匀,装入封装袋中,封口即可。
为说明本发明的中药组合物的治疗效果,进行如下动物实验。其中,所用中药组合物采用实施例1制备的口服溶液剂。
一、死亡保护实验
将50只6-8周龄Balb/c小鼠分为空白组,病毒组,中药组合物高剂量组,中药组合物中剂量组,中药组合物低剂量组,共5组,雄鼠,每组10只。除空白组外,其他组均使用甲型流感病毒(H1N1/A/PR8)株病毒稀释液2LD50滴鼻感染小鼠,中药组合物组于攻毒前一周开始灌胃给药,每天一次,给药7天。每天观察和记录小鼠体质量及其一般情况,于感染后第14天结束观察。计算死亡保护率,结果如表1-2所示。
表1实际死亡情况
说明:计算实际死亡情况,应用log-rank检验比较不同组别的生存时间,病毒组和预防方的高剂量组两组的生存曲线具有显著性差异(P<0.05),病毒组和低剂量组的生存曲线具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
表2体重<70%算为死亡的情况
说明:按照动物伦理要求以体重70%作为人道终点,计算死亡情况,应用log-rank检验比较不同组别的生存时间,病毒组和预防方的高、中、低剂量组的生存曲线无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
二、小鼠急性肺损伤保护实验
将60只6-8周龄Balb/c小鼠分为空白组,模型组,中药组合物高剂量组,中药组合物中剂量组,中药组合物低剂量组,金银花组、小黄姜组、金银花+小黄姜组共8组,雄鼠,每组12只。除空白组外,其他组均使用甲型流感病毒(H1N1/A/PR8)株病毒稀释液2LD50滴鼻感染小鼠,中药组合物组于攻毒前一周开始灌胃给药,每天一次,给药直至取材结束。金银花组、小黄姜组、金银花+小黄姜组三组在小鼠滴鼻攻毒后连续给药7天。每天观察和记录小鼠体质量及其一般情况,于感染后第7天腹膜内注射100mg/kg戊巴比妥钠后取小鼠血液和摘取肺组织进行称重。
其中,金银花组为30g金银花,小黄姜组为60g小黄姜;金银花+小黄姜组:金银花30g+小黄姜60g。
观察指标:
1.所有的BALB/c小鼠肺组织用于甲醛固定后进行HE染色,观察病理切片情况。
2.取所有的BALB/c小鼠肺组织用于计算小鼠肺指数。
3.每组取6只BALB/c小鼠肺组织进行qPCR实验,观察病毒复制情况。
各组实验小鼠体重变化可参阅图4,与模型组比较,中药组合物组可以改善小鼠的体重下降,提示中药组合物组可能改善小鼠的生存率。
所有的BALB/c小鼠肺组织及其HE染色图可参阅图5,结果显示,正常对照组(即空白组)小鼠肺组织结构正常,肺泡壁薄,肺泡腔清晰可见,未出血和炎性细胞浸润。模型对照组小鼠肺泡壁和间隔增厚,炎性细胞浸润,损伤较明显,与正常对照组比较,模型对照组小鼠肺病理损伤程度显著增高,表明模型成功。与模型对照组比较,中药组合物高、中、低剂量组和金银花组、小黄姜组、金银花+小黄姜组肺组织病理程度显著降低,肺形态结构较为正常,炎性细胞浸润程度明显减轻,基本无病理损伤,可推测该中药组合物对急性肺损伤有一定的保护作用。
图6和图7显示,与正常对照组小鼠比较,模型组小鼠肺组织H1N1mRNA的表达和肺指数显著升高(P<0.05);与模型对照组小鼠比较,中药组合物高中低剂量三组和金银花、小黄姜、金银花+小黄姜组的H1N1mRNA的表达显著降低(P<0.05),中药组合物低剂量组肺指数与模型组无显著性差异,其余各组的肺指数均显著降低(P<0.05)。
以上所述的仅是本发明的一些实施方式。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.预防流感的中药组合物,其特征在于,其包括以下重量份的原料药:生薏苡仁6-30份、木棉花5-30份、藿香3-20份、紫苏叶3-15份、防风3-15份、连翘3-15份、黄芪3-20份、生姜5-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的预防流感的中药组合物,其特征在于,其包括以下重量份的原料药:生薏苡仁10-25份、木棉花10-25份、藿香5-15份、紫苏叶5-15份、防风5-15份、连翘5-15份、黄芪5-15份、生姜10-20份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的预防流感的中药组合物,其特征在于,其包括以下重量份的原料药:生薏苡仁20份、木棉花15份、藿香10份、紫苏叶10份、防风10份、连翘10份、黄芪10份、生姜15份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的预防流感的中药组合物,其特征在于,还包括医学上可接受的辅料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的预防流感的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物为丸剂、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、口服溶液剂、粉剂或喷雾剂。
6.权利要求5所述的预防流感的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物为口服溶液剂时,制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按配比称取原料药;
(2)将原料加入8-12倍重量份的水中浸泡,然后加热至沸并保持微沸,分离后得第一煎液和药渣;
(3)取第一次煎煮后所得的药渣,加相当于原料药总质量的8-10倍重量份的水,加热至沸,保持微沸,分离后得第二煎液和药渣;合并第一煎液和第二煎液,得到口服溶液剂。
7.根据权利要求5所述的预防流感的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物为口服溶液剂时,制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)取生薏苡仁,粉碎,同时过10目和50目筛网,不能通过10目筛的粗颗粒继续粉碎,取位于10目筛和50目筛之间的粉末;
(2)按照步骤(1)的方法分别将木棉花、藿香、紫苏叶、防风、连翘、黄芪、生姜粉碎成粉末;
(3)将各原料粉末混合均匀,装入封装袋中,封口即可。
8.权利要求1-4任一项所述的预防流感的中药组合物在制备预防流感药物方面的应用。
9.权利要求1-4任一项所述的预防流感的中药组合物在制备缓解鼻塞流涕、疲倦乏力、咽干咽痛、纳差欲呕、大便溏薄症状药物方面的应用。
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