CN118209546B - Rapid compost maturity detection method - Google Patents
Rapid compost maturity detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118209546B CN118209546B CN202410627894.0A CN202410627894A CN118209546B CN 118209546 B CN118209546 B CN 118209546B CN 202410627894 A CN202410627894 A CN 202410627894A CN 118209546 B CN118209546 B CN 118209546B
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- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010907 stover Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of composting, and provides a rapid compost maturity detection method, which comprises a rapid compost maturity detection device, wherein the rapid compost maturity detection device comprises a detection cup and a colorimetric card, a titrator is arranged at the top of the detection cup, and a stirring fan is arranged in the detection cup; the color comparison card is divided into two parts, which correspond to the color comparison of the magnesium oxide solution without adding and the magnesium oxide solution; the method specifically comprises the following steps: putting a certain amount of compost sample to be tested into a detection cup, adding a certain amount of distilled water, soaking, and then turning on a stirring fan to stir by the stirring fan; after being stirred uniformly, standing; comparing the solution with the front part of the color chart, and then adding magnesium oxide into a titrator for titration; and then comparing the color change of the sample solution with a colorimetric card to determine the degree of decomposition of the compost sample. The method has the advantages of low cost, easy operation, high detection efficiency and accurate detection result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composting, and particularly relates to a rapid compost maturity detection method.
Background
Composting is an effective way to convert agricultural waste into organic fertilizer. With the development of economy, agriculture has also made great progress, and the solid waste produced is increasing. The resource utilization of agricultural and forestry wastes is enhanced, the construction of livestock and poultry manure treatment facilities is enhanced, and a circulating agricultural production mode is established. The reasonable utilization and development of agricultural wastes have important strategic significance for protecting nature and promoting sustainable development of agriculture.
For compost products, the degree of maturity is a key point in grasping the quality. When the compost products are over-rotten, nutrients in the compost products are not fully utilized, and resources are wasted; however, part of organic matters in the incompletely decomposed compost are not completely decomposed and are not stabilized, and harmful substances are contained in the incompletely decomposed compost, so that crops can be poisoned, the growth can not be promoted, and the normal growth and development of the crops can be influenced.
Composting by taking cow dung and corn straw as composting substrates is a common composting means in the prior art. In the prior art, a plurality of methods for detecting the compost maturity of the fertilizer are too complicated, strict requirements are met, the detection time is long, the detection needs to be completed in a laboratory, and the requirements on laboratory staff are high; still others are too expensive instruments and too high experimental costs. Therefore, the invention needs to provide a method which has low cost and easy operation and can rapidly detect the decomposition degree of the compost samples.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a rapid compost maturity detection method, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the rapid compost maturity detection device comprises a detection cup and a colorimetric card, wherein a titrator is arranged at the top of the detection cup, a titration cover is arranged on the titrator, and a stirring fan is also arranged in the detection cup;
The color setting of the color comparison card is manufactured according to known compost maturity samples, different maturity corresponds to different degrees of color, the color comparison card is divided into two comparison modes, each comparison mode corresponds to three maturity degrees, wherein the first comparison mode is solution color comparison when no magnesium oxide solution is added, three maturity degrees are respectively 0-30%, 30% -60% and 60% -100%, the other comparison mode is solution color comparison after the magnesium oxide solution is added, and the three degrees are respectively 0-30%, 30% -60% and 60% -100%.
Another object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a rapid compost maturity detection method, based on the rapid compost maturity detection device, comprising the following specific steps:
Step 1, taking a certain amount of compost samples to be tested, putting the compost samples into a detection cup, adding a certain amount of distilled water according to a certain volume ratio, soaking for a fixed period of time, and then turning on a stirring fan to stir by the stirring fan;
step 2, after stirring uniformly, standing;
Step 3, after standing is completed, performing primary color comparison on the color of the solution and the color chart, and then adding magnesium oxide into a titrator for titration;
and 4, after the titration is completed, the color of the sample solution is changed, and after the color development reaction is completed, the color of the solution in the detection cup is compared with a colorimetric card to determine the maturity of the compost sample.
According to a further technical scheme, in the step 1, the addition amount of the compost sample to be tested is 4g.
In the further technical scheme, in the step 1, the volume ratio of the sample to distilled water is 1:50, the time for soaking the compost sample is 10min, the stirring time is 20min, and the stirring speed is 10-15rpm.
According to a further technical scheme, in the step 2, the standing time of the sample is 30min.
In a further technical scheme, in the step 3, the time for titrating the sample is 10min, the concentration of the magnesium oxide solution is 1mg/ml, and the amount of the dropwise added magnesium oxide is 10ml.
The rapid compost maturity detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The method has low cost, easy operation, strong practicability and stronger popularization value;
(2) According to the method, the sample is fully and uniformly mixed by stirring, so that the detection result is more accurate and reliable;
(3) According to the method, the degree of decomposition of the sample can be detected according to the principle of the color reaction of hydroquinone, catechol and magnesium oxide through the color reaction of the leaching solution after sample precipitation and magnesium oxide.
(4) The method is characterized in that a corresponding color comparison card is manufactured according to a known compost maturity sample, the content of hydroquinone and catechol in the compost sample is detected according to a high performance liquid chromatography method in advance to determine the compost sample maturity, and six different colors are formed according to the manufactured color comparison card. The color of the solution before and after the reaction of the compost sample leaching solution and the magnesium oxide is compared with that of the colorimetric card, so that the degree of decomposition of the compost sample can be well judged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rapid compost maturity detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a colorimetric card in a method for rapidly detecting compost maturity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the hydroquinone concentration in each group over a period of 0-75 days;
FIG. 4 shows the hydroquinone concentration in each group over a 30-75 day period;
FIG. 5 shows catechol concentrations in various groups over a period of 0-75 days;
FIG. 6 shows catechol concentrations in various groups over a 30-75 day period.
In the accompanying drawings: titration cover 1; a detection cup 2; a stirring fan 3; a titrator 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device for rapidly detecting compost maturity provided by an embodiment of the invention comprises a detection cup 2 and a color chart, wherein a titrator 4 is arranged at the top of the detection cup 2, a titration cover 1 is arranged on the titrator 4, and a stirring fan 3 is also arranged in the detection cup 2;
the color setting of the color comparison card is manufactured according to known compost maturity samples, different maturity corresponds to different degrees of color, the color comparison card is divided into two comparison modes, each comparison mode corresponds to three decomposition degrees, wherein the first comparison mode is solution color comparison when no magnesium oxide solution is added, three decomposition degrees are respectively 0-30%, 30% -60% and 60% -100%, and the decomposition degrees respectively correspond to degrees 1, degrees 2 and degrees 3 in the color comparison card. Another comparison mode is that the color of the solution is compared after the magnesium oxide solution is added, and the color is divided into three degrees, namely 0-30%, 30-60% and 60-100% respectively, which correspond to the degrees 1-1, 2-1 and 3-1 in the color chart.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the method is used, a sample is placed in the detection cup 2, then the stirring fan 3 is started to sufficiently stir and mix the sample, and then magnesium oxide preset in the titrator 4 is dripped into the detection cup 2, so that the stirred and precipitated sample reacts with the magnesium oxide in the detection cup 2, the color of the solution before and after the change can be compared with the color chart.
For the specific color setting of the color chart, the content of catechol and hydroquinone in the compost samples is different for samples with different decomposition degrees. The catechol contains an ortho-diphenol hydroxyl group, the ortho-diphenol hydroxyl group can form a complex compound with metal ions such as Mg 2+ and the like, wherein the complex compound formed with Mg 2+ has a certain color, and particularly, if only one alpha-OH or one beta-OH or two-OH are not on the same ring, the complex compound is orange yellow to orange; if there is already one alpha-OH and there is additionally one- -OH which develops a blue to violet (catechol) color in the ortho-position, an orange to red color in the meta-position and a purple to violet (hydroquinone) color in the para-position. In addition, the color of the complex formed by the Mg 2+ with different contents can be different, and the color can be used for identifying the decomposition degree of the compost sample. And adding the magnesium oxide solution serving as a color developing agent into the uniformly stirred sample, and waiting for reaction color development. The color with different decomposition degrees is correspondingly arranged on the color comparison card, so that the color comparison card can be used as a contrast, and the color comparison card does not participate in the reaction.
The invention further provides a rapid compost maturity detection method based on the rapid compost maturity detection device, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, taking a certain amount of compost samples to be tested, putting the compost samples into a detection cup 2, adding a certain amount of distilled water according to a certain volume ratio, soaking for a fixed period of time, and then turning on a stirring fan 3 to stir by the stirring fan 3;
step 2, after stirring uniformly, standing so as to enable an interference substance to be precipitated to the bottom, wherein a solution (i.e. a precipitated leaching solution) is positioned on the upper layer, thereby shielding the interference of the interference substance on subsequent detection;
Step 3, after standing is completed, comparing the color of the solution with the degree 1, the degree 2 and the degree 3 in the color chart, and then adding magnesium oxide into a titrator 4 for titration;
and 4, after the titration is finished, the color of the sample solution is changed, and after the color development reaction is finished, the color of the solution in the detection cup 2 is compared with the degree 1-1, the degree 2-1 and the degree 3-1 in the color chart to determine the decomposition degree of the compost sample.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the step 3, the color contrast without magnesium oxide is performed first, and then the color contrast is performed by dripping magnesium oxide, so that the purpose is to perform preliminary compost maturity judgment first, and the judgment is ambiguous due to the interference of primary colors of the compost samples, so that the comparison is performed twice successively, and the judgment result is more reliable due to the two judgments.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step 1, the addition amount of the compost sample to be tested is 4g.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step 1, the volume ratio of the sample to the distilled water is 1:50, the time for soaking the compost sample is10 min, the stirring time is 20min, and the stirring speed is 10-15rpm.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step 2, the standing time of the sample is 30min.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step 3, the time for titrating the sample is 10min, the concentration of the magnesium oxide solution is 1mg/ml, and the amount of the magnesium oxide added dropwise is 10ml.
In view of the above, the detection time required by the method is about one half hour, and by contrast, the common Solvita test method can generally obtain the detection result within 4 hours, and the method can shorten the time for obtaining the detection result to within 2 hours, thereby greatly improving the detection time.
For composting with cow dung and corn stover as composting substrates, a number of different composting combinations are provided in table 1 below:
The concentration change trend of hydroquinone and catechol in each group is detected respectively in the period of 0-75 days and 30-75 days, and the specific results are shown in figures 3-6, and it can be seen from figures 3-6 that whether vermiculite or biochar is added or whether earthworm is added has no great influence on the change trend, so that the detection method is applicable
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The rapid compost maturity detection method is characterized by comprising a rapid compost maturity detection device, wherein the rapid compost maturity detection device comprises a detection cup and a colorimetric card, a titrator is arranged at the top of the detection cup, a titration cover is arranged on the titrator, and a stirring fan is arranged in the detection cup;
The color setting of the color comparison card is manufactured according to known compost maturity samples, different maturity corresponds to colors of different degrees, the color comparison card is divided into two comparison modes, each comparison mode corresponds to three maturity degrees, wherein the first comparison mode is solution color comparison when no magnesium oxide solution is added, three maturity degrees are respectively 0-30%, 30% -60% and 60% -100%, the decomposition degrees are respectively marked as degree 1, degree 2 and degree 3, the other comparison mode is solution color comparison after magnesium oxide solution is added, the three degrees are respectively 0-30%, 30% -60% and 60% -100%, and the three degrees are respectively marked as degree 1-1, degree 2-1 and degree 3-1;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
Step 1, taking a quantitative compost sample to be tested, putting the quantitative compost sample into a detection cup, adding quantitative distilled water according to a preset volume ratio, soaking for a fixed period of time, and then turning on a stirring fan to stir by the stirring fan;
step 2, after stirring uniformly, standing;
Step 3, after standing is completed, comparing the color of the solution with the degree 1, the degree 2 and the degree 3 in the color chart, and then adding magnesium oxide into a titrator for titration;
And 4, after the titration is completed, the color of the sample solution is changed, and after the color development reaction is completed, the color of the solution in the detection cup is compared with the degree 1-1, the degree 2-1 and the degree 3-1 in the color chart to determine the decomposition degree of the compost sample.
2. The rapid compost maturity detection method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the addition amount of the compost sample to be detected is 4g sample to distilled water volume ratio is 1:50, and the time for soaking the compost sample is 10min.
3. The rapid compost maturity detection method according to claim 2, wherein in said step 1, the stirring time is 20min, and the stirring speed is 10-15rpm.
4. The rapid compost maturity detection method of claim 1, wherein in said step 2, the sample is left standing for 30 minutes.
5. The rapid compost maturity detection method according to claim 1, wherein in said step 3, the time for titrating the sample is10 min, the concentration of the magnesium oxide solution is 1mg/ml, and the amount of magnesium oxide added dropwise is10 ml.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101806738A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-08-18 | 南京农业大学 | Method for fast characterizing compost maturity |
| CN106370778A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-02-01 | 中国农业大学 | Method for determining humus and component contents thereof in sludge compost |
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| KR20110004666U (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-12 | 주식회사 소일테크 | The measurement System for ammonia gas and carbon dioxide gas in compost |
| KR20140083407A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-04 | 주식회사 에코드림 농업회사법인 | Method for measuring compost maturity |
| CN110412022A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-11-05 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of quickly detection organic solid castoff NH3The gel test paper and its application method of volatility |
| CN110059759A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-26 | 南京农业大学 | Compost maturity prediction technique based on weighting LBP- color moment |
| CN110967305A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-07 | 重庆工商大学 | Test paper box for rapidly detecting compost maturity and using method thereof |
| CN111175291A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-19 | 重庆工商大学 | Method for rapidly detecting compost maturity |
| CN115829415A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-03-21 | 金昌市生态环境局 | Method and system for rural organic household garbage compost test and comprehensive evaluation of compost maturity |
| CN116908171B (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2024-06-14 | 中农创达(北京)环保科技有限公司 | Color reagent for detecting compost maturity as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117368410A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-01-09 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for evaluating composting degree of livestock and poultry manure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101806738A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-08-18 | 南京农业大学 | Method for fast characterizing compost maturity |
| CN106370778A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-02-01 | 中国农业大学 | Method for determining humus and component contents thereof in sludge compost |
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