CN1180672C - Storage and pretreatment of root-less grafting, obtained grafting and used apparatus - Google Patents
Storage and pretreatment of root-less grafting, obtained grafting and used apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
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Abstract
To provide a preliminarily grafted seedling-acclimating method by which a time-consuming and highly unsuccessful implantation seedling- acclimating step can partially or wholly be omitted, to provide a preliminarily acclimated grafted seedling obtained by the method, and to provide a preliminarily acclimation apparatus used for the method. This preliminarily grafted seedling-acclimating method comprises stepwisely or continuously subjecting a grafted seedling to preliminary acclimation steps under the rooting or storing conditions of low temperature, high humidity, and shading or weak light and then under a high humidity condition for two or three days toward a climate outer air environmental humidity. The preliminarily acclimated grafted seedling obtained by the method, and the preliminarily acclimation apparatus used for the method.
Description
Technical field
The unrooted that the present invention relates to fruit vegetables connects seedling (be completely cured and connect seedling), can long preservation the unrooted unrooted that connects seedling connect the storage method of seedling, and by changing the part of this storage condition, thereby can omit part or all the environment of the acclimatization in advance method that connects seedling of the acclimatization environment step that connects seedling.
In addition, also relate to method thus obtains connect seedling and implement the used device of these methods.
Background technology
In recent years, according to the inventor's research and development, begun now to produce, sale is referred to as root pruning and grafting method unrooted and connects seedling.As one of them example, for example the spy opens the described example of flat 11-313544 communique (graft seedling growth method).
Come from the graft seedling growth method of this root pruning and grafting method; as described in the claim protection domain of this patent; unnecessary branch with the nursery stock that cuts off; leaf; bud is as the stock grafting of scion and unrooted; and put into cooling agent is housed, the container of heat-barrier material of the shading of the layer of preserving moisture, it is survived in the low temperature and high relative humidity environment.The no root of putting into the container of heat-barrier material connects seedling and can as it is or implant paper web etc. and deliver.The joint portion can survive in 2 to 3 days reliably, was coated with under the situation of binding with paste in the joint portion, just can survive in one day.
On the other hand, the unrooted that survives according to this seedling growing process connects seedling, along with the increase of demand, a problem has also taken place simultaneously.Here it is, employs limited grafting professional, is difficult to deal with production seasonal variation, that increase severely and match with demand.That is to say that problem is, do not catch up with, and must give the professional employ with subsidy etc. at non-time of stress at the busy period output.
Following table is that some in recent years nursery stocks company in the period of one is the branch number of output=sales volume+excess capacity of counting of unit with the moon.The branch numerical table of excess capacity shows is a number (1,690,000) poor of production quantity and the peak period of each month.
Table 1
| Produce and sell number (adding up to 1,551 ten thousand) (ten thousand of units) | |||||
| Month | Produce=sell number | Remainder | Month | Produce=sell number | Remainder |
| January | 100 | 69 | July | 168 | 1 |
| February | 130 | 39 | August | 169 | 0 |
| March | 133 | 36 | September | 167 | 2 |
| April | 158 | 11 | October | 80 | 89 |
| May | 87 | 82 | November | 111 | 58 |
| June | 89 | 80 | December | 159 | 10 |
Expression is in aforementioned table 1, must be equipped with and 1,690,000 professionals that adapt of peak period, all will remain in so in every month.As allocate professional fully according to low valley, certainly shortage of manpower will take place.The mean value of every month is about 1,300,000.If the output of every month calculates according to maintaining an equal level with this value,, can save the labour who is equivalent to 390,000 of its differences for 1,690,000 of peak value (August).In addition,, employ same grafting personnel, can satisfy 2,028 ten thousand demand in the period of one if balancedly produce according to existing peak value (1,690,000).
And, connect seedling about unrooted, there is not to surpass reliably the long term storage method in a week so far, so the operation of must growing seedlings in a few days after delivery, the back of stocking up is short to entering the time compole of growing seedlings, operation is difficulty very.
On the other hand, by connecing in the seedling of farmers' or producer's grafting, need acclimatization environment (acclimatization) operation.That is to say that at low temperature, high humidity survives under the shading, there is very big-difference in the meteorological atmospheric environment condition in grafting place.In the moment that survives end, the pore of leaf opens always, gives out a lot of moisture, so withered, it is very high to beat listless possibility.
Existing acclimatization environment operation, farmers' be with brooder in grafting connect seedling, be that connecing of grafting in basin coverd with vinyl film on the seedling perhaps in producer, after one thoughtful ten day, and increase the time of opening vinyl film betwixt gradually.While also has the covering shadow shield in the early stage.The open hour of vinyl film, such as with following form, that is, first day once, the several seconds; Second day twice, each tens seconds; The 3rd day for several times, each a few minutes; Increase open time and number of times so gradually.There is not complete guide about the program of opening vinyl film.But, must not bear big load so that connect seedling according to different suitably definite open program of season, weather, weather.Must open program in accordance with regulations correctly implement, need long time of experience and the time of costing a lot of money.
And, in the epoch of in recent years economic globalization, produce abroad and grow seedlings, transport by automobile, steamer and will spend thoughtful one month time, very be necessary so set up the system that good seedling can cheap be provided.Such as shipping off to Japan, grow seedlings in Japan etc. the nursery stock of the fruit vegetables Chinese, that Korea S produces.
But the nursery stock of existing fruit vegetables is potted plant thing.The bulky while of thing, come into leaves in transit and bloom, can't transport according to general transportation resources.Connect seedling for unrooted still more, do not find a kind of storage method as yet, it can transport in the space-efficient mode, also can bear forseeable long conveying.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of aforesaid prior art, and purpose is to provide a kind of energy long preservation unrooted to connect the storage method of seedling, with the system reply violent demand that seasonal variation was produced of balanced production.
In addition, the present invention also aims to the condition that connects the seedling survival and take root by in aforementioned storage, realizing getting all the ready, being provided as the higher and high yield of motility rate, high-quality connect seedling.
Have, the present invention also aims to by to store or the delivery down of accurate storing state, making grows seedlings from stocking up to has than plenty of time, with provide high additive value, easy operating, be easy to grow seedlings connect seedling.
In addition, the present invention also aims to provide a kind of prior processing method that connects seedling acclimatization environment, it can make the step that makes grafting acclimatization environment of being undertaken by farmers' or nursery stock producer now not have fully or quite simplify.
Have again, the present invention also aims to provide with what these methods obtained connect seedling, and implement the equipment that these methods are used.
For realizing aforementioned goal of the invention, the feature that unrooted of the present invention connects the storage method of seedling is grafting scion on the stock of unrooted, unrooted after the firm grafting being connect seedling vertically stand in the medium, is 0～30 μ mol/ (m at 5～15 ℃ low temperature, 70～100% the effective light quantum Shu Midu of high humidity, light compositing
2.S) store under the faint light illuminate condition.Here, these storage necessary conditions are called real storage necessary condition.
The stock of unrooted can be cut off sowing, the stock that germinates obtaining by the top of root.The high branch fringe of the quality of corresponding kind, harvest yield, pattern is adopted in its scion, and the number of sheets of scion is got the 2-6 sheet.On stock, process indentation, be ready to and cut the face that fringe combines.Equally, be ready to the faying face of scion, use the suitable adhesive combination, be wrapped with then and cultivate band.These steps can be utilized the grafting method that general unrooted is connect seedling.
Seedling after the firm grafting is stood in the medium vertically, and medium uses the agarose as 2%, and the container height that medium is used is about 10mm.This medium is used for time at least one week that unrooted connects seedling, and long reaches 3 months, because the following end in contact of this medium and stock, only be to supply with moisture to it, so main points only are, under sterilizing state, provide needed moisture for it with the following end in contact of stock.Therefore, medium is not limited to the agar material of agarose etc., also can be with for example, and waterlogged gauze, and only constitute with active water.But, must be upright owing to connect seedling, using in medium does not have to support when connecing the thing of seedling ability, must use the supportive device that waits other to suit when wood.
It must be upright connecing seedling.If one collapse of vertical condition, not only the direction of nursery stock growth goes wrong, but also is will consume with direction to change corresponding energy needed, has reduced the growing ability in the storage, can't the withstand prolonged storage.Have, though be same perpendicular attitude, also the direction in horizontal plane does not change as far as possible again.Must keep former arrangement state.Because the variation of its direction, the posture all deterioration with the muscle power that connects seedling is relevant.
Environment should be in the air of moistening low temperature.Humidity is taken as relative moisture 70-100%, is preferably 90-100%.Temperature is 5-15 ℃ a low temperature, with below 12 ℃ for well, especially best below 10 ℃.Air to breeze conditions, is taken from ventilation air right or that suitably control with calm.
In addition, to very important with faint this point of light.As light source, for example can use incandescent lamp, white fluorescent lamp.The effective light quantum Shu Midu of the light compositing of irradiates light is 0-30 μ mol/ (m
2.S), preferably be set in 4 μ mol/ (m
2.S) set near this standard.Basically irradiation in continuous 24 hours.But, no matter have 10 minutes to 1 hour dim light all can midway between shading region.Illuminating method preferably also can be considered to give interrupted control, as shines 1 hour, dim light 30 minutes.On the contrary, should forbid that midway the above high light of 10-20 μ mol shines for a long time.This be because, grow, take root, connect the physical weak possibility height of seedling.
Like this, among the present invention, unrooted is connect seedling in the low temperature and high relative humidity air, be upright in the medium, store in the time of with the continuous or interrupted irradiation of faint light.By implementing this real storage condition, can store unrooted and connect seedling more than 1 month.Can store about 3 months by determining more suitable condition.
In the initial stage of storage period, 2-3 is in day, and the seedling that connects after the grafting just survives reliably, and possesses the root of hair condition.Therefore, the seedling that begins to store through no matter when can taking out of 2-3 day, and is changed over to the operation of growing seedlings immediately from bunker.Past in the low temperature of shading, high humidity environment, survives and the root of hair condition though possessed these, not only possesses with storage necessary condition of the present invention to survive and the root of hair condition, and reliability is strengthened, and the time shortens.In addition, the step and the equipment that do not need other.
As mentioned above, if use storage method of the present invention, no matter when can both unrooted be connect the seedling storage 1-3 month with the generation state to be dispatched from the factory of growing seedlings.Therefore, for example, the seedling number that the storage center in advance of dispatching from the factory predetermined next month needs can also can transfer it to later delivery with it as the delivery of next month etc.In view of the above, can make the output equalization of each month, can determine grafting professional number on demand, and employ them fully.
Following table 2 expression be the result of the branch number of, in recent years a certain nursery stock company one in the period of each month grafting carried out corresponding by 1,300,000 balanced production with the prior art example of table 1 expression.The storage number (number of carrying down) at the beginning of the year is assumed to 500,000.
Table 2
| (1,300,000 of means) (ten thousand of units) | |||||
| Month | Sell number | The number of carrying down | Month | Sell number | The number of carrying down |
| January | 100 | 80 | July | 168 | 95 |
| February | 130 | 80 | August | 169 | 56 |
| March | 133 | 77 | September | 167 | 19 |
| April | 158 | 49 | October | 80 | 69 |
| May | 87 | 92 | November | 111 | 88 |
| June | 89 | 133 | December | 159 | 59 |
Expression is in table 2, and mean is decided to be 1,300,000, if change the remainder of each month over to next month, obtains the suitable number of carrying down of each month, can realize high-efficient homework.If but shelf life is decided to be 1 month, the condition of the amount brought forward of each month is to exceed with the sale number that is no more than next month.But, but if shelf life is decided to be 2 months, but amount brought forward be no more than next month and following next month and sell number with, can make the production system have residue once more.
Concrete, in each seedling, except that Solanaceae, melon section, the seed difference of Yin Geke, the seedling that can change over to has condition.Numerical value shown in the table 2, expression be the affluence that the final production ability is produced, in fact, just made the seedling of next month in advance in last month, become the so-called system of storage in advance.This management can be made table with desired seedling, carries out computer management easily.
Feature of the present invention is, when dispatching from the factory by the real storage necessary condition shown in above, or as the standard storage necessary condition storage of standard the time and dispatch from the factory.So-called herein accurate storage necessary condition is meant, in the real storage necessary condition of the storage method of having represented in (be inserted in the medium, stand vertically, faint light irradiation, low temperature, high humidity, air ambient), difference is, in conveying, the irradiation of faint light will become some ambiguous parts such as shading of having a mind to.
In the stage of dispatching from the factory, the storage necessary condition that mainly should satisfy is exactly the shading state.When being equivalent to deliver, this puts into the heat-barrier material container.As mentioned above, secondly the shading time be also can continue storage in the bunker as if being placed on before delivery as if no problem about several hours.
To deliver by real storage condition, also can make delivery case, container or delivery special-purpose vehicle.In this delivery case, container or delivery special-purpose vehicle, be with being the equipment such as light source that satisfy aforementioned storage necessary condition.
The unrooted of stocking up in satisfied accurate mode of storing the delivery of necessary condition connects seedling, because posture different with the seedling of laying across, that maintenance is vertical, thereby have vigour, can be extended to the number of days of growing seedlings is 4-5 day, even longer, and the operation of growing seedlings is carried out easily.Have again, owing to satisfy accurate storage necessary condition or real storage necessary condition, stock up for satisfying real storage necessary condition, seedling to be grown seedlings, but the life-span that is had is the remaining time from extremely original shelf life (the 1-3 month) of the moment of storage beginning, by changing the operation of growing seedlings during this period over to, can cultivate seedling with enough vigour.
The feature of the processing method in advance of the acclimatization environment that connects seedling of the present invention is, will peg graft or the seedling that connects of cut-grafting vertically stands in the medium, and at 5-15 ℃ low temperature, the high humidity of 70-100%, the effective light quantum Shu Midu of light compositing are 0～30 μ mol/ (m
2Under the condition of faint light irradiation .S) it is survived, then, connect seedling to make the aforementioned at least super-humid conditions in the aforementioned condition be the processing in advance of the acclimatization environment that changes of the meteorological atmospheric environment of the low humidity below 50% to relative moisture aforementioned with 2～3 days again.
Survive in the step, necessary condition is, makes to connect seedling and stand vertically, and places under 5-15 ℃ the low temperature, and placing relative moisture is the high humidity environment of 70-100%, is 0～30 μ mol/ (m with the effective light quantum Shu Midu of light compositing
2.S) faint light irradiation.
Medium is not a necessary condition.As medium, can use 2% Ago-Gel.
The effective light quantum Shu Midu of light compositing comprises 0 μ mol/ (m
2.S) expression is also to be possible under the shading condition even survive step.Stand vertically is to connect the nutrient that seedling has and do not consume in the growth of branch, leaf, bud in order to make it keep the extremely natural state of sleeping peacefully, to make.
The treatment step in advance of the acclimatization environment after surviving, particularly will with the super-humid conditions that made humidity when surviving on the 2nd～3 to meteorological atmospheric environment humidity be step or change continuously.By this, can omit in the original acclimatization environment step one one or all.So-called meteorological atmospheric environment humidity is represented the atmospheric humidity that this season is predetermined.Can be taken as the low humidity of relative moisture below 50%.Other condition also can be along with variation, but is not necessary condition.The pore of the leaf that connects seedling that has survived under the high state of humidity is opened fully.Therefore, change to meteorological atmospheric environment humidity by making humidity, the pore of opening enters active state, can think more can adapt to atmospheric environment with closed condition.
Use the present invention, connect seedling acclimatization environment in advance, can omit part or all of the acclimatization environment step of planting seedling because of making.A so-called part is because consider that the sunshine in midsummer is strong, under dry like that condition, still with the acclimatization environment step of the health of carrying out 1-2 short time day for well.Basically, health is necessary, and the acclimatization environment step of plantation seedling almost can all be omitted.Compare whole omissions that almost can 100% with the acclimatization environment step that the past must about 10 days.
Survive and in advance between the treatment step of aforementioned acclimatization environment aforementioned, can also comprise with the storage step of the similar condition control of the condition that survives more than 1～30 day.Promptly survive, whichsoever all can make the part of 5 conditions such as vertical position, medium, temperature, humidity, illumination realize changing in acclimatization environment, the storage condition in advance, can be in same indoor continuous enforcement.In view of the above, include and survive and the storage step between the treatment step in advance of acclimatization environment, can implement to deliver and adjust surviving and acclimatization environment step simultaneously.Table 3 expression be about survive, the variation of aforementioned 5 conditions of storage and acclimatization environment step.
Table 3
| Condition | Survive | Storage | Acclimatization environment in advance |
| Posture | Vertically | Vertically | Vertically |
| Medium | Can have | Necessary | Can have |
| Temperature ℃ | 5～15℃ | 5～15℃ | Can change |
| Humidity % | 70～100 | 70～100 | Change (40%) |
| Light μ mol (m 2·S) | 0～30 | 2～30 | Can change |
As shown in table 3, about posture, any one all must be vertical.About medium, be the necessary condition of storage.Though can insert medium with connecing seedling, for example on the Ago-Gel, meet Miao Eryan with regard to unrooted, the Ago-Gel ball of diameter 3～8mm can be attached to the cut-out portion of root.Have again, also can adopt water culture medium.For surviving and the acclimatization environment, medium is not a necessary condition.Therefore, with the step of storage combination in, medium is a necessary condition, is not the sort of occasion, we can say does not need medium.But about illumination, with regard to surviving the shading state, but with regard to storage, with 2～30 μ mol/ (m
2.S) faint light is down for well.With regard to acclimatization environment in advance, the original state in the time of can being storage also can be changed to higher illumination.
As mentioned above, if adopt have following feature through the acclimatization environment handle in advance connect seedling, can omit part or all in the common acclimatization environment step after the plantation, promptly, it is to peg graft or the seedling that connects of cut-grafting vertically stands in the medium, is 0～30 μ mol/ (m at 5～15 ℃ low temperature, 70～100% the effective light quantum Shu Midu of high humidity, light compositing
2.S) make it survive, suitably store under the faint light illuminate condition, subsequently, again with 2～3 days to aforementioned connect seedling make in the aforementioned condition aforementioned at least super-humid conditions to relative moisture be the meteorological atmospheric environment of the low humidity below 50% be step or the processing in advance of the acclimatization environment that changes continuously after the resulting seedling that connects.
The storage facilities that unrooted of the present invention connects seedling is to be used for warehouse-style or the container type storage facilities that unrooted connects the storage method of seedling, it is characterized in that this device possesses the aforementioned dish that connects seedling of splendid attire, place the shelf of this dish, each shelf is provided with and connects seedling to carry out the effective light quantum Shu Midu of light compositing be 0～30 μ mol/ (m aforementioned
2The ligthing paraphernalia of faint light irradiation .S), and 5～15 ℃ low temperature, 70～100% high humidity and the electrical control gear of aforementioned faint light amount are satisfied in control.
Use unrooted of the present invention to connect the storage facilities of seedling, as satisfy aforementioned real storage necessary condition, can store and connect seedling 1～3 month.Adopt the storage facilities of warehouse-style, meet the production company of seedling and connect just can store in the agency shop of seedling and connect seedling.In addition, adopt the container type storage facilities, can when storage connects seedling, realize the conveying of 1 week～1 month.
The treating apparatus in advance that connects the acclimatization environment of seedling of the present invention, it is the treating apparatus in advance that is used to implement the acclimatization environment of the warehouse-style of processing method in advance of acclimatization environment or container, it is characterized in that possessing the aforementioned dish that connects seedling of splendid attire, place the shelf of this dish, each shelf is provided with and connects seedling to carry out the effective light quantum Shu Midu of light compositing be 0～30 μ mol/ (m aforementioned
2The ligthing paraphernalia of faint light irradiation .S), and 5～15 ℃ low temperature, 70～100% high humidity and aforementioned faint light amount satisfied in control and be that the meteorological atmospheric environment of the low humidity below 50% is the step or the electrical control gear of variation continuously with making the aforementioned at least super-humid conditions in the aforementioned condition on the 2nd～3 to relative moisture.
Use the treating apparatus in advance that connects the acclimatization environment of seedling of the present invention, can connect seedling outbound after acclimatization environment step in advance, can make the seedling that connects after the outbound almost 100% save common acclimatization environment step what survive or stored.If the environmental functional of acclimatization in advance of this device is attached on the aforementioned storage facilities, terminal stage at storage, can before 2～3 days of outbound, carry out acclimatization environment step, can make outbound connect seedling almost 100% save the common environment of acclimatization in advance step.
The present invention has following effect.
As implied above, the present invention is owing to be that unrooted is connect seedling in the air ambient of low temperature, high humidity, and under the faint light of the effective light quantum Shu Midu of light compositing, the storage unrooted connects the storage method of seedling, can reach in the time of several months in experience, the form that connects the seedling growth with inhibition is stored.
Initial stage in storage beginning survives because of making the bonding part, and is ready to the root of hair condition, so what do not need other is step and the equipment that survives and prepare the root of hair condition, can deliver immediately in storage, can provide high-quality surcharge high connect seedling.
But storage time is more than one month even longer, owing to whenever all can deliver betwixt, and the desired seedling that connects that can be prepared in advance in last month, production system that can equalization adapts to the needs because of the sharp increase of seasonal variation.
About delivery, owing to can satisfy the real storage necessary condition of the present invention or the form delivery of accurate storage necessary condition, the seedling of delivering, stocking up can have the rich time to growing seedlings, make the operation of growing seedlings easier.
Have again, make and connect seedling under the condition that low temperature, high humidity, shading survive or store to the faint light, subsequently with 2～3 days with super-humid conditions to reference to meteorological atmospheric environment humidity to fixed low humidity be step or change continuously to carry out acclimatization environmental treatment in advance, the environment of acclimatization in advance that obtains thus connects seedling, can save part or all of common acclimatization environment step after planting.In advance the acclimatization environment connect seedling since do not need common acclimatization environment step can, can save time, prevent from can improve the rate of growing seedlings greatly because of the accident of the withered seedling of acclimatization environmental treatment failure.
Have again, use storage facilities of the present invention, because of having the electrical control gear that satisfies real storage necessary condition, for example by warehouse-style wherein connect the seedling treating apparatus, can will connect seedling storage during arbitrarily.By container type connect the seedling treating apparatus, can be used for long-term delivery.
Have again, use the treating apparatus in advance of acclimatization environment of the present invention, owing to have the electrical control gear of the super-humid conditions of one of storage necessary condition that can be will be aforementioned real to the low humidity variation, can dock the processing in advance that seedling carries out the acclimatization environment and handle, can provide a kind of in seedling raising process, do not need common acclimatization environment step through the acclimatization environment handle in advance connect seedling.Comprise the container type of aforementioned storage facilities by employing, can be used for long-term delivery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the key diagram that connects seedling by grafting.
Fig. 2 is the key diagram that connects seedling by cut-grafting.
Fig. 3 is the interior key diagram that connects the seedling treating apparatus that expression can be carried out the treatment step in advance of acclimatization environment.
Fig. 4 is that the aforementioned seedling treating apparatus that connects of expression carries out the time of humidity state of a control of treatment step in advance of acclimatization environment and the relation line figure of humidity.
Fig. 5 is the section key diagram of accurate tank.
Fig. 6 is the section key diagram of expression ware official form for filing a lawsuit container made transportation seedling appearance.
Fig. 7 is the key diagram that unrooted connects the flow process of dispatching from the factory of seedling.
Embodiment
Below, embodiments of the invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings.Fig. 1 is the key diagram that connects seedling by grafting.Fig. 2 is the key diagram that connects seedling by cut-grafting.Fig. 3 is the interior key diagram that connects the seedling treating apparatus that expression can be carried out the treatment step in advance of acclimatization environment.Fig. 4 is that the aforementioned seedling treating apparatus that connects of expression carries out the time of humidity state of a control of treatment step in advance of acclimatization environment and the relation line figure of humidity.Fig. 5 is the section key diagram of accurate tank.Fig. 6 is the section key diagram of expression ware official form for filing a lawsuit container made transportation seedling appearance.Fig. 7 is the key diagram that unrooted connects the flow process of dispatching from the factory of seedling.
As shown in Figure 1, grafting is carried out with following method, that is: in the surplus top spicule perforate that the stock 1 of two leaves is arranged, scion 2 is inserted wherein.
As shown in Figure 2, cut-grafting is carried out with following method, that is: will go to the upper end of the stock 3 of root to cut sth. askew, and cuts sth. askew in the lower end that will have the scion 4 of multi-disc leaf, and both are combined with the elasticity adhesive 5 that is called ウ イ Star ズ (trade name).
Fig. 3 is that the warehouse-style of in advance handling that expression can make the grafting of making by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 that connects seedling 6 partly survive, store, carry out the acclimatization environment connects the summary of seedling treating apparatus 7, the key diagram of formation.This connects seedling treating apparatus 7, have can implement separately respectively to survive, various (the U type of the treatment step in advance of storage, acclimatization environment, the S type, the A type), reaching with the storage is the center, can will survive or acclimatization environment step and its various (US type, SA type) of together implementing again, and can will all combine the USA type of enforcement.Figure 3 shows that the example of USA type.
This connects seedling treating apparatus 7, is provided with multilayer shelf 9 indoor about 8, and the seedling of placing Figure 1 and Figure 2 in the comfortable ground mode of can coming in and going out on shelf 96 that connects is inserted in pallet 10 in the Ago-Gel.Also useful activity water replaces Ago-Gel.On the top of each shelf 9, being provided with the butt joint seedling, to carry out the effective light quantum Shu Midu of faint light compositing be 0～30 μ mol/ (m
2.S) light-struck ligthing paraphernalia 11.On the other hand, connecing a side of seedling treating apparatus 7, such as control cabinet 12 is set up.Control cabinet 12 has humidity control apparatus 13, temperature-adjusting device 14 and the circulation fan 15 that room air is circulated, and the electric apparatus control apparatus 16 that carries out these controls.
Control device 16 is made of general computer system, has the operating portion that is used to control content operation, and the storage portion of store instruction content delivers to control signal each equipment and respectively installs 11,13,14,15 control part.The humidity adjustment is made of as main body sprayer unit.Temperature-adjusting device 14 is made of air regulator.When forming low temperature and high humidity, because of the air-breathing defrosting of air transfer device becomes problem, when regulating temperature, can not directly carry out indoor temperature and regulate by the air demodulator, allow it absorb the dry air in other places, make the structure of the indoor externally mounted part of cooling 2 heavy grooves.Utilize above formation, can carry out temperature in circulating air is 3 ~ 35 ℃, and relative moisture is 0 ~ 100% Temperature and Humidity Control.
With shown in Figure 3 connect that seedling treating apparatus 7 connects the surviving of seedling 6, stores, the summary of acclimatization environment step control in advance is shown in chart 3.As shown in table 3, about posture, any one all must be vertical.About medium, with regard to storage necessary condition.
Can insert medium, for example Ago-Gel, but meet Miao Eryan, can adhere to the Ago-Gel ball of diameter 3～8mm on the section of root with regard to unrooted.In addition, also can adopt water culture medium.Just survive and in advance with regard to the acclimatization environment step, medium is not a necessary condition.Therefore, when carrying out and store the step of combination, medium is a necessary condition, can not want medium when not being such situation.About light, can be the shading state for surviving; But for storage, with 2～30 μ mol/ (m
2.S) faint light irradiation is for well; For acclimatization environment in advance, can be the former state when surviving and storing, also can make it be changed to higher illumination.
When expression during about the embodiment of storage, be 8 ℃ in temperature, relative moisture 100%, the air ventilation of calm and even gentle breeze, 2% agarose, the effective light quantum Shu Midu of light compositing are 4 μ mol/ (m
2.S) under the condition, can store 1-3 month.But practical situation is more than 1 month.
When the storage unrooted connect seedling under real storage necessary condition, the thing of preserving down with other conditions such as shading more easily promoted to survive, and can be ready to the root of hair condition more reliably.Thereby, can with last stage of storage period as be used to prepare to survive and the root of hair condition during.
As shown in Figure 4, for the treatment step in advance of acclimatization environment, with relative moisture from the high humility 70-100% that survives or store as 90%, to meteorological atmospheric environment humidity as 40%, with making it be step on 2nd～3 or changing continuously.The method that changes has by straight line control line Figure 17 step control line Figure 18, the example of parabolic control line Figure 19.
Meteorological atmospheric environment humidity is according to season and difference is decided by the average atmospheric humidity in that period.Can be taken as the value below 50% without exception, as 40%.Low humidity below 50% is necessary.In advance handling of acclimatization environment is different with original acclimatization environmental treatment, not to make to connect seedling 6 adaptation atmospheric environments, but a kind of novel method, it can save from connecing part or all of acclimatization environment step when planting after seedling treating apparatus 7 takes out.Thereby, in the treatment step in advance of acclimatization environment,, preferably needn't make it change to the atmospheric environment condition about the condition of temperature and light.Even it is changed, during 2～3 days processing in, only can make its degree in the end half day near atmospheric environment, would rather not have big being changed to.Its reason is because the treatment step in advance of said acclimatization environment is to prolong the step that the storage back is carried out, in these steps, for example, perhaps shine the light time of high illumination, connect the seedling activate constantly at this at 30 ℃ high temperature, pore is opened, the withered possibility height here of beating.
The treatment step of producing according to above step in advance through the acclimatization environment finishes connects seedling (acclimatization environment connect seedling) in advance 20, is the seedling that connects of stomatal closure state.With this in advance the seedling 20 that connects of acclimatization environment plant when in soil or basin, growing seedlings, promptly root of hair does not have the withered situation of original water evaporates.Thereby the long-term acclimatization environment step of going through 1 week and even 10 days that the past is necessary no longer needs, and as health, can cultivate fully by hanging shadow shield in the scorching sun in summer.
When expression during about the embodiment of storage, be 8 ℃ in temperature, relative moisture 100%, the air ventilation of calm and even gentle breeze, 2% lipolysaccharide, the effective light quantum Shu Midu 4 μ mol/ (m of light compositing
2.S) under the condition, can store 1-3 month.But practical situation is more than 1 month.
When the storage unrooted connect seedling 6 under real storage necessary condition, the thing of preserving down with other conditions such as shading more easily promoted to survive, and can be ready to the root of hair condition more reliably.Thereby, can with last stage of storage period as be used to prepare to survive and the root of hair condition during.
Fig. 6 is the section key diagram of expression ware official form for filing a lawsuit container made transportation seedling appearance.Fig. 7 is the key diagram that unrooted connects the flow process of dispatching from the factory of seedling.Reach to overseas conveying about remote, treat the back narration.
Embodiment shown in Figure 5 is, bottom at the accurate tank 21 that constitutes with the heat-insulated container of foam styrene system that has loam cake, the cold storage agent 22 of lay ice and so on, put a wooden thin base plate 23 on it, place the material which can retain moisture 24 of the newspaper soak and so on more thereon, on it, set up the spaced walls of vertically cutting apart 25 again, a plurality of seedlings 6 that connect are erect also gently beyond the Great Wall.
Spaced walls 25 is used for separating between the pooling zone that connects seedling 6, and seedling 6 is toppled over or overlapped to prevent to connect.Therefore, in carrying, can keep connecing the vertical position of seedling 6 reliably.Spaced walls 25 can not fixed with respect to the body of the accurate tank 21 in when delivery yet.Also can erect from the end, add the spaced walls made of paper 25 of couch board and so on lightly, again next scion grafting seedling 6 be erect connecing seedling.In addition, when with spaced walls 25 made of paper, it is soaked the function that can make its material which can retain moisture 24 of having held concurrently.
Adopt above structure, what can be met accurate storage condition connects seedling in a large number.In the accurate tank 21 that constitutes with heat-insulated container is that temperature is 12 ℃, and the low temperature and high relative humidity air ambient of the shading of relative moisture more than 70% can suppress to connect the branch of seedling 6, the growth of Ye Jiya by shading and low temperature.In addition, connecing seedling 6 is straightened.Therefore, connect the nutrient that seedling 6 had and be not used in the growth of branch, Ye Jiya, thereby keep the accurate storage condition of the extremely natural state of sleeping peacefully.Have, for suppressing to connect the growth of seedling 6, necessary nutrient lacks during than preservation under high temperature low humidity condition again, even from standard storage environment, promptly take out and connect seedling 6 in atmosphere, also be difficult to be subjected to the influence of environmental change, can adapt to the environment of growing seedlings immediately, root of hair is bred healthy seedling immediately.
Embodiment shown in Figure 6 is that the seedling 6 that connects in the storage is planted in paper web 26, makes seedling in growing seedlings be placed on delivery in the ware official form for filing a lawsuit container made 27 of couch board system of delivery usefulness.Paper web 26 is convenient economic basins, and it has wants corrupt character sooner or later in ground, can be with its original state to transplant.Among the present invention, because of growing seedlings with connecing in the seedling 6 insertion paper webs 26 of real storage condition storage, the survival rate height of its transplanting can be produced healthy solid seedling.
, connect seedling treating apparatus 7,28, see that from function aspects the treating apparatus in advance that can be divided into storage facilities and acclimatization environment represents.But,, then can be divided into the treating apparatus 7 of warehouse-style and the treating apparatus 28 of container type and represent if connect seedling treating apparatus 7,28 from the form of using.
Thereby, connect seedling treating apparatus 28 by the seedling treating apparatus 7 that connects as transportable container type, be transported to the destination with the state that survives, stores connecing seedling with warehouse-style shown in Figure 3, thereby, can carry out the processing in advance of acclimatization environment, and will connect seedling and deliver to farmers'.Only be to make container type with the difference of warehouse-style, only realize surviving that this point of type (U type), power supply are battery or introduce this point and removable from vehicle or boats and ships.
That uses container type connects seedling treating apparatus 28, for example in the transportation of transporting to 1 external week-1 month with boats and ships, make connect seedling survive, when storing, be transported to the destination, carried out the acclimatization environmental treatment before 2～3 days arriving local farmers', can deliver remove from common acclimatization environmental treatment through the acclimatization environment handle in advance connect seedling.The device of acclimatization environmental treatment in advance can be only carried out in making, and it is configured to the destination, then can carry out acclimatization environmental treatment in advance in the locality, is sent to farmers'.But, think in the practicality and can supply with fully with the treating apparatus 28 of container type.
What Fig. 7 represented is will connect the seedling grafting by grafting producer, the whole process R1-R7 up to the farmers' that delivers.Among the figure, the state of delivery has shown in Figure 6 with ware official form for filing a lawsuit container made 27, and the accurate tank 21 of usefulness shown in Figure 5 is contained, with the example that connects seedling treating apparatus 28 of container type.Its seedling appearance has the example that connects in seedling 6 former states and the implantation paper web 26.
First program R1 is, by the grafting of nursery stock producer, makes it survive the back and implants in the paper web 26, carries out common acclimatization environmental treatment and grows seedlings, and thereafter, puts into ware official form for filing a lawsuit container made 27 and delivers to farmers'.It survives, and uses warehouse-style shown in Figure 3 to connect seedling treating apparatus 7 (U type) etc., and nursery stock is stood vertically, carries out under low temperature, high humidity, shading (can be faint light), does not need medium such as agarose.At this moment, because of not carrying out acclimatization environment step in advance, must common acclimatization environmental treatment in the seedling raising process.
Second program R2 be, after connecing seedling 6 and surviving, stands vertically in accurate tank 21 and carry to farmers', implants the farmers' greenhouse, grows seedlings.At this moment, also because of not carrying out acclimatization environment step in advance, in seedling raising process, must common acclimatization environmental treatment.Survive in accurate tank 21, can carry out in transit.
The 3rd program R3 be, after the grafting, that puts into warehouse-style connects seedling treating apparatus (USA type) 7, survives, stores, acclimatization environmental treatment in advance, and seedling is planted in the paper web 26, delivers to farmers' in the back of growing seedlings.Planting connects seedling 20 in the paper web 26, because of through acclimatization environmental treatment in advance, does not need common acclimatization environment step.Among the figure, will not need common acclimatization environment step to represent with mark *.
The 4th program R4 be, will from connect seedling treating apparatus 7, take out through acclimatization environmental treatment in advance intact connect seedling 20, put into accurate tank 21, stand vertically to farmers' and deliver.In farmers', with acclimatization environmental treatment in advance intact connect seedling 20, implant in the greenhouse, acclimatization environment step that can be common is grown seedlings.
The 5th program R is 5, will with the 4th program R4 similarly from connect seedling treating apparatus 7, take out through acclimatization environmental treatment in advance intact connect seedling 20, to farmers''s delivery, difference is more longer than 3～4 days during carrying.Reach during this conveying in the situation more than 3 days, key is to strictly observe the storage necessary condition in accurate tank 21.But exceeded with 5～6 days.
The 6th program R6 be, connects seedling treating apparatus 28 with what the nursery stock after the grafting (connecing seedling) 6 was put into warehouse-style, and the seedling 6 that connects in the storage is changed to connecing in the seedling treating apparatus 28 of container type, delivers to farmers'.Acclimatization environment step was carried out before delivering farmers' on the 2nd～3 in advance.
The 7th program R7 be, connects seedling treating apparatus 28 with connecing seedling 6 from what container type was just put in beginning, survives, stores, acclimatization environmental treatment in advance and deliver to farmers'.Storage period may be more than one month.Therefore, use the 6th, seven program R6, R7 to be applicable to long-term boats and ships transportation.
As shown in Figure 7, among the present invention, stand vertically, use low temperature, high humidity, shading, simple medium owing to will connect seedling 6, accurate tank 21 to farmers''s delivery, between 2～3 days delivery period in, connect seedling 6 and be not hurt.Have again, in conveying, can make to connect seedling 6 and survive.
Have again and since connect seedling 6 stand vertically, in low temperature, high humidity, the irradiation of faint light, have that storage connects seedling 6 under the real like this storage necessary condition of medium, but long-term storage can make it survive more than one month in 2～3 days of storage last stage.
Have again, in real storage necessary condition, by will be about the condition of humidity to the low humidity direction transformation, owing to can carry out acclimatization environmental treatment in advance with connecing seedling with 2～3 days, so, the acclimatization environment step that can not need common seedling raising process can make and grow seedlings operation easily and make growth reliable.
Also have, that uses container type connects seedling treating apparatus 28, owing to can carry for a long time surviving, store, carrying in the acclimatization environmental treatment in advance, particularly to overseas conveying, can set up the global seedling delivery system that connects.
The present invention is not limited to above form of implementation, in suitably conversion enforcement in the scope of aim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a unrooted connects the storage method of seedling, it is characterized in that: grafting scion on the stock of unrooted, unrooted after the firm grafting being connect seedling vertically stand in the medium, is 0～30 μ mol/ (m at 5～15 ℃ low temperature, 70～100% the effective light quantum Shu Midu of high humidity, light compositing
2.S) store under the faint light illuminate condition.
2. unrooted according to claim 1 connects the storage method of seedling, it is characterized in that: the time cycle of aforementioned storage is that the unrooted after the firm grafting connects the 2-3 day that seedling survived and got all the ready the root of hair condition.
3. unrooted according to claim 1 connects the storage method of seedling, it is characterized in that: the time cycle of aforementioned storage was for ease of required 1-3 month of production and transport.
4. processing method in advance that connects the acclimatization environment of seedling, it is characterized in that: will peg graft or the seedling that connects of cut-grafting vertically stands in the medium, be 0～30 μ mol/ (m at 5～15 ℃ low temperature, 70～100% the effective light quantum Shu Midu of high humidity, light compositing
2.S) under the faint light illuminate condition it is survived, again with 2～3 day to aforementioned connect seedling make at least aforementioned super-humid conditions in aforementioned condition to relative moisture be the meteorological atmospheric environment of low humidity 50% below be step or the in advance processing of the acclimatization environment that continuously change thereafter.
5. the processing method in advance that connects the acclimatization environment of seedling according to claim 4 is characterized in that: survive and in advance between the treatment step of aforementioned acclimatization environment aforementioned, comprise with the aforementioned step that survives the identical condition control storage of condition.
One kind through the acclimatization environment handle in advance connect seedling, it is characterized in that: it is to peg graft or the seedling that connects of cut-grafting vertically stands in the medium, is 0～30 μ mol/ (m at 5～15 ℃ low temperature, 70～100% the effective light quantum Shu Midu of high humidity, light compositing
2.S) under the faint light illuminate condition it is survived; In the aforementioned back that survives with the aforementioned identical condition control storage of condition that survives; Thereafter, again with 2～3 days to aforementioned connect seedling make in the aforementioned condition aforementioned at least super-humid conditions to relative moisture be the meteorological atmospheric environment of the low humidity below 50% be step or the processing in advance of the acclimatization environment that changes continuously after the resulting seedling that connects.
7. a unrooted connects the storage facilities of seedling, be to be used to implement unrooted to connect the warehouse-style of storage method of seedling or the storage facilities of container type, it is characterized in that: this device possesses the aforementioned dish that connects seedling of splendid attire, place the shelf of this dish, each shelf is provided with to aforementioned that to meet the synthetic effective light quantum Shu Midu of seedling irradiates light be 0～30 μ mol/ (m
2The ligthing paraphernalia of faint light .S), and 5～15 ℃ low temperature, 70～100% high humidity and the electrical control gear of aforementioned faint light amount are satisfied in control.
8. the treating apparatus in advance of an acclimatization environment, it is the treating apparatus in advance that is used to implement to connect the acclimatization environment of the warehouse-style of processing method in advance of acclimatization environment of seedling or container type, it is characterized in that: this device possesses the aforementioned dish that connects seedling of splendid attire, place the shelf of this dish, each shelf is provided with to aforementioned that to meet the synthetic effective light quantum Shu Midu of seedling irradiates light be 0～30 μ mol/ (m
2The ligthing paraphernalia of faint light .S), and 5～15 ℃ low temperature, 70～100% high humidity, aforementioned faint light amount are satisfied in control and be that the meteorological atmospheric environment of the low humidity below 50% is the step or the electrical control gear of variation continuously with making the aforementioned at least super-humid conditions in the aforementioned condition on the 2nd～3 to relative moisture.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001226264A JP2003038031A (en) | 2001-07-26 | 2001-07-26 | Method for storing graft seedling without root |
| JP2001226264 | 2001-07-26 | ||
| JP2002113895A JP4253462B2 (en) | 2002-04-16 | 2002-04-16 | Pre-acclimation device for seedlings |
| JP2002113895 | 2002-04-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1399863A CN1399863A (en) | 2003-03-05 |
| CN1180672C true CN1180672C (en) | 2004-12-22 |
Family
ID=26619336
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021270228A Expired - Fee Related CN1180672C (en) | 2001-07-26 | 2002-07-26 | Storage and pretreatment of root-less grafting, obtained grafting and used apparatus |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100472760B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1180672C (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101367816B1 (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-02-27 | 김호원 | Environment-friendly plant system for cultivating mushroom |
| KR101414162B1 (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-07-01 | 강광옥 | Storehouse System with Air Conditioner and Anion Sterilizer |
| CN104012308B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-12-30 | 湖南省西瓜甜瓜研究所 | A kind of seedling-cultivating method of watermelon Long term cultivation |
| CN105900617A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-08-31 | 上海孙桥溢佳农业技术股份有限公司 | Storage technology of vegetable seedlings and flower and plant seedlings |
| CN108934520A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-12-07 | 湖南奎源农业开发有限公司 | A kind of device for grafting for Fructus Aurantii |
| CN109497047A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-22 | 安徽泓森高科林业股份有限公司 | A kind of storage method keeping Chun Caigen high activity |
| KR20210012388A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-02-03 | 대한민국(농촌진흥청장) | Method for Storing Fruit Vegetable Scion and Root Stock Seedlings |
| KR102400243B1 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2022-05-23 | 대한민국 | Method for Storing Fruit Vegetable Grafted Nursery Plant Seedlings |
| CN113179777B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-11-08 | 南京林业大学 | Connecting device for grafting landscape ginkgo tree |
| CN116918583B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2024-04-09 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Device and method for prolonging in-vitro survival time of tea tree germplasm resource cuttage branches |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2561755B2 (en) * | 1990-03-05 | 1996-12-11 | 全国農業協同組合連合会 | How to graft seedlings |
| JP2931532B2 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 1999-08-09 | タバイエスペック株式会社 | Grafting seedling curing equipment |
| JPH09220022A (en) * | 1996-02-19 | 1997-08-26 | Kubota Corp | Strawberry acclimatizing method |
| JPH1028475A (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 1998-02-03 | Techno Grafting Kenkyusho:Kk | Production of grafted nursery plant and environment-controlling chamber |
| JPH10313683A (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-12-02 | Kofurotsuku Kk | Grafting cell forming seedling low temperature storing method controllable in gas composition under weak light radiation |
-
2002
- 2002-07-23 KR KR10-2002-0043186A patent/KR100472760B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-07-26 CN CNB021270228A patent/CN1180672C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR20030011605A (en) | 2003-02-11 |
| CN1399863A (en) | 2003-03-05 |
| KR100472760B1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
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