CN118064929A - Raney nickel catalyst activation additive and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Raney nickel catalyst activation additive and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN118064929A CN118064929A CN202410472930.0A CN202410472930A CN118064929A CN 118064929 A CN118064929 A CN 118064929A CN 202410472930 A CN202410472930 A CN 202410472930A CN 118064929 A CN118064929 A CN 118064929A
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- raney nickel
- nickel catalyst
- catalyst activation
- additive
- anionic surfactant
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 33
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003109 Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019301 disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001790 sodium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011083 sodium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001433 sodium tartrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002167 sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011004 sodium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- PYZLRNMGUBDIHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular hydrogen;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[H][H] PYZLRNMGUBDIHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 53
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229940045845 sodium myristate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- JUQGWKYSEXPRGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;tetradecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O JUQGWKYSEXPRGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monododecyl ether Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AYFACLKQYVTXNS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;tetradecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O AYFACLKQYVTXNS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCRKLZYTQVZTMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octadecylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O WCRKLZYTQVZTMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methyl toluene Natural products CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWTCIAGIKURVBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;dodecyl phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOP([O-])([O-])=O GWTCIAGIKURVBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YVIGPQSYEAOLAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;dodecyl phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOP([O-])([O-])=O YVIGPQSYEAOLAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LEHZBQJZYMFYMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;hexadecyl phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP([O-])([O-])=O LEHZBQJZYMFYMK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000373 fatty alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 i.e. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002113 octoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000191 poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960000776 sodium tetradecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WYPBVHPKMJYUEO-NBTZWHCOSA-M sodium;(9z,12z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WYPBVHPKMJYUEO-NBTZWHCOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PNGBYKXZVCIZRN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O PNGBYKXZVCIZRN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002117 triamcinolone acetonide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YNDXUCZADRHECN-JNQJZLCISA-N triamcinolone acetonide Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@H]3OC(C)(C)O[C@@]3(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O YNDXUCZADRHECN-JNQJZLCISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
- C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
- C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the Raney nickel catalyst activation additive comprises the following components: 2-8% of nonionic surfactant, 5-10% of anionic surfactant, 7-15% of organic chelating agent, 10-50% of organic solvent and the balance of deionized water. The non-ionic surfactant, the anionic surfactant and the organic chelating agent are dissolved in a mixed solution of the organic solvent and deionized water to prepare the additive, and then the additive is added into an alkaline activating solution to activate the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode, so that the activation rate of the electrode is increased, the activation is complete and thorough, and different catalytic process requirements can be met on the basis of ensuring the catalytic stability of the electrode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis, in particular to a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Raney Nickel, also known as Raney Nickel (Raney-Nickel), is a solid heterogeneous catalyst with a porous structure and a large specific surface area, the main components of which are Nickel and a small amount of aluminum. Raney nickel has high catalytic activity, and the high catalytic activity is derived from the catalytic property of nickel and the porous structure of the Raney nickel, and the porous structure is derived from the removal of aluminum in nickel-aluminum alloy by using concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, so that leaching reaction occurs, the activity of the catalyst is brought, and meanwhile, the generated hydrogen is also stored in the catalyst, so that the catalyst can be called as activation.
The main factors influencing the leaching reaction include the composition ratio of the nickel-aluminum alloy, the concentration of sodium hydroxide and the corresponding activation temperature.
The concentration of sodium hydroxide used in the leaching reaction is relatively high, typically up to 5 mol/L, so that the aluminium is rapidly converted to sodium aluminate (Na [ Al (OH) 4 ]) which is soluble in water, avoiding the formation of aluminium hydroxide precipitates. The low concentration results in a too slow reaction rate, so that the resulting aluminum hydroxide, rather than being further converted to sodium aluminate, plugs the formed holes, thereby preventing the remaining sodium hydroxide solution from entering the alloy to further corrode the aluminum. The porous structure is affected by the influence, so that the specific surface area of the porous structure is reduced, and the catalytic activity of the product is reduced.
The porous structure formed gradually in the leaching process has a strong tendency to reduce its surface area, structural rearrangement occurs, and the pore walls are bonded to each other, so that the porous structure is destroyed. The increase of temperature accelerates the movement of atoms and increases the trend of structural rearrangement, so that the surface area and the catalytic activity of Raney nickel are reduced along with the increase of the leaching reaction temperature. However, if the leaching temperature is low, the leaching reaction speed is too slow, and the problem of low concentration of alkali solution is easy to cause, so that the common leaching reaction temperature is between 70 and 100 ℃.
Common ways of preparing Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrodes are thermal spraying, plasma spraying, gas dynamic spraying (cold spraying), roll coating calcination method, etc., wherein only the plasma spraying method has a great deal of application in the industrial field. The Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode prepared by the method generally needs longer activation time (2-7 days), has low production speed, and still has the problems of incomplete activation, poor hydrogen evolution performance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, a preparation method and application thereof, and solves the problems of low activation speed and incomplete activation of a Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, which comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight:
2% -8% of nonionic surfactant;
5% -10% of anionic surfactant;
7% -15% of an organic chelating agent;
10% -50% of an organic solvent;
The balance of deionized water;
The nonionic surfactant is a mixture composed of one or more selected from alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactants and fatty alcohol ethoxylate surfactants;
The anionic surfactant is one or a mixture of more selected from carboxylate anionic surfactant, sulfonate anionic surfactant, sulfate anionic surfactant and phosphate anionic surfactant.
Further, the weight percentage of the nonionic surfactant is preferably 5% -8%; the weight percentage of the anionic surfactant is preferably 8% -10%.
Further, the alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactant is C 8~C20 alkylphenol ethoxylate; the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether surfactant is C 1~C20 fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether. The C 8~C20 alkylphenol ethoxylates are one or a mixture of more selected from octylphenol ethoxylates, nonylphenol ethoxylates, triton 100 and octadecylphenol ethoxylates. The C 1~C20 fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether is one or a mixture of more selected from AEO-10, AEO-7, laurinol polyoxyethylene ether and peregal O-25.
Further, the carboxylate type anionic surfactant is at least one selected from compounds shown in a formula (I):
R1COOM1（Ⅰ），
wherein R 1 is C 1~C40 alkyl, and M 1 is sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion or ammonium ion.
Still further, the carboxylate-type anionic surfactant is a mixture of one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium stearate, sodium myristate and sodium linoleate.
Further, the sulfonate type anionic surfactant is selected from at least one of compounds represented by formula (II) and formula (III):
R2SO3M2（Ⅱ），
R3C6H4SO3M2（Ⅲ），
Wherein R 2 is C 1~C40 alkyl, R 3 is C 1~C40 alkyl, and M 2 is sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion or ammonium ion.
Still further, the sulfonate type anionic surfactant is a mixture of one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, sodium tetradecyl sulfonate, sodium hexadecyl sulfonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
Further, the sulfate type anionic surfactant is at least one selected from compounds shown in a formula (IV):
R4OSO3M3（Ⅳ），
Wherein R 4 is C 1~C40 alkyl, and M 3 is sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion or ammonium ion.
Still further, the sulfate type anionic surfactant is a mixture of one or more selected from sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium tetradecyl sulfate and sodium hexadecyl sulfate.
Further, the phosphate type anionic surfactant is selected from at least one of compounds represented by formula (v), formula (vi) and formula (vii):
R5OPO3M4（Ⅴ），
R6O(CH2CH2O)nPO3M4（Ⅵ），
R7OPO3M4（Ⅶ），
Wherein R 5 is C 1~C40 alkyl, R 6 is C 1~C40 alkyl, R 7 is C 1~C40 alkyl, M 4 is sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion or ammonium ion, and n is a positive integer of 1-20.
Still further, the phosphate type anionic surfactant is a mixture of one or more selected from the group consisting of potassium monolauryl phosphate, sodium cetyl phosphate and potassium laureth phosphate.
Further, the organic chelating agent is a mixture of one or more selected from sodium citrate, sodium gluconate, sodium tartrate, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate and tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate.
Further, the organic solvent is a mixed solvent composed of one or more selected from ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycerol and acetone.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, comprising the following steps:
S1: uniformly mixing the organic solvent and the deionized water, and heating to obtain a mixed solution; the heating temperature is 20-35 ℃;
s2: adding the nonionic surfactant, the anionic surfactant, and the organic chelating agent to the mixed solution;
S3: stirring to obtain the Raney nickel catalyst activation additive.
The third aspect of the invention provides an application of a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, wherein the Raney nickel catalyst activation additive is mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain an activation solution, and the weight percentage of the Raney nickel catalyst activation additive in the activation solution is 5% -15%.
Further, the application specifically comprises the following procedures:
(1) The nickel screen is used as a matrix, and a mixed solution composed of one or more of ethanol, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate or benzene and homologs is selected for cleaning the nickel screen to remove surface stains;
(2) Adopting quartz or white corundum to sand on the cleaned nickel screen for pretreatment;
(3) Filling Raney nickel powder into a spraying device by adopting a plasma spraying device, wherein the spraying input power is set at 30-90 kw, the diameter of a nozzle is set at 0.2-1 mm, nitrogen with the pressure of 0.4-0.7 mpa and the flow of 7-15 NLPM is used for feeding the powder, and spraying is carried out at a position 75-160 mm away from the surface of a nickel screen (the parameter range has little influence on the final performance of a product);
(4) After spraying, adding the Raney nickel catalyst activation additive into a sodium hydroxide solution (the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 17-30wt%) to obtain an alkaline activation solution containing the additive (the mass content of the Raney nickel catalyst activation additive in the alkaline activation solution is 5-15%); immersing nickel screen into the alkaline activating solution containing the additive for activation, and selecting the immersing time of the nickel screen according to the bubbling degree of the activating solution (when no bubbles occur in the activating solution, the activating is completed);
(5) And after the activation is finished, taking out the nickel screen, placing the nickel screen in an environment with good ventilation, and drying and curing to obtain the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
According to the invention, by adding a proper amount of additive into the activation liquid of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode, the components of the additive are mild, the preparation is simple, the surface tension between the activation liquid and the electrode is reduced in the use process, the activation time of the Raney nickel electrode is further reduced, and the activation efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the surface coating of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is activated more fully, so that the impact effect on the coating caused by the dissolution of aluminum in the use process of the electrode is reduced, and the catalytic stability of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is improved to a certain extent.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter by way of example and not by way of limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts or portions. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing hydrogen evolution capacities of Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrodes activated with and without the additive prepared in example 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the stability of Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrodes activated with and without the additive prepared in example 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a SEM characterization of a Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode activated without an additive of the present invention at 500 x magnification;
FIG. 4 is a SEM characterization of the invention at 500 x magnification of an additive activated Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode prepared according to example 1;
FIG. 5 is a SEM characterization of a Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode activated without an additive of the present invention at 2000 x magnification;
FIG. 6 is a SEM characterization of the invention at 2000 x magnification of an additive activated Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode prepared according to example 1.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:
(1) Weighing 15 g ethanol, 10 g isopropanol and 46 g deionized water, mixing, stirring uniformly, and heating to 30 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) And sequentially adding 8 g triton 100, 9 g sodium myristate and 12 g sodium citrate into the mixed solution, and heating and stirring uniformly at 30 ℃ to obtain the additive.
The embodiment also applies the additive to prepare the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The nickel screen is used as a matrix, and ethanol is used for cleaning the nickel screen to remove surface stains;
(2) Adopting white corundum sand blasting on the cleaned nickel screen for pretreatment;
(3) Filling Raney nickel powder into a spraying device by adopting plasma spraying equipment, setting the spraying input power at 50 kw and the nozzle diameter at 0.5 mm, feeding the powder by using nitrogen with the pressure of 0.5 Mpa and the flow rate of 10 NLPM (standard liter per minute flow value), and spraying at a position 100 mm away from the surface of the nickel screen;
(4) Adding 80 g of the additive into 1000 g of 25wt% sodium hydroxide solution to obtain an activated liquid; immersing the nickel screen (10 multiplied by 10 cm) with Raney nickel powder, which is obtained by spraying in the step (3) through a plasma spraying device, into the activating solution, and performing coating activation until no bubbles appear in the activating solution (representing that activation is completed);
(5) And after the activation is finished, taking out the nickel screen, and drying and solidifying to obtain the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, a preparation method and application thereof, and the Raney nickel catalyst activation additive is different from the embodiment 1 only in that the nonionic surfactant is fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether surfactant, specifically laurinol polyoxyethylene ether is selected, and finally the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is prepared.
Example 3
The present example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of example 1 only in that the anionic surfactant selected is a sulfonate surfactant, specifically sodium tetradecyl sulfonate is selected, and finally, the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 4
The present example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of example 1 only in that the anionic surfactant selected is a sulfonate surfactant, specifically sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and finally the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 5
The present embodiment provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of embodiment 1 only in that the anionic surfactant selected is a sulfate type surfactant, specifically sodium laurylsulfate is selected, and finally, a raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 6
The present example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of example 1 only in that the anionic surfactant selected is a phosphate type surfactant, specifically sodium dodecyl phosphate, and finally the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 7
The present embodiment provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of embodiment 1 only in that the selected anionic surfactant is phosphate type surfactant, specifically laureth potassium phosphate is selected, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 8
The present example provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of example 1 only in that the amount of the selected trastun 100 is different, the specific amount is 7g, the amount of deionized water is increased to 47g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 9
The present embodiment provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of embodiment 1 only in that the amount of the selected trastun 100 is different, the specific amount is 5g, the amount of deionized water is increased to 49 g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 10
The present embodiment provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of embodiment 1 only in that the amount of sodium myristate selected is different, the specific amount is 10 g, the amount of deionized water is reduced to 45 g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 11
The present example provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of example 1 only in that the amount of sodium myristate selected is different, the specific amount is 8 g, the amount of deionized water is increased to 47g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 12
This example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive and a method of making and using the same, which differs from example 1 only in that the amount of additive selected is 150 g.
Example 13
The embodiment provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of embodiment 1 only in that the organic solvent is different from that of embodiment 1, specifically, a mixed solution of 8 g ethanol, 5g glycol and 13 g glycerol is selected, the dosage of deionized water is reduced to 45 g, and finally, the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 14
The present embodiment provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of embodiment 1 only in that the amount of the selected organic solvent is different, specifically, a mixed solution of 10g ethanol and 5 g isopropanol is selected, and the amount of deionized water is increased to 56 g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 15
The present example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from example 1 only in that the organic chelating agent selected is sodium gluconate, and finally, the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 16
The present example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from example 1 only in that the organic chelating agent selected is disodium edetate, and finally, the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Example 17
The present example provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of example 1 only in that the amount of sodium citrate selected is different, the specific amount is 8g, and simultaneously the amount of deionized water is increased to 50 g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Comparative example 1
The present embodiment provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of embodiment 1 only in that the amount of the selected trastun 100 is different, the specific amount is 1g, the amount of deionized water is increased to 53 g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Comparative example 2
The present embodiment provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of embodiment 1 only in that the amount of the selected trastump 100 is different, the specific amount is 12g, the amount of deionized water is reduced to 42 g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Comparative example 3
The present example provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of example 1 only in that the amount of sodium myristate selected is different, the specific amount is 2g, and the amount of deionized water is increased to 53 g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Comparative example 4
The present example provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of example 1 only in that the amount of sodium myristate selected is different, the specific amount is 15g, the amount of deionized water is reduced to 40 g g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Comparative example 5
This example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive and a method for preparing the same and application thereof, which differ from example 1 only in that a nonionic surfactant, i.e., the triamcinolone acetonide 100, is not selected in the preparation of the additive.
Comparative example 6
This example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive and a method for preparing the same and application thereof, which differ from example 1 only in that an anionic surfactant, i.e., sodium myristate, is not selected in the preparation of the additive.
Comparative example 7
This example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive and a method for preparing the same and application thereof, which differ from example 1 only in that no organic chelating agent, i.e., sodium citrate, is selected in the preparation of the additive.
Comparative example 8
This example provides a Raney nickel catalyst activation additive and a method of making and using the same, which differs from example 1 only in that the amount of additive selected is 30 g.
Comparative example 9
The present embodiment provides a Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode and a preparation method thereof, which are different from embodiment 1 in that the additive auxiliary electrode in embodiment 1 is not selected for activation, and finally the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
Comparative example 10
The present embodiment provides a raney nickel catalyst activation additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, which are different from those of embodiment 1 only in that the amount of the selected organic solvent is different, specifically, a mixed solution of 5g ethanol and 2g isopropanol is selected, and the amount of deionized water is increased to 64g, and finally, the raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is also prepared.
In the invention, performance tests and characterization are carried out on the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrodes prepared in the examples and the comparative examples, and specific test results are listed in the following table:
TABLE 1 Hydrogen evolving electrode Performance test data sheet in examples 1-17 and comparative examples 1-10
Table 1, below
Note that: the sample size was 5×5 cm. The catalyst falling proportion is that the mass of the falling part accounts for the mass percentage of the sample before ultrasonic treatment after ultrasonic treatment in alkali liquor for 1 hour. The stability test was run at a current density of 500 mA cm -2 at 300 f h and the table is filled with the difference between the sample overpotential after the stability test and the initial overpotential (the overpotential increases or decreases corresponding to ±).
By conducting the hydrogen evolution capability test on the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode obtained in the above example 1, the test result is shown in FIG. 1, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that when the current density is the same, the overpotential of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode using the additive is higher than that of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode activated without the additive, which means that the catalytic capability of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode activated by the additive is stronger.
By comparing the stability of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode obtained in the above example 1, the test result is shown in FIG. 2, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the overpotential of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode using the additive is relatively stable with time, while the overpotential of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode not activated by the additive is in a decreasing trend; the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode activated by the additive has higher stability, so that the catalytic capability of the electrode is in a stable state.
By carrying out SEM morphology graph characterization on the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode prepared in the embodiment 1, the characterization results are shown in figures 3 to 6, and as can be seen from the figures, the surface of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode without the additive is relatively flat and lacks a porous structure; the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode prepared by using the additive has a plurality of uneven porous structures with different sizes on the surface, and compared with the electrode activated by using the additive has larger specific surface area, more active sites can be provided, and the hydrogen evolution reaction is better and more intense.
According to the test results of the examples and the comparative examples, after the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is activated by using 5-15% of the additive, the overpotential of the Raney nickel electrode is better than that of the electrode prepared without using the additive, namely about 30~50 mV@500mA cm -2, and the catalyst on the surface of the matrix is less fallen off; the Raney nickel electrode prepared by the additive consisting of 5% -8% of nonionic surfactant, 8% -10% of anionic surfactant and 7% -15% of organic chelating agent has good hydrogen evolution performance and stability; the absence of any component (nonionic surfactant, anionic surfactant and organic chelating agent) in the additive can have a significant impact on the hydrogen evolution performance of the Raney nickel electrode; the proportion of the organic solvent also has a certain influence on the hydrogen evolution capability of the Raney nickel electrode.
In summary, the additive for activating the Raney nickel catalyst prepared by the invention has the advantages of easily available preparation raw materials, simple preparation method, and capability of improving the activation speed of the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode after being added into alkaline activation liquid, so that the Raney nickel hydrogen evolution electrode is fully activated, and the requirement of a catalytic process is met on the basis of ensuring stable catalysis.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the same, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The Raney nickel catalyst activation additive is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in percentage by weight:
2% -8% of nonionic surfactant;
5% -10% of anionic surfactant;
7% -15% of an organic chelating agent;
10% -50% of an organic solvent;
The balance of deionized water;
The nonionic surfactant is a mixture composed of one or more selected from alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactants and fatty alcohol ethoxylate surfactants;
The anionic surfactant is one or a mixture of more selected from carboxylate anionic surfactant, sulfonate anionic surfactant, sulfate anionic surfactant and phosphate anionic surfactant.
2. The raney nickel catalyst activation additive of claim 1, wherein the alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactant is a C 8~C20 alkylphenol ethoxylate; the fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether surfactant is C 1~C20 fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether.
3. The raney nickel catalyst activation additive according to claim 1, wherein the carboxylate anionic surfactant is at least one selected from compounds represented by formula (i):
R1COOM1（Ⅰ），
wherein R 1 is C 1~C40 alkyl, and M 1 is sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion or ammonium ion.
4. The raney nickel catalyst activation additive according to claim 1, wherein the sulfonate surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (ii) and formula (iii):
R2SO3M2（Ⅱ），
R3C6H4SO3M2（Ⅲ），
Wherein R 2 is C 1~C40 alkyl, R 3 is C 1~C40 alkyl, and M 2 is sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion or ammonium ion.
5. The raney nickel catalyst activation additive according to claim 1, wherein the sulfate type anionic surfactant is at least one selected from compounds represented by formula (iv):
R4OSO3M3（Ⅳ），
Wherein R 4 is C 1~C40 alkyl, and M 3 is sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion or ammonium ion.
6. The raney nickel catalyst activation additive according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate type surfactant is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (v), formula (vi) and formula (vii):
R5OPO3M4（Ⅴ），
R6O(CH2CH2O)nPO3M4（Ⅵ），
R7OPO3M4（Ⅶ），
Wherein R 5 is C 1~C40 alkyl, R 6 is C 1~C40 alkyl, R 7 is C 1~C40 alkyl, M 4 is sodium ion, potassium ion, magnesium ion or ammonium ion, and n is a positive integer of 1-20.
7. The raney nickel catalyst activation additive of claim 1, wherein the organic chelating agent is a mixture of one or more selected from the group consisting of sodium citrate, sodium gluconate, sodium tartrate, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, and tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate.
8. The raney nickel catalyst activation additive according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is a mixed solvent of one or more selected from the group consisting of ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerol, and acetone.
9. The method for preparing the raney nickel catalyst activation additive according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
S1: uniformly mixing the organic solvent and the deionized water, and heating to obtain a mixed solution; the heating temperature is 20-35 ℃;
s2: adding the nonionic surfactant, the anionic surfactant, and the organic chelating agent to the mixed solution;
S3: stirring to obtain the Raney nickel catalyst activation additive.
10. The use of the raney nickel catalyst activation additive according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that the raney nickel catalyst activation additive is mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain an activation solution, and the weight percentage of the raney nickel catalyst activation additive in the activation solution is 5% -15%.
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